EP0076520A1 - Air gun - Google Patents

Air gun Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0076520A1
EP0076520A1 EP82109226A EP82109226A EP0076520A1 EP 0076520 A1 EP0076520 A1 EP 0076520A1 EP 82109226 A EP82109226 A EP 82109226A EP 82109226 A EP82109226 A EP 82109226A EP 0076520 A1 EP0076520 A1 EP 0076520A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chamber
air
piston
main
compression
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Granted
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EP82109226A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0076520B1 (en
Inventor
Sigfrid Olofsson
Chester Wickenberg
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority claimed from ES506667A external-priority patent/ES8306867A1/en
Priority claimed from ES513092A external-priority patent/ES513092A0/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT82109226T priority Critical patent/ATE14628T1/en
Publication of EP0076520A1 publication Critical patent/EP0076520A1/en
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Publication of EP0076520B1 publication Critical patent/EP0076520B1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41B—WEAPONS FOR PROJECTING MISSILES WITHOUT USE OF EXPLOSIVE OR COMBUSTIBLE PROPELLANT CHARGE; WEAPONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F41B11/00—Compressed-gas guns, e.g. air guns; Steam guns
    • F41B11/60—Compressed-gas guns, e.g. air guns; Steam guns characterised by the supply of compressed gas
    • F41B11/68—Compressed-gas guns, e.g. air guns; Steam guns characterised by the supply of compressed gas the gas being pre-compressed before firing

Definitions

  • This Patent for Invention relates to certain improvements made to air rifles and, more particularly, to the air compression piston system in the chamber intended for its storage before the time of shooting.
  • the air rifle has found multiple applications in the field of sports and toys.
  • the principle consists essentially in applying an impulse to a small bullet along the barrel; this bullet is projected by a mass of air previously compressed, which, during the expansion, comes into contact with the zone in which the bullet is located, in the muzzle of the barrel, so that the potential energy of l compressed air can act on said bullet by pushing it along the barrel; the potential energy of the compressed air is then transformed into kinetic energy, that of the bullet at the exit of the barrel, so that according to the amplitude of this kinetic energy, one obtains a more or less great range of the shooting.
  • the improvements which are the subject of this patent essentially consist in obtaining a more progressive action of the compressed air on the bullet in the space traversed by it along the barrel, so that the force applied to the bullet is more uniform and more constant acceleration; this results in better use of the potential energy of the compressed air and, therefore, a marked improvement in power of shooting as well as its accuracy.
  • the improvements aimed at obtaining said objectives are essentially based on the constitution of a main piston system intended for the compression of air, in which said piston has an internal chamber closed by a floating piston. , the latter having a special retaining seal which allows an air passage so as to obtain the pressure balance between the main compressed air chamber and said auxiliary chamber; thus, once the loading of the weapon carried out, that is to say once the air intended for the projection will have been duly compressed, a pressure balance is established between the main chamber of compressed air and said auxiliary chamber separated by the floating piston, so that at the time of firing, the transmission of energy from the compressed air will be more progressive, which is the objective sought.
  • This first application essentially provides for the constitution of the floating piston using a device closed by a rod provided, at one end, with a circular head serving precisely as a piston with an adjusted "retaining" member and, at the 'other end, a stop or any other stop member intended to limit the axial position of advance of the piston assembly.
  • the construction of the floating piston may vary within wide limits with only one condition, which must be fulfilled in all cases: it must be arranged so as to slide inside a chamber or housing of the main piston and have a guide and stop device limiting its axial position.
  • the main air compression piston with which the rifle is provided additionally comprises a free auxiliary piston placed in a chamber situated opposite the main compression cylinder.
  • this special piston carrying a peripheral retaining gasket which moves inside the cavity where it is housed, so that in the air compression phase, the main piston of the rifle produces the compression of the air, passing partly behind the auxiliary piston at the start of the loading maneuver, admitting a determined quantity of pressurized air which will remain there permanently retained, so that during the discharge cycle, it will push the piston auxiliary, complementing the expansion action of the main air and obtaining a more efficient discharge of the weapon.
  • the compensating piston will present the seal, arranged between the main and auxiliary chambers, of the sealed type, that is to say which does not allow air passage between said main and auxiliary chambers, a determined compression air having been provided in the auxiliary chamber.
  • Figures 1, 2 and 3 each show a longitudinal section of a cylinder-piston assembly according to the present improvements and, respectively, in the loaded piston position and ready to fire, in the rest position after firing and in the position before compression air in the cylinder.
  • Figure 4 shows a longitudinal section for assessing the arrangement of the main piston and the floating piston of the weapon as well as the unloading passage.
  • FIG. 5 shows a sectional view similar to that of Figure 4, in which the main piston of the weapon is in the loading position before the air compression.
  • Figures 6 and 7 show sectional views of the floating piston provided with two opposite seals and a double lip seal respectively.
  • This piston is essentially characterized by the presence of an internal chamber -8- closed by the floating piston -9-, which has a special retaining seal -10- which allows an easy passage of air towards the interior of the chamber , but which hinders its exit.
  • the floating piston -9- has a rod -12- provided with a stop collar -13- or any other member capable of supporting the axial force on the intermediate bearing -14- produced in the circular orifice of the piston -5-.
  • the piston -5- when acting on the actuation lever of the weapon, the piston -5- is advanced to cause the compression of the air in the chamber -ll-, by increasing the pressure of the air, this gradually fills the auxiliary chamber -8- of the piston -5- deflecting the lip of the seal or sealing ring -10-.
  • the auxiliary chamber -8- gradually fills with air at the start of the loading maneuver until the equilibrium pressure between the main air compression chamber -11- and the auxiliary chamber is obtained (or compression) -8-.
  • the air contained in said auxiliary chamber remains stored permanently in said chamber.
  • an air chamber -15- is formed at the same pressure as the air of the auxiliary chamber -8-.
  • the present improvements provide for the presence of a floating piston -22- located opposite the main piston -16- and provided with a rubber seal of particular shape -23-, which constitutes a lip directed towards the rear, opposite the main piston, sliding inside the cavity -24- where said floating piston -22- is housed.
  • This piston has a wide guide and stop collar, capable of supporting the axial force on the intermediate bearing -26-which limits its axial movement.
  • the cavity -27- where the collar -25- is housed is closed at the rear using, for example, a cover -28- which presses on an elastic seal -29-.
  • the main piston -16- also manages to support the axial force on the bearing -30- of the main cylinder.
  • a conduit -21- intended for the discharge of compressed air communicates with the chamber where the bullet intended to be projected by the cannon will be located -18 - of the weapon.
  • the version represented in FIGS. 6 and 7 comprises a floating piston -32- which, in its intermediate groove -33- is provided with a seal system or seals, formed by a single seal -34- of symmetrical shape, with opposite contact lips -35- and -36-, or a double seal formed by the two individual seals -37- and -38-, coupled so that the corresponding peripheral lips -39- and -40- are directed in the opposite direction.
  • the compensation chamber is subjected to a pre-determined pressure during assembly of the weapon.
  • the main piston -16- could be concave and the stop positions of the two pistons in their movement could be obtained by means of methods different from those indicated: one could for example have complementary springs of the two pistons.
  • the floating piston could be located other than opposite the main piston.
  • the precise shape of the retaining seals and other seals could be modified without departing from the scope of the present invention.
  • the invention could be applied to any other type of compressed air weapon, such as pistols and rifles.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)

Abstract

Dans une carabine à air comprimé l'ensemble cylindre et piston principaux (1,5) destinés à la compression de l'air pour la projection des balles est associé à un autre ensemble cylindre et piston compensateurs (8,9), cet ensemble cylindre et piston compensateurs étant logé dans le corps du piston principal (5) ou dans une chambre communiquant avec le cylindre principal et comportant un piston (9) pouvant se déplacer librement à l'intérieur du cylindre correspondant, lequel communique, à une extrémité, avec le cylindre principal et, à l'autre, reste fermé.In a compressed air rifle the main cylinder and piston assembly (1,5) intended for the compression of air for the projection of bullets is associated with another cylinder and compensating piston assembly (8,9), this cylinder assembly and compensating piston being housed in the main piston body (5) or in a chamber communicating with the main cylinder and comprising a piston (9) which can move freely inside the corresponding cylinder, which communicates, at one end, with the main cylinder and, at the other, remains closed.

Description

Le présent Brevet d'Invention concerne certains perfectionnements apportés aux carabines à air comprimé et, plus particulièrement, au système de piston de compression de l'air dans la chambre destinée à son emmagasinage avant le moment du tir.This Patent for Invention relates to certain improvements made to air rifles and, more particularly, to the air compression piston system in the chamber intended for its storage before the time of shooting.

Comme chacun sait, la carabine à air comprimé a trouvé de multiples applications dans le domaine du sport et du jouet. Le principe consiste essentiellement à appliquer une impulsion à une petite balle le long du canon; cette balle est projetée par une masse d'air préalablement comprimée, laquelle, lors de la détente, entre en contact avec la zone dans laquelle se trouve la balle, dans la bouche du canon, de façon à ce que l'énergie potentielle de l'air comprimé puisse agir sur ladite balle en la poussant le long du canon; l'énergie potentielle de l'air comprimé se transforme alors en énergie cinétique, celle de la balle à la sortie du canon, de sorte que selon l'ampleur de cette énergie cinétique, on obtient une portée plus ou moins grande du tir.As everyone knows, the air rifle has found multiple applications in the field of sports and toys. The principle consists essentially in applying an impulse to a small bullet along the barrel; this bullet is projected by a mass of air previously compressed, which, during the expansion, comes into contact with the zone in which the bullet is located, in the muzzle of the barrel, so that the potential energy of l compressed air can act on said bullet by pushing it along the barrel; the potential energy of the compressed air is then transformed into kinetic energy, that of the bullet at the exit of the barrel, so that according to the amplitude of this kinetic energy, one obtains a more or less great range of the shooting.

Pour obtenir une plus grande précision de tir en même temps qu'une énergie potentielle accrue, on s'est aperçu qu'il suffisait que l'action de l'air comprimé sur la balle soit plus progressive qu'habituellement dans les dispositifs de décharge simple de l'air préalablement comprimé; ceux-ci se caractérisent par un fonctionnement très brusque qui, d'une part, a des effets négatifs sur la précision du tir et, d'autre part, réduit l'énergie potentielle qui est effectivement transférée à la balle.In order to obtain greater shooting accuracy as well as increased potential energy, it has been found that it is sufficient for the action of the compressed air on the bullet to be more gradual than usual in the discharge devices. simple previously compressed air; these are characterized by a very abrupt operation which, on the one hand, has negative effects on the accuracy of the shot and, on the other hand, reduces the potential energy which is actually transferred to the ball.

En conséquence, les perfectionnements objet du présent brevet consistent essentiellement à obtenir une action plus progressive de l'air comprimé sur la balle dans l'espace parcouru par celle-ci le long du canon, de sorte que l'effort appliqué à la balle est plus uniforme et l'accélération plus constante;on obtient ainsi une meilleure utilisation de l'énergie potentielle de l'air comprimé et, donc, une nette amélioration de la puissance de tir ainsi que de sa précision.Consequently, the improvements which are the subject of this patent essentially consist in obtaining a more progressive action of the compressed air on the bullet in the space traversed by it along the barrel, so that the force applied to the bullet is more uniform and more constant acceleration; this results in better use of the potential energy of the compressed air and, therefore, a marked improvement in power of shooting as well as its accuracy.

Les perfectionnements objet du présent brevet sont fondés essentiellement sur l'action conjuguée du piston principal d'impulsion de l'air de la carabine et d'un système compensateur pneumatique, de sorte que la décharge résulte de l'action à la fois du piston principal et du compensateur pneumatique.The improvements which are the subject of this patent are based essentially on the combined action of the main air impulse piston of the rifle and a pneumatic compensating system, so that the discharge results from the action of both the piston main and pneumatic compensator.

Selon une première application du présent brevet, les perfectionnements visant à obtenir lesdits objectifs sont fondés essentiellement sur la constitution d'un système de piston principal destiné à la compression de l'air, dans lequel ledit piston possède une chambre interne fermée par un piston flottant, celui-ci possédant un joint de retenue spécial qui permet un passage d'air de façon à obtenir l'équilibre des pressions entre la chambre principale d'air comprimé et ladite chambre auxiliaire; ainsi, une fois le chargement de l'arme effectué, c'est-à-dire une fois que l'air destiné à la projection aura été dûment comprimé, il s'établit un équilibre de pressions entre la chambre principale d'air comprimé et ladite chambre auxiliaire séparées par le piston flottant, de sorte qu'au moment du tir, la transmission d'énergie de l'air comprimé se fera de façon plus progressive, ce qui est l'objectif recherché.According to a first application of this patent, the improvements aimed at obtaining said objectives are essentially based on the constitution of a main piston system intended for the compression of air, in which said piston has an internal chamber closed by a floating piston. , the latter having a special retaining seal which allows an air passage so as to obtain the pressure balance between the main compressed air chamber and said auxiliary chamber; thus, once the loading of the weapon carried out, that is to say once the air intended for the projection will have been duly compressed, a pressure balance is established between the main chamber of compressed air and said auxiliary chamber separated by the floating piston, so that at the time of firing, the transmission of energy from the compressed air will be more progressive, which is the objective sought.

Cette première application prévoit essentiellement la constitution du piston flottant à l'aide d'un dispositif fermé par une tige pourvue, à une extrémité, d'une tête circulaire faisant précisément office de piston avec un organe de "retenue" ajusté et, à l'autre extrémité, une butée ou tout autre organe d'arrêt destiné à limiter la position axiale d'avance de l'ensemble piston. Cependant, la réalisation du piston flottant pourra varier dans de larges limites à une seule condition, laquelle doit être remplie dans tous les cas : il doit être disposé de façon à coulisser à l'intérieur d'une chambre ou logement du piston principal et posséder un dispositif de guidage et de butée limitant sa position axiale.This first application essentially provides for the constitution of the floating piston using a device closed by a rod provided, at one end, with a circular head serving precisely as a piston with an adjusted "retaining" member and, at the 'other end, a stop or any other stop member intended to limit the axial position of advance of the piston assembly. However, the construction of the floating piston may vary within wide limits with only one condition, which must be fulfilled in all cases: it must be arranged so as to slide inside a chamber or housing of the main piston and have a guide and stop device limiting its axial position.

Selon une autre application plus adéquate, le piston principal de compression de l'air dont est dotée la carabine comporte en complément un piston auxiliaire libre disposé dans une chambre située à l'opposé du cylindre de compression principal, ce piston spécial étant porteur d'un joint de retenue périphérique qui se meut à l'intérieur de la cavité où il est logé, de sorte qu'en phase de compression de l'air, le piston principal de la carabine produit la compression de l'air, passant en partie derrière le piston auxiliaire au début de manoeuvre de chargement, admettant une quantité déterminée d'air sous pression qui y restera retenu de façon permanente, de sorte que durant le cycle de décharge, il poussera le piston auxiliaire, complétant l'action d'expansion de l'air principal et obtenant une décharge plus efficace de l'arme.According to another more suitable application, the main air compression piston with which the rifle is provided additionally comprises a free auxiliary piston placed in a chamber situated opposite the main compression cylinder. cipal, this special piston carrying a peripheral retaining gasket which moves inside the cavity where it is housed, so that in the air compression phase, the main piston of the rifle produces the compression of the air, passing partly behind the auxiliary piston at the start of the loading maneuver, admitting a determined quantity of pressurized air which will remain there permanently retained, so that during the discharge cycle, it will push the piston auxiliary, complementing the expansion action of the main air and obtaining a more efficient discharge of the weapon.

Selon une autre application, le piston compensateur présentera le joint, disposé entre les chambres principale et auxiliaire, de type étanche, c'est-à-dire qui ne permette pas de passage d'air entre lesdites chambres principale et auxiliaire, une compression déterminée de l'air ayant été prévue dans la chambre auxiliaire.According to another application, the compensating piston will present the seal, arranged between the main and auxiliary chambers, of the sealed type, that is to say which does not allow air passage between said main and auxiliary chambers, a determined compression air having been provided in the auxiliary chamber.

Ce qui pourra être obtenu en disposant, par exemple, entre lesdites chambres principale et auxiliaire un joint à double lèvre ou deux joints opposés.This can be achieved by having, for example, between said main and auxiliary chambers a double lip seal or two opposite seals.

A titre d'exemple et pour une meilleure compréhension de l'invention, le dessin ci-joint illustre les perfectionnements objet du présent brevet.By way of example and for a better understanding of the invention, the attached drawing illustrates the improvements which are the subject of this patent.

Les figures 1, 2 et 3 représentent chacune une coupe longitudinale d'un ensemble cylindre-piston selon les présents perfectionnements et, respectivement, en position de piston chargé et prêt à tirer, en position de repos après le tir et en position avant la compression de l'air dans le cylindre.Figures 1, 2 and 3 each show a longitudinal section of a cylinder-piston assembly according to the present improvements and, respectively, in the loaded piston position and ready to fire, in the rest position after firing and in the position before compression air in the cylinder.

La figure 4 représente une coupe longitudinale permettant d'apprécier la disposition du piston principal et du piston flottant de l'arme ainsi que le passage de déchargement.Figure 4 shows a longitudinal section for assessing the arrangement of the main piston and the floating piston of the weapon as well as the unloading passage.

La figure 5 représente une vue en coupe semblable à celle de la figure 4, dans laquelle le piston principal de l'arme se trouve en position de chargement avant la compression de l'air.5 shows a sectional view similar to that of Figure 4, in which the main piston of the weapon is in the loading position before the air compression.

Les figures 6 et 7 représentent des vues en coupe du piston flottant pourvu respectivement de deux joints opposés et d'un joint à double lèvre.Figures 6 and 7 show sectional views of the floating piston provided with two opposite seals and a double lip seal respectively.

Tel qu'il apparait sur les croquis, l'ensemble des organes concernés par les présents perfectionnements se compose essentiellement d'un cylindre -1- limité dans sa partie avant -2- par un conduit -3- fermé au moyen d'une soupape -4- et dans sa partie arrière par un piston -5- pourvu d'anneaux d'étanchéité -6- et de coulissement -7-. As it appears on the sketches, all the bodies concerned by the present improvements essentially consist of a cylinder -1- limited in its front part -2- by a conduit -3- closed by means of a valve -4- and in its rear part by a piston -5- provided with sealing rings -6- and sliding rings -7-.

Ce piston se caractérise essentiellement par la présence d'une chambre interne -8- obturée par le piston flottant -9-, lequel possède un joint de retenue spécial -10- qui permet un passage d'air aisé vers l'intérieur de la chambre, mais qui gêne sa sortie.This piston is essentially characterized by the presence of an internal chamber -8- closed by the floating piston -9-, which has a special retaining seal -10- which allows an easy passage of air towards the interior of the chamber , but which hinders its exit.

Le piston flottant -9- est doté d'une tige -12- pourvue d'un collet d'arrêt -13- ou tout autre organe susceptible de supporter l'effort axial sur le palier intermédiaire -14- réalisé dans l'orifice circulaire du piston -5-.The floating piston -9- has a rod -12- provided with a stop collar -13- or any other member capable of supporting the axial force on the intermediate bearing -14- produced in the circular orifice of the piston -5-.

Grâce à ce dispositif, lorsqu'en agissant sur le levier d'actionnement de l'arme,on fait avancer le piston -5- pour provoquer la compression de l'air de la chambre -ll-, en augmentant la pression de l'air, celui-ci remplit peu à peu la chambre auxiliaire -8- du piston -5- déviant la lèvre du joint ou anneau d'étanchéité -10-.Thanks to this device, when acting on the actuation lever of the weapon, the piston -5- is advanced to cause the compression of the air in the chamber -ll-, by increasing the pressure of the air, this gradually fills the auxiliary chamber -8- of the piston -5- deflecting the lip of the seal or sealing ring -10-.

La chambre auxiliaire -8- se remplit peu à peu d'air en début de manoeuvre de chargement jusqu'à ce que soit obtenue la pression d'équilibre entre la chambre principale de compression d'air -11- et la chambre auxiliaire (ou de compression) -8-. L'air contenu dans ladite chambre auxiliaire reste emmagasiné de façon permanente dans ladite chambre.The auxiliary chamber -8- gradually fills with air at the start of the loading maneuver until the equilibrium pressure between the main air compression chamber -11- and the auxiliary chamber is obtained (or compression) -8-. The air contained in said auxiliary chamber remains stored permanently in said chamber.

En conséquence, lorsque le piston -5- arrive au bout de son parcours de compression à l'intérieur du cylindre -l-, figure 1, il se forme une chambre d'air -15- à la même pression que l'air de la chambre auxiliaire -8-.Consequently, when the piston -5- reaches the end of its compression path inside the cylinder -l-, FIG. 1, an air chamber -15- is formed at the same pressure as the air of the auxiliary chamber -8-.

Au moment du tir, représenté sur la figure 2, on ouvre la soupape -4- qui permet l'expulsion de l'air comprimé, de telle sorte que le volume gagné avec l'expansion est compensé au fur et à mesure par le piston flottant -9- et, de ce fait, la pression de décharge de l'air comprimé se maintient constante.At the time of the firing, represented on figure 2, one opens the valve -4- which allows the expulsion of the compressed air, so that the volume gained with the expansion is compensated progressively by the piston floating -9- and, as a result, the discharge pressure of the compressed air is kept constant.

Tel qu'il apparait selon l'application des figures 4 et 5, les perfectionnements objet du présent brevet prévoient la présence d'unpiston principal -16- à l'intérieur du cylindre de compression de l'air -17-, ledit piston étant pourvu d'un jeu de joints externes -19- et -20-, le joint avant étant de préférence un joint d'étanchéité et celui arrière un joint de friction, et ce afin d'obtenir une bonne étanchéité dans le coulissement du piston -l'intérieur du cylindre -17-. Ledit piston est connecté à une baguette d'actionnement conventionnel -21-.As it appears according to the application of Figures 4 and 5, the improvements which are the subject of this patent provide for the presence of a main piston -16- inside the air compression cylinder -17-, said piston being provided with a set of external seals -19- and -20-, the front seal preferably being a seal and the rear seal a friction seal, in order to obtain a good seal in the sliding of the piston -the interior of the cylinder -17-. Said piston is connected to a conventional actuating rod -21-.

Les présents perfectionnements prévoient la présence d'un piston flottant -22- situé à l'opposé du piston principal -16- et pourvu d'un joint en caoutchouc de forme particulière -23-, qui constitue une lèvre dirigée vers l'arrière, à l'opposé du piston principal, coulissant à l'intérieur de la cavité -24- où est logé ledit piston flottant -22-. Ce piston est doté d'un large collet de guidage et d'arrêt, susceptible de supporter l'effort axial sur le palier intermédiaire -26-qui limite son déplacement axial. La cavité -27- où est logé le collet -25- est fermée à l'arrière à l'aide, par exemple, d'un couvercle -28- qui fait pression sur un joint élastique d'étanchéité -29-.The present improvements provide for the presence of a floating piston -22- located opposite the main piston -16- and provided with a rubber seal of particular shape -23-, which constitutes a lip directed towards the rear, opposite the main piston, sliding inside the cavity -24- where said floating piston -22- is housed. This piston has a wide guide and stop collar, capable of supporting the axial force on the intermediate bearing -26-which limits its axial movement. The cavity -27- where the collar -25- is housed is closed at the rear using, for example, a cover -28- which presses on an elastic seal -29-.

Le piston principal -16- parvient également à supporter l'effort axial sur le palier -30- du cylindre principal.The main piston -16- also manages to support the axial force on the bearing -30- of the main cylinder.

Dans la zone intermédiaire entre les deux positions d'arrêt des deux pistons composant le système, un conduit -21- destiné à la décharge de l'air comprimé communique avec la chambre où se trouvera la balle destinée à être projetée par le canon -18- de l'arme.In the intermediate zone between the two stop positions of the two pistons making up the system, a conduit -21- intended for the discharge of compressed air communicates with the chamber where the bullet intended to be projected by the cannon will be located -18 - of the weapon.

Grâce à ce dispositif, on obtient le fonctionnement suivant : lorsque le piston se déplace dans son parcours de chargement, de sa position extrême (figure 5) vers la position d'arrêt, tel qu'il apparait dans la figure 4, l'air emmagasiné à l'intérieur du cylindre -17- est comprimé, prêt à appliquer une impulsion à la petite balle. Lors de la décharge, l'air passe vers le canon au moyen du conduit -31-, l'impulsion étant due tant à l'action du piston principal qu'à l'expansion de l'air de la chambre -27- sur le piston -22-, ce qui constitue une action supplémentaire de compression de l'air en phase de décharge, rendant celle-ci plus régulière et effective.Thanks to this device, the following operation is obtained: when the piston moves in its loading path, from its extreme position (Figure 5) to the stop position, as it appears in Figure 4, the air stored inside the cylinder -17- is compressed, ready to apply an impulse to the small ball. During the discharge, the air passes to the barrel by means of the conduit -31-, the impulse being due both to the action of the main piston and to the expansion of the air in the chamber -27- on the piston -22-, which constitutes an additional action of compression of the air during the discharge phase, making it more regular and effective.

La version représentée dans les figures 6 et 7 comporte un piston flottant -32- qui, dans sa rainure intermédiaire -33- est doté d'un système de joint ou joints étanches, formé par un joint unique -34- de forme symétrique, avec des lèvres de contact opposées -35- et -36-, ou un double joint formé par les deux joints individuels -37-et -38-, accouplés de façon à ce que les lèvres périphériques correspondantes -39- et -40- soient dirigées en sens contraire. Grâce à quoi, la chambre de compensation est soumise à une pression préalable déterminée durant le montage de l'arme.The version represented in FIGS. 6 and 7 comprises a floating piston -32- which, in its intermediate groove -33- is provided with a seal system or seals, formed by a single seal -34- of symmetrical shape, with opposite contact lips -35- and -36-, or a double seal formed by the two individual seals -37- and -38-, coupled so that the corresponding peripheral lips -39- and -40- are directed in the opposite direction. As a result, the compensation chamber is subjected to a pre-determined pressure during assembly of the weapon.

Bien entendu, diverses variantes peuvent être imaginées, sans pour autant sortir du domaine de l'invention. En particulier, le piston principal -16- pourrait être concave et les positions d'arrêt des deux pistons dans leur déplacement pourraient être obtenues au moyen de procédés différents de ceux indiqués : l'on pourrait par exemple disposer des ressorts complémentaires des deux pistons. Dans ce cas, le piston flottant pourrait être situé autrement qu'à l'opposé du piston principal. De même, la forme précise des joints de retenue et autres joints pourrait être modifiée sans sortir du domaine de la présente invention. Egalement, l'invention pourrait s'appliquer à tout autre type d'armes à air comprimé, tels que les pistolets et carabines.Of course, various variants can be imagined, without however departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the main piston -16- could be concave and the stop positions of the two pistons in their movement could be obtained by means of methods different from those indicated: one could for example have complementary springs of the two pistons. In this case, the floating piston could be located other than opposite the main piston. Likewise, the precise shape of the retaining seals and other seals could be modified without departing from the scope of the present invention. Also, the invention could be applied to any other type of compressed air weapon, such as pistols and rifles.

Claims (8)

1. Perfectionnements apportés aux carabines à air comprimé, caractérisés par la constitution d'une chambre de compensation pneumatique associée à la chambre principale de compression de l'air sous l'action du piston de l'arme, ladite chambre de compensation comportant un piston flottant à l'intérieur, susceptible de coulisser à l'intérieur de la chambre, étanche à l'air et déterminant une chambre à air séparée de la chambre principale de compression de l'arme, susceptible de recevoir et de transmettre les variations de pression par rapport à la chambre principale, par l'intermédiaire du piston flottant.1. Improvements made to air rifles, characterized by the constitution of a pneumatic compensation chamber associated with the main air compression chamber under the action of the pistol of the weapon, said compensation chamber comprising a piston floating inside, capable of sliding inside the chamber, airtight and determining an air chamber separate from the main compression chamber of the weapon, capable of receiving and transmitting pressure variations relative to the main chamber, via the floating piston. 2. Perfectionnements apportés aux carabines à air comprimé, selon la revendication 1, caractérisés par la constitution d'une chambre auxiliaire à l'intérieur du piston principal de compression d'air de la carabine, cette chambre auxiliaire étant séparée de la chambre principale de compression de l'air par un piston flottant, qui coulisse ajusté à la surface intérieure de la chambre auxiliaire et qui permet le transfert rapide de l'air comprimé entre la chambre principale et la chambre auxiliaire en phase de compression, régularise et rend plus progressive l'action de l'air comprimé sur la balle à tirer.2. Improvements made to the air rifles according to claim 1, characterized by the constitution of an auxiliary chamber inside the main air compression piston of the rifle, this auxiliary chamber being separated from the main chamber of compression of the air by a floating piston, which slides adjusted to the interior surface of the auxiliary chamber and which allows the rapid transfer of the compressed air between the main chamber and the auxiliary chamber during the compression phase, regulates and makes more progressive the action of compressed air on the ball to be fired. 3. Perfectionnements apportés aux carabines à air comprimé, selon la revendication 2, caractérisés par le fait que le piston flottant qui sépare la chambre principale de compression et la chambre auxiliaire est porteur d'un joint de retenue périphérique susceptible de permettre un passage aisé d'air comprimé de la chambre principale à la chambre auxiliaire en phase de chargement et agissant comme piston en phase de déchargement.3. Improvements made to the air rifles, according to claim 2, characterized in that the floating piston which separates the main compression chamber and the auxiliary chamber carries a peripheral retaining seal capable of allowing easy passage d compressed air from the main chamber to the auxiliary chamber during the loading phase and acting as a piston during the unloading phase. 4. Perfectionnements apportés aux carabines à air comprimé, selon la revendication 2, caractérisés par la présence d'un piston se déplaçant librement à l'intérieur d'une chambre complémentaire fermée, située à une extrémité de la chambre principale de compression d'air, lequel piston reçoit l'action de la compression de l'air dans la chambre principale et la transmet à l'air de la chambre complémentaire, le piston flottant étant porteur d'un joint d'étanchéité élastique ajusté à l'intérieur de ladite chambre complémentaire.4. Improvements made to the air rifles according to claim 2, characterized by the presence of a piston moving freely inside a complementary closed chamber, located at one end of the main air compression chamber , which piston receives the action of air compression in the main chamber and the transmits air to the complementary chamber, the floating piston carrying an elastic seal fitted inside said complementary chamber. 5. Perfectionnements apportés aux carabines à air comprimé, selon la revendication 4, caractérisés par le fait que les chambres principales de compression de l'air et complémentaires, possèdent des arrêts limitant le déplacement axial tant du piston principal que du piston flottant.5. Improvements made to air rifles, according to claim 4, characterized in that the main air compression chambers and complementary, have stops limiting the axial movement of both the main piston and the floating piston. 6. Perfectionnements apportés aux carabines à air comprimé, selon la revendication 4, caractérisés par le fait que le conduit de déchargement de l'air comprimé aboutit dans une zone intermédiaire entre les pistons de la chambre principale et complémentaire.6. Improvements made to the air rifles, according to claim 4, characterized in that the discharge conduit of the compressed air ends in an intermediate zone between the pistons of the main and complementary chamber. 7. Perfectionnements apportés aux carabines à air comprimé, selon la revendication 1, caractérisés par le fait que l'étanchéité à l'air de la chambre de compensation est obtenue par l'ajustement d'un système de retenue à double lèvre à la périphérie du piston compensateur.7. Improvements made to the air rifles according to claim 1, characterized in that the airtightness of the compensation chamber is obtained by adjusting a retaining system with double lip at the periphery of the compensating piston. 8. Perfectionnements apportés aux carabines à air comprimé, selon la revendication 7, caractérisés par le fait que la chambre de compensation est soumise à une pression d'air de valeur préalablement déterminée.8. Improvements made to air rifles according to claim 7, characterized in that the compensation chamber is subjected to an air pressure of predetermined value.
EP82109226A 1981-10-07 1982-10-06 Air gun Expired EP0076520B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82109226T ATE14628T1 (en) 1981-10-07 1982-10-06 AIR RIFLE.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES506667A ES8306867A1 (en) 1981-10-07 1981-10-07 Air gun
ES506667 1981-10-07
ES513092A ES513092A0 (en) 1982-05-19 1982-05-19 "IMPROVEMENT IN COMPRESSED AIR CARABINES".
ES513092 1982-05-19

Publications (2)

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EP0076520A1 true EP0076520A1 (en) 1983-04-13
EP0076520B1 EP0076520B1 (en) 1985-07-31

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EP82109226A Expired EP0076520B1 (en) 1981-10-07 1982-10-06 Air gun

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US (1) US4572152A (en)
EP (1) EP0076520B1 (en)
BR (1) BR8205887A (en)
DE (1) DE3265094D1 (en)

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US6581585B2 (en) 2001-11-16 2003-06-24 Alfred F. Nibecker, Jr. Air gun
US7520275B2 (en) * 2005-10-22 2009-04-21 Long Robert M Valve assembly for paintball guns and the like, and improved guns incorporating the assembly
US20090084371A1 (en) * 2007-10-01 2009-04-02 Nibecker Jr Alfred F Pneumatic device
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US8322329B1 (en) 2010-01-06 2012-12-04 Long Range, Llc Systems, devices, and/or methods for launching a projectile
US9562738B2 (en) 2013-05-10 2017-02-07 Crosman Corporation Split compression piston

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Also Published As

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EP0076520B1 (en) 1985-07-31
US4572152A (en) 1986-02-25
DE3265094D1 (en) 1985-09-05
BR8205887A (en) 1983-09-06

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