EP0082246A2 - Emergency breathing apparatus - Google Patents
Emergency breathing apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0082246A2 EP0082246A2 EP82105591A EP82105591A EP0082246A2 EP 0082246 A2 EP0082246 A2 EP 0082246A2 EP 82105591 A EP82105591 A EP 82105591A EP 82105591 A EP82105591 A EP 82105591A EP 0082246 A2 EP0082246 A2 EP 0082246A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cartridge
- breathing
- emergency
- heat
- heat accumulator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 title abstract description 15
- 230000000241 respiratory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009189 diving Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002631 hypothermal effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B9/00—Component parts for respiratory or breathing apparatus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B7/00—Respiratory apparatus
- A62B7/08—Respiratory apparatus containing chemicals producing oxygen
Definitions
- the invention relates to an emergency respirator, according to the preamble of claim 1.
- both the 0 2 supply can fail and, in addition, hypothermia through breathing. This difficult situation should be avoided as simply and safely as possible.
- the breathing device consists of a pack of metal sieves, which are arranged in a housing made of poorly heat-conducting material on a breathing mask. Breathing takes place in the pendulum mode. The one with the out Body heat transported in breathable air is stored in the metal sieves and then returned to the mask wearer with the inhaled air.
- This breathing device can only be used in environments that contain otherwise breathable air regardless of temperature conditions. The compensation of a lack of oxygen is not possible. (GB-PS 416 409)
- the object of the invention is a simple emergency respirator that both supplies the wearer with breathable inhalation air in the event of a system failure and prevents heat loss through breathing.
- the main advantages of the emergency respirator can be seen in the double effect, namely the 0 2 supply for the wearer and the use of the heat of reaction from the cartridge to prevent the cooling of the respiratory organs of the wearer.
- This is done in a device-safe manner and for the user in the simplest way.
- the necessary amount of oxygen is released into the immediate vicinity when exhaling and then breathed in again with the next breath.
- the amount of heat stored in the heat storage from the exhaled air is removed again with the next inhalation and returned to the device carrier.
- the structure of the device is very simple since a breathing bag is not required.
- the additional external heat insulation around the cartridge casing at the level of the heat store supports the heat-storing effect in a simple manner.
- the breathing apparatus contains a C0 2 -binding and thereby 0 2 -generating cartridge 1 with a known internal structure, to which a mouthpiece 3 with a nose clip 4 is connected via a folding tube 2.
- the cartridge 1 has on its bottom 5, held by the cartridge casing 6, a heat store 7.
- the material of the heat store 7 is a highly porous Al cylinder.
- the emergency respirator is protected at the mouthpiece 3 by a stopper 8 and at the end of the cartridge shell 6 by a tear-off cover 9 from the ingress of moisture.
- the device When the emergency situation arises, the device is opened by removing the stopper 8 and the cover 9 and can then be ventilated. Ventilation is based on the pendulum principle. During exhalation, the C0 2 is bound in the cartridge 1 from the exhaled air and 0 2 and at the same time heat is generated. The generated heat is stored in the heat accumulator 7 as it flows through during the exhalation phase, in order to then flow into the inhalation air while it is heated.
- the user of the emergency respiratory protection device is thus supplied with 0 2 and at the same time protected against excessive cooling, since he absorbs the previous heat of reaction with the inhalation flow.
- An outer jacket insulation 10 at the level of the heat store 7 around the cartridge jacket 6 supports the same in its heat-storing effect.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
Abstract
Das Notatemschutzgerät ist eine bekannte CO2-bindende und O2-erzeugende Patrone, an die über einen Faltenschlauch ein Mundstück angeschlossen ist. Die entgegengesetzte Patronenseite ist durch einen Wärmespeicher abgeschlossen. Der Einsatz des Notatemschutzgerätes erfolgt in klimatisch ungünstigen Umgebungen, wie sie in Tauchkammern und U-Booten in Notsituationen bei Aufall der O2-Versorgung und auch zusätzlich durch Unterkühlung über die Atmung auftreten können. Das Notatemschutzgerät versorgt den Träger mit atembarer Einatemluft und verhindert Wärmeverluste über die Atmung. Die O2-Erzeugung ist bekannt. Der Wärmespeicher, ein am Mantel der Patrone befestigter hochporöser Al-Zylinder, nimmt während der Ausatemphase die bei der CO2-Bindung und O2-Erzeugung freigewordene Wärmemenge auf und gibt diese dann während der Einatemphase wieder an die Einatemluft ab. Die erwärmte Einatemluft verhindert auch unter klimatisch schwierigen Bedingungen ein Auskühlen der Atemorgane des Geräteträgers. Die Einatemluft enthält den für die Atmung notwendigen, vorher mit dem Ausatemstrom an die Umgebung abgegebenen Sauerstoff.The emergency respirator is a well-known CO2-binding and O2-generating cartridge, to which a mouthpiece is connected via a corrugated hose. The opposite side of the cartridge is sealed off by a heat accumulator. The emergency respiratory protection device is used in climatically unfavorable environments, as can occur in diving chambers and submarines in emergency situations in the event of an O2 supply and also due to hypothermia through breathing. The emergency respirator supplies the wearer with breathable inhalation air and prevents heat loss through breathing. The generation of O2 is known. The heat accumulator, a highly porous Al cylinder attached to the jacket of the cartridge, absorbs the amount of heat released during CO2 exhalation and O2 generation during the exhalation phase and then releases it again into the inhalation air during the exhalation phase. The heated inhaled air prevents the respiratory organs of the device wearer from cooling down even under climatically difficult conditions. The inhaled air contains the oxygen necessary for breathing, which was previously released into the environment with the exhaled flow.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Notatemschutzgerät, entsprechend dem Gattungsbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to an emergency respirator, according to the preamble of
In klimatisch ungünstigen Umgebungen, wie z.B. in Tauchkammern und U-Booten kann es in Notsituationen bei Störungen der Versorgungsanlagen sowohl zum Ausfall der 02-Versorgung als auch zusätzlich zur Unterkühlung über die Atmung kommen. Diese schwierige Situation sollte möglichst einfach und sicher umgangen werden.In climatically unfavorable environments, such as in diving chambers and submarines, in emergency situations in the event of malfunctions in the supply systems, both the 0 2 supply can fail and, in addition, hypothermia through breathing. This difficult situation should be avoided as simply and safely as possible.
Mit einer bekannten Atmungseinrichtung gilt es, den Wärmeverlust, wie er über die Atmung, verursacht zum größten Teil durch die Verdampfung von Wasser in der Lunge und den Luftkanälen, entsteht, zu verhindern. Vor allem kann dies bei einer Atmung in größeren Höhen, in denen die Atemzüge zwangsläufig schneller aufeinander folgen, sehr schnell lebenswichtig sein.With a known breathing device, it is important to prevent the heat loss that occurs through breathing, caused largely by the evaporation of water in the lungs and the air channels. Above all, this can very quickly become vital when breathing at higher altitudes, where the breaths necessarily follow each other more quickly.
Die Atmungsvorrichtung besteht aus einer Packung von Metallsieben, die in einem Gehäuse aus schlecht wärmeleitendem Material an einer Atemmaske angeordnet sind. Die Atmung erfolgt im Pendelbetrieb. Die mit der Ausatemluft transportierte Körperwärme wird in den Metallsieben gespeichert und dann anschließend mit der Einatemluft an den Maskenträger zurückgegeben. Die Anwendbarkeit dieser Atmungseinrichtung ist nur in Umgebungen möglich, die unabhängig von Temperaturbedingungen sonst atembare Luft enthält. Der Ausgleich eines Sauerstoffmangels ist nicht möglich. (GB-PS 416 409)The breathing device consists of a pack of metal sieves, which are arranged in a housing made of poorly heat-conducting material on a breathing mask. Breathing takes place in the pendulum mode. The one with the out Body heat transported in breathable air is stored in the metal sieves and then returned to the mask wearer with the inhaled air. This breathing device can only be used in environments that contain otherwise breathable air regardless of temperature conditions. The compensation of a lack of oxygen is not possible. (GB-PS 416 409)
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist ein einfaches Notatemschutzgerät, das den Träger bei Ausfall der Anlagen sowohl mit atembarer Einatemluft versorgt als auch Wärmeverluste über die Atmung verhindert.The object of the invention is a simple emergency respirator that both supplies the wearer with breathable inhalation air in the event of a system failure and prevents heat loss through breathing.
Die Lösung der Aufgabe erfolgt gemäß dem Kennzeichen des Anspruchs 1. Weitere Merkmale im Rahmen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.The object is achieved according to the characterizing part of
Die wesentlichen Vorteile des Notatemschutzgerätes zeigen sich in der doppelten Wirkung, nämlich der 02-Versorgung für den Geräteträger und der Ausnutzung der Reaktionswärme aus der Patrone zur Verhinderung der Auskühlung der Atemorgane des Geräteträgers. Dies erfolgt gerätemäßig in sicherer und für den Benutzer in einfachster Art und Weise. Die notwendige Sauerstoffmenge wird mit der Ausatmung in die nähere Umgebung abgegeben und von dort mit dem nächsten Atemzug wieder eingeatmet. Die im Wärmespeicher aus der Ausatemluft gespeicherte Wärmemenge wird mit dem nächsten Einatemzug wieder entnommen und dem Geräteträger wieder zugeführt. Der Aufbau des Gerätes ist denkbar einfach, da ein Atembeutel nicht erforderlich ist. Die zusätzliche äußere Wärmeisolierung um den Patronenmantel herum in Höhe des Wärmespeichers unterstützt auf einfache Art und Weise die wärmespeichernde Wirkung.The main advantages of the emergency respirator can be seen in the double effect, namely the 0 2 supply for the wearer and the use of the heat of reaction from the cartridge to prevent the cooling of the respiratory organs of the wearer. This is done in a device-safe manner and for the user in the simplest way. The necessary amount of oxygen is released into the immediate vicinity when exhaling and then breathed in again with the next breath. The amount of heat stored in the heat storage from the exhaled air is removed again with the next inhalation and returned to the device carrier. The structure of the device is very simple since a breathing bag is not required. The additional external heat insulation around the cartridge casing at the level of the heat store supports the heat-storing effect in a simple manner.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird im folgenden beschrieben.An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and is described below.
Das Atemschutzgerät enthält eine C02-bindende und dabei 02-erzeugende Patrone 1 mit bekanntem inneren Aufbau, an die über einen Faltenschlauch 2 ein Mundstück 3 mit einer Nasenklemme 4 angeschlossen sind. Die Patrone 1 besitzt an ihrem Boden 5, gehalten durch den Patronenmantel 6, einen Wärmespeicher 7. Das Material des Wärmespeichers 7 ist ein hochporöser Al-Zylinder.The breathing apparatus contains a C0 2 -binding and thereby 0 2 -generating
Das Notatemschutzgerät ist am Mundstück 3 durch einen Stopfen 8 und am Ende des Patronenmantels 6 durch einen abreißbaren Deckel 9 in der Ruhezeit vor dem Eindringen von Feuchtigkeit geschützt.The emergency respirator is protected at the
Beim Eintritt der Notsituation wird das Gerät durch Entfernen des Stopfens 8 und des Deckels 9 geöffnet und ist damit dann beatembar. Die Beatmung erfolgt nach dem Pendelprinzip. Während der Ausatmung wird in der Patrone 1 das C02 aus der Ausatemluft gebunden und 02 und gleichzeitig Wärme erzeugt. Die erzeugte Wärme wird beim Hindurchströmen während der Ausatemphase im Wärmespeicher 7 gespeichert, um dann in der Einatemphase unter Erwärmung der Einatemluft in diese hinüber zu fließen.When the emergency situation arises, the device is opened by removing the
Damit ist der Benutzer des Notatemschutzgerätes mit 02 versorgt und gleichzeitig vor zu starker Auskühlung geschützt, da er die vorherige Reaktionswärme mit dem Einatemstrom aufnimmt.The user of the emergency respiratory protection device is thus supplied with 0 2 and at the same time protected against excessive cooling, since he absorbs the previous heat of reaction with the inhalation flow.
Eine äußere Mantelisolierung 10 in Höhe des Wärmespeichers 7 um den Patronenmantel 6 herum unterstützt denselben in seiner wärmespeichernden Wirkung.An
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19813150412 DE3150412A1 (en) | 1981-12-19 | 1981-12-19 | NOTATEM PROTECTION DEVICE |
| DE3150412 | 1981-12-19 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0082246A2 true EP0082246A2 (en) | 1983-06-29 |
| EP0082246A3 EP0082246A3 (en) | 1984-09-05 |
| EP0082246B1 EP0082246B1 (en) | 1987-07-29 |
Family
ID=6149197
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP82105591A Expired EP0082246B1 (en) | 1981-12-19 | 1982-06-25 | Emergency breathing apparatus |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4491130A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0082246B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS58109070A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3150412A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5143060A (en) * | 1989-06-08 | 1992-09-01 | Smith Charles A | Insulated carbon dioxide absorption system |
Families Citing this family (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3503628A1 (en) * | 1985-02-02 | 1986-08-14 | Auergesellschaft Gmbh, 1000 Berlin | RESPIRATOR, WITH A BREATH TO BE WEARED IN FRONT OF THE CHEST |
| JPH0545316Y2 (en) * | 1986-07-25 | 1993-11-18 | ||
| JPH0195564A (en) * | 1987-10-08 | 1989-04-13 | Toshiba Corp | Manufacture of semiconductor device |
| US5394867A (en) * | 1991-06-05 | 1995-03-07 | Brookdale International Systems Inc. | Personal disposable emergency breathing system with dual air supply |
| US5186165A (en) * | 1991-06-05 | 1993-02-16 | Brookdale International Systems Inc. | Filtering canister with deployable hood and mouthpiece |
| US5685298A (en) * | 1995-01-20 | 1997-11-11 | Idris; Ahamed H. | Artificial ventilation mask with PPCO2 reducer and/or epinephrine source in mask |
| EP1009460A4 (en) * | 1996-09-06 | 2001-07-18 | Mine Safety Appliances Co | Closed circuit escape breathing apparatus |
| US5937856A (en) * | 1997-07-31 | 1999-08-17 | Jonasson; Hans | Breathing device |
| EP0956881B1 (en) * | 1998-05-14 | 2004-12-08 | Hoshiko Inc | Handy oxygen generator |
| US6354293B1 (en) | 1999-03-16 | 2002-03-12 | Foster E. Madison | Breathing humidifier |
| DE10304394B4 (en) * | 2003-02-04 | 2005-10-13 | Dräger Safety AG & Co. KGaA | Respirator with a breathing gas circuit |
| US7171964B2 (en) * | 2003-06-09 | 2007-02-06 | Moore Bert K | Instant chemical based flexible oxygen in a non-pressurized flexible or rigid containment system |
| DE102005003176B3 (en) * | 2005-01-19 | 2006-07-20 | Msa Auer Gmbh | Oxygen generating breathing apparatus |
| US20060225734A1 (en) * | 2005-04-08 | 2006-10-12 | Ox-Gen Inc. | Filter for oxygen delivery systems |
| US20070048201A1 (en) * | 2005-08-24 | 2007-03-01 | Ox-Gen, Inc. | Oxygen generation system and method |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2228502A (en) * | 1939-12-14 | 1941-01-14 | Walter M Boothby | Means for breathing mixtures of gases at low temperatures |
| DE1259207B (en) * | 1966-07-08 | 1968-01-18 | Auergesellschaft Gmbh | Breathing apparatus with pendulum breathing |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1983475A (en) * | 1931-12-31 | 1934-12-04 | Lemoine Georges Eugene | Breathing apparatus |
| GB416409A (en) * | 1932-12-14 | 1934-09-14 | Bryan Harold Cabot Matthews | Improvements relating to respiratory appliances, particularly for use at high altitudes |
| US2075193A (en) * | 1934-08-18 | 1937-03-30 | Kurt A Gerson | Process for the treatment of gaseous fluids |
| FR811036A (en) * | 1935-12-24 | 1937-04-05 | Ericsson Telefon Sfe Fse | Respirator mask for aviation and other applications |
| FR865596A (en) * | 1940-05-11 | 1941-05-27 | Decarbonising oxygenator and its adaptation to breathing apparatus, oxygen therapy and defense against asphyxiating gases | |
| US3277890A (en) * | 1963-03-26 | 1966-10-11 | Drager Otto H | Closed cycle respirator |
| US3955931A (en) * | 1974-02-19 | 1976-05-11 | Life Support, Inc. | Oxygen generator |
| DE3027206C2 (en) * | 1980-07-18 | 1983-01-27 | Drägerwerk AG, 2400 Lübeck | Isolating breathing apparatus |
-
1981
- 1981-12-19 DE DE19813150412 patent/DE3150412A1/en not_active Ceased
-
1982
- 1982-06-25 EP EP82105591A patent/EP0082246B1/en not_active Expired
- 1982-11-18 US US06/442,791 patent/US4491130A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1982-12-16 JP JP57219351A patent/JPS58109070A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2228502A (en) * | 1939-12-14 | 1941-01-14 | Walter M Boothby | Means for breathing mixtures of gases at low temperatures |
| DE1259207B (en) * | 1966-07-08 | 1968-01-18 | Auergesellschaft Gmbh | Breathing apparatus with pendulum breathing |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| PLASTICA, Band 13, Nr. 10, 1960, Seite 907 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5143060A (en) * | 1989-06-08 | 1992-09-01 | Smith Charles A | Insulated carbon dioxide absorption system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0082246B1 (en) | 1987-07-29 |
| DE3150412A1 (en) | 1983-07-14 |
| EP0082246A3 (en) | 1984-09-05 |
| JPS58109070A (en) | 1983-06-29 |
| US4491130A (en) | 1985-01-01 |
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