EP0073214A1 - Self stable trimaran. - Google Patents
Self stable trimaran.Info
- Publication number
- EP0073214A1 EP0073214A1 EP82900639A EP82900639A EP0073214A1 EP 0073214 A1 EP0073214 A1 EP 0073214A1 EP 82900639 A EP82900639 A EP 82900639A EP 82900639 A EP82900639 A EP 82900639A EP 0073214 A1 EP0073214 A1 EP 0073214A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- axis
- rotation
- float
- stop
- trimaran
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
- B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
- B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
- B63B1/14—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected resiliently or having means for actively varying hull shape or configuration
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
- B63C7/00—Salvaging of disabled, stranded, or sunken vessels; Salvaging of vessel parts or furnishings, e.g. of safes; Salvaging of other underwater objects
- B63C7/003—Righting capsized vessels, e.g. sailing vessels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
- B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
- B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
- B63B1/14—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected resiliently or having means for actively varying hull shape or configuration
- B63B2001/145—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected resiliently or having means for actively varying hull shape or configuration having means for actively varying hull shape or configuration
Definitions
- the present invention relates to sailing ships of the trimaran type, making it possible to obtain whatever its position, its automatic return to a stable equilibrium, corresponding to its normal navigation position.
- the central hull is provided with two lateral floats with constant volumes which are submersible or unsinkable. These three elements are connected by beams which very often have large and constant volumes.
- the assemblies are rigid or flexible, or else with very little deflection and the mast has a unique function which is to carry the wing.
- Such designs in navigation result in permanent torsional forces and in the risk of charging the float or the central hull, because the waves cannot undoubtedly solicit them at the same time.
- this type of ship has its stability curve which decreases, to tend towards a second stable equilibrium, obtained when the ship is upside down because conceptual means maintain the axis of symmetry necessary for navigation, and the mass of the mast works like a ballast. It is therefore impossible for him to find his initial navigation position alone.
- the trimaran according to the invention makes it possible to avoid these drawbacks. It is characterized by the association with the airfoil and the floats, of means forming waterproof submersible volumes, creating a potential energy which can move by a rotational movement to create a break in symmetry.
- Each float is submersible and has a variable volumetric displacement made up of a main tight volume located at the bow, a minimum secondary tight volume between the bottom of the hull and the floor, a hollow volume that can be filled by openings at deck level, a speed trap located towards the stern, the base of which corresponds to the level of the floor.
- the float is secured to the link arms whose volumes are as small as possible, by a cylindrical axis allowing only freedom in rotation, comprised between two stops so that it can vary between an approximately horizontal position and an approximately vertical position.
- the two stops are obtained by the link arms, limiting the rotation of the float which can be carried out freely in both directions, while having a means for ensuring an upward rotation, to obtain the vertical position against the stop. .
- This axis of rotation is located near the center of the hull thrust, where the attitude obtained in navigation is included in the travel.
- the mast and the floats are placed so that the vessel, during a righting, rotates around the longitudinal volumes of the central hull containing, largely the results due to the weight of the different elements, as well as the axis of rotation located in the plane of symmetry, this axis must remain as parallel as possible to the surface of the water.
- the position of the floats relative to the surface of the water is such that it can roll on one side.
- these are non-deformable boxes offering permanent volumes acting immediately, or they are envelopes which can be deformed by inflation under pressure, or else it is a combination between the undeformable and deformable volumes.
- the device according to the invention allows the ship, whatever its position, to find a single stable equilibrium, corresponding to its normal navigation position; but also to reduce the risks of capsizing, because the central hull and the leeward float sail side by side, each reacting to their own waves, removing the torsional stresses, and the charging of the float.
- Plate 1/4 is a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment, supplemented by Plate 2/4 giving in Figure 2 the design details of a float in three views where the front view is in section, then in Figure 3 the two positions obtained when it is in abutment (1) corresponding to an approximately horizontal position and in abutment (2) giving an approximately vertical position.
- the two important phases of operation are shown on board 3/4; in FIG. 4 when the ship is upside down and in FIG. 5 when it is lying on the water, the float having made its rotation; only the forces necessary for understanding the operation are shown.
- Plate 4/4 is the schematic drawing seen in perspective, where the elements are represented by tubes, the hatched volumes characterizing the essential tight volumes.
- the ship has a rotating mast (3) resting on the central hull (6) which contains the axis (ZZ ') of rotation of the ship; the floats (4) and (5) each have an axis of rotation (XX ') which makes them integral with the connecting beams with a pyramidal tubular structure giving minimum volumes.
- a float represents a maximum volume of hull which is submersible, determining a maximum stability under sail, it is composed of a main tight volume whose center of thrust is (G1) of a secondary volume whose center of thrust is ( G2), of a hopper located at (7), of a fillable volume (8) through the bridge openings (9), the non-symmetry of the axis of rotation (XX ') is defined by an angle acute ( ⁇ ) formed between the axis (XX ') and a straight line parallel to (WW'), contained in the plane (M) which is perpendicular to the plane (S) of the water surface and to the plane of symmetry (K) containing the axis (ZZ ').
- the waterline of the central hull (6) are such that the ship can roll on one side around its axis (ZZ ') which remains as parallel as possible to the surface of the water, when the means for righting act .
- the force translates the result concerning the mass of the ship applied to the central hull (6).
- the mast (6) develops its potential energy, translated in figure 4 of the board 3/4 by force exercised at a depth (P) with a lever arm (L3) allowing the start of rotation by immersing the float (5) and the link arms which oppose a potential energy translated by force, (with a lever arm (L5).
- the volume variation of the float (5) is made when the water fills the volume (8) through the bridge openings (9) by expelling the air by the emptier (7).
- the end of the first phase is carried out when the head of the mast (3) is in contact with the water.
- the transient phase concerns the automatic rotation of the float (5) towards the stop (2) to perform an arbitrary angular rotation ( ⁇ ).
- ⁇ arbitrary angular rotation
- the second phase begins, it is represented on the board 3/4 in figure 5.
- the front volume can thus develop its potential energy, translated by the force exerted at a depth (P) with an arm of lever (L5) s Opposed to the total mass of the mast (3) which provides work, translated by force with a lever arm (L3).
- the device which is the subject of the invention can be used very particularly for sailing ships of the trimaran type, responding to any form of navigation. It is applicable for offshore or coastal cruise ships, beach or racing machines, carrier plane or hydrofoil vessels.
Abstract
Navires a voile du type trimaran, permettant d'obtenir quelle que soit sa position, un seul equilibre stable correspondant a sa position normale de navigation. Il comprend des volumes etanches immergeables associes au mat (3) et aux flotteurs (4) et (5). Chaque flotteur a un volume creux (8) remplissable par les ouvertures (9) et evacuables par le vide-vite (7), a un volume principal etanche en avant de l'axe (XX') formant un angle aigu de valeur arbitraire ((Alpha)) contenu dans le plan (M), cet axe permettant uniquement un debattement angulaire en rotation libre dans les deux sens d'une valeur arbitraire ((Alpha)), variant entre une position a peu pres horizontale ou l'axe (YY') est parallele a l'axe (ZZ') contenu dans le plan de symetrie (K) et une position environ verticale obtenue automatiquement pour un redressage lateral. Quand le navire est a l'envers, la zone de roulis (47) permet le redressement autour de l'axe (77) restant le plus parallele possible a la surface de l'eau. Les applications les plus interessantes de l'invention concernent les navires de croisiere hauturiere ou cotiere, les engings de plage ou de course, les navires a plan porteur ou a hydrofoils.Sailing vessels of the trimaran type, making it possible to obtain, whatever its position, a single stable equilibrium corresponding to its normal navigation position. It includes submersible sealed volumes associated with the mast (3) and the floats (4) and (5). Each float has a hollow volume (8) which can be filled through the openings (9) and evacuated by the vacuum (7), has a sealed main volume in front of the axis (XX ') forming an acute angle of arbitrary value ( (Alpha)) contained in the plane (M), this axis allowing only an angular displacement in free rotation in both directions of an arbitrary value ((Alpha)), varying between a more or less horizontal position or the axis ( YY ') is parallel to the axis (ZZ') contained in the plane of symmetry (K) and an approximately vertical position obtained automatically for lateral straightening. When the vessel is upside down, the roll zone (47) allows recovery around the axis (77) remaining as parallel as possible to the surface of the water. The most interesting applications of the invention relate to deep-sea or coastal cruise ships, beach or racing gear, carrier or hydrofoil vessels.
Description
TRIMARAN AUTO STABLE AUTO STABLE TRIMARAN
La présente invention concerne les navires à voile du type trimaran, permettant d'obtenir quelque soit sa position, son retour automatique vers un équilibre stable, correspondant à sa position normale de navigation.The present invention relates to sailing ships of the trimaran type, making it possible to obtain whatever its position, its automatic return to a stable equilibrium, corresponding to its normal navigation position.
Dans les conceptions connues de ce genre, la coque centrale est munie de deux flotteurs latéraux à volumes constants qui sont submersibles ou insubmersibles. Ces trois éléments sont reliés par des poutres qui ont très souvent des volumes importants et constants. En général les assemblages sont rigides ou souples, ou encore à très faible dêbattement et la mâture a une fonction unique qui est de porter ' la voilure. De telles conceptions en navigation se traduisent par des efforts de torsion permanents et par des risques d'enfournement du flotteur ou de la coque centrale, car les vagues ne peuvent par indéniablement les solliciter en même temps. On sait aussi que ce type de navire a sa courbe de stabilité qui décroît, pour tendre vers un second équilibre stable, obtenu quand le navire est à l'envers car des moyens conceptifs conservent l'axe de symétrie nécessaire à la navigation, et la masse de la mâture travaille comme un lest. Il lui est donc impossible de retrouver seul sa position initiale de navigation.In known designs of this kind, the central hull is provided with two lateral floats with constant volumes which are submersible or unsinkable. These three elements are connected by beams which very often have large and constant volumes. In general, the assemblies are rigid or flexible, or else with very little deflection and the mast has a unique function which is to carry the wing. Such designs in navigation result in permanent torsional forces and in the risk of charging the float or the central hull, because the waves cannot undoubtedly solicit them at the same time. We also know that this type of ship has its stability curve which decreases, to tend towards a second stable equilibrium, obtained when the ship is upside down because conceptual means maintain the axis of symmetry necessary for navigation, and the mass of the mast works like a ballast. It is therefore impossible for him to find his initial navigation position alone.
Le trimaran selon l'invention permet d'éviter ces inconvénients. Il est caractérisé par l'association â la voilure et aux flotteurs, de moyens formant des volumes étanches immergeables, créant une énergie potentielle pouvant se déplacer par un mouvement de rotation pour créer une rupture de symétrie. Chaque flotteur est submersible et a un déplacement volumétrique variable constitué, d'un volume étanche principal situé au niveau de la proue, d'un volume étanche secondaire minimum compris entre le fond de la carène et le plancher, d'un volume creux remplissable par des ouvertures au niveau du pont, d'un vide-vite situé vers la poupe dont la base correspond au niveau du plancher. Le flotteur est solidaire des bras de liaison dont les volumes sont les plus faibles possible, par un axe cylindrique permettant uniquement une liberté en rotation, comprise entre deux butées pour qu'il puisse varier entre une position approximativement horizontale et une position environ verticale. Les deux butées sont obtenues par les bras de liaison, limitant la rotation du flotteur qui peut s'effectuer librement dans les deux sens, tout en disposant d'un moyen pour assurer une rotation vers le haut, pour obtenir la position verticale contre la butée. Cet axe de rotation est situé proche du centre de poussée de carène, où l'assiette obtenue en navigation est comprise dans le débattement.
La mâture et les flotteurs sont placés de façon à ce que le navire lors d'un redressement, effectue sa rotation autour des volumes longitudinaux de la coque centrale contenant, en grande partie les résultantes dues au poids des différents éléments, ainsi que l'axe de rotation situé dans le plan de symétrie, cet axe devant rester le plus parallèle possible à la surface de l'eau. lorsque le navire est à l'envers, la position des flotteurs par rapport à la surface de l'eau est tel qu'il peut rouler sur un côté.The trimaran according to the invention makes it possible to avoid these drawbacks. It is characterized by the association with the airfoil and the floats, of means forming waterproof submersible volumes, creating a potential energy which can move by a rotational movement to create a break in symmetry. Each float is submersible and has a variable volumetric displacement made up of a main tight volume located at the bow, a minimum secondary tight volume between the bottom of the hull and the floor, a hollow volume that can be filled by openings at deck level, a speed trap located towards the stern, the base of which corresponds to the level of the floor. The float is secured to the link arms whose volumes are as small as possible, by a cylindrical axis allowing only freedom in rotation, comprised between two stops so that it can vary between an approximately horizontal position and an approximately vertical position. The two stops are obtained by the link arms, limiting the rotation of the float which can be carried out freely in both directions, while having a means for ensuring an upward rotation, to obtain the vertical position against the stop. . This axis of rotation is located near the center of the hull thrust, where the attitude obtained in navigation is included in the travel. The mast and the floats are placed so that the vessel, during a righting, rotates around the longitudinal volumes of the central hull containing, largely the results due to the weight of the different elements, as well as the axis of rotation located in the plane of symmetry, this axis must remain as parallel as possible to the surface of the water. when the vessel is upside down, the position of the floats relative to the surface of the water is such that it can roll on one side.
Selon une suite de variante, concernant les volumes étanches ; ce sont des caissons indéformables offrant des volumes permanents agissant immédiatement, ou ce sont des enveloppes dëformables par gonflage sous pression, ou encore c'est une combinaison entre les volumes indéformables et dëformables.According to a series of variants, concerning the sealed volumes; these are non-deformable boxes offering permanent volumes acting immediately, or they are envelopes which can be deformed by inflation under pressure, or else it is a combination between the undeformable and deformable volumes.
Selon une suite de variante, concernant la rotation du flotteur vers le haut lorsque le navire est couché sur l'eau, est obtenue par automatisme dû à la non symétrie de son axe de rotation qui dans un premier cas forme un angle aigu avec une droite parallèle à la surface de l'eau, cet angle étant contenu dans un plan vertical, perpendiculaire à l'axe de rotation du navire, afin que la proue du flotteur se rapproche du plan de symétrie du navire et de la surface de l'eau, qui dans un deuxième cas forme un angle aigu avec une droite perpendiculaire à l'axe de rotation du navire, cet angle étant contenu dans un plan horizontal parallèle à la surface de l'eau, afin que la proue du flotteur se rapproche du plan de symétrie et de la surface de l'eau, dans ces deux cas l'axe longitudinal du flotteur est parallèle à l'axe de rotation du navire ou pince légèrement ; ou par un système de relevage commandé par l'équipage, donnant un libre choix à l'orientation, de l'axe de rotation du flotteur. Pour des raisons de sécurité il est possible aussi d'accumuler les moyens en utilisant un relevage automatique et un relevage commandé.According to a variant, concerning the rotation of the float upwards when the ship is lying on the water, is obtained by automatism due to the non-symmetry of its axis of rotation which in the first case forms an acute angle with a straight line parallel to the surface of the water, this angle being contained in a vertical plane, perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the vessel, so that the bow of the float approaches the plane of symmetry of the vessel and the surface of the water , which in a second case forms an acute angle with a straight line perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the vessel, this angle being contained in a horizontal plane parallel to the surface of the water, so that the bow of the float approaches the plane symmetry and the surface of the water, in these two cases the longitudinal axis of the float is parallel to the axis of rotation of the ship or slightly pinches; or by a lifting system controlled by the crew, giving free choice to the orientation, of the axis of rotation of the float. For security reasons, it is also possible to accumulate resources by using an automatic lift and a controlled lift.
Le dispositif selon l'invention permet au navire, quelle que soit sa position de retrouver un seul équilibre stable, correspondant à sa position normale de navigation ; mais aussi de diminuer les risques de chavirage, car la coque centrale et le flotteur sous le vent naviguent côte à côte, en réagissant chacun à leurs propres vagues, faisant disparaître les contraintes en torsion, et l'enfournement du flotteur.The device according to the invention allows the ship, whatever its position, to find a single stable equilibrium, corresponding to its normal navigation position; but also to reduce the risks of capsizing, because the central hull and the leeward float sail side by side, each reacting to their own waves, removing the torsional stresses, and the charging of the float.
Les dessins annexés sont tracés dans le cas où les volumes étanches sont indéformables, dans le cas où la rotation du flotteur est automatique par l'angle aigu que forme l'axe de rotation contenu dans un plan
vertical. La planche 1/4 est une vue en perspective d'un exemple de réalisation, complétée par la planche 2/4 donnant en figure 2 les détails de conception d'un flotteur suivant trois vues où la vue de face est en coupe, puis en figure 3 les deux positions obtenues quand il est en butée (1) correspondant â une position approximativement horizontale et en butée (2) donnant une position environ verticale. Les deux phases importantes du fonctionnement sont représentées sur la planche 3/4 ; en figure 4 quand le navire est â l'envers et en figure 5 quand il est couché sur l'eau, le flotteur ayant effecuté sa rotation ; seules les forces nécessaires â la compréhension du fonctionnement sont représentées. La planche 4/4 est .le dessin schématique vu en perspective, où les éléments sont représentés par des tubes, les volumes hachurés caractérisant les volumes étanches essentiels.The attached drawings are drawn in the case where the sealed volumes are non-deformable, in the case where the rotation of the float is automatic by the acute angle formed by the axis of rotation contained in a plane vertical. Plate 1/4 is a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment, supplemented by Plate 2/4 giving in Figure 2 the design details of a float in three views where the front view is in section, then in Figure 3 the two positions obtained when it is in abutment (1) corresponding to an approximately horizontal position and in abutment (2) giving an approximately vertical position. The two important phases of operation are shown on board 3/4; in FIG. 4 when the ship is upside down and in FIG. 5 when it is lying on the water, the float having made its rotation; only the forces necessary for understanding the operation are shown. Plate 4/4 is the schematic drawing seen in perspective, where the elements are represented by tubes, the hatched volumes characterizing the essential tight volumes.
Tel qu'il est représenté sur les planches 1/4 et 2/4, le navire comporte un mât tournant (3) en appui sur la coque centrale (6) qui contient l'axe (ZZ') de rotation du navire ; les flotteurs (4) et (5) ont chacun un axe de rotation (XX') qui les rend solidaires aux poutres de liaison à structure tubulaire pyramidale donnant des volumes minimum. Un flotteur représente un volume maximum de carène qui est submersible, déterminant une stabilité sous voile maximum, il est composé, d'un volume étanche principal dont le centre de poussée est (G1) d'un volume secondaire dont le centre de poussé est (G2), d'un vide-vite situé en (7), d'un volume remplissable (8) par les ouvertures de pont (9), la non symétrie de l'axe de rotation (XX') est définie par un angle aigu (α) formé entre l'axe (XX') et une droite parallèle à (WW'), contenu dans le plan (M) qui est perpendiculaire au plan (S) de la surface de l'eau et au plan de symétrie (K) contenant l'axe (ZZ'). En navigation, l'assiette théorique du flotteur sous le vent, a son centre de poussée en, (G) situé dans le plan (M) où est contenu l'axe (XX'). Quand le flotteur est en appui sur la butée (1), son axe longitudinal (YY') est parallèle à l'axe (ZZ'), son centre de poussée est en (G'). Cette position est obtenue dans un premier cas lorsque le flotteur n'est pas sollicité, soit dans un deuxième cas, lorsque le navire a effectué un chavirage complet. Le positionnement des volumes étanches de chaque flotteur, par rapport a la nouvelle. ligne de flottaison de la coque centrale (6), sont tels que le navire peut rouler sur un côté autour de son axe (ZZ') qui reste le plus parallèle possible à la surface de l'eau, quand les moyens pour le redressement agissent. La force traduit la résultante concernant
la masse du navire appliquée au niveau de la coque centrale (6) . Dans le début de la première phase le mât (6) développe son énergie potentielle, traduite en figure 4 de la planche 3/4 par la force
exercée à une profondeur (P) avec un bras de levier (L3) permettant le début de rotation en immergeant le flotteur (5) et les bras de liaison qui opposent une énergie potentielle traduite pa,r la force ( avec un bras de levier
(L5). La variation de volume du flotteur (5) se fait quand l'eau remplit le volume (8) par les ouvertures de pont (9) en chassant l'air par le vide-vite (7). La fin de la première phase est réalisée quand, la tête du mât (3) est en appui sur l'eau. La phase transitoire concerne la rotation automatique du flotteur (5) vers la butée (2) pour effectuer une rotation angulaire arbitraire (θ). Quand le flotteur est en appui sur la butée (2), la deuxième phase débute, elle est représentée sur la planche 3/4 en figure 5. Le volume avant, peut ainsi développer son énergie potentielle, traduite par la force exercée â une profondeur (P) avec un bras de
levier (L5) s Opposantà la masse totale du mât (3) qui fournit un travail, traduit par la force avec un bras de levier (L3). Lorsque le volume
avant du flotteur émerge progressivement, il effectue une rotation vers la butée (1), évacuant en même temps l'eau contenue dans le volume (8) par les ouvertures de pont (9), le vide-vite (7) et le voluee secondaire (G2) contribuant aussi au retour à une assiette approximativement horizontale du flotteur. Le navire a ainsi retrouvé sa position normale de navigation.As shown on the boards 1/4 and 2/4, the ship has a rotating mast (3) resting on the central hull (6) which contains the axis (ZZ ') of rotation of the ship; the floats (4) and (5) each have an axis of rotation (XX ') which makes them integral with the connecting beams with a pyramidal tubular structure giving minimum volumes. A float represents a maximum volume of hull which is submersible, determining a maximum stability under sail, it is composed of a main tight volume whose center of thrust is (G1) of a secondary volume whose center of thrust is ( G2), of a hopper located at (7), of a fillable volume (8) through the bridge openings (9), the non-symmetry of the axis of rotation (XX ') is defined by an angle acute (α) formed between the axis (XX ') and a straight line parallel to (WW'), contained in the plane (M) which is perpendicular to the plane (S) of the water surface and to the plane of symmetry (K) containing the axis (ZZ '). In navigation, the theoretical attitude of the leeward float has its center of thrust in, (G) located in the plane (M) where the axis (XX ') is contained. When the float is in abutment on the stop (1), its longitudinal axis (YY ') is parallel to the axis (ZZ'), its center of thrust is in (G '). This position is obtained in a first case when the float is not stressed, or in a second case, when the ship has capsized completely. The positioning of the sealed volumes of each float, compared to the new one. waterline of the central hull (6), are such that the ship can roll on one side around its axis (ZZ ') which remains as parallel as possible to the surface of the water, when the means for righting act . The force translates the result concerning the mass of the ship applied to the central hull (6). In the beginning of the first phase the mast (6) develops its potential energy, translated in figure 4 of the board 3/4 by force exercised at a depth (P) with a lever arm (L3) allowing the start of rotation by immersing the float (5) and the link arms which oppose a potential energy translated by force, (with a lever arm (L5). The volume variation of the float (5) is made when the water fills the volume (8) through the bridge openings (9) by expelling the air by the emptier (7). The end of the first phase is carried out when the head of the mast (3) is in contact with the water. The transient phase concerns the automatic rotation of the float (5) towards the stop (2) to perform an arbitrary angular rotation (θ). When the float is in abutment on the stop (2), the second phase begins, it is represented on the board 3/4 in figure 5. The front volume, can thus develop its potential energy, translated by the force exerted at a depth (P) with an arm of lever (L5) s Opposed to the total mass of the mast (3) which provides work, translated by force with a lever arm (L3). When the volume before the float gradually emerges, it rotates towards the stop (1), simultaneously evacuating the water contained in the volume (8) through the bridge openings (9), the emptier (7) and the volue secondary (G2) also contributing to the return to an approximately horizontal attitude of the float. The vessel thus returned to its normal navigation position.
Le dispositif objet de l'invention est utilisable tout particulièrement pour les navires à voiles de type trimaran, répondant à toute forme de navigation. Il est applicable pour les navires de croisières hautturières ou côtières, les engins de plage ou de course, les navires à plan porteur ou a hydrofoils.
The device which is the subject of the invention can be used very particularly for sailing ships of the trimaran type, responding to any form of navigation. It is applicable for offshore or coastal cruise ships, beach or racing machines, carrier plane or hydrofoil vessels.
Claims
1. Trimaran caractérisé par l'association au mât (3) et aux flotteurs (4) et .(5) de moyens qui forment des volumes étanches immergeables. Chaque flotteurs a un axe de rotation (XX') situé au niveau du centre de poussée de carène, permettant uniquement un débattement angulaire compris entre une butée (1) où il est en position approximativement horizontale et une butée (2) où il est en position environ verticale ; il comporte un moyen pour assurer une rotation vers la butée (2) quand le navire est couché sur l'eau et sa mise en appui ; il est constitue d'un volume principal étanche (G1) situé en avant de l'axe de rotation (XX'), d'un volume secondaire (G2) compris entre le fond de la carène et le plancher, d'un volume creux (8) remplissable par les ouvertures de pont (9) et vidable par un vide-vite (7) situé vers la poupe.1. Trimaran characterized by the association with the mast (3) and the floats (4) and. (5) of means which form watertight submersible volumes. Each float has an axis of rotation (XX ') located at the level of the center of the hull thrust, allowing only an angular clearance comprised between a stop (1) where it is in approximately horizontal position and a stop (2) where it is in approximately vertical position; it comprises means for ensuring a rotation towards the stop (2) when the ship is lying on the water and its abutment; it consists of a main sealed volume (G1) located in front of the axis of rotation (XX '), a secondary volume (G2) between the bottom of the hull and the floor, a hollow volume (8) can be filled through the deck openings (9) and emptied by a speed dump (7) located towards the stern.
2. Trimaran selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le moyen de former des volumes étanches, sont des caissons indéformables.2. Trimaran according to claim 1, characterized in that the means for forming sealed volumes are non-deformable boxes.
3. Trimaran selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le moyen de former des volumes étanches, sont des enveloppes dëformables par gonflage sous pression.3. Trimaran according to claim 1, characterized in that the means for forming leaktight volumes are envelopes deformable by inflation under pressure.
4. Trimaran selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le moyen d'obtenir la rotation du flotteur vers la butée (2) et sa mise en appui, est la non symétrie de l'axe (XX') afin que la proue se rapproche du plan de symétrie (K) .4. Trimaran according to claim 1, characterized in that the means of obtaining the rotation of the float towards the stop (2) and its bearing, is the non-symmetry of the axis (XX ') so that the bow is approximates the plane of symmetry (K).
5. Trimaran selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le moyen d'obtenir la rotation du flotteur vers la butée (1) et sa mise en appui, est un relevage mécanique. 5. Trimaran according to claim 1, characterized in that the means of obtaining the rotation of the float towards the stop (1) and its bearing, is a mechanical lifting.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8103915A FR2500804A1 (en) | 1981-02-27 | 1981-02-27 | TRIMARAN SELF-STABLE |
| FR8103915 | 1981-02-27 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0073214A1 true EP0073214A1 (en) | 1983-03-09 |
| EP0073214B1 EP0073214B1 (en) | 1985-01-23 |
Family
ID=9255682
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP82900639A Expired EP0073214B1 (en) | 1981-02-27 | 1982-03-01 | Self stable trimaran |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4562785A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0073214B1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2500804A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1982002865A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU588632B2 (en) * | 1985-09-16 | 1989-09-21 | Bruce Arthur Wallach | Trimarans with adjustable outriggers |
| FR2603550B1 (en) * | 1986-09-08 | 1991-04-05 | Mourgue Pascal | LIGHT STEERING SAILBOAT WITH SLIDING DEVICE FOR TRANSVERSAL BALANCE CONTROL |
| US4905620A (en) * | 1987-09-30 | 1990-03-06 | Cky, Inc. | Watertight mast for sailing vessel |
| CA1293757C (en) * | 1988-02-09 | 1991-12-31 | Bronislaw Kadela | All terrain off road vehicle |
| US5540170A (en) * | 1994-08-17 | 1996-07-30 | Purdy; Peter K. | Multi-hull marine vessel with retractable outer hulls |
| US6000355A (en) * | 1998-07-27 | 1999-12-14 | Hall; Thomas R. | Stabilized watercraft |
| US6960047B2 (en) * | 2002-08-02 | 2005-11-01 | Innovative Technology Application, Inc. | Protection barrier apparatus |
| FR2858593B1 (en) * | 2003-08-05 | 2005-09-30 | Francois Riche | TRIMARAN AUTO RETRACTABLE SAILBOAT |
| US20060216116A1 (en) * | 2005-03-22 | 2006-09-28 | Innovation Technology Application, Inc. | Floating protection barrier gate |
| AU2009279385A1 (en) * | 2008-08-08 | 2010-02-11 | Proteus Wave Power Pty Ltd | Wave-powered energy generation apparatus |
| US11655008B2 (en) | 2018-04-17 | 2023-05-23 | Open Ocean Robotics Inc. | Self-righting trimaran |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2175335A6 (en) * | 1972-03-10 | 1973-10-19 | Piat Marchand Michel | |
| US4102287A (en) * | 1977-04-05 | 1978-07-25 | Ferris Hamilton Y | Catamaran with swingable mast and hulls |
| DE2727074A1 (en) * | 1977-06-13 | 1978-12-21 | Guenter Ullrich | DEVICE FOR EASILY RE-UPRIGHTING A POSTED CRUISE CATAMARAN |
| US4117795A (en) * | 1977-06-17 | 1978-10-03 | Carlos Santiago Ruiz | Multi-hull self rescuing system |
| US4159006A (en) * | 1977-06-27 | 1979-06-26 | Thurston John W | Multihull vessels |
| CH628581A5 (en) * | 1978-04-24 | 1982-03-15 | Klaus Brauch | Catamaran |
| CH637889A5 (en) * | 1980-11-24 | 1983-08-31 | Roger De Weck | SELF-RECTIFIING MULTIHULL. |
-
1981
- 1981-02-27 FR FR8103915A patent/FR2500804A1/en active Granted
-
1982
- 1982-03-01 WO PCT/FR1982/000035 patent/WO1982002865A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1982-03-01 US US06/438,900 patent/US4562785A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1982-03-01 EP EP82900639A patent/EP0073214B1/en not_active Expired
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO8202865A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US4562785A (en) | 1986-01-07 |
| EP0073214B1 (en) | 1985-01-23 |
| FR2500804B1 (en) | 1984-12-28 |
| FR2500804A1 (en) | 1982-09-03 |
| WO1982002865A1 (en) | 1982-09-02 |
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