EP0061617A1 - Combustion chamber for heating boilers - Google Patents

Combustion chamber for heating boilers Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0061617A1
EP0061617A1 EP82101894A EP82101894A EP0061617A1 EP 0061617 A1 EP0061617 A1 EP 0061617A1 EP 82101894 A EP82101894 A EP 82101894A EP 82101894 A EP82101894 A EP 82101894A EP 0061617 A1 EP0061617 A1 EP 0061617A1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
combustion chamber
plate
plate elements
elements
chamber according
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EP82101894A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0061617B1 (en
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Heinz Helmut Piest
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
    • F24B13/00—Details solely applicable to stoves or ranges burning solid fuels 
    • F24B13/02—Arrangement or mountings of fire-grate assemblies; Arrangement or mountings of linings for fire-boxes, e.g. fire-backs 

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a combustion chamber for boilers, in particular with oil firing, from sections which can be placed next to one another, preferably freely set up, to form a trough-shaped or preferably tubular unit enclosing the flame, which in turn are constructed from floor and / or wall elements and are arranged in the combustion chamber of the boiler.
  • Combustion chambers of this type are known. They serve among other things for the subsequent conversion of a boiler from a firing with solid fuels, e.g. Coal, on oil burner. Above all, the combustion chamber should ensure correct guidance of the heating gas and prevent it from reaching the chimney in a short way without transferring its heat content to the boiler.
  • the combustion chamber also serves to protect the boiler against local overheating or hypothermia.
  • the flame of an oil burner has a very different temperature distribution, with the maximum temperature being reached at a relatively great distance from the burner nozzles. Without protective measures for the boiler, there is therefore a risk that the boiler parts exposed to the hot flame areas will be damaged by overheating, while, on the other hand, deposits may form on the boiler parts exposed to the cold flame zones, which, due to chemically aggressive constituents, become one Corrosion of the boiler can lead and otherwise hinder the heat transfer from the flame to the boiler.
  • a combustion chamber with correspondingly arranged outlet paths for the heating gases on the other hand, uniform heating of the boiler can be achieved without any problems.
  • the combustion chamber reflects the heat emitted by the flame back onto the flame, so that an increased flame temperature can be achieved.
  • even flame-retardant components of the oil-air mixture can be broken down and burned. This afterburning of the oil flame ensures a small amount of pollutants in the fire exhaust gases, so that the pollution of the atmosphere is significantly reduced.
  • Known combustion chambers consist of chamotte shaped bricks of different shapes.
  • the sections of which can be assembled into a tubular unit each consist of a flat base plate and semi-arch parts which can be placed thereon and which can be assembled into a U-shaped arch part, the legs of which are held in grooves on the base plate .
  • the object of the invention is now to create a combustion chamber, the shape and dimensions of which can be adapted to different combustion chambers and which consists of as few different parts as possible.
  • sections of the combustion chamber are constructed from interchangeably similar plate elements with a substantially rectangular shape in plan view.
  • tubular or trough-shaped combustion chambers with practically any cross-sections can be created; the plate elements only need to be held against one another or against floor or wall surfaces of the combustion chamber, if necessary, by supporting or connecting elements.
  • a self-supporting combustion chamber can easily be achieved if it is constructed from one or more sections, each composed of three plate elements, with an approximately triangular cross-section. This triangular shape of the combustion chamber is a surprisingly favorable compromise in terms of simple construction and favorable influencing of the flame, in particular by reflection of the heat radiation emanating from the flame.
  • the plate elements can be arched in order to be able to approximate the combustion chamber cross-section to the shape of a circle or arc, so that a particularly large interior can be reached with given external dimensions.
  • edge areas which are thickened or folded over to the outside of the combustion chamber are expediently arranged, which allow the plate element to be supported on a support surface, for example the bottom surface of the combustion chamber, preferably at a distance therefrom.
  • the folded or thickened Edge areas serve as feet or supports of the plate elements and ensure a tilt-proof arrangement even if the latter are curved.
  • wedge-shaped, thickened corner regions are preferably formed on the outside thereof.
  • support strips extending over the length of the plate elements can also be arranged. When the plate elements are supported on the walls of the combustion chamber, these strips serve to keep space outside the combustion chamber for the guidance of the flue gases within the combustion chamber.
  • the thickenings or the like for the arrangement of grooves, holes. serve in which connecting elements can be used to hold the plate elements together in sections.
  • the grooves and tongues can expediently serve to assemble a plate element arranged as the base plate of the combustion chamber with plate elements which serve as side plates and which can rest on a combustion chamber wall at their edge facing away from the base plate. With appropriate training, the grooves and tongues enable the plate elements to be joined together at different angles. Trough-shaped combustion chambers can thus also be assembled, for example.
  • the plate elements can have, at their edges abutting adjacent plate elements within a section, a bore arranged approximately parallel to the edge for receiving pins, clamps or the like.
  • interlocking projections and depressions can be arranged on the plate elements for their section-wise connection at abutting edges. This eliminates the need for separate connecting means for holding the plate elements together.
  • the projections can expediently be arranged as tongues or tabs extending essentially in the plane of the plate, between which recesses with a width approximately corresponding to the tongue or tab width remain free.
  • openings for example in the form of perforated patterns, and openings must be arranged on the plate elements. This is facilitated if the plate elements have embossments that facilitate piercing the plate elements to form openings or a hole pattern to be specified.
  • the plate elements preferably consist of a ceramic fiber material, in particular of alumina silicate fibers. Such materials are characterized by their low weight and high fire resistance and, similar to cardboard or the like, can be processed in a simple manner with cutting tools.
  • the ceramic fiber materials can be cast in any shape so that, if desired, complicated shaped elements can also be produced.
  • combustion chamber is preferably constructed from plate elements that are particularly easy to store and ship when manufactured from ceramic fiber materials
  • the invention also generally includes combustion chamber elements made from such materials.
  • the invention is not limited to plate elements made of alumina silicate fibers. Rather, the plate elements can also be formed as stamped parts from sheet metal or as metal cast parts or consist of chamottes.
  • the plate elements can consist of half-plates joined together, so that, if necessary, an even greater variability with regard to the combustion chamber dimensions can be achieved.
  • the plate element 1 shown in Fig. 1 is a cast part made of refractory ceramic fibers, e.g. Alumina silicate fibers and in particular aluminum silicate fibers.
  • the fibers are processed in a manner known per se with a hydraulic-ceramic binder in a vacuum molding process with subsequent oven drying.
  • the plate element 1 consists essentially of a curved rectangular plate 2, at the corner areas of which wedge-shaped thickenings 3 are formed on the concave side of the plate 2. These thickenings 3 allow the plate element 1 to be placed on a flat floor surface, for example the floor of the combustion chamber of a boiler, so that it cannot tip over.
  • bores 4 are arranged parallel to the non-curved edge of the plate 2. These holes 4 or the like for receiving pins, brackets. (Not shown) are used to connect several plate elements 1 to one another or to anchor them in the combustion chamber of a boiler.
  • a rectangular recess 5 is arranged on the one non-curved edge of the plate 2 between the thickenings 3, while a rectangular tongue 6 continuing the plate 2 and having a size corresponding approximately to the recess 5 is formed on the opposite edge.
  • Recesses 7 are embossed on the plate 2, which facilitate piercing the plate 2 to form openings or hole patterns.
  • the plate elements 1 can be assembled into sections 8 which can be set up one behind the other and have a triangular cross section.
  • the tongues 6 of a plate element 1 are each inserted into the recesses 5 of an adjacent plate element 1.
  • Several sections 8 arranged one behind the other form a tubular unit which, as a combustion chamber, has a flame (not shown) of an oil burner or the like. encloses.
  • an end plate 9 can be arranged at one end, preferably also made of a ceramic fiber material, which is inserted with extensions 10 into slot-like recesses, which are arranged on the plate elements 1 of the last section and can be produced by corresponding depressions 7 '(see FIG. 1) of the plate elements 1 are pierced.
  • the end plate 9 diverts the counter-impinging heating gases into a counterflow which, enclosing the flame, sweeps along the walls of the combustion chamber.
  • the heating gases then escape from the combustion chamber through openings arranged in the plate elements or through spaces between the individual sections 8, which are optionally placed one behind the other at a distance.
  • the sections 8 shown in FIG. 2 are self-supporting. If necessary, however, 4 clamps 11 can be inserted into the bores for additional securing, which connect adjacent plate elements 1 to one another.
  • fire-resistant cords made of ceramic fiber materials can also be used.
  • the plate elements 1 can also be connected to one another by means of a ceramic cement.
  • the plate element 1 according to FIG. 3 differs from the plate element according to FIG. 1 essentially in that instead of the wedge-shaped thickenings, two continuous support strips 30, 31 are arranged, which allow the plate element 1 to be placed on a flat surface against tipping and to stiffen the plate element 1 contribute.
  • the one support strip 31 is arranged at a distance from the edge 2 'of the plate 2 of the plate element 1, so that the edge 2' is optionally removed, e.g. can be cut off if the width of the plate 2 is to be reduced.
  • opposing grooves 32 and springs 33 are arranged, which allow a connection of the plate element 1 with other plate elements at largely any angle, so that, for example, trough-shaped combustion chambers can be built by one on the firebox floor
  • Overlying plate element laterally plate elements are attached by means of the grooves 32 and springs 33 and are supported, for example, on the side walls of the combustion chamber.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
  • Wick-Type Burners And Burners With Porous Materials (AREA)

Abstract

1. Combustion chamber for heating boilers, in particular for oil fired heating boilers, comprising at least one section, which partly or wholly surrounds the flame, which is formed by base and wall elements (1), and to the end faces of which further similar sections can be added to from a lengthened or enlarged combustion chamber, characterised in that the section or the sections are constructed as mutually interchangeable plate elements (1) which are substantially rectangular in plan view and which each have tongues (6) or lugs on the one hand and cut-outs (5) on the other hand at two oppositely disposed edges, with the cut-outs having approximately the same width as the tongues (6) or lugs and lying opposite thereto in such a way that the longues (6) of one plate element (1) can be plugged into the corresponding cut-outs (5) of the adjacent plate element inside the respective section.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Brennkammer für Heizkessel, insbesondere mit ölfeuerung, aus zu einer wannen- oder vorzugsweise rohrförmigen, die Flamme umschließenden Einheit aneinanderstellbaren, vorzugsweise frei aufstellbaren Abschnitten, die ihrerseits aus Boden- und/oder Wandelementen aufgebaut und im Feuerraum des Heizkessels angeordnet sind.The invention relates to a combustion chamber for boilers, in particular with oil firing, from sections which can be placed next to one another, preferably freely set up, to form a trough-shaped or preferably tubular unit enclosing the flame, which in turn are constructed from floor and / or wall elements and are arranged in the combustion chamber of the boiler.

Derartige Brennkammern sind bekannt. Sie dienen u.a. zur nachträglichen Umstellung eines Kessels von einer Feuerung mit festen Brennstoffen, wie z.B. Kohle, auf ölbrenner. Dabei soll die Brennkammer vor allem eine richtige Führung des Heizgases sicherstellen und verhindern, daß dieselben auf zu kurzem Wege ohne Übertragung ihres Wärmeinhaltes auf den Kessel in den Rauchfang gelangen.Combustion chambers of this type are known. They serve among other things for the subsequent conversion of a boiler from a firing with solid fuels, e.g. Coal, on oil burner. Above all, the combustion chamber should ensure correct guidance of the heating gas and prevent it from reaching the chimney in a short way without transferring its heat content to the boiler.

Außerdem dient die Brennkammer zum Schutz des Heizkessels vor örtlicher überhitzung bzw. Unterkühlung. Die Flamme eines ölbrenners besitzt nämlich eine stark unterschiedliche Temperaturverteilung, wobei die Maximaltemperatur in verhältnismäßig großer Entfernung von den Brennerdüsen erreicht wird. Ohne Schutzvorkehrungen des Heizkessels besteht deshalb die Gefahr, daß die den heißen Flammenbereichen ausgesetzten Kesselteile durch überhitzung beschädigt werden, während sich andererseits auf den von den kalten Flammenzonen beaufschlagten Kesselteilen Ablagerungen bilden können, die aufgrund chemisch aggressiver Bestandteile zu einer Korrosion des Kessels führen können und im übrigen die Wärmeübertragung von der Flamme auf den Kessel behindern. Mittels einer Brennkammer mit entsprechend angeordneten Austrittswegen für die Heizgase kann dagegen eine gleichförmige Wärmebeaufschlagung des Heizkessels ohne weiteres erreicht werden. Des weite-ren reflektiert die Brennkammer die von der Flamme ausgestrahlte Wärme auf die Flamme zurück, so daß eine erhöhte Flammentemperatur erreichbar ist. Dadurch können auch schwer entflammbare Bestandteile des öl-Luft-Gemisches aufgeschlossen und verbrannt werden. Diese Nachverbrennung der Ölflamme gewährleistet eine geringe Schadstoffmenge in den Brand-Abgasen, so daß die Belastung der Atmosphäre wesentlich vermindert wird.The combustion chamber also serves to protect the boiler against local overheating or hypothermia. The flame of an oil burner has a very different temperature distribution, with the maximum temperature being reached at a relatively great distance from the burner nozzles. Without protective measures for the boiler, there is therefore a risk that the boiler parts exposed to the hot flame areas will be damaged by overheating, while, on the other hand, deposits may form on the boiler parts exposed to the cold flame zones, which, due to chemically aggressive constituents, become one Corrosion of the boiler can lead and otherwise hinder the heat transfer from the flame to the boiler. By means of a combustion chamber with correspondingly arranged outlet paths for the heating gases, on the other hand, uniform heating of the boiler can be achieved without any problems. Furthermore, the combustion chamber reflects the heat emitted by the flame back onto the flame, so that an increased flame temperature can be achieved. As a result, even flame-retardant components of the oil-air mixture can be broken down and burned. This afterburning of the oil flame ensures a small amount of pollutants in the fire exhaust gases, so that the pollution of the atmosphere is significantly reduced.

Bekannte Brennkammern bestehen aus Schamotte-Formsteinen unterschiedlicher Gestalt. Beispielsweise ist eine Standard-Brennkammer auf dem Markt, deren zu einer rohrförmigen Einheit zusammenstellbaren Abschnitte jeweils aus einer ebenen Grundplatte und darauf aufsetzbaren Halb-Bogenteilen bestehen, die sich zu einem U-förmigen Bogenteil zusammensetzen lassen, dessen Schenkel in Nuten auf der Grundplatte festgehalten werden.Known combustion chambers consist of chamotte shaped bricks of different shapes. For example, there is a standard combustion chamber on the market, the sections of which can be assembled into a tubular unit each consist of a flat base plate and semi-arch parts which can be placed thereon and which can be assembled into a U-shaped arch part, the legs of which are held in grooves on the base plate .

Für derartige Brennkammern sind also unterschiedliche Formelemente erforderlich, die nur eine Brennkammerform zulassen und die Lagerhaltung erschweren.Different shaped elements are required for such combustion chambers, which only allow one shape of the combustion chamber and make storage more difficult.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es nun, eine Brennkammer zu schaffen, deren Form und Abmessungen sich unterschiedlichen Feuerräumen anpassen lassen und die aus möglichst wenigen verschiedenartigen Teilen besteht.The object of the invention is now to create a combustion chamber, the shape and dimensions of which can be adapted to different combustion chambers and which consists of as few different parts as possible.

Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, daß die Abschnitte der Brennkammer aus untereinander austauschbar gleichartigen Plattenelementen mit in Draufsicht im wesentlichen rechteckiger Form aufgebaut sind.This object is achieved in that the sections of the combustion chamber are constructed from interchangeably similar plate elements with a substantially rectangular shape in plan view.

Mit derartigen Plattenelementen lassen sich rohr--oder wannenförmige Brennkammern mit praktisch beliebigen Querschnitten erstellen, die Plattenelemente müssen lediglich gegebenenfalls durch Abstütz- bzw. Verbindungselemente gegeneinander bzw. an Boden- oder Wandflächen des Feuerraumes festgehalten werden. Eine selbsttragende Brennkammer kann ohne weiteres erreicht werden, wenn dieselbe aus einem oder mehreren jeweils aus drei Plattenelementen zusammengesetzten Abschnitten mit etwa dreiecksartigem Querschnitt aufgebaut ist. Diese Dreiecksform der Brennkammer ist im Hinblick auf einfache Konstruktion und günstige Beeinflussung der Flamme, insbesondere durch Reflexion der von der Flamme ausgehenden Wärmestrahlung, ein überraschend günstiger Kompromiß.With such plate elements, tubular or trough-shaped combustion chambers with practically any cross-sections can be created; the plate elements only need to be held against one another or against floor or wall surfaces of the combustion chamber, if necessary, by supporting or connecting elements. A self-supporting combustion chamber can easily be achieved if it is constructed from one or more sections, each composed of three plate elements, with an approximately triangular cross-section. This triangular shape of the combustion chamber is a surprisingly favorable compromise in terms of simple construction and favorable influencing of the flame, in particular by reflection of the heat radiation emanating from the flame.

Gegebenenfalls können die Plattenelemente gewölbt ausgebildet sein, um den Brennkammerquerschnitt an Kreis- bzw. Bogenform annähern zu können, so daß bei vorgegebenen Außenabmessungen ein besonders großer Innenraum erreichbar ist.If necessary, the plate elements can be arched in order to be able to approximate the combustion chamber cross-section to the shape of a circle or arc, so that a particularly large interior can be reached with given external dimensions.

An den Plattenelementen sind an deren innerhalb eines Abschnittes aneinanderstoßenden Kanten zweckmäßigerweise zur Außenseite der Brennkammer hin verdickte bzw. umgeschlagene Randbereiche angeordnet, die das Plattenelement auf einer Auflagefläche, etwa der Bodenfläche des Feuerraumes, vorzugsweise mit Abstand von derselben, abzustützen gestatten. Die umgeschlagenen bzw. verdickten Randbereiche dienen als Füße bzw. Abstützungen der Plattenelemente und gewährleisten auch bei gewölbter Ausbildung derselben eine kippsichere Anordnung.On the plate elements, at their edges abutting within a section, edge areas which are thickened or folded over to the outside of the combustion chamber are expediently arranged, which allow the plate element to be supported on a support surface, for example the bottom surface of the combustion chamber, preferably at a distance therefrom. The folded or thickened Edge areas serve as feet or supports of the plate elements and ensure a tilt-proof arrangement even if the latter are curved.

Bei gewölbten Plattenelementen sind vorzugsweise auf deren Außenseite keilförmige, verdickte Eckbereiche angeformt.In the case of curved plate elements, wedge-shaped, thickened corner regions are preferably formed on the outside thereof.

Gegebenenfalls können auch sich über die Länge der Plattenelemente erstreckende Abstützleisten angeordnet sein. Diese Leisten dienen bei Abstützung der Plattenelemente an den Wänden des Feuerraumes dazu, außerhalb der Brennkammer Raum für die Führung der Rauchgase innerhalb des Feuerraumes freizuhalten.If necessary, support strips extending over the length of the plate elements can also be arranged. When the plate elements are supported on the walls of the combustion chamber, these strips serve to keep space outside the combustion chamber for the guidance of the flue gases within the combustion chamber.

Die Verdickungen können zur Anordnung von Nuten, Bohrungen od.dgl. dienen, in die sich Verbindungselemente einsetzen lassen, um die Plattenelemente abschnittsweise zusammenzuhalten. Die Nuten und Federn können zweckmäßig dazu dienen, ein als Bodenplatte der Brennkammer angeordnetes Plattenelement mit als Seitenplatten dienenden Plattenelementen zusammenzufügen, die an ihrer von der Bodenplatte abgewandten Kante an einer Feuerraumwand anliegen können. Die Nuten und Federn ermöglichen bei entsprechender Ausbildung ein Zusammenfügen der Plattenelemente unter unterschiedlichen Winkeln. Somit können beispielsweise auch wannenförmige Brennkammern zusammengesetzt werden.The thickenings or the like for the arrangement of grooves, holes. serve in which connecting elements can be used to hold the plate elements together in sections. The grooves and tongues can expediently serve to assemble a plate element arranged as the base plate of the combustion chamber with plate elements which serve as side plates and which can rest on a combustion chamber wall at their edge facing away from the base plate. With appropriate training, the grooves and tongues enable the plate elements to be joined together at different angles. Trough-shaped combustion chambers can thus also be assembled, for example.

Außerdem können die Plattenelemente an ihren innerhalb eines Abschnittes an benachbarte Plattenelemente anstoßenden Kanten eine etwa parallel zur Kante angeordnete Bohrung zur Aufnahme von Stiften, Klammern od.dgl., haben.In addition, the plate elements can have, at their edges abutting adjacent plate elements within a section, a bore arranged approximately parallel to the edge for receiving pins, clamps or the like.

Des weiteren können an den Plattenelementen zu deren abschnittsweiser Verbindung an aneinanderstoßenden Kanten ineinandergreifende Vorsprünge und Vertiefungen angeordnet sein. Dadurch werden separate Verbindungsmittel zum Zusammenhalt der Plattenelemente miteinander überflüssig.Furthermore, interlocking projections and depressions can be arranged on the plate elements for their section-wise connection at abutting edges. This eliminates the need for separate connecting means for holding the plate elements together.

Die Vorsprünge können zweckmäßigerweise als sich im wesentlichen in Plattenebene erstreckende Zungen bzw. Lappen angeordnet sein, zwischen denen Aussparungen mit einer etwa der Zungen- bzw. Lappenbreite entsprechenden Breite freibleiben.The projections can expediently be arranged as tongues or tabs extending essentially in the plane of the plate, between which recesses with a width approximately corresponding to the tongue or tab width remain free.

Um eine gewünschte Heizgasführung erzielen zu können, müssen an den Plattenelementen gegebenenfalls Öffnungen, beispielsweise in Form von Lochmustern, und Durchbrüche angeordnet werden. Dies wird erleichtert, wenn die Plattenelemente Einprägungen besitzen, die ein Durchstoßen der Plattenelemente zur Bildung von öffnungen bzw. eines vorzugebenden Lochmusters erleichtern.In order to be able to achieve a desired heating gas flow, openings, for example in the form of perforated patterns, and openings must be arranged on the plate elements. This is facilitated if the plate elements have embossments that facilitate piercing the plate elements to form openings or a hole pattern to be specified.

Die Plattenelemente bestehen vorzugsweise aus einem keramischen Fasermaterial, insbesondere aus Tonerdesilikat-Fasern. Derartige Materialien zeichnen sich durch geringes Gewicht und hohe Feuerfestigkeit aus und lassen sich, ähnlich wie Karton od.dgl., in einfacher Weise mit Schneidwerkzeugen bearbeiten.The plate elements preferably consist of a ceramic fiber material, in particular of alumina silicate fibers. Such materials are characterized by their low weight and high fire resistance and, similar to cardboard or the like, can be processed in a simple manner with cutting tools.

Vorteilhafterweise lassen sich die keramischen Fasermaterialien in beliebigen Formen gießen, so daß gewünschtenfalls auch komplizierte Formelemente hergestellt werden können.Advantageously, the ceramic fiber materials can be cast in any shape so that, if desired, complicated shaped elements can also be produced.

Auch wenn die Brennkammer vorzugsweise aus Plattenelementen aufgebaut wird, die sich bei Herstellung aus keramischen Fasermaterialien besonders leicht lagern und versenden lassen, so umfaßt die Erfindung auch ganz allgemein Brennkammerelemente aus derartigen Materialien.Even if the combustion chamber is preferably constructed from plate elements that are particularly easy to store and ship when manufactured from ceramic fiber materials, the invention also generally includes combustion chamber elements made from such materials.

Im übrigen ist die Erfindung nicht auf Plattenelemente aus Tonerdesilikat-Fasern beschränkt. Vielmehr können die Plattenelemente auch als Prägeteile aus Blech bzw. als Metallgußteile ausgebildet sein oder aus Schamotten bestehen.For the rest, the invention is not limited to plate elements made of alumina silicate fibers. Rather, the plate elements can also be formed as stamped parts from sheet metal or as metal cast parts or consist of chamottes.

Außerdem können die Plattenelemente aus aneinandergefügten Halbplatten bestehen, so daß gegebenenfalls eine noch größere Variabilität im Hinblick auf die Brennkammerabmessungen erreichbar ist.In addition, the plate elements can consist of half-plates joined together, so that, if necessary, an even greater variability with regard to the combustion chamber dimensions can be achieved.

Nachfolgend wird ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung erläutert. Dabei zeigt

  • Fig. 1 eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Plattenelementes,
  • Fig. 2 eine Vorderansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Brennkammer und
  • Fig. 3 eine perspektivische Ansicht eines abgewandelten Plattenelementes.
A preferred embodiment of the invention is explained below with reference to the drawing. It shows
  • 1 is a perspective view of a plate element,
  • Fig. 2 is a front view of a combustion chamber according to the invention and
  • Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a modified plate element.

Das in Fig. 1 dargestellte Plattenelement 1 ist als Gußteil aus feuerfesten keramischen Fasern, wie z.B. Tonerdesilikat-Fasern und insbesondere Aluminiumsilikat-Fasern hergestellt. Die Fasern werden in an sich bekannter Weise mit einem hydraulisch-keramischen Bindemittel in einem Vakuum-Formverfahren mit anschließender Ofentrocknung verarbeitet.The plate element 1 shown in Fig. 1 is a cast part made of refractory ceramic fibers, e.g. Alumina silicate fibers and in particular aluminum silicate fibers. The fibers are processed in a manner known per se with a hydraulic-ceramic binder in a vacuum molding process with subsequent oven drying.

Das Plattenelement 1 besteht im wesentlichen aus einer gewölbten rechteckigen Platte 2, an deren Eckbereichen keilförmige Verdickungen 3 auf der Konkavseite der Platte 2 angeformt sind. Diese Verdickungen 3 gestatten es, das Plattenelement 1 kippsicher auf eine ebene Bodenfläche, beispielsweise den Boden des Feuerraums eines Heizkessels, aufzulegen.The plate element 1 consists essentially of a curved rectangular plate 2, at the corner areas of which wedge-shaped thickenings 3 are formed on the concave side of the plate 2. These thickenings 3 allow the plate element 1 to be placed on a flat floor surface, for example the floor of the combustion chamber of a boiler, so that it cannot tip over.

In den keilförmigen Verdickungen 3 sind Bohrungen 4 parallel zur ungewölbten Kante der Platte 2 angeordnet. Diese Bohrungen 4 können zur Aufnahme von Stiften, Klammern od.dgl. (nicht dargestellt) dienen, um mehrere Plattenelemente 1 untereinander verbinden bzw. im Feuerraum eines Heizkessels verankern zu können.In the wedge-shaped thickenings 3 bores 4 are arranged parallel to the non-curved edge of the plate 2. These holes 4 or the like for receiving pins, brackets. (Not shown) are used to connect several plate elements 1 to one another or to anchor them in the combustion chamber of a boiler.

An der einen ungewölbten Kante der Platte 2 ist zwischen den Verdickungen 3 eine rechteckige Aussparung 5 angeordnet, während an der gegenüberliegenden Kante eine die Platte 2 fortsetzende rechteckige Zunge 6 mit einer etwa der Aussparung 5 entsprechenden Größe angeformt ist.A rectangular recess 5 is arranged on the one non-curved edge of the plate 2 between the thickenings 3, while a rectangular tongue 6 continuing the plate 2 and having a size corresponding approximately to the recess 5 is formed on the opposite edge.

Auf der Platte 2 sind Vertiefungen 7 eingeprägt, die ein Durchstoßen der Platte 2 zur Ausbildung von Durchbrüchen bzw. Lochmustern erleichtern.Recesses 7 are embossed on the plate 2, which facilitate piercing the plate 2 to form openings or hole patterns.

Gemäß Fig. 2 lassen sich die Plattenelemente 1 zu hintereinander aufstellbaren Abschnitten 8 mit dreiecksartigem Querschnitt zusammensetzen. Dazu werden die Zungen 6 eines Plattenelementes 1 jeweils in die Aussparungen 5 eines benachbarten Plattenelementes 1 eingesteckt. Mehrere hintereinander aufgestellte Abschnitte 8 bilden dabei eine rohrförmige Einheit, welche als Brennkammer eine nicht dargestellte Flamme eines ölbrenners od.dgl. umschließt.According to FIG. 2, the plate elements 1 can be assembled into sections 8 which can be set up one behind the other and have a triangular cross section. For this purpose, the tongues 6 of a plate element 1 are each inserted into the recesses 5 of an adjacent plate element 1. Several sections 8 arranged one behind the other form a tubular unit which, as a combustion chamber, has a flame (not shown) of an oil burner or the like. encloses.

Als Abschluß der Brennkammer kann an einem Ende eine Abschlußplatte 9 angeordnet sein, vorzugsweise ebenfalls aus einem keramischen Fasermaterial, die mit Fortsätzen 10 in schlitzartige, an den Plattenelementen 1 des letzten Abschnittes angeordnete, schlitzartige Aussparungen eingesteckt ist, die erzeugt werden können, indem entsprechende Vertiefungen 7' (vgl. Fig. 1) der Plattenelemente 1 durchstoßen werden.At the end of the combustion chamber, an end plate 9 can be arranged at one end, preferably also made of a ceramic fiber material, which is inserted with extensions 10 into slot-like recesses, which are arranged on the plate elements 1 of the last section and can be produced by corresponding depressions 7 '(see FIG. 1) of the plate elements 1 are pierced.

Die Abschlußplatte 9 leitet die gegen die aufprallenden Heizgase zu einem Gegenstrom um, der, die Flamme umschließend, an den Wandungen der Brennkammer entlangstreicht.The end plate 9 diverts the counter-impinging heating gases into a counterflow which, enclosing the flame, sweeps along the walls of the combustion chamber.

Die Heizgase entweichen dann aus der Brennkammer durch in den Plattenelementen angeordnete Durchbrüche bzw. durch Zwischenräume zwischen den einzelnen Abschnitten 8, die gegebenenfalls mit Abstand voneinander hintereinander aufgestellt werden.The heating gases then escape from the combustion chamber through openings arranged in the plate elements or through spaces between the individual sections 8, which are optionally placed one behind the other at a distance.

Die in der Fig. 2 dargestellten Abschnitte 8 sind selbsttragend. Gegebenenfalls können jedoch -zur zusätzlichen Sicherung in die Bohrungen 4 Klammern 11 eingesetzt werden, die benachbarte Plattenelemente 1 miteinander verbinden.The sections 8 shown in FIG. 2 are self-supporting. If necessary, however, 4 clamps 11 can be inserted into the bores for additional securing, which connect adjacent plate elements 1 to one another.

Anstelle der Klammern können auch feuerfeste Schnüre aus keramischen Fasermaterialien verwendet werden.Instead of the clips, fire-resistant cords made of ceramic fiber materials can also be used.

Gegebenenfalls können die Plattenelemente 1 auch mittels eines keramischen Kittes miteinander verbunden werden.If necessary, the plate elements 1 can also be connected to one another by means of a ceramic cement.

Das Plattenelement 1 nach Fig. 3 unterscheidet sich von dem Plattenelement nach Fig. 1 im wesentlichen dadurch, daß anstelle der keilförmigen Verdickungen zwei durchgehende Abstützleisten 30,31 angeordnet sind, die das Plattenelement 1 kippsicher auf eine ebene Unterlage aufzulegen gestatten und zur Versteifung des Plattenelementes 1 beitragen. Die eine Abstützleiste 31 ist mit Abstand vom Rand 2' der Platte 2 des Plattenelementes 1 angeordnet, so daß der Rand 2' gegebenenfalls entfernt, z.B. abgeschnitten werden kann, wenn die Breite der Platte 2 verringert werden soll.The plate element 1 according to FIG. 3 differs from the plate element according to FIG. 1 essentially in that instead of the wedge-shaped thickenings, two continuous support strips 30, 31 are arranged, which allow the plate element 1 to be placed on a flat surface against tipping and to stiffen the plate element 1 contribute. The one support strip 31 is arranged at a distance from the edge 2 'of the plate 2 of the plate element 1, so that the edge 2' is optionally removed, e.g. can be cut off if the width of the plate 2 is to be reduced.

Außerdem sind am Plattenelement 1 nach Fig. 3 an den Seitenkanten gegengleiche Nuten 32 und Federn 33 angeordnet, die eine Verbindung des Plattenelementes 1 mit weiteren Plattenelementen unter weitgehend beliebigen Winkeln gestatten, so daß beispielsweise wannenförmige Brennkammern gebaut werden können, indem an ein auf dem Feuerraumboden aufliegendes Plattenelement seitlich Plattenelemente mittels der Nuten 32 und Federn 33 angefügt und beispielsweise an Seitenwänden des Feuerraums abgestützt werden.In addition, on the plate element 1 according to FIG. 3, on the side edges, opposing grooves 32 and springs 33 are arranged, which allow a connection of the plate element 1 with other plate elements at largely any angle, so that, for example, trough-shaped combustion chambers can be built by one on the firebox floor Overlying plate element laterally plate elements are attached by means of the grooves 32 and springs 33 and are supported, for example, on the side walls of the combustion chamber.

Claims (14)

1. Brennkammer für Heizkessel, insbesondere mit ölfeuerung, aus zu einer wannen- oder vorzugsweise rohrförmigen, die Flamme umschließenden Einheit aneinanderstellbaren, vorzugsweise frei aufstellbaren Abschnitten, die ihrerseits aus Boden-und/oder Wandelementen aufgebaut und im Feuerraum des Heizkessels angeordnet sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abschnitte (8) aus untereinander austauschbar gleichartigen Plattenelementen (1) mit in Draufsicht im wesentlichen rechteckiger Form aufgebaut sind.1. Combustion chamber for boilers, in particular with oil firing, from sections which can be placed next to one another, preferably freely standing, to form a trough-shaped or preferably tubular unit enclosing the flame, which sections in turn are constructed from floor and / or wall elements and are arranged in the combustion chamber of the boiler, characterized in that that the sections (8) are constructed from interchangeably similar plate elements (1) with a substantially rectangular shape in plan view. 2. Brennkammer nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dieselbe aus einem oder mehreren, jeweils aus drei Plattenelementen (1) zusammengesetzten Abschnitten (8) mit etwa dreiecksartigem Querschnitt aufgebaut ist.2. Combustion chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that the same from one or more, each composed of three plate elements (1) composed sections (8) is constructed with an approximately triangular cross-section. 3. Brennkammer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 und 2, gekennzeichnet durch gewölbte Plattenelemente (1) zur Annäherung des Brennkammerquerschnittes an Kreis- bzw. Bogenform.3. Combustion chamber according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized by curved plate elements (1) for approximating the combustion chamber cross section to a circular or arc shape. 4. Brennkammer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an den Plattenelementen (1) an deren innerhalb eines Abschnittes (8) aneinanderstoßenden Kanten zur Außenseite der Brennkammer verdickte bzw. umgeschlagene Randbereiche angeordnet sind, die das Plattenelement (1) auf einer Auflagefläche, etwa der Bodenfläche des Feuerraums, vorzugsweise mit Abstand von derselben, abzustützen gestatten.4. Combustion chamber according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that on the plate elements (1) at their abutting edges within a section (8) to the outside of the combustion chamber thickened or folded edge regions are arranged, which the plate element (1) allow a support surface, such as the bottom surface of the combustion chamber, preferably at a distance from it. 5. Brennkammer nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnete daß bei gewölbten Plattenelementen (1) auf deren Außenseite keilförmige, verdickte Eckbereiche (3) angeordnet sind.5. Combustion chamber according to claim 4, characterized in that in the case of curved plate elements (1) wedge-shaped, thickened corner regions (3) are arranged on the outside thereof. 6. Brennkammer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an den Kanten der Plattenelemente (1), vorzugsweise an deren etwa parallel zur Brennkammerachse verlaufenden Kanten gegengleiche Nuten (32) und Federn (33) zur Verbindung benachbarter Plattenelemente (1) angeordnet sind.6. Combustion chamber according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that on the edges of the plate elements (1), preferably on their approximately parallel to the edges of the combustion chamber edges opposite grooves (32) and springs (33) for connecting adjacent plate elements (1) are arranged. 7. Brennkammer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an den Plattenelementen quer zur Längsachse der Brennkammer verlaufende Abstützleisten (30,31), gegebenenfalls mit Abstand vom Rand (2') des Plattenelementes, angeordnet sind.7. Combustion chamber according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that on the plate elements transverse to the longitudinal axis of the combustion chamber support strips (30,31), optionally at a distance from the edge (2 ') of the plate element, are arranged. 8. Brennkammer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Plattenelemente (1) zur Verbindung an ihren innerhalb eines Abschnittes (8) aneinanderstoßenden Kanten ineinandergreifende Vorsprünge (6) und Vertiefungen (5) aufweisen.8. Combustion chamber according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the plate elements (1) for connection at their abutting edges within a section (8) have interlocking projections (6) and depressions (5). 9. Brennkammer nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Vorsprünge sich im wesentlichen in Plattenebene erstreckende Zungen (6) bzw. Lappen angeordnet sind, zwischen denen Aussparungen (5) mit etwa der Zungen- bzw. Lappenbreite entsprechender Breite freibleiben.9. Combustion chamber according to claim 8, characterized in that tongues (6) or tabs extending substantially in the plane of the plate are arranged as projections, between which recesses (5) with approximately the tongue or tab width corresponding width remain free. 10. Brennkammer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jedes Plattenelement (1) an seinen innerhalb eines Abschnittes (8) an ein benachbartes Plattenelement (1) anstoßenden Kanten eine etwa parallel zur Kante angeordnete Bohrung (4) zur Aufnahme von Verbindungselementen, wie Stifte, Klammern (11) od.dgl.,aufweist.10. Combustion chamber according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that each plate element (1) at its within a portion (8) of an adjacent plate element (1) abutting edges an approximately parallel to the edge arranged bore (4) for receiving Connecting elements, such as pins, brackets (11) or the like. 11. Brennkammer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Plattenelemente (1) Einprägungen (7) aufweisen, die ein Durchstoßen der Plattenelemente (1) zur Bildung von öffnungen, Durchbrüchen bzw. eines vorzugebenden Lochmusters erleichtern.11. Combustion chamber according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the plate elements (1) have impressions (7) which facilitate piercing the plate elements (1) to form openings, openings or a hole pattern to be specified. 12. Brennkammer-Formelement, insbesondere Plattenelement für Brennkammern nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Element aus einem keramischen Fasermaterial, insbesondere aus Tonerdesilikaten, wie Aluminiumsilikaten, besteht.12. Combustion chamber shaped element, in particular plate element for combustion chambers according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the element consists of a ceramic fiber material, in particular of alumina silicates, such as aluminum silicates. 13. Brennkammer-Formelement für eine Brennkammer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Formelement als Präge- oder Gußteil aus Metall besteht.13. Combustion chamber shaped element for a combustion chamber according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the shaped element consists of metal as an embossed or cast part. 14. Brennkammer-Formelement nach einem der Ansprüche 12 und 13, gekennzeichnet durch zwei das Form- . element bildende Halbteile.14. Combustion chamber shaped element according to one of claims 12 and 13, characterized by two the shape. element-forming half parts.
EP82101894A 1981-03-27 1982-03-10 Combustion chamber for heating boilers Expired EP0061617B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82101894T ATE13586T1 (en) 1981-03-27 1982-03-10 COMBUSTION CHAMBER FOR BOILER.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8109009U 1981-03-27
DE19818109009U DE8109009U1 (en) 1981-03-27 1981-03-27 "COMBUSTION CHAMBER FOR BOILER"

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EP0061617A1 true EP0061617A1 (en) 1982-10-06
EP0061617B1 EP0061617B1 (en) 1985-05-29

Family

ID=6726146

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82101894A Expired EP0061617B1 (en) 1981-03-27 1982-03-10 Combustion chamber for heating boilers

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EP (1) EP0061617B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE13586T1 (en)
DE (2) DE8109009U1 (en)

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WO2017174137A1 (en) * 2016-04-07 2017-10-12 Husqvarna Ab Modular pot, in particular fire pot or deco pot, and assembly kit for assembling such a modular pot

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DE3231211C2 (en) * 1982-08-21 1986-10-02 Didier-Werke Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden Device for a combustion chamber with an oil or gas burner
US9568190B2 (en) * 2014-06-13 2017-02-14 Integrated Energy LLC Systems, apparatus, and methods for treating waste materials

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US2369965A (en) * 1941-11-10 1945-02-20 Borg Warner Furnace
DE931723C (en) * 1953-03-21 1955-08-16 Looser & Co A G E Combustion chamber made of chamotte bricks for boiler firing
DE1777944U (en) * 1958-10-08 1958-11-20 Oelfeuerungen Ag F CHAMOTE COVER.
DE7821872U1 (en) * 1978-07-21 1979-10-18 Karrena Gmbh, 4000 Duesseldorf LINING FOR FIREPLACES

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DD48430A (en) *
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US2369965A (en) * 1941-11-10 1945-02-20 Borg Warner Furnace
DE931723C (en) * 1953-03-21 1955-08-16 Looser & Co A G E Combustion chamber made of chamotte bricks for boiler firing
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WO2017174137A1 (en) * 2016-04-07 2017-10-12 Husqvarna Ab Modular pot, in particular fire pot or deco pot, and assembly kit for assembling such a modular pot

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3263852D1 (en) 1985-07-04
DE8109009U1 (en) 1981-12-10
ATE13586T1 (en) 1985-06-15
EP0061617B1 (en) 1985-05-29

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