EP0070701A1 - Feuerfeste Unterlage für den menschlichen Körper - Google Patents

Feuerfeste Unterlage für den menschlichen Körper Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0070701A1
EP0070701A1 EP82303737A EP82303737A EP0070701A1 EP 0070701 A1 EP0070701 A1 EP 0070701A1 EP 82303737 A EP82303737 A EP 82303737A EP 82303737 A EP82303737 A EP 82303737A EP 0070701 A1 EP0070701 A1 EP 0070701A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cover
support
fabric
block
per cent
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP82303737A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0070701B1 (de
Inventor
John Tracey Scales
Anthony Gerald Poole
David Wilson
Anthony John Middleton
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Slumberland PLC
Original Assignee
Courtaulds PLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Courtaulds PLC filed Critical Courtaulds PLC
Publication of EP0070701A1 publication Critical patent/EP0070701A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0070701B1 publication Critical patent/EP0070701B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C31/00—Details or accessories for chairs, beds, or the like, not provided for in other groups of this subclass, e.g. upholstery fasteners, mattress protectors, stretching devices for mattress nets
    • A47C31/001—Fireproof means

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a support for the human body or a part thereof.
  • Mattresses and similar supports for the human body such as cushions and pillows should desirably have good resistance to fire and this is especially the case with such supports used in public institutions, for example hospitals, where the danger arising from outbreak of fire is considerable.
  • a resilient supporting block such as a block of foam in a cover of fire resistant woven cotton fabric is likely to produce a support which is uncomfortable in use and the present invention is the result of development work carried out to discover a support construction which will provide a sufficiently high degree of comfort and a satisfactorily high resistance to fire.
  • a resilient support for the human body, or a part of the human body comprises a resilient block closely enclosed by a fire resistant cover rendering the support fire resistant, wherein at least that part of the cover intended to lie between the resilient block and a human being is of stretch material able to conform to the adjacent surface of the block when the support is subjected, in use, to . deformation by a human being.
  • the resilient support with which this specification is concerned may be a mattress or a part of a mattress, such as a "biscuit" used to make up a bed, for example in a caravan, together with other similar biscuits. It may also, for example, be a cushion constituting part of the base or back or side of a chair or settee, or a scatter cushion or pillow.
  • the stretch cover In order to conform to the surface of the support, when the support is supporting a human being, the stretch cover must stretch sufficiently so as not to bridge depressions created in the support but must adapt itself to follow closely the contour of ridges and valleys produced in the support. The fabric must recover sufficiently after extension so as to avoid forming creases or rucks after the support has returned to its undistorted state.
  • the resilient nature of the cover ensures that it closely follows deformations produced in the upper surface of the mattress by the user's body, thereby preventing the localised increase in pressure on the user's body which can occur when less resilient covers are used on a mattress.
  • the resilient nature of the cover has been found to reduce the incidence of bed sores.
  • the fire resistance of a cover used in the support, or a fabric used in making the cover is such that the cover or fabric, after one wash in water at 71°C, will fulfil the requirements (omitting the cleansing procedure) of Type C'performance when tested according to Part 2 of British Standard No. 5867.
  • the stretch cover is made from a material which has an extension of at least 20 per cent in the width direction and at least 10 per cent in the length direction measured on a Fryma Extensiometer according to British Standard No. 4294 using a load of 3 kg.
  • the stretch cover used in a support according to the invention has an extension of not less than 30 per cent in the width direction and not less than 15 per cent in the length direction when tested under the conditions just mentioned.
  • the width extension may be 35 per cent or above.
  • the fabric need not contain elastomeric yarn.
  • the support will score a "pass" in the flammability test set out below comprising a modification of PSA Fire Retardant Specification No. 4 (as amended April 1978) of the Steering Committee on Flammability of the Department of the Environment, when using ignition sources also described below which are ignition sources (4) and (0) as set out in PSA Fire Retardant Specification No. 10 dated September 1976 and amended April 1978.
  • the flammability tests may be carried out on a test piece smaller than the normal article but it is believed that if a small test piece fulfils a test set out below, then the corresponding full size article is likely to be sufficiently flame resistant.
  • the stretch cover may be made from a fabric incorporating a flat polyamide yarn and a cellulosic yarn, the fabric being weft-knitted in a single jersey structure so as to incorporate the cellulosic yarn in the form of pile loops.
  • the fabric is treated to render the cellulosic yarn, and thus the whole fabric, fire resistant.
  • the cellulosic yarn constitutes at least 75 per cent and advantageously 80 per cent or more by weight of the fabric and has a weight, after treatment with flame retardant, of at least 250 g/m 2 .
  • the enclosing cover may comprise a sheet to lie adjacent an upper supporting surface of a resilient block, a sheet to lie adjacent an under surface of the resilient block and a side piece seamed to the upper and under sheets and having its ends seamed together, for example at a corner of the resilient block.
  • the enclosing cover may comprise pieces of sheet material adhered to all the surfaces of the resilient block.
  • the cover may comprise a piece of sheet material adhered to an under surface of the resilient block and a further piece of sheet material covering an upper surface and side surfaces of the resilient block.
  • such a further piece of sheet material may comprise an upper sheet with a further sheet attached to and depending from its edges to cover the side surfaces of a resilient block, the lower edge of the further sheet having a length of elastic material attached to it so that on fitting said further piece of sheet material to a correspondingly shaped resilient block of suitable size, the lower edge of said further sheet will be drawn in by the elastic material beneath the under surface of the resilient block so as to hold the further piece of sheet material on the resilient block like a fitted sheet on a mattress.
  • the mattress according to the invention shown in Figure 1 comprises a block 5 of foamed synthetic polymeric material, in this case foamed polyurethane.
  • the block 5 is closely enclosed by a fire resis tant stretch cover 6 made from an upper sheet 7, corres ponding in shape and size to a plan of the mattress, a similar lower sheet, and a side piece 8 seamed to the upper and lower sheets and its ends seamed together at one corner of the mattress.
  • a fire resis tant stretch cover 6 made from an upper sheet 7, corres ponding in shape and size to a plan of the mattress, a similar lower sheet, and a side piece 8 seamed to the upper and lower sheets and its ends seamed together at one corner of the mattress.
  • a further cover 9 made from a polyurethane-coated, warp- knitted, nylon fabric.
  • the cover 9 is waterproof, the polyurethane coating is on the outside, and the seam construction of the cover 9 is the same as that of the cover 6.
  • each of these covers may be provided with an opening, preferably along a long side of the mattress, which is closable by a quick release fastener, for example a sliding clasp fastener.
  • the fabric from which the cover 6 is made is a plain weft-knitted terry fabric.
  • the fabric is knitted on a circular knitting machine in a construction providing a ground structure of a flat nylon (polyamide) yarn and pile loops of a cellulosic yarn.
  • the pile loops of the pile fabric are present on one surface only of the fabric which is the inside surface of the cover 6. The pile loops are thus in contact with the polyurethane foam of the block 5 and the result is a reduced tendency of the cover 6 to move relatively to the block 5.
  • the cellulosic yarn in the fabric of the cover 6 is a spun yarn comprising 67 per cent by weight of cotton and 33 per cent by weight of viscose.
  • the fabric comprises 23 per cent by weight of the nylon ground yarn and 77 per cent by weight of the cellulosic pile yarn and is rendered flame resistant by treatment with "Proban 210" marketed by Albright and Wilson Limited. ("Proban” is a trade name.)
  • the flame resistant treatment and the fabric must be such that the treated fabric will, after one wash in water at 71°C, fulfil the requirements (omitting the cleansing procedure) of Type C performance when tested according to Part 2 of British Standard No. 5867.
  • the mattress just described comprising a foam block, a barrier fabric (cover 6) and an outer, waterproof cover 9, registers a pass in the flammability test mentioned above and described below and based on that set out in PSA Fire Retardant Specification No. 4 (as amended April 1978) of the Steering Committee on Flammability of the Department of the Environment, when using ignition source (4) or (0) as set out in PSA Fire Retardant Specification No. 10 (also as amended April 1978) .
  • a preferred example of the fabric constituting the cover 6 is made on a 20 gg Camber Velnit Plus circular knitting machine using a sinker height of 2.9 mm.
  • the fabric is knitted from a ground yarn which is 110 decitex flat nylon 66 and a pile yarn which is 1/28s cc comprising a blend of 2/3 cotton and 1/3 viscose by weight.
  • the course length used for the nylon yarn was 711 cm and the course length for the pile yarn was 1740 cm.
  • the weight of the fabric after treatment with the flame retardant is in excess of 250 g/m 2 and it has an extension in the width (course) direction in excess of 30 per cent and an extension in the length (wale) direction in excess of 10 per cent, measured on a Fryma Extensiometer according to British Standard No. 4294 using a load of 3 kg.
  • This extensibility allows the cover to stretch so as to be able to conform to the mattress surface when the mattress is subjected, in use, to deformation by a human being lying on it and
  • FIG 2 shows a further mattress according to the invention comprising a resilient block 12 of foamed polyurethane closely enclosed by a composite cover 13.
  • the cover 13 is made up of a piece of sheet material constituted by a woven cottcn fabric 14, adhered to the surface of the block 12 intended to be the under surface in use, and a further piece of sheet material 15 constituted by a plain weft-knitted fabric like that of the cover 6 in the mattress of Figure 1.
  • the sheet material 15 is in two parts, a part conforming in size and shape to the upper surface of the resilient block 12 and a part 16 covering the sides and part of the under surface of the resilient block 12.
  • the part 16 of the sheet material 15 is attached to and depends from the edge of the part of the sheet material 15 and has attached to its edge 17 a length of elastic material so that the edge 17 is drawn beneath the under surface of the resilient block 12.
  • the woven cotton fabric 14 of the mattress of Figure 2 is rendered flame resistant by treatment with "Proban 210" marketed by Albright and Wilson Limited and satisfies the same test according to Part 2 of British Standard No. 5867 as described above in relation to the fabric of the cover 6 of the mattress of Figure 1.
  • the adhesive used to adhere the fabric 14 to the block 12 should have fire resistant properties such as not to render the performance of the mattress in the flammability tests to be described below unsatisfactory.
  • a piece of fabric made from polyester yarn may be used provided that the resulting mattress will still satisfy at least one of the flammability tests to be described below.
  • the fabric constituting the further piece of sheet material 15 is treated with "Proban 210" so as to satisfy the same flammability test as described above in relation to the fabric of the cover 6 of the mattress of Figure 1.
  • the mattress shown in Figure 3 comprises a resilient block 20 of foamed polyurethane enclosed by a cover made up of six pieces of fabric 21 adhesively secured respectively to the top and bottom 22. the two longitudinal sides 23 and the two end sides 24 of the resilient block 20.
  • the fabric 21 is of the same construction and has been treated in the same way as the fabric from which the cover 6 of Figure 1 is made.
  • Ignition source (4) is a wood crib made from ten sticks of the softwood pinus silvestris 6.5 (-0.5) x 6.5 x 40 ( ⁇ 1) mm long conditioned as set out below.
  • the sticks are to be stacked five layers high, two sticks in each layer parallel to one another and at right angles to the sticks in the adjacent layer or layers.
  • the sticks are glued at the ends of the sticks with PVA adhesive, the sticks in each layer being placed as far away from each other as possible but without overhang to form a square section crib.
  • the total mass of the sticks should be 8.5 ⁇ 0.5g.
  • a small amount of wood wool (0.75 ⁇ C.25g) should be pushed loosely into the centre of the stick arrangement and when required is ignited from the top with a match.
  • Ignition source (0) of the DOE/PSA Fire Retardant Specification No. 10 (SCOFF Paper No.4 amended April 1978) is a cigarette, characterising a smouldering situation.
  • the cigarette to be used in the test is an untipped cigarette having a length of approximately 68.5 mm, a diameter of approximately 8.0 mm and a weight of 1.0 g nominal, with a smouldering rate cf 14.0 ⁇ 2 min/50 mm when tested as follows.
  • the cigarette To test the cigarette it is first conditioned for a minimum period of 16 hours in an atmosphere having a temperature of 20 ⁇ 2°C and a relative humidity of 65 ⁇ 5 per cent and is tested within 1 hour after removal from the conditioning area.
  • the cigarette is marked at distances of 5 mm and 55 mm from the end to be lit and is then lit. Air is drawn through the cigarette until the tip glows brightly and it is then impaled horizontally in draught-free air on a horizontal wire spike inserted to a distance of not more than 13 mm into the unlit end.
  • the time taken for the cigarette to smoulder from the 5 mm to the 55 mm mark is noted and should be within the rate set out above.
  • the flammability test referred to above and comprising a modification of the DOE/PSA Fire Retardant Specification No.4 entitled "Composite Upholstery Ignition Standard (Seating and Bedding)" first issued September 1976 and amended April 1978 is intended to provide a means of assessing (inter alia) the likely ignition behaviour of composite bedding components, comprising the mattress cover with a fire barrier interlining, plus the supporting components which may be flexible foam, other soft infills such as hair, kapok or cotton wadding etc., spring supports, webbing, torsion springs, platform supports etc., or any combination of them.
  • Articles satisfying the tests are adequately flame resistant for use in hospitals.
  • the tests are carried out on a sample comprising a resilient support block measuring 45 cm x 45 cm and having a thickness equal to the thickness of an equivalent support block intended for normal use.
  • the test block In the case of a mattress, the test block is smaller than the full sized article but in the case of a cushion or pillow or a mattress biscuit constituting part of a full sized mattress, the test block is of the same order of size as the normal article.
  • the sample to be tested will normally be tested in condition of normal use, fitted with any covers normally applied.
  • the basis of the test method is to ignite the sample under test using a cigarette (ignition source (0)) and a wooden crib (ignition source (4)) and then to measure the distance from the ignition source over which damage occurs.
  • the materials used to make up the sample under test are first conditioned in an atmosphere having a temperature of 15°C to 25 0 C and a relative humidity of 55 per cent to 65 per cent for a minimum of 24 hours. The test is commenced within one hour of removal from the conditioned atmosphere.
  • the area where the test is conducted is maintained at a temperature of 15°C to 30°C and at a relative humidity of 20 per cent to 65 per cent and must be draught free.
  • the sample is placed on a flat surface on a rig comprising a horizontal square frame made from 25 x 25 mm steel angle section, the side of the square being 450 mm long.
  • the frame has a leg of the same angle section at each corner and each leg is 390 mm long.
  • the centre of the square frame is filled with a piece of woven wire mesh having 2 mesh wires per 25.4 mm. Each wire has a round cross- section of 1.626 mm diameter, giving approximately 76 per cent of open area.
  • the sample is placed squarely on the rig in its normal horizontal position in still air with no draughts. In the case of a mattress the sample may be covered with a sheet or sheets to reproduce a full size bed arrangement which the test sample is intended to represent.
  • Ignition source (0) a cigaretts
  • a cigaretts is placed, after being lit and with the tip glowing brightly, on the upper surface of the sample parallel to and 10 cm from one edge of the sample with each end of the cigarette more than 10 cm from the adjacent edge of the mattress which extends at right angles to the said one edge.
  • the cigarette is allowed to burn its entire length and the sample is observed.
  • a record is made as to whether sustained combustion of any component of the assembly occurs after the cigarette has ceased to burn and the duration of this combustion.
  • the test with ignition source (0) is repeated twice making a total of three tests.
  • Ignition source (4) a wooden crib, is placed in the centre of the sample on its upper surface and is ignited.
  • the maximum distance from the centre of the sample at which damage has occurred to any component of the sample or covering is recorded ten minutes after igniting the crib. A record is made of whether flaming of any component or cover continues for more than ten minutes after lighting the crib and of the height of the flame at that time.
  • the same sample as used for the tests with ignition source (0) may be used for the test with ignition source (4) provided that no sustained combustion is initiated by ignition source (0). A period of 15 minutes should be allowed to lapse between the completion of the tests with ignition source (0) and the ignition of ignition source (4) on the same sample.
  • ignition source (4) there shall be no damage to any component or cover more than 15 cm from the centre of the sample within 10 minutes of ignition of the source and no flames higher than 5 cm shall be present 10 minutes after ignition of the source.
  • the tests should, as a safety precaution, be carried out in a purpose built fireproof enclosure with adequate means for ventilating following the test.

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  • Bedding Items (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
EP82303737A 1981-07-17 1982-07-16 Feuerfeste Unterlage für den menschlichen Körper Expired EP0070701B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8122206 1981-07-17
GB8122206 1981-07-17
GB8218941 1982-06-30
GB8218941 1982-06-30

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0070701A1 true EP0070701A1 (de) 1983-01-26
EP0070701B1 EP0070701B1 (de) 1986-09-24

Family

ID=26280173

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82303737A Expired EP0070701B1 (de) 1981-07-17 1982-07-16 Feuerfeste Unterlage für den menschlichen Körper

Country Status (10)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0070701B1 (de)
AU (1) AU8609482A (de)
BE (1) BE893858A (de)
CA (1) CA1204530A (de)
DE (1) DE3273455D1 (de)
DK (1) DK156810C (de)
FI (1) FI822525L (de)
FR (1) FR2509607A1 (de)
IT (1) IT1191204B (de)
NZ (1) NZ201293A (de)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2543079A1 (fr) * 1983-03-25 1984-09-28 Metzeler Kautschuk Siege pour vehicule, notamment pour un avion
GB2181048A (en) * 1985-10-04 1987-04-15 Bernard Bedborough Overlay
GB2201340A (en) * 1986-12-20 1988-09-01 Jenaro Limited Furnishing arrangement
GB2213053A (en) * 1987-12-29 1989-08-09 Ashley Woodcock Bedding system
US4926503A (en) * 1988-05-13 1990-05-22 Riddell, Inc. Athletic shock absorbing pad
GB2244000A (en) * 1990-05-18 1991-11-20 Teasdale S Mattress
DE4335638A1 (de) * 1993-10-13 1995-04-20 Dieter Buckow Unterstützungselement für einen Körperteil und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
EP1700783A1 (de) * 2005-03-10 2006-09-13 Lufthansa Technik AG Schwer entflammbare Matratze für Luftfahrzeuge
EP1804618A2 (de) * 2004-10-12 2007-07-11 Dreamwell, Ltd. Matratze mit flammhemmender feuchtigkeitsbarriere
WO2022266106A1 (en) * 2021-06-14 2022-12-22 Cvb Inc. Dual-sided foam mattress with liquid-resistant and fire-retardant cover

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11039692B2 (en) * 2018-04-09 2021-06-22 Pneuma Pure I.P. Limited Fire retardant cushioning devices

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR863158A (fr) * 1939-02-10 1941-03-25 Us Rubber Co Tissu à poil ignifuge et coussin ou matelas garni d'un tel tissu
FR1529004A (fr) * 1967-06-07 1968-06-14 Cor Polstermobel Helmut Luebke Mousse plastifiée synthétique et son procédé d'utilisation et de traitement ultérieur
FR2183990A1 (de) * 1972-05-10 1973-12-21 Rohm & Haas
US3818520A (en) * 1972-03-13 1974-06-25 Richards Quality Bedding Co Mattress cover construction
GB1477145A (en) * 1974-07-12 1977-06-22 Norman N Flame retardant means
GB2012159A (en) * 1977-12-16 1979-07-25 Courtaulds Ltd Mattress cover

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR863158A (fr) * 1939-02-10 1941-03-25 Us Rubber Co Tissu à poil ignifuge et coussin ou matelas garni d'un tel tissu
FR1529004A (fr) * 1967-06-07 1968-06-14 Cor Polstermobel Helmut Luebke Mousse plastifiée synthétique et son procédé d'utilisation et de traitement ultérieur
US3818520A (en) * 1972-03-13 1974-06-25 Richards Quality Bedding Co Mattress cover construction
FR2183990A1 (de) * 1972-05-10 1973-12-21 Rohm & Haas
GB1477145A (en) * 1974-07-12 1977-06-22 Norman N Flame retardant means
GB2012159A (en) * 1977-12-16 1979-07-25 Courtaulds Ltd Mattress cover

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2543079A1 (fr) * 1983-03-25 1984-09-28 Metzeler Kautschuk Siege pour vehicule, notamment pour un avion
GB2137492A (en) * 1983-03-25 1984-10-10 Metzeler Kautschuk A seat for a vehicle in particular for an aircraft
GB2181048A (en) * 1985-10-04 1987-04-15 Bernard Bedborough Overlay
GB2201340A (en) * 1986-12-20 1988-09-01 Jenaro Limited Furnishing arrangement
GB2213053B (en) * 1987-12-29 1991-07-03 Ashley Woodcock Bedding system
GB2213053A (en) * 1987-12-29 1989-08-09 Ashley Woodcock Bedding system
US4926503A (en) * 1988-05-13 1990-05-22 Riddell, Inc. Athletic shock absorbing pad
GB2244000A (en) * 1990-05-18 1991-11-20 Teasdale S Mattress
GB2244000B (en) * 1990-05-18 1993-09-22 Teasdale S Mattress
DE4335638A1 (de) * 1993-10-13 1995-04-20 Dieter Buckow Unterstützungselement für einen Körperteil und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
EP1804618A2 (de) * 2004-10-12 2007-07-11 Dreamwell, Ltd. Matratze mit flammhemmender feuchtigkeitsbarriere
EP1804618A4 (de) * 2004-10-12 2011-08-24 Dreamwell Ltd Matratze mit flammhemmender feuchtigkeitsbarriere
EP1700783A1 (de) * 2005-03-10 2006-09-13 Lufthansa Technik AG Schwer entflammbare Matratze für Luftfahrzeuge
US8572785B2 (en) 2005-03-10 2013-11-05 Lufthansa Technik GmbH Mattress for aircraft
WO2022266106A1 (en) * 2021-06-14 2022-12-22 Cvb Inc. Dual-sided foam mattress with liquid-resistant and fire-retardant cover

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NZ201293A (en) 1985-07-12
BE893858A (fr) 1982-11-16
IT8267905A0 (it) 1982-07-16
EP0070701B1 (de) 1986-09-24
FR2509607A1 (fr) 1983-01-21
FI822525A0 (fi) 1982-07-15
CA1204530A (en) 1986-05-13
AU8609482A (en) 1983-01-20
IT1191204B (it) 1988-02-24
FI822525L (fi) 1983-01-18
DK156810B (da) 1989-10-09
DE3273455D1 (en) 1986-10-30
DK321782A (da) 1983-01-18
DK156810C (da) 1990-02-26

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