EP0065702A2 - Method and apparatus for making preshapes - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for making preshapes Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0065702A2 EP0065702A2 EP82104097A EP82104097A EP0065702A2 EP 0065702 A2 EP0065702 A2 EP 0065702A2 EP 82104097 A EP82104097 A EP 82104097A EP 82104097 A EP82104097 A EP 82104097A EP 0065702 A2 EP0065702 A2 EP 0065702A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- based alloys
- alloy
- alloys
- heat treatment
- molded part
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/22—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces for producing castings from a slip
- B22F3/225—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces for producing castings from a slip by injection molding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/1017—Multiple heating or additional steps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
- B22F3/15—Hot isostatic pressing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/22—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces for producing castings from a slip
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a device for producing molded parts from alloy material, in particular from nickel-based alloys, chromium-based alloys, titanium-based alloys, and dispersion-hardened alloys.
- Moldings are usually made from nickel-based alloys, chrome and titanium alloys by investment casting. Castings, however, have comparatively poor mechanical properties, in particular with regard to the fatigue strength, which is the case with statically or dynamically stressed parts, e.g. B. in rotor blades and vanes of turbines, is important.
- the object of the invention is to provide a method and a device for producing molded parts of the type mentioned at the outset, in which the aforementioned disadvantages of wrought alloys or cast alloys are overcome and, in particular, improved properties are achieved with simple effort.
- the object on which the invention is based is achieved in a method according to the invention in that a powder of the corresponding alloy or a mixture of powders of the corresponding alloy components with the aid of plastics in the form of thermoplastics, thermosets and lubricants to form an injectable approx. 30 to 50 volume percent Plastic-containing granulate mass is processed, which is injection molded into a molded part.
- the injectable granulate mass is prepared in particular by dissolving the plastics in a solvent which does not attack the base metal of the alloy and mixing them with the metal powder, and then evaporating the solvent.
- the plastics of the injection molded part are expediently removed from the molded part at least by heat treatment up to approximately 600 ° C. under protective gas or vacuum. partially removed.
- the molded part is advantageously sintered under protective gas at a temperature of 50 to 90% of the melting temperature of the metal used in the alloy. This causes the molded part to shrink, reaching a density of 95 to 98% of the theoretical density.
- the injection molded part can be hot isostatically compressed at a pressure of approximately 500 to 3000 bar and at the sintering temperature of the metal used. This brings the density of the molded part to almost 100%, which increases the strength considerably.
- Polyethylene, polystyrene, polyamides and / or cellulose and their derivatives are advantageously suitable as thermoplastics, epoxy resins, phenolic resins and / or polyimides as thermosets, while stearic acid, stearates and / or waxes are advantageously used as plastic lubricants.
- a low-carbon starting powder or mixture For molded parts made of a nickel-based alloy, a titanium-based alloy or a chrome-based alloy tion are constructed, it is advantageous to use a low-carbon starting powder or mixture. Most binders leave behind free carbon when burned out, which could impair the properties of the molded part. By using a low-carbon starting material, the maximum permissible carbon content in the molded part is not exceeded, despite the carbon remaining from the binders.
- the aforementioned problem is also overcome if a heat treatment is carried out under hydrogen after the burnout.
- the set pressure is 1 to 300 bar, the heat treatment takes place at a temperature of approx. 400 to 1000 ° C.
- the method according to the invention can be modified in such a way that a heat treatment is carried out after the sintering process in order to set the most favorable grain size of the material of the molded part.
- a device for carrying out the method according to the invention is characterized in that those parts of the device which experience wear due to friction with the injectable granulate mass are formed or coated from the material of the alloy to be processed. This prevents contamination during processing of the alloy used.
- the vibration resistance of the material is improved by the invention. It can also advantageously produce complicated parts with high demands on the end profile, such as. B. turbine blades and vanes or integral turbine wheels.
- the finished molded part is in a form that may require a subsequent machining or electrochemical processing to a small extent.
- the drastic reduction in the machining effort compared to the known manufacturing processes for molded parts mentioned in the introduction creates a simple manufacturing process with a high-quality result, which is very inexpensive in comparison with known processes.
- the plastics used are dissolved in a solvent that does not attack the metals and mixed with the metal powder.
- the solvent is then removed vapors, and the mass is processed into an injectable granulate. These granules can now be processed into molded parts by injection molding.
- the plastic is removed from the molded part after injection molding by heat treatment up to 600 ° C under protective gas.
- the part is then sintered, the sintering process taking place under a protective gas or vacuum at temperatures of 50 to 90% of the melting temperature of the metal used.
- the part shrinks linearly between 10 and 25% and reaches a final density of 95 to 98% of the theoretical density of the material.
- nickel-based alloys The main problem with nickel-based alloys is that most binders leave free carbon when burned out. This can impair the properties of the molded part to be manufactured.
- the binder releases hydrogen when it burns out. Hydrogen is readily soluble in titanium alloys and worsens the strength properties. The hydrogen must be removed by heat treatment using known methods in vacuo or under a protective gas.
- Titanium alloys can be oxidized very easily. All process steps that take place at a temperature higher than room temperature should therefore be carried out in a vacuum or under protective gas. This includes, in particular, mixing the mass and spraying the molded parts. Known evacuable mixers are advantageously used. Evacuable injection molding machines are expediently used for spraying.
- Chromium alloys are very similar to nickel alloys in terms of their chemical properties, which is why the problem is the same. Remedies can be used to overcome the problem of free oxygen, as stated under Ni-based alloys.
- Dispersion hardened alloys are two or multi-phase materials in which the matrix consists of an oxidation-resistant, usually single-phase alloy. Particles of a second phase (or more phases) are embedded in the matrix.
- the characteristic of dispersion-hardened alloys is that the particles cannot be dissolved in the matrix. The particles cause the material to harden.
- the advantage of the dispersion-hardened alloy is its aging Resistance at high temperature due to the insolubility of the second phase.
- the particles are usually introduced into the melt of the matrix alloy. This method has the disadvantage that concentration gradients occur when the molded parts are poured because of the density differences between the matrix and the particles. Adhesive forces also tend to clump the particles. Overall, only a very unsatisfactory particle distribution can be achieved. A homogenization by plastic forming is not possible, since the plastic deformability is not sufficient with the known alloys.
- Very homogeneous particle distributions can be produced in the method according to the invention.
- the particles are added to the matrix powder and mixed with it. Since there is no melting phase during the entire process, segregation or gradient formation is not possible. Even with the steps "preparation of the mass and injection molding" the distribution is not deteriorated, but rather improved.
- the very homogeneous particle distribution that can be achieved results in considerably better strength properties of the molded parts than in known manufacturing processes.
- the core consists of a material that also decomposes when it burns out (core materials: plastics, preferably thermosets, possibly reinforced with C fibers). With the help of cores z. B. Easily produce complicated cooling configurations in turbine blades.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
Bei einem Verfahren zur Herstellung von Formteilen aus Legierungen, insbesondere aus Nickel-Basis-Legierungen, Chrom-Basis-Legierungen, Titan-Basis-Legierungen, und dispersionsgehärteten Legierungen wird ein Pulver der Legierung oder ein Gemisch aus Pulvern der Legierungskomponenten mit Hilfe von Thermoplasten, Duroplasten und Gleitmitteln zu einer spritzfähigen Granulat-Masse aufbereitet, wobei der Kunststoffanteil ca. 30 bis 50 Volumenprozente ausmacht. Die Aufbereitung erfolgt dadurch, daß die verwendeten Kunststoffe in einem das Basismetall der Legierung nicht angreifenden Lösungsmittel gelöst und mit dem Metallpulver gemischt werden, und anschließend das Lösungsmittel abgedampt wird. Danach wird die spritzfähige Granulat-Masse durch Spritzguß zu einem Formteil verarbeitet. Durch eine Wärmebehandlung bis 600°C unter Schutzgas wird der Kunststoff aus dem Formteilentfernt. Anschließend wird das Teil gesintert. Zwecks Erhöhung der Festigkeit ist ein heißisostatisches Nachverdichten denkbar. Dadurch lassen sich mechanische Eigenschaften (insbesondere Swingfestigkeit) von Formteilen verbessern, die beispielsweise durch Feinguß nicht erzielt werden können.In a method for producing molded parts from alloys, in particular from nickel-based alloys, chromium-based alloys, titanium-based alloys, and dispersion-hardened alloys, a powder of the alloy or a mixture of powders of the alloy components with the aid of thermoplastics, Thermosets and lubricants are processed into an injectable granulate mass, with the plastic portion accounting for approx. 30 to 50 percent by volume. The preparation takes place in that the plastics used are dissolved in a solvent which does not attack the base metal of the alloy and mixed with the metal powder, and the solvent is then evaporated off. Then the injectable granulate mass is processed into a molded part by injection molding. The plastic is removed from the molded part by heat treatment up to 600 ° C under protective gas. The part is then sintered. Hot isostatic post-compression is conceivable to increase the strength. This allows mechanical properties (in particular swing resistance) of molded parts to be improved which, for example, cannot be achieved by investment casting.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Formteilen aus Legierungsmaterial, insbesondere aus Nickel-Basis-Legierungen, Chrom-Basis-Legierungen, Titan-Basis-Legierungen, dispersionsgehärteten Legierungen.The invention relates to a method and a device for producing molded parts from alloy material, in particular from nickel-based alloys, chromium-based alloys, titanium-based alloys, and dispersion-hardened alloys.
Oblicherweise werden Formteile aus Nickel-Basis-Legierungen, Chrom- und Titan-Legierungen durch Feinguß hergestellt. Gußteile weisen jedoch vergleichsweise schlechte mechanische Eigenschaften auf, insbesondere hinsichtlich der Schwingfestigkeit, die bei statisch oder dynamisch beanspruchten Teilen, z. B. bei Lauf- und Leitschaufeln von Turbinen, von Bedeutung ist.Moldings are usually made from nickel-based alloys, chrome and titanium alloys by investment casting. Castings, however, have comparatively poor mechanical properties, in particular with regard to the fatigue strength, which is the case with statically or dynamically stressed parts, e.g. B. in rotor blades and vanes of turbines, is important.
Die mechanischen Eigenschaften vorgenannter Art werden zwar verbessert, wenn das Formteil aus einer entsprechenden Knet- bzw. Schmiedelegierung hergestellt ist. Durch Warm- oder Kaltumformung lassen sich jedoch komplizierte Teile, wie z. B. Lauf- und Leitschaufeln von Turbinen oder integrale Turbinenräder nicht in der Endkontur herstellen. Zusätzlich ist in erheblichem Umfang spanabhebende oder elektrochemische Bearbeitung erforderlich. Bei der Herstellung hochbeanspruchter Teile, bei denen die Festigkeit von Gußlegierungen nicht ausreicht und die deshalb beispielsweise aus einer Knet- oder Schmiedelegierung hergestellt werden, entstehen daher erhebliche Kosten durch Bearbeitung und Materialverlust.The mechanical properties of the aforementioned type are indeed improved if the molded part is made from a corresponding kneading or forging alloy. By hot or cold forming, however, complicated parts, such as. B. Do not produce blades and vanes of turbines or integral turbine wheels in the final contour. In addition, machining or electrochemical processing is required to a considerable extent. In the manufacture of highly stressed parts in which the strength of cast alloys is insufficient and which are therefore made, for example, from a wrought or wrought alloy, considerable costs arise from machining and material loss.
Werkstoffe, die durch Teilchendispersion gehärtet sind, lassen sich weder als Guß noch als Schmiedelegierung in befriedigender Qualität herstellen, da sich bei diesem Verfahren die Teilchen nicht genügend homogen verteilen lassen. Bekannt ist sogenanntes TD-Nickel, ein Thoriumoxid-dispersionsgehärtetes Nickel. Die Herstellungstechnologie dieses Werkstoffs erlaubt jedoch nicht Formträger der vorgenannten Art mit akzeptablem Aufwand zu verwirklichen. Hauptproblem ist, daß immer von blechartigem Halbzeug ausgegangen werden muß.Materials that are hardened by particle dispersion cannot be produced in satisfactory quality either as castings or as forged alloys, since the particles cannot be distributed sufficiently homogeneously in this process. So-called TD nickel, a thorium oxide dispersion-hardened nickel, is known. However, the manufacturing technology of this material does not allow mold carriers of the aforementioned type to be produced with an acceptable outlay. The main problem is that sheet-like semi-finished products must always be assumed.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist die Schaffung eines Verfahrens und einer Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Formteilen der eingangs genannten Art, bei dem (der) vorgenannte Nachteile der Knetlegierungen oder Gußlegierungen überwunden und insbesondere verbesserte Eigenschaften mit einfachem Aufwand erzielt werden.The object of the invention is to provide a method and a device for producing molded parts of the type mentioned at the outset, in which the aforementioned disadvantages of wrought alloys or cast alloys are overcome and, in particular, improved properties are achieved with simple effort.
Gelöst wird die der Erfindung zugrunde liegende Aufgabe bei einem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren dadurch, daß ein Pulver der entsprechenden Legierung oder ein Gemisch aus Pulvern der entsprechenden Legierungskomponenten mit Hilfe von Kunststoffen in Form von Thermoplasten, Duroplasten und Gleitmitteln zu einer spritzfähigen ca. 30 bis 50 Volumenprozente des Kunststoffs enthaltenden Granulat-Masse aufbereitet wird, die zu einem Formteil spritzgegossen wird.The object on which the invention is based is achieved in a method according to the invention in that a powder of the corresponding alloy or a mixture of powders of the corresponding alloy components with the aid of plastics in the form of thermoplastics, thermosets and lubricants to form an injectable approx. 30 to 50 volume percent Plastic-containing granulate mass is processed, which is injection molded into a molded part.
Die Aufbereitung der spritzfähigen Granulat-Masse erfolgt insbesondere dadurch, daß die Kunststoffe in einem das Basismetall der Legierung nicht angreifenden Lösungsmittel gelöst und mit dem Metallpulver gemischt werden, und daß anschließend das Lösungsmittel abgedampft wird.The injectable granulate mass is prepared in particular by dissolving the plastics in a solvent which does not attack the base metal of the alloy and mixing them with the metal powder, and then evaporating the solvent.
Die Kunststoffe des spritzgegossenen Formteils werden zweckmäßigerweise durch eine Wärmebehandlung bis ca. 600 °C unter Schutzgas oder Vakuum aus dem Formteil zumindest . teilweise entfernt.The plastics of the injection molded part are expediently removed from the molded part at least by heat treatment up to approximately 600 ° C. under protective gas or vacuum. partially removed.
Nach der Kunststoffentfernung wird vorteilhafterweise das Formteil unter Schutzgas bei einer Temperatur von 50 bis 90 % der Schmelztemperatur des verwendeten Metalls der Legierung gesintert. Dabei tritt eine Schrumpfung des Formteils auf, das hierbei eine Dichte von 95 bis 98 % der theoretischen Dichte erreicht.After the plastic has been removed, the molded part is advantageously sintered under protective gas at a temperature of 50 to 90% of the melting temperature of the metal used in the alloy. This causes the molded part to shrink, reaching a density of 95 to 98% of the theoretical density.
Bei hochbelasteten Teilen kann bei einer weiteren vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung das spritzgegossene Formteil bei einem Druck von ca. 500 bis 3000 bar und bei Sintertemperatur des verwendeten Metalls heißisostatisch nachverdichtet werden. Dadurch wird die Dichte des Formteils auf nahezu 100 % gebracht, wodurch die Festigkeit erheblich zunimmt.In the case of highly stressed parts, in a further advantageous development of the invention, the injection molded part can be hot isostatically compressed at a pressure of approximately 500 to 3000 bar and at the sintering temperature of the metal used. This brings the density of the molded part to almost 100%, which increases the strength considerably.
Als Thermoplaste kommen vorteilhafterweise Polyäthylene, Polystyrol, Polyamide und/oder Cellulose sowie deren Derivate in Frage, als Duroplaste Epoxidharze, Phenolharze und/oder Polyimide, während als Kunststoff-Gleitmittel vorteilhafterweise Stearinsäure, Stearate und/oder Wachse verwendet werden.Polyethylene, polystyrene, polyamides and / or cellulose and their derivatives are advantageously suitable as thermoplastics, epoxy resins, phenolic resins and / or polyimides as thermosets, while stearic acid, stearates and / or waxes are advantageously used as plastic lubricants.
Bei Formteilen, die aus einer Nickel-Basis-Legierung, einer Titan-Basis-Legierung oder einer Chrom-Basis-Legierung aufgebaut sind, verwendet man zweckmäßigerweise ein kohlenstoffarmes Ausgangspulver bzw. -gemisch. Die meisten Bindemittel hinterlassen nämlich beim Ausbrennen freien Kohlenstoff, der die Eigenschaften des Formteils verschlechtern könnte. Durch die Verwendung eines kohlenstoffarmen Ausgangsmaterials wird somit trotz des zurückbleibenden Kohlenstoffs aus den Bindemitteln der maximal zulässige Kohlenstoffanteil im Formteil nicht überschritten.For molded parts made of a nickel-based alloy, a titanium-based alloy or a chrome-based alloy tion are constructed, it is advantageous to use a low-carbon starting powder or mixture. Most binders leave behind free carbon when burned out, which could impair the properties of the molded part. By using a low-carbon starting material, the maximum permissible carbon content in the molded part is not exceeded, despite the carbon remaining from the binders.
Bei Legierungsformteilen auf Nickel-, Titan- und Chrom-Basis verwendet man zweckmäßigerweise Polyäthylene, Stearate als Bindemittel, die nach der Wärmebehandlung bzw. Kunststoffentfernung wenig Kohlenstoff zurücklassen, um vorgenanntem Problem beizukommen.In the case of alloy moldings based on nickel, titanium and chromium, it is expedient to use polyethylene, stearates as binders, which leave little carbon after the heat treatment or plastic removal in order to solve the aforementioned problem.
Vorgenanntes Problem wird bei einer anderen zweckmäßigen Ausgestaltung eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens auch überwunden, wenn nach dem Ausbrennen eine Wärmebehandlung unter Wasserstoff vorgenommen wird. Der eingestellte Druck beträgt hierbei 1 bis 300 bar, die Wärmebehandlung erfolgt bei einer Temperatur von ca. 400 bis 1000 °C.In another expedient embodiment of a method according to the invention, the aforementioned problem is also overcome if a heat treatment is carried out under hydrogen after the burnout. The set pressure is 1 to 300 bar, the heat treatment takes place at a temperature of approx. 400 to 1000 ° C.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren kann in einer Weise modifiziert werden, daß nach dem Sintervorgang eine Wärmebehandlung erfolgt, um die günstigste Korngröße des Materials des Formteils einzustellen.The method according to the invention can be modified in such a way that a heat treatment is carried out after the sintering process in order to set the most favorable grain size of the material of the molded part.
Eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens kennzeichnet sich dadurch, daß diejenigen Teile der Vorrichtung, die durch Reibung mit der spritzfähigen Granulat-Masse Verschleiß erfahren, aus dem Material der zu verarbeitenden Legierung gebildet oder beschichtet sind. Dadurch werden Verunreinigungen während der Verarbeitung der verwendeten Legierung vermieden.A device for carrying out the method according to the invention is characterized in that those parts of the device which experience wear due to friction with the injectable granulate mass are formed or coated from the material of the alloy to be processed. This prevents contamination during processing of the alloy used.
Durch die Erfindung wird insbesondere die Schwingfestigkeit des Materials verbessert. Es lassen sich vorteilhaft auch komplizierte Teile mit hohen Anforderungen an das Endprofil herstellen, wie z. B. Lauf- und Leitschaufeln von Turbinen oder integrale Turbinenräder. Nach der Spritzverformung befindet sich das gefertigte Formteil in einer Form, die eine anschließende spanabhebende oder elektrochemische Bearbeitung allenfalls in geringem Umfang erfordert. Insbesondere die drastische Reduzierung des Zerspannungsaufwands gegenüber den bekannten eingangs erwähnten Herstellungsverfahren von Formteilen schafft demnach ein einfaches Herstellungsverfahren mit hochwertigem Ergebnis, das im Vergleich zu bekannten Verfahren sehr kostengünstig ist.In particular, the vibration resistance of the material is improved by the invention. It can also advantageously produce complicated parts with high demands on the end profile, such as. B. turbine blades and vanes or integral turbine wheels. After the injection molding, the finished molded part is in a form that may require a subsequent machining or electrochemical processing to a small extent. In particular, the drastic reduction in the machining effort compared to the known manufacturing processes for molded parts mentioned in the introduction creates a simple manufacturing process with a high-quality result, which is very inexpensive in comparison with known processes.
Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung beispielhaft beschrieben:
- Ausgangsmaterial ist ein Pulver der entsprechenden Legierung oder ein Gemisch von Pulvern der Legierungskomponenten. Dieses Pulver wird mit Hilfe von Thermoplasten, Duroplasten und Gleitmitteln zu einer spritzfähigen Masse aufbereitet. Die Masse enthält 30 bis 50 Volumenprozente Kunststoff.
- The starting material is a powder of the corresponding alloy or a mixture of powders of the alloy components. This powder is made into a sprayable mass with the help of thermoplastics, thermosets and lubricants. The mass contains 30 to 50 percent by volume of plastic.
Als Kunststoff kommen in Frage:
- Thermoplaste: Polyäthylene, Polystyrol, Polyamide, Cellulose sowie deren Derivate
- Duroplaste: Epoxidharze, Phenolharze, Polyimide
- Gleitmittel: Stearinsäure, Stearate, Wachse.
- Thermoplastics: polyethylene, polystyrene, polyamides, cellulose and their derivatives
- Thermosets: epoxy resins, phenolic resins, polyimides
- Lubricants: stearic acid, stearates, waxes.
Die verwendeten Kunststoffe werden in einem Lösungsmittel, das die Metalle nicht angreift, gelöst und mit dem Metallpulver gemischt. Anschließend wird das Lösungsmittel abgedampft, und die Masse zu einem spritzfähigen Granulat aufbereitet. Dieses Granulat läßt sich nun durch Spritzguß zum Formteil verarbeiten.The plastics used are dissolved in a solvent that does not attack the metals and mixed with the metal powder. The solvent is then removed vapors, and the mass is processed into an injectable granulate. These granules can now be processed into molded parts by injection molding.
Durch eine Wärmebehandlung bis 600 °C unter Schutzgas wird der Kunststoff aus dem Formteil nach dem Spritzvergießen entfernt. Anschließend wird das Teil gesintert, wobei der Sintervorgang unter Schutzgas oder Vakuum bei Temperaturen von 50 bis 90 % der Schmelztemperatur des verwendeten Metalles erfolgt. Hierbei schrumpft das Teil linear zwischen 10 und 25 % und erreicht eine Enddichte von 95 bis 98 % der theoretischen Dichte des Materials.The plastic is removed from the molded part after injection molding by heat treatment up to 600 ° C under protective gas. The part is then sintered, the sintering process taking place under a protective gas or vacuum at temperatures of 50 to 90% of the melting temperature of the metal used. The part shrinks linearly between 10 and 25% and reaches a final density of 95 to 98% of the theoretical density of the material.
Bei hochbelasteten Teilen kann durch heißisostatisches Nachverdichten (Druck: 500 bis 3000 bar, Temperatur wie beim Sintern) die Dichte auf nahezu 100 % gebracht werden, wodurch die Festigkeit erheblich zunimmt.In the case of highly stressed parts, hot isostatic post-compression (pressure: 500 to 3000 bar, temperature as in sintering) can bring the density to almost 100%, which increases the strength considerably.
Die Anwendung des Verfahrens bietet sich bei folgenden Legierungen hauptsächlich an:
- Ni-Basis-Legierungen
- Cr-Basis-Legierungen
- Ti-Legierungen
- Dispersiongehärtete Legierungen.
- Ni-based alloys
- Cr-based alloys
- Ti alloys
- Dispersion hardened alloys.
Je nach Legierungstyp muß das Verfahren modifiziert werden, um das bestmögliche Ergebnis zu erzielen.Depending on the type of alloy, the process must be modified in order to achieve the best possible result.
Hauptproblem bei Nickel-Basis-Legierungen ist, daß die meisten Bindemittel beim Ausbrennen freien Kohlenstoff hinterlassen. Dieser kann die Eigenschaften des zu fertigenden Formteils verschlechtern.The main problem with nickel-based alloys is that most binders leave free carbon when burned out. This can impair the properties of the molded part to be manufactured.
Um das Problem zu überwinden, kommen hauptsächlich folgende Abhilfen in Frage:
- - Verwendung eines kohlenstoffarmen Ausgangspulvers, so daß trotz des zurückbleibenden Kohlenstoffs der maximal zulässige C-Anteil im Teil nicht überschritten wird.
- - Verwendung von Bindemitteln, die wenig Kohlenstoff zurücklassen, z. B. Polyäthylene, Stearate.
- - Einschaltung einer Wärmebehandlung unter Wasserstoff nach dem Ausbrennen, wobei als Betriebsbedingungen ein Druck von 1 bis 300 bar und eine Temperatur von 400 bis 1000 °C gewählt werden.
- - Bei Legierungen, die einen kleinen C-Anteil enthalten, wird zweckmäßigerweise nach dem Sintervorgang eine Wärmebehandlung vorgenommen. Der Kohlenstoff aus dem Bindemittel ist inhomogen verteilt. Er befindet sich hauptsächlich an den Stellen, die vor dem Sintern Oberflächen von Pulverkörnern waren. Durch eine Wärmebehandlung läßt sich der Kohlenstoff homogen verteilen.
- - Use of a low-carbon starting powder, so that despite the remaining carbon, the maximum permissible C content in the part is not exceeded.
- - Use of binders that leave little carbon, e.g. B. polyethylene, stearates.
- - Switching on a heat treatment under hydrogen after the burnout, with a pressure of 1 to 300 bar and a temperature of 400 to 1000 ° C being selected as the operating conditions.
- - In the case of alloys which contain a small proportion of C, heat treatment is expediently carried out after the sintering process. The carbon from the binder is inhomogeneously distributed. It is mainly located in the places that were surfaces of powder grains before sintering. The carbon can be homogeneously distributed by heat treatment.
Wie bei Nickel-Basis-Legierungen kann aus den verwendeten Bindemitteln Kohlenstoff frei werden, der die mechanische Festigkeit des Endprodukts beeinträchtigt. Um insgesamt ausreichende mechanische Festigkeit des Materials zu erzielen, wird zwecks Kompensierung des übermäßigen C-Anteils aus den Bindemitteln ein C-armes Ausgangspulver verwendet, so daß trotz des zurückbleibenden Kohlenstoffs aus den Bindemittel der maximal zulässige C-Anteil im Formteil nicht überschritten wird (vergleiche Nickel-Basis-legierungen).As with nickel-based alloys, carbon can be released from the binders used, which affects the mechanical strength of the end product. In order to achieve sufficient mechanical strength of the material overall, a low-C starting powder is used to compensate for the excessive C content from the binders, so that the maximum permissible C content in the molded part is not exceeded despite the remaining carbon from the binders (cf. Nickel-based alloys).
Das Bindemittel spaltet beim Ausbrennen Wasserstoff ab. Wasserstoff ist in Titan-Legierungen gut löslich und verschlechtert die Festigkeitseigenschaften. Der Wasserstoff muß durch Wärmebehandlung nach bekannten Methoden im Vakuum oder unter Schutzgas entfernt werden.The binder releases hydrogen when it burns out. Hydrogen is readily soluble in titanium alloys and worsens the strength properties. The hydrogen must be removed by heat treatment using known methods in vacuo or under a protective gas.
Titan-Legierungen sind sehr leicht oxidierbar. Alle Verfahrensschritte, die bei einer höheren Temperatur als der Raumtemperatur erfolgen, sind zweckmäßigerweise daher im Vakuum oder unter Schutzgas vorzunehmen. Hierzu gehören insbesondere das Mischen der Masse und das Spritzen der Formteile. Vorteilhafterweise werden an sich bekannte evakuierbare Mischer verwendet. Zum Spritzen verwendet man zweckmäßigerweise evakuierbare Spritzgußmaschinen.Titanium alloys can be oxidized very easily. All process steps that take place at a temperature higher than room temperature should therefore be carried out in a vacuum or under protective gas. This includes, in particular, mixing the mass and spraying the molded parts. Known evacuable mixers are advantageously used. Evacuable injection molding machines are expediently used for spraying.
Chrom-Legierungen sind den Nickel-Legierungen hinsichtlich der chemischen Eigenschaften sehr ähnlich, weshalb auch die Problematik die gleiche ist. Zur Oberwindung des Problems des freien Sauerstoffs kommen Abhilfen in Frage, wie unter Ni-Basis-Legierungen angegeben.Chromium alloys are very similar to nickel alloys in terms of their chemical properties, which is why the problem is the same. Remedies can be used to overcome the problem of free oxygen, as stated under Ni-based alloys.
Bei dispersionsgehärteten Legierungen handelt es sich um zwei oder mehrphasige Werkstoffe, bei denen die Matrix aus einer oxidationsbeständigen, meist einphasigen Legierung besteht. In die Matrix sind Teilchen einer zweiten Phase (oder mehrerer Phasen) eingelagert.Dispersion hardened alloys are two or multi-phase materials in which the matrix consists of an oxidation-resistant, usually single-phase alloy. Particles of a second phase (or more phases) are embedded in the matrix.
Kennzeichen dispersionsgehärteter Legierungen ist es, daß die Teilchen nicht in der Matrix gelöst werden können. Die Teilchen bewirken eine Härtung des Werkstoffes. Vorteil der dispersionsgehärteten Legierung ist ihre Alterungsbeständigkeit bei hoher Temperatur, die auf der Unlöslichkeit der zweiten Phase beruht.The characteristic of dispersion-hardened alloys is that the particles cannot be dissolved in the matrix. The particles cause the material to harden. The advantage of the dispersion-hardened alloy is its aging Resistance at high temperature due to the insolubility of the second phase.
Bei der Herstellung von solchen Legierungen sind vornehmlich zwei Schwierigkeiten zu überwinden:
- - die Teilchen der zweiten Phase müssen möglichst klein sein ( 1 m);
- - die Teilchen sollen homogen in der Matrix verteilt sein.
- - the particles of the second phase must be as small as possible (1 m);
- - The particles should be distributed homogeneously in the matrix.
üblicherweise werden die Teilchen in die Schmelze der Matrix-Legierung eingebracht. Dieses Verfahren hat den Nachteil, daß sich wegen der Dichteunterschiede von Matrix und Teilchen Konzentrationsgradienten beim Abgießen der Formteile einstellen. Durch Adhäsionskräfte neigen die Teilchen zusätzlich zum Verklumpen. Insgesamt ist nur eine sehr unbefriedigende Teilchenverteilung zu erzielen. Eine Homogenisierung durch plastische Umformung ist nicht möglich, da bei den bekannten Legierungen die plastische Verformbarkeit nicht ausreicht.The particles are usually introduced into the melt of the matrix alloy. This method has the disadvantage that concentration gradients occur when the molded parts are poured because of the density differences between the matrix and the particles. Adhesive forces also tend to clump the particles. Overall, only a very unsatisfactory particle distribution can be achieved. A homogenization by plastic forming is not possible, since the plastic deformability is not sufficient with the known alloys.
Beim erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren sind sehr homogene Teilchenverteilungen herstellbar. Die Teilchen werden dem Matrix-Pulver zugesetzt und mit diesem vermischt. Da während des gesamten Prozesses keine Schmelzphase vorliegt, ist Entmischung oder Gradientenbildung nicht möglich. Auch bei den Schritten "Aufbereiten der Masse und Spritzgießen" wird die Verteilung nicht verschlechtert, sondern eher noch verbessert. Die erzielbare sehr homogene Teilchenverteilung hat erheblich bessere Festigkeitseigenschaften der Formteile zur Folge als nach bekannten Herstellungsverfahren.Very homogeneous particle distributions can be produced in the method according to the invention. The particles are added to the matrix powder and mixed with it. Since there is no melting phase during the entire process, segregation or gradient formation is not possible. Even with the steps "preparation of the mass and injection molding" the distribution is not deteriorated, but rather improved. The very homogeneous particle distribution that can be achieved results in considerably better strength properties of the molded parts than in known manufacturing processes.
Um Verunreinigungen während der Verarbeitung zu vermeiden, sind folgende Modifikationen des Verfahrens möglich:
- Diejenigen Teile der Mischmaschine (Behälter und Knetarme) sowie diejenigen Teile der verwendeten Spritzgutßmaschine (Schnecke, Zylinder, Rückstromsperre, Düse), die durch Reibung mit der Masse Verschleiß erfahren, werden aus dem Material der zu verarbeitenden Legierung hergestellt oder mit diesen beschichtet. Es ist auch denkbar, ähnliche Legierungen zu verwenden oder nur einen oder mehrere Bestandteile der Legierung, die sich hierfür besonders eignen.
- - Bei Legierungen, die Kohlenstoff enthalten, kann das Bindemittel als Kohlenstoffspender herangezogen werden.
- - Nach der Sinterung kann sich eine Wärmebehandlung anslchließen, um die für den Einsatz des Formteils günstigste Korngröße einzustellen.
- Those parts of the mixing machine (containers and kneading arms) as well as those parts of the injection molding machine used (screw, cylinder, non-return valve, nozzle) that are subject to wear due to friction with the mass are produced from or coated with the material of the alloy to be processed. It is also conceivable to use similar alloys or only one or more components of the alloy that are particularly suitable for this.
- - For alloys that contain carbon, the binder can be used as a carbon donor.
- - After the sintering, a heat treatment can follow in order to set the grain size most favorable for the use of the molded part.
Es kann mit eingelegten, verlorenen Kernen gespritzt werden. Der Kern besteht aus einem Material, das sich beim Ausbrennen ebenfalls zersetzt (Kernmaterialien: Kunststoffe, bevorzugt Duroplaste, eventuell C-Faser-verstärkt). Mit Hilfe von Kernen lassen sich z. B. komplizierte Kühlkonfigurationen in Turbinenschaufeln leicht herstellen.It can be sprayed with inserted, lost kernels. The core consists of a material that also decomposes when it burns out (core materials: plastics, preferably thermosets, possibly reinforced with C fibers). With the help of cores z. B. Easily produce complicated cooling configurations in turbine blades.
Claims (11)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3120501A DE3120501C2 (en) | 1981-05-22 | 1981-05-22 | "Process and device for the production of molded parts" |
DE3120501 | 1981-05-22 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0065702A2 true EP0065702A2 (en) | 1982-12-01 |
EP0065702A3 EP0065702A3 (en) | 1983-02-02 |
Family
ID=6133031
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP82104097A Withdrawn EP0065702A3 (en) | 1981-05-22 | 1982-05-12 | Method and apparatus for making preshapes |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4478790A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0065702A3 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS57198202A (en) |
DE (1) | DE3120501C2 (en) |
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0111079A2 (en) * | 1982-12-07 | 1984-06-20 | Hutschenreuther AG | Method of preparing ceramic compositions to be injection-moulded |
US4582677A (en) * | 1980-09-22 | 1986-04-15 | Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho | Method for producing honeycomb-shaped metal moldings |
WO1986005424A1 (en) * | 1985-03-15 | 1986-09-25 | MTU MOTOREN- UND TURBINEN-UNION MüNCHEN GMBH | Production process for sintered compacts |
EP0203197A1 (en) * | 1984-10-26 | 1986-12-03 | Japan as represented by Director-General, Agency of Industrial Science and Technology | Process for producing super-heat-resistant alloy material |
WO1987000781A1 (en) * | 1985-07-31 | 1987-02-12 | MTU MOTOREN- UND TURBINEN-UNION MüNCHEN GMBH | Construction elements produced by powder metallurgy |
EP0235165A1 (en) * | 1985-08-29 | 1987-09-09 | Gorham Advanced Materials Institute, Inc. | Pressure assisted sinter process |
EP0260812A2 (en) * | 1986-09-15 | 1988-03-23 | Inco Alloys International, Inc. | Production of water atomized powder metallurgy products |
DE3907022A1 (en) * | 1988-03-11 | 1989-09-21 | Krupp Gmbh | Process for producing sintered parts from fine metal or ceramic powders |
EP0517129A2 (en) * | 1991-06-01 | 1992-12-09 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Moldable mass for the production of sintered inorganic articles |
WO2000006327A2 (en) * | 1998-07-29 | 2000-02-10 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Method for producing components by metallic powder injection moulding |
DE102006049844A1 (en) * | 2006-10-20 | 2008-04-24 | Gkss-Forschungszentrum Geesthacht Gmbh | Process for the production of components for internal combustion engines or turbines |
EP2018917A1 (en) | 2007-07-15 | 2009-01-28 | General Electric Company | Injection molding methods for manufacturing components capable of transporting liquids |
Families Citing this family (29)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4609527A (en) * | 1985-05-24 | 1986-09-02 | Rinderle James R | Powder consolidation and machining |
JPH079004B2 (en) * | 1985-11-08 | 1995-02-01 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Sintering method for iron-based powder compacts |
DE3611271A1 (en) * | 1986-04-04 | 1987-10-15 | Licentia Gmbh | Process for producing metal shaped parts |
DE3644871A1 (en) * | 1986-04-04 | 1987-10-15 | Licentia Gmbh | Method for controlling the sintering of metal shaped parts produced by diecasting powdered metal |
JPS62294142A (en) * | 1986-06-12 | 1987-12-21 | Agency Of Ind Science & Technol | Production of nickel-titanium alloy |
DE3626360C2 (en) * | 1986-08-04 | 1995-06-22 | Vogt Electronic Ag | Manufacturing process for two-pole and multi-pole permanent magnets with high magnetic energy density |
US4882110A (en) * | 1987-01-27 | 1989-11-21 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | CO2 copolymer binder for forming ceramic bodies and a shaping process using the same |
JPH0647682B2 (en) * | 1987-09-10 | 1994-06-22 | 株式会社トーキン | Manufacturing method of sintered metal |
US5145908A (en) * | 1988-02-22 | 1992-09-08 | Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc. | Method for molding ceramic powders using a water-based gel casting process |
US4894194A (en) * | 1988-02-22 | 1990-01-16 | Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc. | Method for molding ceramic powders |
US5028362A (en) * | 1988-06-17 | 1991-07-02 | Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc. | Method for molding ceramic powders using a water-based gel casting |
US4964907A (en) * | 1988-08-20 | 1990-10-23 | Kawasaki Steel Corp. | Sintered bodies and production process thereof |
JPH02225602A (en) * | 1988-11-29 | 1990-09-07 | Daicel Chem Ind Ltd | Manufacture of sintered metal |
JPH02209402A (en) * | 1989-02-07 | 1990-08-20 | Nkk Corp | Titanium powder or manufacture of titanium alloy powder sintered body |
DE3912298A1 (en) * | 1989-04-14 | 1990-10-18 | Basf Ag | METHOD FOR DEWARNING AND IMPROVING THE PROPERTIES OF INJECTION MOLDED METAL PARTS |
US5468193A (en) * | 1990-10-25 | 1995-11-21 | Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Inscribed planetary gear device having powder injection molded external gear |
JP2592930Y2 (en) * | 1991-12-11 | 1999-03-31 | 日本電熱株式会社 | Coffee mill cutter parts |
US5665014A (en) * | 1993-11-02 | 1997-09-09 | Sanford; Robert A. | Metal golf club head and method of manufacture |
US6066279A (en) * | 1997-09-16 | 2000-05-23 | Lockheed Martin Energy Research Corp. | Gelcasting methods |
US6280683B1 (en) | 1997-10-21 | 2001-08-28 | Hoeganaes Corporation | Metallurgical compositions containing binding agent/lubricant and process for preparing same |
DE69842036D1 (en) * | 1997-10-21 | 2011-01-20 | Hoeganaes Corp | IMPROVED METALLURGICAL COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING BINDER / SOFT MAKER AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
US6221289B1 (en) | 1998-08-07 | 2001-04-24 | Core-Tech, Inc. | Method of making ceramic elements to be sintered and binder compositions therefor |
US6325964B1 (en) * | 2000-09-18 | 2001-12-04 | New Century Technology Co., Ltd. | Method of manufacturing high-density titanium alloy article |
US20060251536A1 (en) * | 2005-05-05 | 2006-11-09 | General Electric Company | Microwave processing of mim preforms |
US7883662B2 (en) * | 2007-11-15 | 2011-02-08 | Viper Technologies | Metal injection molding methods and feedstocks |
FR2949366B1 (en) * | 2009-08-31 | 2011-11-18 | Snecma | MIM PROCESSING OF A PIECE PIECE FOR THE REPAIR OF A TURBINE DISPENSER BLADE |
US8124187B2 (en) | 2009-09-08 | 2012-02-28 | Viper Technologies | Methods of forming porous coatings on substrates |
CN107159878A (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2017-09-15 | 昆山卡德姆新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of metal charge body and its preparation method and application |
CN111644625B (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2022-05-24 | 东睦新材料集团股份有限公司 | Preparation method of chromium alloy fuel cell connecting piece |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1024349A (en) * | 1949-09-12 | 1953-03-31 | Production Tool Alloy Company | Process for the production of molds and molded articles from sinterable powder materials |
GB779242A (en) * | 1952-08-11 | 1957-07-17 | Standard Telephones Cables Ltd | Improvements in or relating to the formation of moulded articles from sinterable materials |
FR1466697A (en) * | 1966-01-25 | 1967-01-20 | Coors Porcelain Co | Process for the manufacture of ceramic objects |
FR2390230A1 (en) * | 1978-05-10 | 1978-12-08 | Johnson Matthey Co Ltd | DEVELOPMENT CONCERNING THE MANUFACTURE OF METAL ARTICLES |
DE2930211A1 (en) * | 1978-07-28 | 1980-02-07 | Ngk Spark Plug Co | METHOD FOR PRODUCING HIGH-DENSITY SINTER PRODUCTS |
DE2904707A1 (en) * | 1979-02-08 | 1980-08-21 | Manfred Dipl Chem Dr Re Sauber | Shaped ceramic articles, e.g. thread guides - made by injection moulding a doughy ceramic-binder mass and drying and calcining the mouldings |
EP0032404A1 (en) * | 1980-01-14 | 1981-07-22 | WITEC Cayman Patents Ltd. | Method and means for removing binder from a green body |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2593943A (en) * | 1949-03-01 | 1952-04-22 | Thompson Prod Inc | Methods of molding powders of metal character |
DE1964426C3 (en) * | 1969-12-23 | 1974-03-21 | Reinhold 1000 Berlin Ruestig | Mouldable and hardenable mixture of synthetic resins and metal powder and process for the production of pressure-resistant and heat-resistant sintered bodies from them |
US4113480A (en) * | 1976-12-09 | 1978-09-12 | Cabot Corporation | Method of injection molding powder metal parts |
-
1981
- 1981-05-22 DE DE3120501A patent/DE3120501C2/en not_active Expired
-
1982
- 1982-05-03 US US06/373,827 patent/US4478790A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1982-05-12 EP EP82104097A patent/EP0065702A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1982-05-19 JP JP57085647A patent/JPS57198202A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1024349A (en) * | 1949-09-12 | 1953-03-31 | Production Tool Alloy Company | Process for the production of molds and molded articles from sinterable powder materials |
GB779242A (en) * | 1952-08-11 | 1957-07-17 | Standard Telephones Cables Ltd | Improvements in or relating to the formation of moulded articles from sinterable materials |
FR1466697A (en) * | 1966-01-25 | 1967-01-20 | Coors Porcelain Co | Process for the manufacture of ceramic objects |
FR2390230A1 (en) * | 1978-05-10 | 1978-12-08 | Johnson Matthey Co Ltd | DEVELOPMENT CONCERNING THE MANUFACTURE OF METAL ARTICLES |
DE2930211A1 (en) * | 1978-07-28 | 1980-02-07 | Ngk Spark Plug Co | METHOD FOR PRODUCING HIGH-DENSITY SINTER PRODUCTS |
DE2904707A1 (en) * | 1979-02-08 | 1980-08-21 | Manfred Dipl Chem Dr Re Sauber | Shaped ceramic articles, e.g. thread guides - made by injection moulding a doughy ceramic-binder mass and drying and calcining the mouldings |
EP0032404A1 (en) * | 1980-01-14 | 1981-07-22 | WITEC Cayman Patents Ltd. | Method and means for removing binder from a green body |
Cited By (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4582677A (en) * | 1980-09-22 | 1986-04-15 | Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho | Method for producing honeycomb-shaped metal moldings |
EP0111079A2 (en) * | 1982-12-07 | 1984-06-20 | Hutschenreuther AG | Method of preparing ceramic compositions to be injection-moulded |
EP0111079A3 (en) * | 1982-12-07 | 1986-04-23 | Hutschenreuther Ag | Method of preparing ceramic compositions to be injection-moulded |
EP0203197A1 (en) * | 1984-10-26 | 1986-12-03 | Japan as represented by Director-General, Agency of Industrial Science and Technology | Process for producing super-heat-resistant alloy material |
EP0203197A4 (en) * | 1984-10-26 | 1987-03-30 | Agency Ind Science Techn | Process for producing super-heat-resistant alloy material. |
US4710345A (en) * | 1984-10-26 | 1987-12-01 | Japan as represented by Director-General, Agency of Industrial Science & Technology | Manufacturing method of super-heat-resisting alloy material |
WO1986005424A1 (en) * | 1985-03-15 | 1986-09-25 | MTU MOTOREN- UND TURBINEN-UNION MüNCHEN GMBH | Production process for sintered compacts |
WO1987000781A1 (en) * | 1985-07-31 | 1987-02-12 | MTU MOTOREN- UND TURBINEN-UNION MüNCHEN GMBH | Construction elements produced by powder metallurgy |
US4886639A (en) * | 1985-07-31 | 1989-12-12 | Mtu Motoren- Und Turbinen-Union Muenchen Gmbh | Construction elements produced by powder metallurgy |
EP0235165A4 (en) * | 1985-08-29 | 1988-08-23 | Gorham Int Inc | Pressure assisted sinter process. |
EP0235165A1 (en) * | 1985-08-29 | 1987-09-09 | Gorham Advanced Materials Institute, Inc. | Pressure assisted sinter process |
EP0260812A2 (en) * | 1986-09-15 | 1988-03-23 | Inco Alloys International, Inc. | Production of water atomized powder metallurgy products |
EP0260812A3 (en) * | 1986-09-15 | 1988-11-17 | Inco Alloys International, Inc. | Production of water atomized powder metallurgy products |
DE3907022A1 (en) * | 1988-03-11 | 1989-09-21 | Krupp Gmbh | Process for producing sintered parts from fine metal or ceramic powders |
EP0517129A2 (en) * | 1991-06-01 | 1992-12-09 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Moldable mass for the production of sintered inorganic articles |
EP0517129A3 (en) * | 1991-06-01 | 1993-03-03 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Moldable mass for the production of sintered inorganic articles |
TR27113A (en) * | 1991-06-01 | 1994-11-08 | Hoechst Ag | Mold mass for the production of inorganic sinter products. |
WO2000006327A2 (en) * | 1998-07-29 | 2000-02-10 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Method for producing components by metallic powder injection moulding |
WO2000006327A3 (en) * | 1998-07-29 | 2000-05-04 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Method for producing components by metallic powder injection moulding |
DE102006049844A1 (en) * | 2006-10-20 | 2008-04-24 | Gkss-Forschungszentrum Geesthacht Gmbh | Process for the production of components for internal combustion engines or turbines |
EP2018917A1 (en) | 2007-07-15 | 2009-01-28 | General Electric Company | Injection molding methods for manufacturing components capable of transporting liquids |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0065702A3 (en) | 1983-02-02 |
DE3120501A1 (en) | 1982-12-09 |
JPS57198202A (en) | 1982-12-04 |
US4478790A (en) | 1984-10-23 |
DE3120501C2 (en) | 1983-02-10 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP0065702A2 (en) | Method and apparatus for making preshapes | |
EP1523390B1 (en) | Method for producing highly porous metallic moulded bodies close to the desired final contours | |
DE2351846A1 (en) | METAL POWDER Sintering Process | |
DE2813892A1 (en) | POWDER METALLURGICAL PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF METAL PARTS FROM METAL POWDER BY ISOSTATIC HOT PRESSING | |
DE2166252C3 (en) | Injection mouldable refractory material mixture and method for making refractory articles therefrom. Elimination from: 2157845 | |
EP3069802A1 (en) | Method for producing a component made of a compound material with a metal matrix and incorporated intermetallic phases | |
WO2000006327A2 (en) | Method for producing components by metallic powder injection moulding | |
DE2650982A1 (en) | PROCESS FOR ISOSTATIC HOT COMPRESSION | |
WO2002011928A1 (en) | Method for the production of precise components by means of laser sintering | |
EP1268868B1 (en) | Powder metallurgical method for producing high-density shaped parts | |
DE69015035T2 (en) | Process for producing sintered Fe-P alloy moldings with soft magnetic properties. | |
EP1979502B1 (en) | Iron-nickel-cobalt alloy | |
EP0800882A2 (en) | Process for preparing granulate and articles from hard metal or cermet material | |
DE102019200620A1 (en) | Process for the production of rotor blades made of Ni-based alloys and rotor blade produced accordingly | |
WO2010139571A1 (en) | Method for producing a rotor of a turbocharger | |
DE69125539T2 (en) | Process for the production of precision metal bodies by powder molding processes | |
EP3898033B1 (en) | Post-treatment process of a workpiece produced by additive manufacturing | |
EP0217807B1 (en) | Sintering method | |
EP0853995B1 (en) | Injection moulding composition containing metal oxide for making metal shapes | |
DE2001341A1 (en) | Alloy or mixed metal based on molybdenum | |
EP0710516A2 (en) | Process and injection-moulding compound for the manufacturing of shaped metallic bodies | |
EP0256449B1 (en) | Powder-metallurgical manufacture of work pieces from a heat-resisting aluminium alloy | |
DE19505689C2 (en) | Casting mold for the production of castings from reactive metals | |
US5015294A (en) | Composition suitable for injection molding of metal alloy, or metal carbide powders | |
DE69916763T2 (en) | Process for the preparation of heat-treated, spray-cast superalloy articles |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
PUAL | Search report despatched |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT NL SE |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT NL SE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19830628 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN WITHDRAWN |
|
18W | Application withdrawn |
Withdrawal date: 19841208 |
|
RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: ROSSMANN, AXEL, ING.-GRAD. Inventor name: HUETHER, WERNER, DR.-ING. |