EP0066156A1 - Method for cutting a tunnel in rock by means of a rock drilling machine - Google Patents

Method for cutting a tunnel in rock by means of a rock drilling machine Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0066156A1
EP0066156A1 EP82104247A EP82104247A EP0066156A1 EP 0066156 A1 EP0066156 A1 EP 0066156A1 EP 82104247 A EP82104247 A EP 82104247A EP 82104247 A EP82104247 A EP 82104247A EP 0066156 A1 EP0066156 A1 EP 0066156A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tool
strips
rock
excavated
strip
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP82104247A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Rolf Ström
Esa Karru
Pekka Salmi
Leo Häkkinen
Kalevi Mäki-Kihniä
Aimo Helin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tampella Oy AB
Original Assignee
Tampella Oy AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tampella Oy AB filed Critical Tampella Oy AB
Publication of EP0066156A1 publication Critical patent/EP0066156A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
    • E21D9/106—Making by using boring or cutting machines with percussive tools, e.g. pick-hammers

Definitions

  • This invention concerns a method for cutting a tunnel in rock by means of a rock drill comprising
  • blasting is not possible under all conditions, There may be explosive gas or dust in the space to be blasted.
  • the foundations of buildings situated above the space to be blasted might be-damaged, and the blasting oscillation might also damage the buildings otherwise.
  • rock wall remaining after the blasting may be broken and receive cracks even deep under the surface, whereby the strength and the safety of the tunnel are reduced. This is why extra working steps are required to remove readily detachable rock portions and to reinforce the walls.
  • the object of the present invention is to eliminate the above drawbacks and to provide a method of an entirely new type for cutting a tunnel in rock by means of a rock drilling machine.
  • the method in accordance with the invention is chsracterized in that
  • the operation of the equipment, as well as the transportation of the material can be automated.
  • the stone cuttings produced by the new method are so small than no subsequent crushing is needed, and accordingly it is possible to omit the entire crushing plant.
  • surface means any surface which limits the tunnel transversely to the direction of the tunnel, like the ribs, the ceiling and the floor,and “face” means the end face of the tunnel.
  • face means the end face of the tunnel.
  • the tool 1 shown in Figure 1 is mounted at the end of the shaft 2. It can also constitute one integral tool with the shaft 2.
  • the tool which is positioned perpendicularly to the face 3 to be worked, moves in the feed direction indicated by an arrow.
  • the rock material 3 is removed as strips 5, whose width, as measured substantially perpendicularly to the direction of progress of the tunnel, is in this case somewhat smaller than the diameter of the tool 1 (spacing A).
  • the width of the strip may also be substantially equal to the diameter of the tool 1.
  • the tool 1 is inclined towards the face 3 to be worked, transversely to the direction of the feed of the tool,
  • the stroke force B from the tool 1 in the rock has a component C, which is parallel to the face and directed towards the preceding strip 5'.
  • the spacing A between the strips is also in this case larger than the diameter of the tool 1 so that a narrow ridge 4 of rock is also produced as the.tool 1 moves in the direction of the arrow. which narrow ridge 4 in the example case, however, is broken at the same time as a result of the influence of the force component C.
  • the tool 1 is inclined towards the face 3 to be worked in the direction of the feed of the tool so that the force resulting from the stroke force of the tool is directed in the direction of the feed of the tool towards the material to be cut.
  • the stroke mainly facilitates.the breaking of rock from the strip 5 to be cut.
  • the tool is inclined towards the face 3 to be worked both in the direction of the feed of the tool and transversely thereto whereby the component of the stroke of the tool, parallel to the face to be worked, is directed both towards the direction of the feed of the tool and towards the remaining rock ridge, thereby facilitating the breaking of rock from the strip to be excavated and, at the same time, the breaking of the remaining ridge of rock.
  • Figure 6 schematically shows one practical embodiment of operation of the rock working as a sectional view perpendicular to the direction of the feed of the tool.
  • the rock is excavated from the face of the tunnel as layers 7.
  • Each layer consists of strips 5 placed side by side.
  • FIG 6a it is shown how five strips (a to e) placed side by side are cut first with the tool being in the way shown in Figure 3 inclined towards the face 3 to be worked (angle S in Figure 6a).
  • the excavating of each layer 7 is started adjacent one of the surfaces defining the tunnel, the direction of the feed of the tool when excavating the first stripe being, e.g., parallel to said surface.
  • the remaining part is excavated, beginning adjacent the surface opposite the starting surface (tool positions f to j, Figure 6b).
  • the excavating of a new layer is started adjacent the first-mentioned defining surface (tool position k).
  • the tool 1 can be pulled out from the face to be excavated for the period of time during which the tool is repositioned to the beginning of the next strip 5.
  • Figure 7 shows schematically that opposite directions of rotation can be selected for the tool 1 when surfaces 6 are excavated on opposite sides of the tunnel. This grants, e.g., the advantage that the tool 1 is worn uniformly and the tunnel remains equally wide.
  • Figure 7 is to be understood as an illustration of principle in so far as the excavating method illustrated therein is not restricted to cutting from the top downwards, but it is also usable, e.g., for cutting in the lateral direction.
  • the directions of rotation of the tool may also be opposite in comparison to that whown in the figure.
  • Figure 8 is shown an embodiment of the method whereby the strips are excavated so that of the two adjacent strips the bottom of the first strip is located deeper in the rock than the bottom of the later excavated strip and as a result there is-a stepped figure.
  • FIG 8a is shown the start of this method.
  • a starting strip 11 is excavated into the face of the tunnel, whereafter it is then made deeper by excavating another strip 12 at the same place.
  • a third strip 13 is excavated adjacent to the starting strip.
  • the depth,of the third strip is left smaller than the depth of the starting strip so that as a result there is stepped form.
  • the strips may be located like in Figure 8 so that there is a ridge 4 between the strips, which ridge is broken during excavating the strips or they can be located side by side so that there is no ridge between the strips.
  • the starting strip is excavated deeper, then the side strips and a new strip adjacent to the second strips are excavated, e.g., in the numeral order in Figure 8a. This is continued with the following strips and when all the strips on both sides of the starting strip have been excavated, the starting strip is again excavated deeper and the process is continued.
  • the starting strip does not need to be in the middle of the face but it can be anywhere between the surfaces. After the whole face is stepped, the excavating continues perferably in the numeral order according to Figure 8b, whereby some time is saved while the tool is mainly moved only a little step from strip to strip.
  • the depth of the excavated strip depends among other things on the characteristic of the rock and the position of the tool compared to the face of the tunnel and it can be varied widely.
  • One preferable depth range is about 0-30 mm, whereby, e.g., there is very little need for finishing the surfaces.
  • the number of the strips depends on the size of the face and therefore the method according to the invention is not limited to that number of the strips shown in the figures.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
EP82104247A 1981-05-20 1982-05-14 Method for cutting a tunnel in rock by means of a rock drilling machine Withdrawn EP0066156A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI811553 1981-05-20
FI811553A FI811553A0 (fi) 1981-05-20 1981-05-20 Foerfarande foer inbrytning av en tunnel i berggrunden medelst bergborrmaskin

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0066156A1 true EP0066156A1 (en) 1982-12-08

Family

ID=8514413

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82104247A Withdrawn EP0066156A1 (en) 1981-05-20 1982-05-14 Method for cutting a tunnel in rock by means of a rock drilling machine

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0066156A1 (fi)
JP (1) JPS5824096A (fi)
AU (1) AU8360482A (fi)
FI (1) FI811553A0 (fi)
NO (1) NO821543L (fi)
ZA (1) ZA823468B (fi)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2513501C1 (ru) * 2012-11-21 2014-04-20 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "НПП СК МОСТ" Способ уширения туннеля
CN114034217A (zh) * 2021-11-26 2022-02-11 重庆大学 一种基于切槽的乳化炸药爆破定向造缝切顶方法

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE235146C (fi) *
US1201097A (en) * 1916-01-13 1916-10-10 Rock Tunnelling Machine Co Inc Tunneling-machine.
US1369609A (en) * 1919-05-20 1921-02-22 Bohn Ingebret Rock-drilling machine
US1717597A (en) * 1921-01-08 1929-06-18 App Tunneling Machine Co Inc Excavating method and apparatus
US1851037A (en) * 1928-12-27 1932-03-29 Erma M Chubbuck Mining machine
US3469884A (en) * 1966-08-18 1969-09-30 Demag Ag Tunnel driving shield having pivotally mounted drilling boom
GB1363917A (en) * 1971-08-04 1974-08-21 Dobson Park Ind Extensible boom for carrying and positioning or guiding a tool such as a rock breaking or mining tool
US4045088A (en) * 1975-04-17 1977-08-30 Hannelore Bechem Oscillating disk thin seam mining machine with steering
US4165130A (en) * 1978-01-05 1979-08-21 Mason Warren S Impact tunneling machine with cutters spaced for equal work
US4206947A (en) * 1974-01-18 1980-06-10 Boart Hardmetals (Proprietary) Limited Percussive slot cutter

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE235146C (fi) *
US1201097A (en) * 1916-01-13 1916-10-10 Rock Tunnelling Machine Co Inc Tunneling-machine.
US1369609A (en) * 1919-05-20 1921-02-22 Bohn Ingebret Rock-drilling machine
US1717597A (en) * 1921-01-08 1929-06-18 App Tunneling Machine Co Inc Excavating method and apparatus
US1851037A (en) * 1928-12-27 1932-03-29 Erma M Chubbuck Mining machine
US3469884A (en) * 1966-08-18 1969-09-30 Demag Ag Tunnel driving shield having pivotally mounted drilling boom
GB1363917A (en) * 1971-08-04 1974-08-21 Dobson Park Ind Extensible boom for carrying and positioning or guiding a tool such as a rock breaking or mining tool
US4206947A (en) * 1974-01-18 1980-06-10 Boart Hardmetals (Proprietary) Limited Percussive slot cutter
US4045088A (en) * 1975-04-17 1977-08-30 Hannelore Bechem Oscillating disk thin seam mining machine with steering
US4165130A (en) * 1978-01-05 1979-08-21 Mason Warren S Impact tunneling machine with cutters spaced for equal work

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2513501C1 (ru) * 2012-11-21 2014-04-20 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "НПП СК МОСТ" Способ уширения туннеля
CN114034217A (zh) * 2021-11-26 2022-02-11 重庆大学 一种基于切槽的乳化炸药爆破定向造缝切顶方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU8360482A (en) 1982-12-23
FI811553A0 (fi) 1981-05-20
ZA823468B (en) 1983-03-30
JPS5824096A (ja) 1983-02-12
NO821543L (no) 1982-11-22

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PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

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AK Designated contracting states

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STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

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18W Application withdrawn

Withdrawal date: 19830218

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: KARRU, ESA

Inventor name: STROEM, ROLF

Inventor name: SALMI, PEKKA

Inventor name: HELIN, AIMO

Inventor name: HAEKKINEN, LEO

Inventor name: MAEKI-KIHNIAE, KALEVI