EP0075041A1 - Steam generator with a superheater tubular wall - Google Patents

Steam generator with a superheater tubular wall Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0075041A1
EP0075041A1 EP81108053A EP81108053A EP0075041A1 EP 0075041 A1 EP0075041 A1 EP 0075041A1 EP 81108053 A EP81108053 A EP 81108053A EP 81108053 A EP81108053 A EP 81108053A EP 0075041 A1 EP0075041 A1 EP 0075041A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
superheater
tubes
tube wall
evaporator
steam generator
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Granted
Application number
EP81108053A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0075041B1 (en
Inventor
Karl Rees
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Sulzer AG
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Sulzer AG
Gebrueder Sulzer AG
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Publication of EP0075041A1 publication Critical patent/EP0075041A1/en
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Publication of EP0075041B1 publication Critical patent/EP0075041B1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/10—Water tubes; Accessories therefor
    • F22B37/12—Forms of water tubes, e.g. of varying cross-section
    • F22B37/125—Bifurcates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22G—SUPERHEATING OF STEAM
    • F22G3/00—Steam superheaters characterised by constructional features; Details of component parts thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22G—SUPERHEATING OF STEAM
    • F22G7/00—Steam superheaters characterised by location, arrangement, or disposition
    • F22G7/14—Steam superheaters characterised by location, arrangement, or disposition in water-tube boilers, e.g. between banks of water tubes

Definitions

  • the number of superheater tubes can be reduced and the weight of the pressure-carrying parts can be reduced.
  • the retaining elements according to claim 4 prevent the superheater tubes from bending out of the plane of the superheater tube wall in a structurally simple manner.
  • the features of claim 5 ensure a free thermal expansion possibility for the superheater tubes.
  • the solution according to claim 6 allows to significantly reduce the number of penetration points.
  • the embodiment according to claim 9 allows to do without sliding seals.
  • a steam generator 1 has a combustion chamber 2 with an adjoining flue gas duct 3, at the upper end of which a transverse duct 4 is connected.
  • the combustion chamber 2 and the flue gas duct 3 are delimited by four vertical walls 6.
  • a funnel 7 is provided, which also consists of tube walls.
  • four burners 8 are arranged, which are supplied with air via channels 9 and with fuel via further lines (not shown).
  • the tube walls 6 and the walls of the funnel 7 are formed from gas-tight welded tubes 10, which serve as evaporator heating surfaces.
  • touch heating surfaces 12, 13 and 14 are suspended, of which the heating surface 14 can be formed from a plurality of tabular, vertical bulkhead heating surfaces.
  • flue gas side superheater tube walls superiors 18 supports' are also superheater tube walls.
  • FIGS. 2 to 7 show details of the pipe arrangement in the area of the flue gas duct 3.
  • the parallel evaporator pipes 10 are welded to one another via webs 24 via the height of the combustion chamber 2.
  • two adjacent evaporator tubes 10 are joined together via fork pieces 26 to form a new evaporator tube 27.
  • Wide webs 28 extend between adjacent evaporator tubes 27, so that the evaporator tubes 10 and 27 form tight, so-called membrane walls together with the webs 24 and 28, respectively.
  • tube bends 30, which are connected to fork pieces 31, pierce the evaporator tube wall / vertical fin tubes 32 are welded onto the fork pieces 31, which form the superheater tube wall 18.
  • the fins 33 of adjacent fin tubes 32 are only a short distance a, through which practically no heat radiation falls on the evaporator tube wall located behind them.
  • the fin tubes 32 are fastened in several places over their height by retaining elements to the webs 28 of the evaporator tube wall. For this purpose, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, 32 hooks 35 are welded to the rear of the fin tubes, which are each suspended in a slot 36 in the webs 28. For sealing purposes, the slots 36 and the hooks 35 are covered by a box 40 which is tightly welded onto the outside of the evaporator tube wall 6.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 show, in the area of the upper end of the superheater tube wall two adjacent fin tubes 32 each open into a fork piece 42, to which a tube elbow 43 connects.
  • This elbow 43 penetrates with its horizontal leg 44 an elongated hole 46 provided on the web 28.
  • an inner cover tongue 48 and an outer cover tongue 49 are welded to the leg 44 on both sides of the web 28 such that this follows different thermal expansion of the fin tubes 32 and the evaporator tubes 27 , can move in slot 46 and the tongues always cover the slot.
  • cover tabs 48 and 49 do not provide complete sealing. It may therefore be expedient to connect the bellows to the legs 44 on the outside of the evaporator tube wall by means of bellows (not shown) which permit vertical displacements.
  • the embodiment according to FIGS. 2 to 7 has the disadvantage that if the steam flow is distributed unevenly over two fin tubes 32 connected to one another by a fork piece 31, the steam flows flowing therein can heat up unevenly, which can lead to thermal stresses when firmly connected by fork pieces 42.
  • This disadvantage is avoided in the case of a solution according to FIG. 8, in which the tubes of a pair each starting from a fork piece 31 separately through elongated holes 46 arranged one below the other through the evaporator tube wall.
  • the elongated holes 46 are also covered here with cover tongues 48 and 49.
  • the sliding seals according to FIGS. 6, 7 and 8 can be avoided by the embodiment according to FIG. 9.
  • the fin tubes 32 are bent obliquely in the region of their upper end, forming expansion legs 60, and then with an arc 61 passed through bores in the webs 28 of the evaporator tube wall.
  • adjacent expansion legs 60 can each be in the same. Sloping plane perpendicular to the evaporator tube wall run, as shown in FIG. 9, or also against one another be offset, as Figure 10 shows. The offset allows the inner extension leg to be given a smaller offset.
  • expansion legs As shown in FIG. 11 in contrast to FIG. 9, the other of the two legs forming a pair can be cranked inwards.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

Der Dampferzeuger weist eine Brennkammer (2) mit oben daran anschliessendem Rauchgaszug (3) auf, deren Wände (6) aus gasdicht miteinander verschweißten Verdampferrohren (10) bestehen. Im Rauchgaszug ist vor jede Wand (6) eine Überhitzerrohrwand (18) gehängt, deren Rohre (32) senkrecht verlaufen und am unteren Ende die Verdampferrohrwand im Bereich der Stege zwischen den Rohren (10) durchdringen. Auf der Höhe dieser Durchdringungsstellen sind die Verdamperrohre paarweise zusammengegabelt und die Überhitzerrohre auf der Innenseite des Rauchgaszuges auseinandergegabelt. Über die Höhe der Überhitzerrohrwand (18) sind Rückhalteelemente vorgesehen, über die die Überhitzerrohre verschiebbar mit der Verdamperrohrwand verbunden sind. Am oberen Ende der Überhitzerrohre sind Mittel zum Ausgleichen der unterschiedlichen Dehnung zwischen Überhitzer- und Verdampferrohren vorgesehen. Durch diese Anordnung werden die Rohre der Überhitzerwand auch beim Anfahren vom Arbeitsmittel gut gekühlt, und es sind unzulässige Wäremspannungen an den Durchdringungsstellen vermieden.The steam generator has a combustion chamber (2) with a flue gas flue (3) adjoining it at the top, the walls (6) of which consist of evaporator tubes (10) welded together in a gas-tight manner. In the flue gas flue, a superheater tube wall (18) is hung in front of each wall (6), the tubes (32) of which run vertically and penetrate the evaporator tube wall in the region of the webs between the tubes (10) at the lower end. At the level of these penetration points, the evaporator pipes are forked together in pairs and the superheater pipes are forked apart on the inside of the flue gas duct. Retaining elements are provided over the height of the superheater tube wall (18), via which the superheater tubes are slidably connected to the evaporator tube wall. Means are provided at the upper end of the superheater tubes to compensate for the different expansion between superheater and evaporator tubes. With this arrangement, the pipes of the superheater wall are well cooled even when the working medium starts up, and inadmissible thermal stresses at the penetration points are avoided.

Description

Um Verdampferrohrwände von Rauchgaszügen vor zu hoher Wärmeaufnahme abzuschirmen, sind Dampferzeuger nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 vorgeschlagen worden, bei denen die Rohre der Ueberhitzerrohrwand als Fall- und Steigrohre ausgebildet sind. Die Eintritts- und Austrittsabschnitte der Ueberhitzerrohre durchdringen dabei die Verdampferrohrwand im Bereich des oberen Endes der Ueberhitzerrohrwand.In order to shield evaporator tube walls of flue gas flues from excessive heat absorption, steam generators have been proposed according to the preamble of claim 1, in which the tubes of the superheater tube wall are designed as downpipes and riser tubes. The inlet and outlet sections of the superheater tubes penetrate the evaporator tube wall in the region of the upper end of the superheater tube wall.

Eine solche Anordnung hat den Nachteil, dass die Ueberhitzerrohrwände sich für das Anfahren der Anlage nicht entwässern lassen. Damit besteht die Gefahr, dass beim Anfahren einzelne Rohre nicht genügend gekühlt werden. Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, diesen Nachteil zu beheben.Such an arrangement has the disadvantage that the superheater tube walls cannot be dewatered for starting up the system. There is therefore a risk that individual pipes will not be cooled sufficiently when starting up. The object of the invention is to remedy this disadvantage.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäss durch die Merkmale nach dem Kennzeichen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Besondere Vorteile dieser Lösung ergeben sich aus der einfachen Konstruktion der Durchdringungspartie am unteren Ende der Ueberhitzerrohrwand, durch welche unzulässige Wärmespannungen vermieden werden.According to the invention, this object is achieved by the features according to the characterizing part of claim 1. Particular advantages of this solution result from the simple construction of the penetration section at the lower end of the superheater tube wall, by means of which inadmissible thermal stresses are avoided.

Mit dem Merkmal nach Anspruch 2 wird vermieden, dass die Rohre der Ueberhitzerrohrwand zusätzliche Knickbelastungen erfahren.With the feature according to claim 2 it is avoided that the tubes of the superheater tube wall experience additional buckling loads.

Nach Anspruch 3 kann, bei gleicher Abschirmwirkung, die Anzahl der Ueberhitzerrohre verringert und das Gewicht der druckführenden Teile reduziert werden.According to claim 3, with the same shielding effect, the number of superheater tubes can be reduced and the weight of the pressure-carrying parts can be reduced.

Durch die Rückhaltelemente nach Anspruch 4 wird auf konstruktiv einfache weise ein Ausbiegen der Ueberhitzerrohre aus der Ebene der Ueberhitzerrohrwand vermieden.The retaining elements according to claim 4 prevent the superheater tubes from bending out of the plane of the superheater tube wall in a structurally simple manner.

Die Merkmale nach Anspruch 5 gewährleisten eine freie Wärmedehnungsmöglichkeit für die Ueberhitzerrohre.The features of claim 5 ensure a free thermal expansion possibility for the superheater tubes.

Die Lösung nach Anspruch 6 gestattet, die Anzahl der Durchdringungsstellen erheblich zu vermindern.The solution according to claim 6 allows to significantly reduce the number of penetration points.

Bei Anwendung der Merkmale nach Anspruch 7 werden auch bei unterschiedlichen Durchflussmengen benachbarter Rohre zusätzliche Wärmespannungen vermieden.When using the features of claim 7, additional thermal stresses are avoided even with different flow rates of adjacent pipes.

Mit der Lösung nach Anspruch 8 können Rauchgas-Leckverluste vermieden werden.With the solution according to claim 8, flue gas leakage losses can be avoided.

Die Ausführung nach Anspruch 9 gestattet, ohne Schiebedichtungen auszukommen.The embodiment according to claim 9 allows to do without sliding seals.

Die Erfindung wird in der Zeichnung an fünf Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Figur 1: einen schematisierten Vertikalschnitt durch den Dampferzeuger nach der Erfindung,
  • Figur 2: eine fragmentarische Ansicht der unteren Durchdringungspartie der Ueberhitzerwandrohre,
  • Figur 3: einen Schnitt nach der Linie III - III in Figur 2,
  • Figur 4: einen Horizontalschnitt durch die Rauchgaszugwand im Bereich eines Hakens nach der Linie IV - IV in Figur 5,
  • Figur 5: einen Vertikalschnitt nach der Linie V - V in Figur 4,
  • Figur 6: eine Ansicht einer oberen Durchdringung der Ueberhitzerrohre durch die Verdampferrohrwand,
  • Figur 7: einen Vertikalschnitt nach der Linie VII - VII in Figur 6,
  • Figur 8: eine Ansicht einer zweiten Ausführungsform der oberen Durchdringungspartie der Ueberhitzerrohre durch die Verdampferrohrwand und
  • Figur 9 je eine Ansicht weiterer Alternativen der oberen bis 11: Durchdringungspartie.
The invention is explained in more detail in the drawing using five exemplary embodiments. Show it:
  • FIG. 1: a schematic vertical section through the steam generator according to the invention,
  • FIG. 2: a fragmentary view of the lower penetration area of the superheater wall tubes,
  • FIG. 3: a section along the line III-III in FIG. 2,
  • FIG. 4: a horizontal section through the flue gas flue wall in the area of a hook along the line IV-IV in FIG. 5,
  • FIG. 5: a vertical section along the line V - V in FIG. 4,
  • FIG. 6: a view of an upper penetration of the superheater tubes through the evaporator tube wall,
  • FIG. 7: a vertical section along the line VII-VII in FIG. 6,
  • Figure 8 is a view of a second embodiment of the upper penetration of the superheater tubes through the evaporator tube wall and
  • Figure 9 each show a view of further alternatives to the upper 11: ringungspartie steeped.

Gemäss Figur 1 weist ein Dampferzeuger 1 eine Brennkammer 2 mit einem daran anschliessenden Rauchgaszug 3 auf, an dessen oberen Ende ein Querzug 4 angeschlossen ist. Die Brennkammer 2 und der Rauchgaszug 3 sind von vier vertikalen Wänden 6 begrenzt. Am unteren Ende der Brennkammer ist ein Trichter 7 vorgesehen, der ebenfalls aus Rohrwänden besteht. Im Bereich der vertikalen Kanten zwischen jeweils zwei benachbarten Wänden 6 sind je vier Brenner 8 angeordnet, die über Kanäle 9 mit Luft und über weitere, nicht gezeichnete Leitungen, mit Brennstoff versorgt werden.According to FIG. 1, a steam generator 1 has a combustion chamber 2 with an adjoining flue gas duct 3, at the upper end of which a transverse duct 4 is connected. The combustion chamber 2 and the flue gas duct 3 are delimited by four vertical walls 6. At the lower end of the combustion chamber, a funnel 7 is provided, which also consists of tube walls. In the area of the vertical edges between each two adjacent walls 6, four burners 8 are arranged, which are supplied with air via channels 9 and with fuel via further lines (not shown).

Die Rohrwände 6 und die Wände des Trichters 7 sind aus gasdicht verschweissten Rohren 10 gebildet, die als Verdampferheizflächen dienen. Im Rauchgaszug 3 sind Berührungsheizflächen 12, 13 und 14 aufgehängt, von denen die Heizfläche 14 aus mehreren tafelförmigen, vertikalen Schottenheizflächen gebildet sein kann. Um zu verhindern, dass die sich über den Rauchgaszug 3 erstreckenden Abschnitte der Verdampferrohrwände 6 zuviel Wärme aufnehmen, sind ihnen rauchgasseitig Ueberhitzerrohrwände 18 vorge- ' lagert. Diese vier UeberhitzerrohrwändeThe tube walls 6 and the walls of the funnel 7 are formed from gas-tight welded tubes 10, which serve as evaporator heating surfaces. In the flue gas duct 3 touch heating surfaces 12, 13 and 14 are suspended, of which the heating surface 14 can be formed from a plurality of tabular, vertical bulkhead heating surfaces. In order to prevent the extending over the flue 3 portions of the evaporator tube walls 6 absorb too much heat, are them flue gas side superheater tube walls superiors 18 supports'. These four superheater tube walls

unten mit bestehen aus einem engen Gitter vertikaler Rohre, die' ausserhalb des Rauchgaszuges angeordneten Verteilern 20 und oben mit ebenfalls ausserhalb des Rachgaszuges angeordneten Sammlern 21 verbunden sind.below with consist of a narrow grid of vertical pipes, which are 'connected to distributors 20 arranged outside the flue gas duct and above with collectors 21 also arranged outside the flue gas duct.

Die Figuren 2 bis 7 zeigen Details der Rohranordnung im Bereich des Rauchgaszuges 3. Ueber die Höhe der Brennkammer 2 sind die parallelen Verdampferrohre 10 über Stege 24 miteinanderverschweisst. An der Grenze zum Rauchgaszug 3 sind jeweils zwei benachbarte Verdampferrohre 10 über Gabelstükke 26 zu einem neuen Verdampferrohr 27 zusammengeführt. Zwischen benachbarten Verdampferrohren 27 erstrecken sich breite Stege 28, sodass die Verdampferrohre 10 und 27 mit den Stegen 24 beziehungsweise 28 zusammen dichte,sogenannte Membranwände bilden. Im untersten Zwickel der Stege 28 durchstossen Rohrbögen 30, die an Gabelstücke 31 angeschlossen sind, die Verdampferrohrwand/An den Gabelstücken 31 sind vertikale Flossenrohre 32 angeschweisst, welche die Ueberhitzerrohrwand 18 bilden. Die Flossen 33 benachbarter Flossenrohre 32 haben nur geringen Abstand a, durch den praktisch keine Wärmestrahlung auf die dahinterliegende Verdampferrohrwand fällt.FIGS. 2 to 7 show details of the pipe arrangement in the area of the flue gas duct 3. The parallel evaporator pipes 10 are welded to one another via webs 24 via the height of the combustion chamber 2. At the border to the flue gas duct 3, two adjacent evaporator tubes 10 are joined together via fork pieces 26 to form a new evaporator tube 27. Wide webs 28 extend between adjacent evaporator tubes 27, so that the evaporator tubes 10 and 27 form tight, so-called membrane walls together with the webs 24 and 28, respectively. In the bottom gusset of the webs 28, tube bends 30, which are connected to fork pieces 31, pierce the evaporator tube wall / vertical fin tubes 32 are welded onto the fork pieces 31, which form the superheater tube wall 18. The fins 33 of adjacent fin tubes 32 are only a short distance a, through which practically no heat radiation falls on the evaporator tube wall located behind them.

Die Flossenrohre 32 sind über ihre Höhe an mehreren Stellen durch Rückhaltelemente an den Stegen 28 der Verdampferrohrwand befestigt. Wie die Figuren 4 und 5 zeigen,sind zu diesem Zweck an der Rückseite der Flossenrohre 32 Haken 35 an- geschweisst, die in je einen Schlitz 36 der Stege 28 eingehängt sind. Zur Abdichtung sind die Schlitze 36 und die Haken 35 durch auf der Aussenseite der Verdampferrohrwand 6 dicht angeschweisste Kasten 40 überdeckt.The fin tubes 32 are fastened in several places over their height by retaining elements to the webs 28 of the evaporator tube wall. For this purpose, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, 32 hooks 35 are welded to the rear of the fin tubes, which are each suspended in a slot 36 in the webs 28. For sealing purposes, the slots 36 and the hooks 35 are covered by a box 40 which is tightly welded onto the outside of the evaporator tube wall 6.

Wie die Figuren 6 und 7 zeigen, münden im Bereich des obe-ren Endes der Ueberhitzerrohrwand jeweils zwei benachbarte Flossenrohre 32 in ein Gabelstück 42 ein, an das ein Rohrbogen 43 anschliesst. Dieser Rohrbogen 43 durchdringt mit seinem horizontalen Schenkel 44 ein am Steg 28 vorgesehenes Langloch 46. Zur Abdichtung sind beidseits des Steges 28 je eine inneren Abdeckzunge 48 und eine äussere Abdeckzunge 49 so am Schenkel 44 angeschweisst, dass sich dieser, unterschiedlicher Wärmedehnung der Flossenrohre 32 und der Verdampferrohre 27 folgend, im Langloch 46 verschieben kann und die Zungen dabei stets das Langloch überdecken.As FIGS. 6 and 7 show, in the area of the upper end of the superheater tube wall two adjacent fin tubes 32 each open into a fork piece 42, to which a tube elbow 43 connects. This elbow 43 penetrates with its horizontal leg 44 an elongated hole 46 provided on the web 28. For sealing purposes, an inner cover tongue 48 and an outer cover tongue 49 are welded to the leg 44 on both sides of the web 28 such that this follows different thermal expansion of the fin tubes 32 and the evaporator tubes 27 , can move in slot 46 and the tongues always cover the slot.

Die Abdeckzungen 48 und 49 gewähren keine völlige Dichtung. Es kann daher zweckmässig sein, auf der Aussenseite der Verdampferrohrwand diese über nicht gezeichnete, vertikale Verschiebungen zulassende Bälge mit den Schenkeln 44 zu verbinden.The cover tabs 48 and 49 do not provide complete sealing. It may therefore be expedient to connect the bellows to the legs 44 on the outside of the evaporator tube wall by means of bellows (not shown) which permit vertical displacements.

Die Ausführungsform nach den Figuren 2 bis 7 hat den Nachteil, dass bei ungleicher Verteilung des Dampfstromes auf zwei durch ein Gabelstück 31 miteinander verbundene Flossenrohre 32 die darin fliessenden Dampfströme sich ungleich erhitzen können, was bei der festen Verbindung durch Gabelstücke 42 zu Wärmespannungen führen kann. Dieser Nachteil wird vermieden bei einer Lösung nach Figur 8 bei der die Rohre eines jeweils von einem Gabelstück 31 ausgehenden Paares
getrennt durch untereinander angeordnete Langlöcher 46 durch die Verdampferrohrwand hindurchgeführt-werden. Die Langlöcher 46 sind auch hier mit Abdeckzungen 48 und 49 überdeckt.The embodiment according to FIGS. 2 to 7 has the disadvantage that if the steam flow is distributed unevenly over two fin tubes 32 connected to one another by a fork piece 31, the steam flows flowing therein can heat up unevenly, which can lead to thermal stresses when firmly connected by fork pieces 42. This disadvantage is avoided in the case of a solution according to FIG. 8, in which the tubes of a pair each starting from a fork piece 31
separately through elongated holes 46 arranged one below the other through the evaporator tube wall. The elongated holes 46 are also covered here with cover tongues 48 and 49.

Die Schiebedichtungen nach den Figuren 6, 7 und 8 können vermieden werden durch die Ausführungsform nach Figur 9. Die Flossenrohre 32 werden hier im Bereich ihres oberen Endes, Dehnschenkel 60 bildend, schräg abgebogen und dann mit
einem Bogen 61 durch Bohrungen in den Stegen 28 der Verdampferrohrwand hindurchgeführt. Dabei können jeweils einander benachbarte Dehnschenkel 60 in derselben. senkrecht zur Verdampferrohrwand stehenden Schrägebene verlaufen, wie in Figur 9 dargestellt, oder auch gegeneinander versetzt sein, wie Figur 10 zeigt. Die Versetzung erlaubt, dem innen liegenden Dehnschenkel eine kleinere Auskröpfung zu geben.The sliding seals according to FIGS. 6, 7 and 8 can be avoided by the embodiment according to FIG. 9. The fin tubes 32 are bent obliquely in the region of their upper end, forming expansion legs 60, and then with
an arc 61 passed through bores in the webs 28 of the evaporator tube wall. In this case, adjacent expansion legs 60 can each be in the same. Sloping plane perpendicular to the evaporator tube wall run, as shown in FIG. 9, or also against one another be offset, as Figure 10 shows. The offset allows the inner extension leg to be given a smaller offset.

Bei der Verwendung Von Dehnschenkeln sind noch verschiedene weitere Anordnungen möglich. So kann zum Beispiel, wie in Figur 11 im Gegensatz zu Figur 9 dargestellt, der andere der beiden ein Paar bildenen Schenkel nach innen ausgekröpft sein.Various other arrangements are possible when using expansion legs. For example, as shown in FIG. 11 in contrast to FIG. 9, the other of the two legs forming a pair can be cranked inwards.

Es ist empfehlenswert und im Hinblick auf die thermische Belastung der Membranwand durchaus zulässig, die Flossenrohre 32 im Bereich ihrer Dehnschenkel ohne Flossen auszubilden.It is advisable and, in view of the thermal load on the membrane wall, entirely permissible to design the fin tubes 32 in the region of their expansion legs without fins.

Claims (9)

1. Dampferzeuger mit Brennkammer und oben daran anschliessendem Rauchgaszug, deren beider Wände aus gasdicht miteinander verschweissten Verdampferrohren bestehen, wobei mindestens im Rauchgaszug die Schweissverbindung über Stege erfolgt und wobei im Rauchgaszug eine Wand aus Ueberhitzerrohren der Verdampferrohrwand vorgehängt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, - dass die Rohre der Ueberhitzerrohrwand senkrecht verlaufen und am unteren Ende der Ueberhitzerrohrwand die Wand der Verdampferrohre im Bereich der Stege durchdringen, - dass etwa auf der Höhe der Durchdringungsstellen die Verdampferrohre paarweise zusammengegabelt sind, - dass die Ueberhitzerrohre auf der Innenseite des Rauchgaszuges, unmittelbar nach dem Durchdringen der Verdampferrohrwand, auseinandergegabelt sind, - dass über die Höhe der Ueberhitzerrohrwand Rückhaltelemente vorgesehen sind, durch welche die Ueberhitzerrohre verschiebbar mit der Verdampferrohrwand verbunden sind - und dass in einem oberen Abschnitt der Ueberhitzerrohre Mittel zum Ausgleichen der unterschiedlichen Dehnung zwischen Ueberhitzer- und Verdampferrohren vorgesehen sind. 1. A steam generator with a combustion chamber and a flue gas duct adjoining it at the top, the two walls of which consist of evaporator tubes welded to one another in a gas-tight manner, the welded connection being made at least in the flue gas flue via webs and a wall of superheater tubes being hung on the wall of the evaporator tube in the flue gas duct, characterized in that that the tubes of the superheater tube wall run vertically and at the lower end of the superheater tube wall penetrate the wall of the evaporator tubes in the area of the webs, that the evaporator tubes are forked together in pairs at the level of the penetration points, that the superheater tubes on the inside of the flue gas duct are forked apart immediately after penetrating the evaporator tube wall, - That retaining elements are provided over the height of the superheater tube wall, by means of which the superheater tubes are slidably connected to the evaporator tube wall - And that means are provided in an upper section of the superheater tubes to compensate for the different expansion between superheater and evaporator tubes. 2. Dampferzeuger nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass am oberen Rand der Ueberhitzerwand deren Rohre die Verdampferrohrwand oder die Decke des Rauchgaszuges über eine Schiebedichtung durchdringen.2. Steam generator according to claim 1, characterized in that at the upper edge of the superheater wall whose tubes penetrate the evaporator tube wall or the ceiling of the flue gas flue via a sliding seal. 3. Dampferzeuger nach einem der Ansprüche 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ueberhitzerrohre der Ueberhitzerrohrwand als Flossenrohre ausgebildet sind.3. Steam generator according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the superheater tubes of the superheater tube wall are designed as fin tubes. 4. Dampferzeuger nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Rückhaltelemente als Haken ausgebildet sind, die in Schlitzen in den Stegen zwischen den Verdampferrohren eingehängt sind, und dass die Schlitze auf der Aussenseite der Verdampferrohrwand durch Kasten gasdicht überdeckt sind.4. Steam generator according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized characterized in that the retaining elements are designed as hooks which are suspended in slots in the webs between the evaporator tubes and that the slots on the outside of the evaporator tube wall are covered gas-tight by a box. 5. Dampferzeuger nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ueberhitzerrohre am oberen Ende der Ueberhitzerrohrwand die Verdampferrohrwand im Bereich der Stege durchdringen, dass die Stege zu diesem Zweck je eine Längsnut aufweisen und dass an jedem der Ueberhitzerrohre zwei Abdeckzungen im Abstand der Stegdicke angeschweisst sind, welche den Schlitz im Steg überdecken und das Ueberhitzerrohr führen.5. Steam generator according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the superheater tubes at the upper end of the superheater tube wall penetrate the evaporator tube wall in the area of the webs, that the webs each have a longitudinal groove for this purpose and that on each of the superheater tubes two cover tongues at a distance of the web thickness are welded on, which cover the slot in the web and guide the superheater tube. 6. Dampferzeuger nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ueberhitzerrohre am oberen Rand der Ueberhitzerrohrwand paarweise zusammmengegabelt sind, bevor sie die Verdampferrohrwand durchdringen.6. Steam generator according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the superheater tubes are forked together in pairs at the upper edge of the superheater tube wall before they penetrate the evaporator tube wall. 7. Dampferzeuger nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ueberhitzerrohre im Bereich des oberen Randes der Ueberhitzerrohrwand die Verdampferrohrwand abwechlungsweise auf zwei unterschiedlichen Höhenstufen durchdringen.7. Steam generator according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the superheater tubes penetrate the evaporator tube wall alternately at two different height levels in the region of the upper edge of the superheater tube wall. 8. Dampferzeuger nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Durchdringungsstellen im Bereich des oberen Randes der Ueberhitzerrohrwand durch zusätzliche auf der Aussenseite der Verdampferrohrwand angeordnete Balgdichtungen gasdicht gemacht sind.8. Steam generator according to one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that the penetration points in the region of the upper edge of the superheater tube wall are made gastight by additional bellows seals arranged on the outside of the evaporator tube wall. 9. Dampferzeuger nach einem der Ansprüche 1, 3, 4, 6 und 7 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ueberhitzerrohre mit geneigt verlaufenden Dehnschenkeln versehen sind.9. Steam generator according to one of claims 1, 3, 4, 6 and 7, characterized in that the superheater tubes are provided with inclined expansion legs.
EP81108053A 1981-09-15 1981-10-08 Steam generator with a superheater tubular wall Expired EP0075041B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH594381 1981-09-15
CH5943/81 1981-09-15

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EP0075041B1 EP0075041B1 (en) 1986-03-05

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US (1) US4418652A (en)
EP (1) EP0075041B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS5869301A (en)
CA (1) CA1186577A (en)
DE (1) DE3173990D1 (en)
FI (1) FI70315C (en)

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US6178924B1 (en) 1996-12-19 2001-01-30 Kvaerner Pulping Oy Method for upgrading a boiler
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5869301A (en) 1983-04-25
FI822754A0 (en) 1982-08-06
CA1186577A (en) 1985-05-07
US4418652A (en) 1983-12-06
FI70315B (en) 1986-02-28
DE3173990D1 (en) 1986-04-10
EP0075041B1 (en) 1986-03-05
FI70315C (en) 1986-09-15
FI822754L (en) 1983-03-16

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