EP0080183B1 - Method of dyeing and finishing tubular textile materials - Google Patents

Abstract

The very economical padding methods for applying liquid treatment agents and which have largely become established for flat-lying material are also interesting for dyeing and finishing tubular textile material. In the latter case, the use of this technique is however opposed by the finding that on impregnating circular-knitted goods on a pad mangle the squeeze edges are marked on both sides of the tube, which gives rise, for example, to undesirable color differences. According to the invention, this adverse phenomenon and the problems arising therefrom can be avoided if, through maintaining a relatively high liquor pick-up by the textile material and through mechanical shifting of the edges, the liquor is enabled to level out any unevenness produced on squeezing.

Description

The present invention relates to a method for uniformly applying a plot containing the treatment agent during the dyeing and / or finishing of tubular textile material by padding and squeezing off the excess liquor on a poulard, the product hose impregnated with the treatment liquid being based on a liquor absorption of more than 60% ( is squeezed onto the weight of the dry goods) and immediately thereafter the squeeze edges caused during this process by the printing of the foulard rollers on the two side edges of the hose, with the aid of mechanical measures, are moved from their position forced in the squeeze joint in such a way that they are in the flat position as well as double-layered part of the goods hose come to rest.

Methods for applying liquid by padding and squeezing on a foulard are well known for plain textiles and are practiced on an industrial scale. Their great economy also makes them interesting for the wet treatment of tubular textile goods. Now, however, a material web as an open flat structure is stably secured for all finishing processes by woven strips on both material edges. Woven fabrics, knitted fabrics and knitted fabrics produced on round chairs, on the other hand, are nightless and, as a flexible hollow body, represent a relatively unstable mesh structure, which is very sensitive to tensile and stretching loads. While the transport of goods in the form of strands generally presents no difficulties, the goods must be handled with care when the hose is spread out.

With regard to the gentle transport of goods in the course of continuous application by padding, a serious problem of a process-related nature arises in that the non-cut open goods hose consists of two layers of fabric, which are connected to each other only at the reversal points. There on the two side edges, where the lower layer of the tube merges into the upper position by a 180 ° rotation, due to this turning point there are different spatial conditions with regard to the mesh structure and therefore different napillarity conditions than the flat parts of the tube have. On the basis of this finding, the pressure of the paddle rollers in the pinch joint has different effects when impregnating the goods, which is why the hose is squeezed at the edges in a different quality than is the case with the other parts. This result leads to the appearance of so-called pinch edges and is a consequence of the fact that the material contains less liquor here than in the double layer. This edge formation caused in this way is then - if there is no compensation - marked on the goods in the form of longitudinal stripes, which, for example, is noticeable in clear color differences compared to the rest of the tube after completion of a coloration.

• So hat man z.B. gemäß DE-C- 17 69 863 beim Färben von schlauchförmigen Cellulosefaserartikeln mit Reaktivfarbstoffen nach der Einbad-Naßdämpf-Methode bereits versucht, einer unerwünschten Kantenbildung durch Verwendung von Foulards mit Walzenbelag von bestimmter Shore-Härte und Einhalten ausgewählter Bedingungen für die Farbstoff-Fixierung beizukommen.

In practice, repeated efforts have already been made to remedy this maladministration with regard to a level product image:

• For example, according to DE-C-17 69 863, when dyeing tubular cellulose fiber articles with reactive dyes using the one-bath wet-steaming method, attempts have already been made to prevent undesirable edge formation by using foulards with roller coverings of a certain Shore hardness and compliance with selected conditions for the dye - Get fixation.

Other application development work to prevent the risk of marking squeeze edges was concerned with improving the migration conditions within the tube by increasing the liquor absorption when padding and to bring about the necessary balance between the locations with different squeezing effects.

Most measures of this type aimed to correct or prevent the inequality resulting from the squeezing edges over the entire length of the treated goods hose by changing the quality of the fleet or adding aids. This is e.g. reported in DE-A-29 18 607 in connection with the dyeing of cellulose textiles with reactive dyes after the cold residence process.

Further precautions to avoid the marking of pinched edges, which adjust to the edges of the expanded fabric hose as a result of the pinching effect of the paddle rollers and which negatively affect the uniformity of the product image in the course of block dyeing, are again based on machines and are based on them Realignment of the goods management aligned. In the case of GB-A-2 015 599, the idea is to shift the position of the crimped edges laterally during the longitudinal movement of the hose, as a result of which the original edge sections become straight hose sections and are not reversed. According to the prior art in question, this is done in that during the longitudinal movement of the hose one of the respective straight sections of the hose cross section is given a transverse movement to the second straight section. This process of preferably reciprocating transverse movement of the hose causes that in the Top view of the hose seen in its longitudinal direction, a snake-shaped movement to one or both sides of its original longitudinal central axis. As a result, however, the hose that is constantly displaced in the axial direction of the rollers inevitably experiences a distortion in the orientation of the stitch pattern, especially in the warp direction.

An overview of the entire problem area can also be found in the explanations in Melliand Textile Reports 4/1979, pages 341 ff. However, efforts to date to counter the difficulties associated with the crimped edge phenomenon have been only partially successful. However, the energy crisis made the demand for energy-saving simple technology ever more urgent.

The present invention is based on the object, in the course of wet treatment, such as in dyeing and / or finishing, to develop an improved method for liquor application of tubular textile goods without marking the edges of the tube and overstretching the goods in the longitudinal direction when the fiber material is padded on a padder. Strictly speaking, the claimed process should not rule out the formation of the pinched edges, because this is not possible at all due to the measures taken during padding, but rather its consequences, namely that it becomes visible during the course of the dyeing.

• a) ein einzelnes Breithalteelement, das gegen die Quetschfuge des Foulards um einen Winkelbetrag von mindestens 10° geneigt angeordnet ist, oder über
• b) zwei tandemartig hintereinander geschaltete Breithalteelemente, welche gegeneinander um einen Winkelbetrag von mindestens 10° geneigt angeordnet sind, wobei das erste noch so gelagert ist, daß es die erzeugten Quetschkanten wieder ausbreitet, während das zweite davon die eigentliche Verlegung der Quetschkanten besorgt, führt und daß man dem so behandelten schlauchförmigen Textilgut in der verändert eingestellten Lage durch Verweilen genügend Zeit läßt, damit mittels Kapillarmigration der Flottenausgleich über die gesamte Ware bewirkt wird.

This object is achieved in that the continuously running, moist goods hose in the direction of travel just behind the exit of the same from the pair of rollers of the foulard in the spread state and under contact

• a) a single spreading element, which is arranged inclined at an angle of at least 10 ° against the pinch joint of the foulard, or over
• b) two tandem-like series-wide holding elements, which are arranged inclined to each other by an angle of at least 10 °, the first of which is still mounted so that it spreads out the crimped edges again, while the second of which takes care of the actual laying of the crimped edges, leads and that the tubular textile goods treated in this way are left in the changed position by lingering enough time so that the fleet balance is effected over the entire goods by means of capillary migration.

In the course of the above-described mechanical measures for laying edges according to the present invention, it is now achieved that the goods hose is essentially stitch-straight in the direction of movement, i.e. runs without spreading the mesh when distorted.

Further differences of the invention from the technology known from GB-A-2 015 599 are given in that, according to the invention, the goods hose is, in principle, only dipped, squeezed and brought into another position and thus remains there. However, the drawing and text of the document clearly assume that the product hose is immersed several times in the treatment liquor, each time the edges are laid and then the material to be treated is again immersed in its position changed from the previous immersion and crushing and squeezed again.

For the concerns of leaching and mercerizing of knitted tubular goods, the procedure mentioned in the GB patent right can be used, but not when dyeing. Under the conditions of this document, the laying of the edges and the repeated dipping force the same treatment of the entire product hose. The duration of treatment (exposure) is given by the number of diving units and the speed of the goods. In the process of the invention, however, it was not to be expected that the squeeze edges and the uneven dye distribution which would result from the one-time, non-repeated dipping and squeezing out of the dye liquor application, which was sensitive to a leaching or mercerizing operation, would simply become during a subsequent dwell time compensate by laying the pinch edges.

Finally, one has to take into account in the comparison in question that after leaving the last pinch joint according to the known method, the entire treatment process is completed. A squeeze edge that remains from then on has no further influence on the quality of the completed treatment operation. In the method according to the invention, however, this assessment of the conditions does not apply. The dye fixation begins here after the single laying of the fabric hose in the subsequent dwell time. A pinch edge that was not laid would thus remain clearly marked and render the coloring unusable.

In carrying out the present invention, use is made of the principle - by maintaining a relatively high liquor absorption on the part of the tubular textile material in combination with a displacement of the edges - to give the applied liquor the possibility of eliminating the inequality which has arisen in the course of the squeezing operation. It can be assumed that the unevenly soaked edges following the padding are equalized by the diffusion and migratory properties during the stay. In this way, the undesired marking of the pinched edges can be switched off.

Prejudices against the feasibility of such a method have consisted in particular in the fact that it was previously assumed that mechanical laying of the crimped edges would again result in unegality in the product image due to the structural change forced by the mechanical intervention, as well as the formation of edges on the newly formed, but not crushed side edges of the hose when storing the goods during the stay could not be excluded. Such a fear has surprisingly not been confirmed due to the measures according to the invention.

As already explained above, the process of taking up a fleet has a significant influence on the product image. The tendency towards edge formation decreases with increasing fleet intake. After impregnation, the excess liquor is removed via a squeeze mechanism provided with relatively soft rollers: good results are obtained in the case of textile material made of hydrophilic fibers with a squeeze effect of more than 80% (by dry weight), in the case of hydrophobic fibers already with a squeeze effect of higher achieved as 60% (of dry weight).

• a) ein einzelnes Breithalteelement gegen die Quetschfuge des Foulards um einen Winkelbetrag von mindestens 10° geneigt angeordnet ist, oder
• b) zwei tandemartig hintereinander geschaltete Breithalteelemente, welche gegeneinander um einen Winkelbetrag von mindestens 10° geneigt angeordnet sind, wobei das erste noch so gelagert ist, daß es die erzeugten Quetschkanten wieder ausbreitet/während das zweite davon die eigentliche Verlegung der Quetschkanten veranlaßt, über die das schlauchförmige Textilgut unter Kontakt geführt wird. Der Verdrehungswinkel laut den beiden zuvor erläuterten Anordnungen liegt im allgemeinen zwischen 10° bis 90°. Es reicht für die Zwecke der Erfindung vollkommen aus, wenn die Quetschkanten um ca. 2 cm verlegt werden.

The laying of the tubular textile material impregnated in the spread out state and impregnated by padding on the foulard in the course of the fleet application operation is carried out according to the invention, for example, using a special device which is also the subject of the present invention. A device suitable for the requirements of the method according to the invention for pinch-edge displacement is designed in such a way that, with respect to its plane of action, transversely to the direction of travel of the goods hose arriving flat and in two layers, shortly after it emerges from the pair of rollers of the foulard

• a) a single spreading element is arranged inclined at an angle of at least 10 ° against the pinch joint of the foulard, or
• b) two tandem consecutive spreader elements, which are arranged inclined at an angle of at least 10 ° to each other, the first being mounted so that it spreads the crimped edges again / while the second of them causes the actual crimping edges to be laid over the the tubular textile material is guided under contact. The twist angle according to the two arrangements explained above is generally between 10 ° to 90 °. For the purposes of the invention, it is entirely sufficient if the pinch edges are moved by approximately 2 cm.

The apparatus design of the spreader is completely open for the above-mentioned measures for laying edges. Known types are expediently used, which are arranged in a characteristic manner for the purposes of the present invention. These can be internal spreader bars as well as those types that work from the inside out or mechanics that attack the running goods hose from the outside alone. It is also irrelevant whether the action is purely mechanical or magnetomechanical, if only a safe edge laying by a minimum amount. __ _ is guaranteed.

To linger, the still moist product hose impregnated with the treatment agent is either boarded off or rolled up on rotating docks following the measures for laying the edges. In order to achieve adequate liquor compensation by capillary migration, the residence time in the process according to the invention is generally such that it is at least 1 hour at room temperature after laying the edges. These dwell times can advantageously be included in the fixing process for a treatment agent permanently applied to the fiber, provided that appropriate fixing conditions can be considered in view of the nature of the treatment agent.

The process according to the invention is accordingly carried out as follows: The textile tube is immersed and squeezed out on the padder into a padding liquor, which contains the dissolved or dispersed treatment agent, at a temperature between about 5 ° and 40 ° C., immediately after leaving the pinch joint the edge of the foulard is laid and then the goods linger, the dwell time, for example can already serve to fix the dye or act on the finishing agents. After that, the coloring or finishing is usually fixed and treated as usual.

Of course, in addition to the measures of the invention, use can also be made of the already known means (such as, for example, from DE-OS 29 18 607) for eliminating the pinched edges, with little need to be changed in the block liquor recipes for this case.

Suitable textile materials in the form of a hose are fabrics and knitted fabrics for which the levelness is particularly important and which primarily consist of or contain cellulose fibers.

As already mentioned, the wet treatment operation for padding liquor application can include a dyeing and / or finishing process. Such a textile finishing by dyeing will, for example, advantageously use the semi-continuous block-cold dwell process with reactive dyes, which is to be regarded as an optimal method for utilizing the subject matter of the present invention in view of the necessary treatment steps, because the measures for remedying or preventing it the pinch edges and the dye fixation coincide in the last process stage. All application principles for the cold retention process with reactive dyes on cellulose fibers, such as dye selection, pad liquor temperature, type of alkali and amount, if appropriate wetting agents, and the residence time, as well as the post-treatment operations, remain unchanged.

Other measures such as reducing the amount of alkali when dyeing with reactive dyes can be taken into account. The residence times to be observed in this case depend on the fixing temperature and can be reduced from 1 hour at room temperature to 10 minutes at 70 ° C.

When using reactive dyes on cellulose, however, the dyes can also be fixed on the padded damp goods by the one-bath wet steaming method.

Claims (10)

1. Process for uniformly applying a liquor containing a treating agent when dyeing and/or finishing textile material in the form of a fabric tube by padding and squeezing off excess liquor on a foulard, at which the fabric tube impregnated with the treatment liquid is squeezed to achieve a liquor pick-up of at least 60 % (relative to the weight of the dry goods) and immediately thereafter the folding creases caused in the course of squeezing at the opposite side edges of the tubular material by the pressure of the foulard rollers are displaced in such a way with the assistance of mechanical means out from their previous position brought about in the nip so that they end up lying in that part of the fabric tube which runs flat and in a double-ply condifion, characterized in that the continuously running fabric tube while still moist is passed, in transport direction and shortly after it leaves the nip formed by the roller pair of the foulard, in a spread-out state and with contact over

(a) a single expander element which is inclined against the nip of the foulard by an angle of at least 10°, or over

(b) two expander elements connected tandem- like in series, which are inclined against each other by an angle of at least 10° and of which the first is mounted in such a way that it spreads out again the folding creases produced while the second expander brings about the actual shifting of the folding creases,
and giving the tubular textile material thus treated sufficient time in its displaced position, by batching, to level out the liquor over the entire fabric tube by capillary migration.

2. Process as claimed in claim 1, wherein textile material composed of hydrophilic fibers is squeezed to achieve a liquor pick-up of more than 80 % (relative to the weight of the dry goods).

3. Process as claimed in claim 1, wherein textile material composed of hydrophobic fibers is squeezed to achieve a liquor pick-up of more than 60 % (relative to the weight of the dry goods).

4. Process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the edge shift by the expander element is brought about with the aid of mechanisms engaging the running fabric tube from the inside.

5. Process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the edge shift by the expander element is brought about with the aid of mechanisms engaging the running fabric tube from the outside.

6. Process as claimed in claims 1, 4 and/or 5, wherein magnetically acting expanders are used.

7. The process as claimed in claims 1 to 6, wherein the batching time at room temperature after the edge shift is at least 1 hour.

8. Device for edge shifting to carry out the process as claimed in claims 1 to 7, at which a continuously running fabric tube in a spread-out state is impregnated on a foulard with a treatment liquid and is squeezed off thereafter from excess of liquor, charaterized in that there is (are) arranged, in transport direction shortly after the exit of the fabric tube from the roller pair of the foulard,

(a) a single expander element which is inclined against the nip of the foulard by an angle of at least 10°, or

(b) two expander elements connected tandem- like in series, which are inclined against each other by an angle of at least 10° and of which the first is mounted in such a way that it spreads out again the folding creases produced while the second expander brings about the actual shifting of the folding creases, over which the tubular textile material is guided with contact.

9. Device as claimed in claim 8, in which the expander elements are mechanisms which engage the running fabric tube from the inside.