EP0057690A1 - Appareil de manipulation du grain avec separateur a cyclone ameliore - Google Patents

Appareil de manipulation du grain avec separateur a cyclone ameliore

Info

Publication number
EP0057690A1
EP0057690A1 EP19810902181 EP81902181A EP0057690A1 EP 0057690 A1 EP0057690 A1 EP 0057690A1 EP 19810902181 EP19810902181 EP 19810902181 EP 81902181 A EP81902181 A EP 81902181A EP 0057690 A1 EP0057690 A1 EP 0057690A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
housing
conduit
baffle
air outlet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19810902181
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Roy O. Christianson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Christianson Systems Inc
Original Assignee
Christianson Systems Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Christianson Systems Inc filed Critical Christianson Systems Inc
Publication of EP0057690A1 publication Critical patent/EP0057690A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G53/00—Conveying materials in bulk through troughs, pipes or tubes by floating the materials or by flow of gas, liquid or foam
    • B65G53/34—Details
    • B65G53/60—Devices for separating the materials from propellant gas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/12—Construction of the overflow ducting, e.g. diffusing or spiral exits
    • B04C5/13—Construction of the overflow ducting, e.g. diffusing or spiral exits formed as a vortex finder and extending into the vortex chamber; Discharge from vortex finder otherwise than at the top of the cyclone; Devices for controlling the overflow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/14—Construction of the underflow ducting; Apex constructions; Discharge arrangements ; discharge through sidewall provided with a few slits or perforations
    • B04C5/15—Construction of the underflow ducting; Apex constructions; Discharge arrangements ; discharge through sidewall provided with a few slits or perforations with swinging flaps or revolving sluices; Sluices; Check-valves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G53/00—Conveying materials in bulk through troughs, pipes or tubes by floating the materials or by flow of gas, liquid or foam
    • B65G53/04—Conveying materials in bulk pneumatically through pipes or tubes; Air slides
    • B65G53/28—Systems utilising a combination of gas pressure and suction

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to apparatus for pneumatically moving or conveying bulk material. More specifically, a baffle is provided in the cyclone separator of a grain conveyor which utilizes a positive displacement blower, and in which separated grain is removed from the separator by a rotary airlock conveying valve, to block particles blown upwardly by air leaking through the airlock from entering the center of the cyclone, thus dramatically improving separating performance and reducing blower damage and wear.
  • Prior art pneumatic grain conveyors have utilized cyclone separators to permit the grain to completely bypass the fan or blower.
  • the suction created by the fan draws both air and grain carried thereby into the separator.
  • the grain which is centrifugally separated is removed from the separator through an airlock system where the air being discharged from the fan conveys the grain to a discharge point.
  • Positive displacement blowers as opposed to fans, have been used to obtain larger capacity with lower horsepower requirements.
  • blowers are smaller, resulting in a more compact unit which is easier to handle, and less grain damage is caused because a system employing a blower can use smaller lines.
  • a negative factor is that blowers can be damaged if larger particles are not separated from the air stream.
  • the baffle has eliminated the need for elaborate filter arrangements, thereby dramatically increasing the cyclone separator's performance, which both increases the efficiency of the system and reduces the likelihood of damage to the blower.
  • the present invention has its greatest utility when used in a system employing a positive displacement blower, but it can also be used with prior art systems employing fans to substantially reduce the amount of material being carried through the fan.
  • FIGURE 1 is a schematic representation of a conventional prior art pneumatic grain-handling system.
  • FIGURE 2 is a similar view in side elevation of the pneumatic grain-handling system of the present invention, portions thereof being broken away.
  • FIGURE 3 is a sectional view taken along line 3-3 of FIGURE 2.
  • FIGURE 4 is a schematic view in cross-section of a rotary airlock conveying valve of the type used in the present invention.
  • FIGURE 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a positive displacement pump or blower of the type used in the present invention.
  • FIGURE 1 depicts a prior art grain-moving system employing a fan.
  • the fan 10 rotates at a high speed to draw air from the centrifugal separator 11 through the conduit 12 to in turn draw air through the conduit and flexible hose 13.
  • Grain is drawn by the moving air into the conduit 13 and enters the separator 11 through a tangential inlet which creates a vortex within the sepa rator.
  • the resulting centrifugal force applied to the grain causes it to move to the outside of the separator housing and swirl downwardly by gravity to a rotary airlock conveying valve 14.
  • the incoming air continually moves to the center of the vortex and is pulled out through conduit 12 by the fan, which discharges the air through the discharge conduit 15.
  • the conveying valve 14 transfers the grain from the separator 11 into the discharge conduit 15 where it is picked up by the air from the fan and carried to the discharge hopper 16.
  • This system permits the grain to be easily transferred or moved by air, but the grain bypasses the fan so that it is not damaged in the process .
  • the prior art grain mover shown in FIGURE 1 is a portable unit and the fan and rotary conveying valve would typically be driven from the power take-off of a tractor.
  • the system shown in FIGURE 1 does not need a filter because the cyclone separator removes substantially all of the grain and foreign material from the air stream, but to the extent that some material does pass through the fan, the fan is not damaged thereby.
  • FIGURE 2 discloses in somewhat schematic form a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the cyclone separator 20 includes an elongated housing formed about a vertical, longitudinal axis 21, the housing having walls forming a generally cylindrical upper portion 22, a truncated conical lower portion 23 and a top end wall 24.
  • Upper portion 22 has a tangential inlet 25 in the wall thereof, and top end wall 24 has an axial outlet conduit 26, the bottom end of which terminates near the center of the upper portion 22.
  • the bottom end of lower portion 23 is provided with a separated material outlet opening which connects to a rotary airlock conveying valve 30.
  • the conveying valve 30 is designed to transfer separated material from separator 20 into a discharge conduit 31 while at the same time maintaining the pressure difference between the interior of the separator 20 and the discharge conduit 31.
  • a positive displacement pump or blower 35 has its intake connected by a suitable conduit 36 to the axial air outlet 26. Blower 35 discharges into discharge conduit 31 creating a high-pressure air flow therethrough to pick up the grain transferred into it by the conveying valve 30 for distribution to a remote location through a continuation of the discharge conduit which is not shown.
  • FIGURE 4 depicts in schematic form a crosssection of a typical conveying valve 30.
  • the conveying valve 30 has a rotor 32 with a plurality of spaced, flat blades 32a which form a plurality of spaced pockets 33.
  • the edges of the blades 32a engage the inner wall of the housing of the valve 30 to prevent the pressurized air in the discharge conduit 31 from flowing back through the valve into the separator housing 20.
  • the rotor 32 is rotated, grain from the lower portion 23 of the housing is picked up by the pockets 33 and transferred to the base of the unit which is connected with suitable adaptors on each end to the air discharge line 31.
  • the high-pressure air flowing through the discharge conduit 31 thus empties the pockets 33 as they reach the base of the unit.
  • the rotor 32 is driven either by an electric motor mounted on the unit or from the power take-off of a tractor through a suitable chain drive or transmission.
  • FIGURE 5 discloses schematically the principle of operation of the pump or blower 35.
  • the blower is of the positive displacement type and has two figure-eight rotors 37 and 38, mounted as shown, which rotate in opposite directions to carry air from the inlet 39 to the outlet 40.
  • Each of the rotors 37 and 38 rotate within a cylindrical portion of the housing and very small clear ances are provided between the two rotors and between the two rotors and the housing.
  • the air discharged from the outlet 40 will be at relatively high pressure, which extends throughout the discharge system.
  • Blowers or pumps of this nature are preferable to fans because greater air flow can be achieved with less horsepower.
  • the blower must be protected from foreign material. Grain or pieces of other bulk material being handled can cause damage to the blower and even dust particles will cause wear to the rotors and to the walls of the blower housing.
  • baffle 50 has been mounted within lower portion 23 to block a substantial area between the material outlet and the air outlet conduit 26.
  • baffle 50 is a circular plate which is rigidly mounted to the bottom end of the outlet conduit 26 by a plurality of support rods 51, 52.
  • Baffle 50 is preferably circular and is centered on axis 21, perpendicular thereto. The edge of baffle 50 is spaced from the wall of lower portion 23 to permit separated material to pass therebetween.
  • a generally ring-shaped opening, free of obstruction is provided between the baffle 50 and lower portion 23 through which the separated grain can swirl downwardly toward the airlock 30.
  • baffle 50 has been found to be highly effective in preventing extraneous material from entering the air outlet 26, a safety or emergency filter 55 is mounted within the conduit 36.
  • Conduit 36 includes as a portion thereof a plexiglas tube 36a which is connected into the line by means of clamps 56 and 57 to permit visual inspection of the filter 55.
  • Filter 55 is a cylindrical screen or mesh structure mounted coaxially within conduit 36, having a closed upper end and an open bottom end.
  • a baffle (not shown) is provided at the bottom end of the filter 55 between it and the conduit 36 so that air is forced to pass through the walls of filter 55 and be discharged axially therefrom.
  • Filter 55 is constructed of a relatively heavy-mesh screen so that it offers little resistance to air flow. It is strictly a safety or emergency filter because in the present invention, virtually no particles are left in the air stream drawn from separator 20.
  • Operation Blower 35 creates suction in conduit 36 to draw air from separator housing 20 through axial outlet 26.
  • the vacuum thus created draws air into the housing through tangential inlet 25, creating a vortex about the axis 21.
  • Bulk material being carried into the housing through tangential inlet 25 is caused to swirl about the interior of the housing and gradually moves downwardly in a swirling pattern toward the bottom of lower portion 23.
  • the vortex has a relatively clear center from which air is drawn into outlet 26.
  • the separated material is carried by conveying valve 30 into discharge conduit 31 which carries a flow of high pressure air from the outlet of blower 35. It should be noted that a substantial pressure difference exists between the interior of housing 20 and the interior of discharge conduit 31.
  • one serious aspect of the leakage problem is that the pockets 33 fill with high pressure air as they line up with conduit 31, and further rotation of the rotor 32 carries these pockets of high pressure air upwardly for discharge into separator 20. The result is that each time a pocket 33 returns to near its top position, a puff of high pressure air is released into separator housing 20. These repeated bursts of high pressure air expand upwardly into the housing toward the center of the vortex and carry with them some of the bulk material, foreign particles, and dust.
  • the vertical positioning of the baffle is not critical although in the preferred form of the invention it is shown to be located near a vertical midpoint of the lower portion 23. Further, the shape of the baffle is not critical and other shapes or configurations could be used so long as they perform the function of blocking foreign material from being discharged directly into the center of the vortex.
  • the baffle could also have a conical top or conical bottom portion without departing from the invention. Vented air locks are available which release the pressure to atmosphere rather than transferring it into the housing, but -they reduce the area at the inlet avail able for filling the rotor and they are more expensive. Further, even if a vented air lock is used, there is still some leakage around the rotor because of the high pressure drop across the conveying valve. With the present invention, there is no need to use the more expensive vented air locks.
  • the present invention has its greatest utility in a system employing positive displacement blowers or pumps, it can also be used in prior art fan type systems to reduce the amount of material passing through the fan.
  • the system employing the present invention can be utilized to move any bulk flowable material including such examples as grain, plastic pellets and fertilizer.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Cyclones (AREA)

Abstract

Une soufflante a deplacement positif (35) cree un vide dans une enceinte (20) d'un separateur. Du materiau en vrac tel que du grain aspire a l'interieur par l'intermediaire de l'admission tangentielle (25) est separe par centrifugation et transfere dans une conduite d'evacuation (31) par une vanne rotative de transport a bouchon d'air (30) d'ou il est repris et decharge par un ecoulement d'air a haute pression provenant de la soufflante (35). Un deflecteur (50) est monte dans l'enceinte (20) du separateur entre la vanne de transport (30) et la sortie d'air axiale (26) pour bloquer l'air qui fuit au travers de la vanne de transport (30) et le materiau transporte par cet air, l'empechant d'entrer directement dans le centre du vortex dans la region de la conduite de sortie d'air (26).
EP19810902181 1980-07-30 1981-07-27 Appareil de manipulation du grain avec separateur a cyclone ameliore Withdrawn EP0057690A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US17386480A 1980-07-30 1980-07-30
US173864 1980-07-30

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0057690A1 true EP0057690A1 (fr) 1982-08-18

Family

ID=22633841

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19810902181 Withdrawn EP0057690A1 (fr) 1980-07-30 1981-07-27 Appareil de manipulation du grain avec separateur a cyclone ameliore

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0057690A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA1176671A (fr)
WO (1) WO1982000451A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4572726A (en) * 1983-07-25 1986-02-25 Vana Industries Ltd. Cyclone separator
US4630975A (en) * 1983-10-11 1986-12-23 Becker John H Air encasement system for transportation of particulates
US4580928A (en) * 1984-01-18 1986-04-08 Vana Industries Ltd. Outlet duct for a pneumatic conveyor
US5163786A (en) * 1987-08-12 1992-11-17 Christianson Systems, Inc. Cyclone separator with filter assembly for pneumatic conveyor
US5678959A (en) * 1995-09-29 1997-10-21 Mississippi Lime Company Method of, and apparatus for, reducing scaling in pneumatic lime conveying systems
US6368028B1 (en) 1997-09-03 2002-04-09 Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. Conveying systems for compacted, friable solids
US6036407A (en) * 1997-09-03 2000-03-14 Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. Solids conveying system for compacted, friable solids that can not be pushed or compressed
FR2776642B1 (fr) * 1998-03-27 2000-06-02 Toy Installation pour la preparation et la distribution de matieres pulverulentes
EP0972573A1 (fr) * 1998-07-15 2000-01-19 Human net Kabushiki-Kaisya Séparateur à cyclone et passoire pour celui-ci
US6312594B1 (en) * 1998-08-19 2001-11-06 G.B.D. Corp. Insert for a cyclone separator
US6168716B1 (en) 1998-08-19 2001-01-02 G.B.D. Corp. Cyclone separator having a variable transverse profile
US6277278B1 (en) 1998-08-19 2001-08-21 G.B.D. Corp. Cyclone separator having a variable longitudinal profile
US6129775A (en) * 1998-08-19 2000-10-10 G.B.D. Corp. Terminal insert for a cyclone separator
WO2000017079A1 (fr) * 1998-09-23 2000-03-30 Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. Systeme de transport pneumatique pour solides compactes et friables
ITMI20100165A1 (it) * 2010-02-04 2011-08-05 Edilkamin S P A Dispositivo di alimentazione, particolarmente per il caricamento di pellet nel serbatoio di un apparecchiatura di riscaldamento quale una stufa, caminetto, e simili
CN107826766A (zh) * 2017-10-30 2018-03-23 桐城市天泰农机服务专业合作社 一种手推式粮食吸附入仓机

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1031862A (en) * 1907-09-30 1912-07-09 Orville M Morse Dust collector or separator.
GB191007552A (en) * 1910-03-26 1910-09-08 Robert Parkinson Improvements in Pneumatic Conveyors.
US1723703A (en) * 1927-05-24 1929-08-06 George E Olmsted Dust separator and collector
US1811597A (en) * 1929-12-28 1931-06-23 Steinbart Alfred Apparatus for cleaning gases
US2230425A (en) * 1939-05-17 1941-02-04 Loretta W Macaulay Portable pneumatic grain elevator
US2849079A (en) * 1957-01-25 1958-08-26 Shell Dev Cyclone with drained plate
US2946626A (en) * 1957-05-31 1960-07-26 Atkinson Bulk Transp Company Suction-pressure unloading system
US3077365A (en) * 1959-01-22 1963-02-12 Sprout Waldron & Co Inc Pneumatic conveying system
US3684093A (en) * 1969-08-13 1972-08-15 Ashizawa Iron Works Co Ltd Method and apparatus for separating particles from particle-laden fluid
JPS5410598Y2 (fr) * 1974-10-31 1979-05-16

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO8200451A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1982000451A1 (fr) 1982-02-18
CA1176671A (fr) 1984-10-23

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): AT CH DE FR GB LU NL SE

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 19820928

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: CHRISTIANSON, ROY O.