EP0066570B1 - Hochtemperaturbrenner - Google Patents

Hochtemperaturbrenner Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0066570B1
EP0066570B1 EP81900226A EP81900226A EP0066570B1 EP 0066570 B1 EP0066570 B1 EP 0066570B1 EP 81900226 A EP81900226 A EP 81900226A EP 81900226 A EP81900226 A EP 81900226A EP 0066570 B1 EP0066570 B1 EP 0066570B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
flame tube
jacket
holes
inlet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81900226A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0066570A1 (de
Inventor
Lennart T. Eriksson
Olle NYSTRÖM
Ebert Andersson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GKN Aerospace Sweden AB
Original Assignee
Volvo Flygmotor AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Volvo Flygmotor AB filed Critical Volvo Flygmotor AB
Publication of EP0066570A1 publication Critical patent/EP0066570A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0066570B1 publication Critical patent/EP0066570B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
    • F23C7/02—Disposition of air supply not passing through burner
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C3/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber

Definitions

  • the invention concerns a high-temperature burner with a nozzle for gaseous, liquid and slurried fuel, inlets for air and fuel, flame tube with inlet holes for inlet air, jacket and outlet cone and a method of operating this burner.
  • Such a burner should also be able to be used both as a high-pressure burner and as a high- velocity burner and produce a gas with high temperature and velocity to produce a high heat transfer against a forged part, for example.
  • HTB High-Temperature Burner
  • the flame tube is fastened in the end piece of the burner and is easily replaceable with other types of flame tubes for conversion to various fuels, that the flame tube is made of metal, that a guiding ring is arranged for reversing the inlet air through air-holes inwards and backwards against the primary combustion zone, and with a number of outlet holes for the fuel in the nozzle, corresponding to the number of inlet holes for inlet air in the flame tube.
  • the method of operating the burner is characterized in that the inlet air is conducted into the primary combustion zone through holes in the flame tube, after having reversed its flow direction in a conducting ring, that the flame tube is cooled downstream and/or upstream from each air intake hole by slots in the flame tube, on the same generatrix as the air intake hole and with the same width as said hole, that the fuel nozzle is provided with just as many outlet holes as the number of air intake holes in the flame tube, that the combustion is adjusted by rotating the nozzle to the optimum position, and that the outlet cone is cooled by blowing in air, that the velocity of the airflow is increased on the reverse side of the flame tube with a conducting ring, and that the jacket is optionally surrounded at a distance by an extra jacket for circulation of air or water in the space between said jackets.
  • the burner is of the can combustion chamber type, i.e. the fuel is combusted in a volume which is limited by a can, or a pre-combustion chamber with very high load per unit of volume.
  • a typical value is 50 MW/m 3 as compared with previous constructions, even smaller ones which usually have values of about 10-15 MW/m 3 and which often have poorer efficiencies and greater percentages of residual oxygen.
  • This type of burner is distinct from the so-called free- flame burners, such as is described in FR-A-2 118 276.
  • the HTB can be easily converted into a gas burner by replacing the interior hot parts.
  • the external parts with connections etc. are completely identical for the gas and oil burners.
  • the flame tube is easily removable by virtue of the fact that it is only attached to the end piece and inserted into the burner jacket.
  • the flame surveillance, ignitor and spreader are collected at the end also.
  • the burner is made completely of steel, which makes starting up and shutting down quicker than with masonry constructions. Another advantage is that a steel construction does not result in brick and mortar particles in the gas when hot air or hot gas is produced.
  • the problem of short life has been solved by, on the one hand, using high quality materials, and on the other hand, allowing them to work in a controlled manner at a high temperature.
  • Our construction uses high quality, metallic materials such as nickel chromium steel, e.g. Avesta 253 MA, or pure nickel alloys, e.g. Inconel @ or Nimonic @ with scaling temperatures of about 1100 or 1200°C, respectively.
  • the nickel chromium steel can be used up to 900°C and the nickel alloy up to 1000°C.
  • the mean temperature for the flame tube is maintained by controlling the load or the inlet temperature.
  • the flow velocities at the rear side of the flame tube are therefore kept highest where the load is highest, the area closest to the airhole.
  • the reconnection also produces a double cooling here.
  • the velocities are selected so that the material temperatures rise only moderately with elevated inlet temperature.
  • a rise in the inlet temperature from 20 to 600°C produces a rise in the maximum material temperature of about 250°C to 950°C at slightly over stoichiometric combustion.
  • Compressed air supported nozzles are used, both of a standard type and of a specially developed type which permits greater operational range. This is a so-called Y (ypsilon type or multijet type). By having as many separate holes as the number of airholes in the flame tube, it permits a very good control of the dispersing and combustion characteristics by rotating the nozzle.
  • Natural gas and gasified petroleum products are considered especially suitable for most heating purposes, but in certain cases the advantages of these fuels can not be completely utilized, and fuel oils can be more advantageous.
  • oils with high sulphur content are advantageous in cement production.
  • the jacket is provided with a pipe 5 for intake of combustion air and the forward portion of the jacket can be provided with an extra jacket 50 which forms a space 6 between the jackets.
  • the forward flange 3 is provided with bolt holes 7 for adapting the burner and a bowl-shaped outlet cone 8 is attached to the flange, with a central opening 9 for the flame and/or flue gases.
  • the end piece 10 is fastened to the rear flange 2 with bolts 11.
  • the flame tube insert 13 is fastened in a hole 12 in the centre of the end piece and it extends up to the front flange 3 at the same time as it expands in a funnel to the same diameter as the jacket 1.
  • the burner 23 In the centre of the end piece there is the burner 23 with the coupling 24 to the fuel line 25.
  • the burner is fastened in the end piece 10 with bolts 26.
  • the entire flame tube unit can be removed and replaced quite simply by detaching the end piece from the jacket and inserting a new unit, for example when changing fuels or for maintenance.
  • Fig. 2 shows an HTB for oil. If differs from the gas model only in that the flame tube 33 has a cylindrical form and is shorter than the corresponding gas version 13, and that the airholes 34 are arranged in another manner with a covering ring or guiding tube 35 for controlling the supply of air.
  • the gas burner 13 has also been replaced with an oil burner 36 of course.
  • the flow in a "normal" can combustion chamber is shown in Fig. 5.
  • the resulting velocity R . is directed downwards and forwards. with such a construction, a maximum of 30% of the air can be forced to enter the primary zone, and even with the aid of guide vanes and similar arrangements, the flow can be increased to at most 50%, while in the construction according to the invention about 75% of the air enters the primary zone. This creates the possibility of operating the burner at somewhere near stoichiometric ratios without fierce flames being formed outside the burner with a combustion chamber of normal length.
  • the film of air 44 from the slot which proceeds along the wall towards the holes also contributes to holding down the temperature of the flame tube wall.
  • the same technique can also be used on the wall closest to the upstream holes, i.e. the various slots 45.
  • This portion of the flame tube can also be cooled more effectively by increasing the flow velocity on the other side of the flame tube with an extra guide tube 46.
  • the flame tube wall in the area of the holes is subjected to the highest temperatures either just before or just after the holes depending on which type of nozzle is used.
  • the highest temperature is obtained downstream of the holes, but with usual standard nozzles, the temperature maximum is moved and will lie upstream of the holes.
  • the temperature of the combustion chamber wall can be kept down to a high but permissible level at stoichiometric combustion and with inlet temperatures of up to about 600°C.
  • rectangular grooves 49 have been made in such a manner that due to the diffusion angle obtained from the grooves, the inside of the outlet opening is completely covered by a film of fresh air.
  • the flow devoted to cooling is at most 10% of the combustion airflow.
  • the type of nozzle which we ourselves manufacture and market is the co-called multijet type, which has a higher efficiency than the standard type which can also be used.
  • One reason for the higher efficiency is that a smaller drop size is obtained by the oil and support air being distributed through a number of holes, usually 6 or 8, instead of through a single hole as in the standard nozzle.
  • the multijet nozzle also permits a greater range of control due to the flame-holding effect obtained around each stream.
  • the nozzle can have as many holes as the holes in the flame tube as in the present invention, and by adjusting the relative position of the nozzle and the flame tube, optimum operating conditions are achieved when a stream from the nozzle is directed somewhat displaced in the rotational direction of the induced swirl in relation to the airhole.
  • inlet temperatures Concerning inlet temperatures and choice of materials, it may be added that for inlet temperatures of up to 300°C, Avesta 253 MA was used and for up to 500-600°C, Inconel® or Nimonic@ were used. Work is in progress on a development of flame tubes of ceramic material for still higher inlet temperatures. There is no differences in the appearance of ceramic tubes and metal tubes with the exception that the ceramic tube must be made thicker, about 4-6 mm.
  • a larger jacket is selected for ceramic flame tubes than for metal flame tubes.
  • a heat reduction can be obtained by placing an extra jacket 50 around the jacket. In the gap, air or water can then be circulated. This results in a cooler jacket and correspondingly increased cooling by increased heat radiation from the hot, inner portions towards the cooler outer portions.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)
  • Nozzles For Spraying Of Liquid Fuel (AREA)

Claims (7)

1. Hochtemperaturbrenner mit
- einer Düse (23, 36) für gasförmige, flüssige oder geschlämmte Brennstoffe,
- Luft- und Brennstoffeinlässen (21, 22, 25),
- einem Flammrohr (13, 33) mit Einlaßöffnungen (14, 34) zum Einlassen von Luft,
- einer Brennerhülse (1) und
- einem Auslaßkonus (8),

dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
- das Flammrohr (13, 33) im Endstück (10) des Brenners befestigt ist und zum Umstellen auf verschiedene Brennstoffe leicht durch andere Typen von Flammrohren ersetzbar ist,
- das Flammrohr (13, 33) aus Metall gefertigt ist,
- ein Führungsring (35) angeordnet ist, um die Einlaßluft durch Lufteinlaßöffnungen (34) nach innen und nach hinten in Richtung der ersten Verbrennungszone umzukehren (47), und daß der Brenner
- eine gewisse Anzahl von Brennstoffauslaßöffnungen in der Düse (36) aufweist, die der Anzahl der Einlaßöffnungen (34) zum Einlassen von Luft in das Flammrohr (33) entspricht.
2. Brenner nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch einen Schlitz (43) im Flammrohr (33) zur Lufteinführung und zur Kühlung der Wand stromabwärts von jeder Lufteinlaßöffnung (34).
3. Brenner nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, gekennzeichnet durch einen zusätzlichen Schlitz (45) zur Lufteinführung stromaufwärts von jeder Lufteinlaßöffnung (34).
4. Brenner nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, gekennzeichnet durch einen zusätzlichen Führungsring (46) zur Erhöhung der Luftgeschwindigkeit auf der Rückseite des Flammrohrs (33).
5. Brenner nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, gekennzeichnet durch eine Außenhülse (50), die einen Raum (6) für ein Kühlmedium zwischen der Außenhülse (50) und der Brennerhülse (1) festlegt.
6. Brenner nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, gekennzeichnet durch rechtwinklige Einschnitte (49) in der Vorderkante der Brennerhülse (1) zum Anblasen der Innenseite des Auslaßkonus (8) mit einem Luftfilm.
7. Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Hochtemperaturbrenners nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
- die Einlaßluft, nach Umkehrung ihrer Flußrichtung in einem Führungsring, durch Öffnungen im Flammrohr in die erste Verbrennungszone geführt wird,
- das Flammrohr stromabwärts und/oder stromaufwärts von jeder Einlaßöffnung durch Schlitze im Flammrohr, die auf der gleichen Erzeugenden wie diese Einlaßöffnung leigen und die gleiche Öffnungsweite wie diese Öffnung haben, gekühlt wird,
- die Brennstoffdüse mit einer Anzahl von Auslaßöffnungen versehen ist, die der Anzahl der Einlaßöffnungen im Flammrohr entspricht,
- die Verbrennung durch Drehen der Düse in eine optimale Stellung eingestellt wird,
- der Auslaßkonus durch Anblasen mit Luft gekühlt wird,
- die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit der Luft auf der Rückseite des Flammrohrs mittels eines Führungsrings erhöht wird und
- die Brennerhülse wahlweise mit Abstand von einer Außenhülse zur Zirkulation von Luft oder Wasser im Raum zwischen diesen Hülsen umhüllt wird.
EP81900226A 1980-12-12 1980-12-12 Hochtemperaturbrenner Expired EP0066570B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/SE1980/000333 WO1982002084A1 (en) 1980-12-12 1980-12-12 High-temperature burner

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0066570A1 EP0066570A1 (de) 1982-12-15
EP0066570B1 true EP0066570B1 (de) 1984-04-25

Family

ID=20339987

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81900226A Expired EP0066570B1 (de) 1980-12-12 1980-12-12 Hochtemperaturbrenner

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0066570B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS57501925A (de)
DE (1) DE3067658D1 (de)
NO (1) NO152883C (de)
WO (1) WO1982002084A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0228091A3 (de) * 1986-01-03 1988-08-24 A/S Kongsberg Väpenfabrikk In axialer Richtung kompakter Gasturbinenbrenner und Verfahren zu seiner Kühlung
DE3834762A1 (de) * 1988-10-12 1990-04-19 Ruhrgas Ag Hochgeschwindigkeitsbrenner
US7654820B2 (en) * 2006-12-22 2010-02-02 David Deng Control valves for heaters and fireplace devices
CN102261650B (zh) * 2011-05-30 2013-05-22 北京北机机电工业有限责任公司 燃烧室
US9752779B2 (en) 2013-03-02 2017-09-05 David Deng Heating assembly
CN108050509B (zh) * 2017-11-30 2019-11-08 谢丽萍 一种基于液体乙醇-天然气组合燃料的燃烧炉及其方法

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4920138B1 (de) * 1970-05-12 1974-05-22
FR2118276A5 (de) * 1970-12-16 1972-07-28 Heurtey Sa
GB1423052A (en) * 1973-03-27 1976-01-28 British Leyland Uk Ltd Combustion chamber assembly for a gas turbine engine
GB1511849A (en) * 1974-11-28 1978-05-24 Secr Defence Combustion apparatus
US3978662A (en) * 1975-04-28 1976-09-07 General Electric Company Cooling ring construction for combustion chambers
US4118171A (en) * 1976-12-22 1978-10-03 Engelhard Minerals & Chemicals Corporation Method for effecting sustained combustion of carbonaceous fuel
US4128388A (en) * 1977-05-12 1978-12-05 Challenge-Cook Bros., Inc. Geyseric burner assembly and method for combusting fuels

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3067658D1 (en) 1984-05-30
JPS57501925A (de) 1982-10-28
NO152883B (no) 1985-08-26
WO1982002084A1 (en) 1982-06-24
NO152883C (no) 1985-12-04
EP0066570A1 (de) 1982-12-15
NO822736L (no) 1982-08-11

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US6089855A (en) Low NOx multistage combustor
KR100243839B1 (ko) 연소장치 및 그 연소장치를 구비한 열설비
US6321743B1 (en) Single-ended self-recuperated radiant tube annulus system
US7762317B2 (en) Heat exchangers with novel ball joints and assemblies and processes using such heat exchangers
EP0657689B1 (de) Brenner mit niedrigem NOx-Gehalt, mit abgestufter Luftzufuhr mit interner rekuperativer Rauchgasrückführung
JP2588355B2 (ja) オキシ・燃料燃焼装置
CA1049360A (en) Energy conserving process furnace system and components thereof
CA1159353A (en) Recuperative burners
US4453913A (en) Recuperative burner
CN102305415A (zh) 一种富氧环境下的等离子无油点火系统
EP0440281B1 (de) Brenner für festen und flüssigen oder gasförmigen Brennstoff
CA1112552A (en) Self recuperative burner
CA1073335A (en) Combustor
CN101324334B (zh) 一种低NOx液态排渣双旋流煤粉燃烧器
US4156590A (en) Combustion in a melting furnace
EP0066570B1 (de) Hochtemperaturbrenner
US4394120A (en) Burner
CN211290051U (zh) 一种烟气自循环型低氮无氧化烧嘴
CN111473356A (zh) 烟道式加热炉
CN201293314Y (zh) 低NOx液态排渣双旋流煤粉燃烧器
CN212252685U (zh) 烟道式加热炉
CN221258834U (zh) 一种双调风煤粉燃烧器及锅炉
RU201414U1 (ru) Топка выносная для получения газообразного теплоносителя сжиганием газообразного топлива
SU1370811A1 (ru) Способ сжигани топлива
JPH0424270Y2 (de)

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): DE FR GB

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19821101

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): DE FR GB

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 3067658

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19840530

ET Fr: translation filed
PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 19921120

Year of fee payment: 13

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19921229

Year of fee payment: 13

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 19921230

Year of fee payment: 13

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Effective date: 19931212

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 19931212

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Effective date: 19940831

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Effective date: 19940901

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST