EP0054184B1 - Cooling-zone for a kiln, especially for a roller hearth furnace - Google Patents

Cooling-zone for a kiln, especially for a roller hearth furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0054184B1
EP0054184B1 EP81109620A EP81109620A EP0054184B1 EP 0054184 B1 EP0054184 B1 EP 0054184B1 EP 81109620 A EP81109620 A EP 81109620A EP 81109620 A EP81109620 A EP 81109620A EP 0054184 B1 EP0054184 B1 EP 0054184B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cooling
registers
firing
zone
heat transfer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81109620A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0054184A1 (en
Inventor
Gottfried Dr. Cremer
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Buchtal Keramische Betriebe GmbH
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Buchtal Keramische Betriebe GmbH
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Publication of EP0054184A1 publication Critical patent/EP0054184A1/en
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27BFURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/12Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity with special arrangements for preheating or cooling the charge
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27BFURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/14Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
    • F27B9/20Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27DDETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D7/00Forming, maintaining, or circulating atmospheres in heating chambers
    • F27D7/06Forming or maintaining special atmospheres or vacuum within heating chambers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27BFURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/12Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity with special arrangements for preheating or cooling the charge
    • F27B2009/124Cooling
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27BFURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/30Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B9/36Arrangements of heating devices
    • F27B2009/3692The charge containing combustible materials
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27BFURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/14Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
    • F27B9/20Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace
    • F27B9/24Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace being carried by a conveyor
    • F27B9/2407Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace being carried by a conveyor the conveyor being constituted by rollers (roller hearth furnace)
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27DDETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D9/00Cooling of furnaces or of charges therein
    • F27D2009/007Cooling of charges therein
    • F27D2009/0072Cooling of charges therein the cooling medium being a gas
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27DDETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D9/00Cooling of furnaces or of charges therein
    • F27D2009/007Cooling of charges therein
    • F27D2009/0081Cooling of charges therein the cooling medium being a fluid (other than a gas in direct or indirect contact with the charge)
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27DDETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D5/00Supports, screens, or the like for the charge within the furnace
    • F27D5/0062Shields for the charge

Definitions

  • the formation of the cooling zone for a kiln consisting of a preheating, firing and cooling zone, preferably a roller kiln, has been given, through which the firing material, preferably ceramic tiles, without supporting firing aids made of refractory material is passed through in one layer.
  • the firing material passes through the preheating, burning and cooling zone on a roller carpet, the rollers of which are made of special steel or ceramic refractory material and are driven from outside the furnace.
  • the particular advantage of this furnace is that there is no need for trolleys and fireproof kiln furniture. These transport and support means represent a considerable mass that must be heated by the furnace and brought to cool in the cooling zone. A significant part of the energy supplied to the furnace for the firing of the material to be burned is thus wasted.
  • tumble cooling is generally used, i.e. H.
  • Appropriate amounts of air are introduced into the cooling zone and brought into effect on the firing material. This inevitably results, even if the firing zone is closed off from the cooling zone by an apron, to repercussions from the cooling zone into the firing zone and, if this is operated in a reducing manner, to reoxidation of the combustible material in the cooling zone and at least in the area adjacent to the cooling zone the burning zone.
  • the upper pipe coils or registers are possibly shielded from the firing material, the radiation surfaces of the pipe coils or registers carrying the heat transfer medium being protected against the firing material is preferably shielded in a controllable manner, so that not only is the firing material protected, but the cooling process can also be controlled in any desired and optimal manner.
  • the shielding can be omitted if necessary, because from here the firing material does not pose any danger of scaling, if at all. However, it is recommended if control of the cooling process is desired.
  • the coils or coils are preferably arranged transversely to the direction of travel of the firing material through the furnace, because then the feeding and removal of the heat transfer medium is particularly simple.
  • the arrangement and operation of the shield is much easier with such an arrangement of the coils or coils.
  • the adjustable shielding preferably consists of rotatable, paddle-like elements arranged in the manner of blinds. In the closed state of the shielding, these elements completely cover the cooling coils or registers and, by turning them slightly, leave slots free, through which the strongly cooled atmosphere around the cooling coils or registers suddenly falls down onto the firing material can come into effect.
  • slotted plates can also be used, which can be pushed over each other in the desired manner so that more or less large openings are available for the passage of the cooled atmosphere down onto the firing material.
  • the adjustability of the shield makes it possible to influence the cooling process in the cooling zone in any way.
  • a major advantage of the invention is that the pipe coils or registers carrying the heat transfer medium can be connected to the heat-recovering or reusable system or furnace parts.
  • a preheating zone V.Z. a firing zone B.Z., which is heated in the direction of arrow B by means of a burner, and a cooling zone K.Z., from which the finished fired and cooled fired material emerges.
  • the firing material B is transported through the furnace by means of rollers, one of which can be seen at 1 in FIG. 2, which shows a section through the cooling zone KZ along the line 11-11 of FIG. 1.
  • rollers form a roller carpet from the furnace inlet to the furnace outlet and are driven from the outside, so that they convey the firing material B stored on them through the furnace.
  • the cooling was carried out according to the prior art by means of cooling air which was introduced into the cooling zone by means of fans attached above and below the roller carpet.
  • apron indicated at 2 in FIG. 1 between the combustion zone B.Z. and the cooling zone K.Z. it is not possible to prevent this cooling air from reacting to the combustion zone and thus influencing the atmosphere there.
  • the combustion of the material to be burned in the cooling zone KZ is not carried out by blowing in cooling air, but by indirect cooling by means of a flowing heat transfer medium, preferably a liquid heat transfer medium, such as water, in the upper part of the cooling coils or registers 3, which are preferably laid transversely to the direction of travel and is also passed through in the lower part of the cooling zone.
  • a flowing heat transfer medium preferably a liquid heat transfer medium, such as water
  • the atmosphere in the cooling zone remains calm and there can no longer be any repercussions in the firing zone.
  • fixed shielding as can be seen at 4
  • shielding in the form of a type of blinds as indicated at 5 in Fig. 3.
  • This blind consists of paddle-like elements extending across the cooling zone, which can be adjusted so that they practically cover the gaps between the fixed shields 4. If the gaps are too large, so many elements can be arranged next to one another that they close the gap together in the transverse state. With this measure, not only is additional protection of the firing material B on the rollers 1 ensured, but it is also possible to meter the cooling process.
  • the paddle-like elements shown in FIG. 1 instead of the paddle-like elements shown in FIG.
  • an arrangement can also be provided which is composed of slotted plates extending transversely across the cooling zone or in the longitudinal direction of the cooling zone, the slits of which can be more or less coincident with one another, so that more or less Large openings are created through which the cooling coils or coils have a cooling effect on the firing material conveyed on the rollers 1.
  • Fireproof insulation 6 is located beneath the roller carpet consisting of rollers 1.
  • the cooling coils or registers 3 can be connected to systems or furnace parts in a manner not shown, for example guided to the preheating zone, so that part of the thermal energy of the heat transfer medium can be used there to preheat the combustion material. You can the heat absorbed by the heat transfer medium in a different way z. B. for drying, continue to use.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)

Description

In der früheren europäischen Patentanmeldung 0 046 993 ist von der Ausbildung der Kühlzone für einen aus Vorheiz-, Brenn- und Kühlzone bestehenden Brennofen, vorzugsweise Rollenofen, ausgeganden, durch den das Brenngut, vorzugsweise keramische Fliesen oder Platten, ohne es stützende Brennhilfsmittel aus feuerfestem Material einschichtig hindurchgeführt wird.In the earlier European patent application 0 046 993, the formation of the cooling zone for a kiln consisting of a preheating, firing and cooling zone, preferably a roller kiln, has been given, through which the firing material, preferably ceramic tiles, without supporting firing aids made of refractory material is passed through in one layer.

Bei Rollenöfen, die das Brenngut einschichtig und ohne Brennhilfsmittel aus feuerfestem Material brennen durchläuft das Brenngut die Vorheiz-, Brenn- und Kühlzone auf einem Rollenteppich, dessen aus einem Spezialstahl oder keramischen feuerfesten Material bestehenden Rollen von au- βerhalb des Ofens angetrieben werden. Der besondere Vorteil dieser Ofen besteht darin, daß der Einsatz von Wagen und feuerfesten Brennhilfsmitteln entfällt. Diese Transport- und Stützmittel stellen eine erhebliche Masse dar, die vom Ofen aufgeheizt werden muß und in der Kühlzone wieder zur Abkühlung gebracht wird. Es wird also ein erheblicher Teil der dem Ofen zum Brand des Brenngutes zugeführten Energie ungenutzt verschwendet.In the case of roller ovens that burn the firing material in one layer and without firing aids made of refractory material, the firing material passes through the preheating, burning and cooling zone on a roller carpet, the rollers of which are made of special steel or ceramic refractory material and are driven from outside the furnace. The particular advantage of this furnace is that there is no need for trolleys and fireproof kiln furniture. These transport and support means represent a considerable mass that must be heated by the furnace and brought to cool in the cooling zone. A significant part of the energy supplied to the furnace for the firing of the material to be burned is thus wasted.

Mit solchen einschichtig und ohne Einsatz von Transport- und Brennhilfsrnitteln betriebenen Öfen wird nicht nur eine wesentliche Energieeinsparung erreicht, sondern es läßt sich auch der Brennvorgang schneller und gleichmäßiger durchführen. Man gelangt zu erheblich verkürzten Produktionszyklen.With such furnaces operated in one layer and without the use of transport and auxiliary firing aids, not only is substantial energy savings achieved, but the firing process can also be carried out more quickly and uniformly. This leads to significantly shortened production cycles.

In der Kühlzone solcher Öfen wird im allgemeinen mit sogenannter Sturzkühlung gearbeitet, d. h. es werden geeignete Mengen von Luft in die Kühlzone eingeführt und auf das Brenngut zur Einwirkung gebracht. Dabei kommt es unvermeidbar, auch wenn die Brennzone gegen die Kühlzone durch eine Schürze abgeschlossen ist, zu Rückwirkungen aus der Kühlzone in die Brennzone und, wenn diese reduzierend gefahren wird, zu einer Reoxidierung des Brenngutes in der Kühlzone und wenigstens in dem der Kühlzone benachbarten Bereich der Brennzone. Will man eine solche Reoxidierung des Brenngutes in der Kühlzone und ein Zurückwirken der Reoxidierung in die der Kühlzone benachbarten Bereiche der Brennzone verhindern, so kann dies nach der DE-OS 28 24 367 beispielsweise dadurch erfolgen, daß man die der Reduktion in der Kühlzone dienenden Mittel in den Ofen intermittierend unter hohem Druck und in solchen. Anteilen und Zeitabständen eingibt, daß der nach jeder durch Eingabe eines Anteils erzielten Teilreduktion verbleibende Überschuß des Reduktionsmittelanteils so gering ist, daß er in der zwischen aufeinanderfolgenden Eingaben liegenden Pausen ohne zusätzliche Luftzuführung durch die neutrale Ofenatmosphäre abgebrannt wird.In the cooling zone of such ovens, so-called tumble cooling is generally used, i.e. H. Appropriate amounts of air are introduced into the cooling zone and brought into effect on the firing material. This inevitably results, even if the firing zone is closed off from the cooling zone by an apron, to repercussions from the cooling zone into the firing zone and, if this is operated in a reducing manner, to reoxidation of the combustible material in the cooling zone and at least in the area adjacent to the cooling zone the burning zone. If you want to prevent such reoxidation of the firing material in the cooling zone and a repercussion of the reoxidation in the areas of the firing zone adjacent to the cooling zone, this can be done according to DE-OS 28 24 367, for example, by reducing the agents in the cooling zone in the oven intermittently under high pressure and in such. Enter proportions and time intervals that the excess of the reducing agent portion remaining after each partial reduction achieved by inputting a portion is so small that it is burned off in the pauses between successive inputs without additional air supply through the neutral furnace atmosphere.

Es ist erkennbar, daß zur Durchführung eines solchen Verfahrens ein außerordentlich kompliziertes Steuersystem erforderlich ist.It can be seen that an extremely complicated control system is required to carry out such a method.

Entsprechend der früheren europäischen Patentanmeldung 0 046 993, die gemäß Art. 54 (3) EPÜ als Stand der Technik gilt wird die Aufgabe gelöst, durch Anwendung einfachster Mittel die Beeinflussung des Brenngutes in der Kühlzone und in dem der Kühlzone benachbarten Bereich durch die Atmosphäre der Kühlzone und damit eine entsprechende Reoxidierung des Brenngutes zu verhindern, indem die Kühlzone mittels eines strömenden Wärmeträgers, vorzugsweise eines flüssigen Wärmeträgers, indirekt gekühlt wird.According to the earlier European patent application 0 046 993, which is considered to be state of the art according to Art. 54 (3) EPC, the task is solved by using the simplest means to influence the combustion material in the cooling zone and in the area adjacent to the cooling zone by the atmosphere of the To prevent the cooling zone and thus a corresponding reoxidation of the combustible material by indirectly cooling the cooling zone by means of a flowing heat transfer medium, preferably a liquid heat transfer medium.

Bei Einsatz eines flüssigen Wärmeträgers, beispielsweise Wasser, das durch Rohrschlangen oder -register in der Kühlzone über dem Brenngut geführt wird, ergibt sich ebenfalls eine schroffe Abkühlung des Brenngutes in der Kühlzone, ohne daß jedoch die Gefahr der Beeinflussung der Atmosphäre durch eingeführte Kühlluft besteht.When using a liquid heat transfer medium, for example water, which is led through coils or registers in the cooling zone above the material to be fired, there is also a sudden cooling of the fuel in the cooling zone, but without the risk of the atmosphere being influenced by the cooling air introduced.

Die Weiterbildung, wie sie durch die vorliegende Erfindung vorgeschlagen wird, besteht darin, daß in der Kühlzone zusätzlich zu den über dem Brenngut angeordneten, den Wärmeträger führende Rohrschlangen oder -registern unter dem Brenngut angeordnete, den Wärmeträger führende Rohrschlangen oder -register angeordnet sind, deren Strahlungsflächen gegebenenfalls gegen das Brenngut regelbar abgeschirmt sind.The further development, as proposed by the present invention, is that in the cooling zone in addition to the pipe coils or registers arranged above the material to be heated, the heat transfer medium arranged beneath the material to be burned, the pipe coils or registers carrying the heat transfer medium are arranged, the Radiation areas are shielded controllably against the firing material if necessary.

Um zu vermeiden, daß von den den Wärmeträger führenden Rohrschlangen oder -registern abplatzender Zunder od. dgl. auf das Brenngut fällt, sind die oberen Rohrschlangen oder -register gegen das Brenngut gegebenenfalls abgeschirmt, wobei die Strahlungsflächen der den Wärmeträger führenden Rohrschlangen oder -register gegen das Brenngut vorzugsweise regelbar abgeschirmt sind, so daß nicht nur das Brenngut geschützt wird, sondern der Kühlvorgang auch in beliebiger und optimaler Weise gesteuert werden kann. Bei den unteren Strahlungsflächen kann die Abschirmung gegebenenfalls entfallen, weil von hier dem Brenngut keine Gefahr von allenfalls abplatzenden Zunder droht. Sie ist jedoch empfehlenswert, wenn eine Steuerung des Kühlvorgangs erwünscht ist.In order to prevent scaling or the like from the pipe coils or registers guiding the heat transfer medium from falling onto the firing material, the upper pipe coils or registers are possibly shielded from the firing material, the radiation surfaces of the pipe coils or registers carrying the heat transfer medium being protected against the firing material is preferably shielded in a controllable manner, so that not only is the firing material protected, but the cooling process can also be controlled in any desired and optimal manner. In the case of the lower radiation surfaces, the shielding can be omitted if necessary, because from here the firing material does not pose any danger of scaling, if at all. However, it is recommended if control of the cooling process is desired.

Vorzugsweise sind die Rohrschlangen oder -register quer zur Fahrtrichtung des Brenngutes durch den Brennofen angeordnet, weil dann die Einspeisung und Ableitung des Wärmeträgers besonders einfach ist. Auch die Anordnung und Bedienung der Abschirmung ist bei einer solchen Anordnung der Rohrschlangen oder -register wesentlich einfacher.The coils or coils are preferably arranged transversely to the direction of travel of the firing material through the furnace, because then the feeding and removal of the heat transfer medium is particularly simple. The arrangement and operation of the shield is much easier with such an arrangement of the coils or coils.

Die regelbare Abschirmung besteht vorzugsweise aus jalousieartig angeordneten, verdrehbaren, paddelartigen Elementen. Diese Elemente decken im geschlossenen Zustand der Abschirmung die Kühlschlangen oder -register vollständig ab und lassen durch leichtes Verdrehen Schlitze frei, durch die die um die Kühlschlangen oder -register vorhandene stark gekühlte Atmosphäre nach unten sturzartig auf das Brenngut zur Einwirkung gelangen kann.The adjustable shielding preferably consists of rotatable, paddle-like elements arranged in the manner of blinds. In the closed state of the shielding, these elements completely cover the cooling coils or registers and, by turning them slightly, leave slots free, through which the strongly cooled atmosphere around the cooling coils or registers suddenly falls down onto the firing material can come into effect.

Anstelle der jalousieartigen Vorhänge kann man auch Schlitzplatten verwenden, die sich in gewünschter Weise wechselseitig so übereinanderschieben lassen, daß mehr oder weniger große Öffnungen für den Durchtritt gekühlter Atmosphäre nach unten auf das Brenngut zur Verfügung stehen. Durch die Verstellbarkeit der Abschirmung ist es auch möglich, den Kühlprozeß in der der Kühlzone in beliebiger Weise zu beeinflussen.Instead of the blind-like curtains, slotted plates can also be used, which can be pushed over each other in the desired manner so that more or less large openings are available for the passage of the cooled atmosphere down onto the firing material. The adjustability of the shield makes it possible to influence the cooling process in the cooling zone in any way.

Ein wesentlicher Vorteil der Erfindung besteht darin, daß die den Wärmeträger führenden Rohrschlangen oder -register an die Wärme wiedergewinnende oder wiedernutzbarmachende Anlage oder Ofenteile angeschlossen werden können.A major advantage of the invention is that the pipe coils or registers carrying the heat transfer medium can be connected to the heat-recovering or reusable system or furnace parts.

Die Zeichnung zeigt in

  • Figur 1 eine schematische Draufsicht auf einen Brennofen ;
  • Figur 2 einen Schnitt längs der Linie 11-11 der Fig. 1 ;
  • Figur 3 einen Teillängsschnitt durch die Kühlzone.
The drawing shows in
  • Figure 1 is a schematic plan view of a kiln;
  • Figure 2 shows a section along the line 11-11 of Fig. 1;
  • Figure 3 shows a partial longitudinal section through the cooling zone.

Bei einem in Richtung des Pfeiles A mit dem zu brennenden Gut, insbesondere keramischen Platten, beschickten Ofen sind eine Vorheizzone V. Z. ; eine Brennzone B. Z., die in Richtung des Pfeiles B mittels Brenner beheizt wird, und eine Kühlzone K. Z. vorgesehen, aus der das fertige gebrannte und gekühlte Brenngut austritt. Das Brenngut B wird mittels Rollen durch den Ofen transportiert, von denen bei 1 in Fig. 2, die einen Schnitt durch Kühlzone K. Z. längs der Linie 11-11 der Fig. 1 darstellt, erkennbar ist. Solche Rollen bilden vom Ofeneingang bis zum Ofenausgang einen Rollenteppich und sind von außen her angetrieben, so daß sie das auf ihnen lagernde Brenngut B durch den Ofen hindurchfördern. In der Kühlzone K. Z. erfolgte die Kühlung gemäß dem bis herigen Stand der Technik durch Kühlluft, die mittels über und unter dem Rollenteppich angebrachten Gebläsen in die Kühlzone eingeführt wurde. Trotz eines bei 2 in Fig. 1 angedeuteten Schurzes zwischen Brennzone B. Z. und Kühlzone K. Z. ist es nicht möglich, eine Rückwirkung dieser Kühlluft auf die Brennzone und damit eine Beeinflussung der dort herrschenden Atmosphäre zu verhindern. Gemäß der Erfindung erfolgt die Kühlung des Brenngutes in der Kühlzone K. Z. nicht durch Einblasen von Kühlluft, sondern durch indirekte Kühlung mittels eines strömenden Wärmeträgers, vorzugsweise eines flüssigen Wärmeträgers, wie Wasser der durch die vorzugsweise quer zur Fahrtrichtung verlegten Kühlschlangen oder -register 3 im oberen Teil und zusätzlich auch im unteren Teil der Kühlzone hindurchgeführt wird. Die Atmosphäre in der Kühlzone bleibt dabei in Ruhe und es kann nicht mehr zu einer Rückwirkung in die Brennzone kommen. Um ein Abfallen von sich allenfalls an den oberen Kühlschlangen oder -registern 3 bildenden Zunder od. dgl. auf das Kühlgut zu verhindern, ist einmal eine feste Abschirmung, wie sie bei 4 erkennbar ist, vorgesehen und zum anderen auch eine Abschirmung in Form einer Art von Jalousie, wie sie bei 5 in Fig. 3 angedeutet ist. Diese Jalousie besteht aus paddelartigen, sich quer über die Kühlzone erstreckenden Elementen, die so eingestellt werden können, daß sie die Lücken zwischen den festen Abschirmungen 4 praktisch überdecken. Sollten die Lücken zu groß sein, so können nebeneinander so viele Elemente angeordnet sein, daß sie im quergestellten Zustand die Lücke gemeinsam verschließen. Mit dieser Maßnahme ist nicht nur ein zusätzlicher Schutz des Brenngutes B auf den Rollen 1 gewährleistet, sondern es ist auch möglich, den Kühlvorgang zu dosieren. Selbstverständlich kann anstelle der in Fig. 3 wiedergegebenen paddelartigen Elemente auch eine Anordnung vorgesehen werden, die sich aus quer über die Kühlzone oder in Längsrichtung der Kühlzone erstreckenden Schlitzplatten zusammensetzt, deren Schlitze gegenseitig mehr oder weniger zur Deckung gebracht werden können, so daß mehr oder weniger große Öffnungen entstehen, durch die von den Kühlschlangen oder -registern her die kühlende Einwirkung auf das auf den Rollen 1 geförderte Brenngut erfolgt.In the case of an oven which is fed in the direction of arrow A with the material to be burned, in particular ceramic plates, there is a preheating zone V.Z. a firing zone B.Z., which is heated in the direction of arrow B by means of a burner, and a cooling zone K.Z., from which the finished fired and cooled fired material emerges. The firing material B is transported through the furnace by means of rollers, one of which can be seen at 1 in FIG. 2, which shows a section through the cooling zone KZ along the line 11-11 of FIG. 1. Such rollers form a roller carpet from the furnace inlet to the furnace outlet and are driven from the outside, so that they convey the firing material B stored on them through the furnace. In the cooling zone K.Z., the cooling was carried out according to the prior art by means of cooling air which was introduced into the cooling zone by means of fans attached above and below the roller carpet. Despite an apron indicated at 2 in FIG. 1 between the combustion zone B.Z. and the cooling zone K.Z., it is not possible to prevent this cooling air from reacting to the combustion zone and thus influencing the atmosphere there. According to the invention, the combustion of the material to be burned in the cooling zone KZ is not carried out by blowing in cooling air, but by indirect cooling by means of a flowing heat transfer medium, preferably a liquid heat transfer medium, such as water, in the upper part of the cooling coils or registers 3, which are preferably laid transversely to the direction of travel and is also passed through in the lower part of the cooling zone. The atmosphere in the cooling zone remains calm and there can no longer be any repercussions in the firing zone. In order to prevent any scale or the like from forming on the upper cooling coils or registers 3 from falling onto the items to be refrigerated, fixed shielding, as can be seen at 4, is provided, and shielding in the form of a type of blinds, as indicated at 5 in Fig. 3. This blind consists of paddle-like elements extending across the cooling zone, which can be adjusted so that they practically cover the gaps between the fixed shields 4. If the gaps are too large, so many elements can be arranged next to one another that they close the gap together in the transverse state. With this measure, not only is additional protection of the firing material B on the rollers 1 ensured, but it is also possible to meter the cooling process. Of course, instead of the paddle-like elements shown in FIG. 3, an arrangement can also be provided which is composed of slotted plates extending transversely across the cooling zone or in the longitudinal direction of the cooling zone, the slits of which can be more or less coincident with one another, so that more or less Large openings are created through which the cooling coils or coils have a cooling effect on the firing material conveyed on the rollers 1.

Unter dem aus den Rollen 1 bestehenden Rollenteppich befindet sich eine feuerfeste Isolierung 6.Fireproof insulation 6 is located beneath the roller carpet consisting of rollers 1.

Zwischen dieser feuerfesten Isolierung 6 und dem Rollenteppich 1 befinden sich weitere Kühlschlangen oder -register 7, die ähnlich wie die Kühlschlangen oder -register 3 mit Vorrichtungen ähnlich den Jalousien 5 regelbar abschirmbar sein können. Diese Abschirmung ist jedoch zur Vereinfachung der Darstellung nicht gezeichnet.Between this fireproof insulation 6 and the roller carpet 1 there are further cooling coils or coils 7 which, like the coils or coils 3, can be shielded in a controllable manner with devices similar to the blinds 5. However, this shield is not drawn to simplify the illustration.

Die Kühlschlangen oder -register 3 können in nicht dargestellter Weise an Anlagen oder Ofenteile angeschlossen sein, beispielsweise zur Vorheizzone geführt sein, so daß ein Teil der Wärmeenergie des Wärmeträgers dort zum Vorheizen des Brenngutes dienen kann. Man kann die von dem Wärmeträger aufgenommene Wärmemengen auch in anderer Weise z. B. zum Trocknen, weiterverwenden.The cooling coils or registers 3 can be connected to systems or furnace parts in a manner not shown, for example guided to the preheating zone, so that part of the thermal energy of the heat transfer medium can be used there to preheat the combustion material. You can the heat absorbed by the heat transfer medium in a different way z. B. for drying, continue to use.

Claims (5)

1. A roller kiln through which the objects for firing, in the form of ceramic tiles or plates, are conducted in one layer without any supporting kiln furniture of refractory material, having a preheating, a firing and a cooling zone in which the cooling of the fired objects takes place indirectly by means of a flowing heat transfer medium in order to prevent reoxidation, this heat transfer medium being conducted in pipe coils or registers which are arranged above the fired objects and shielded adjustably against them, characterized in that pipe coils or registers conducting a flowing heat transfer medium are also arranged under the fired objects.
2. A roller kiln as in claim 1, characterized in that the pipe coils or registers arranged under the fired objects are adjustably shielded against the fired objects.
3. A roller kiln as in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the pipe coils or registers are arranged at right angles to the travelling direction of the fired objects.
4. A roller kiln as in claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the shielding consists of rotatable paddle- like elements in a louver-type arrangement.
5. A roller kiln as in claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the shielding consists of mutually displaceable slotted plates.
EP81109620A 1980-12-12 1981-11-11 Cooling-zone for a kiln, especially for a roller hearth furnace Expired EP0054184B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3046918 1980-12-12
DE19803046918 DE3046918A1 (en) 1980-12-12 1980-12-12 COOLING ZONE FOR A FURNACE, PREFERABLY ROLLER

Publications (2)

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EP0054184A1 EP0054184A1 (en) 1982-06-23
EP0054184B1 true EP0054184B1 (en) 1985-01-30

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EP81109620A Expired EP0054184B1 (en) 1980-12-12 1981-11-11 Cooling-zone for a kiln, especially for a roller hearth furnace

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EP (1) EP0054184B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS57124684A (en)
DE (1) DE3046918A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA818250B (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1147425B (en) * 1981-10-14 1986-11-19 Carfer Srl MODULATED COMBUSTION AND COOLING ROLLER CERAMIC OVEN
CN103148706A (en) * 2013-04-10 2013-06-12 湖南高峰陶瓷制造有限公司 Method and device for supplying hot water used for production and living by waste heat of kiln
CN103968662B (en) * 2014-05-13 2016-06-01 盐城工学院 A kind of tunnel furnace reducing dust discharge and the method reducing dust discharge thereof
CN111089474A (en) * 2019-12-30 2020-05-01 湖南金炉科技股份有限公司 Roller kiln system
CN112197577B (en) * 2020-10-10 2021-09-21 苏州汇科机电设备有限公司 Electronic kiln with air inlet preheating function

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE976094C (en) * 1948-12-28 1963-02-21 Gottfried Dr Cremer Tunnel kiln for firing ceramic and related products
DE975458C (en) * 1951-04-10 1961-11-30 Gottfried Dr Cremer Tunnel furnace with at least partially indirect cooling of the cooling zone
US2968894A (en) * 1955-03-04 1961-01-24 Selas Corp Of America Annealing lehr
DE1177062B (en) * 1957-02-26 1964-08-27 Gottfried Cremer Dr Tunnel kiln for firing ceramic and related products
DE1508540A1 (en) * 1966-05-27 1969-10-30 Siemens Gmbh Tunnel oven
GB1194036A (en) * 1967-09-22 1970-06-10 Gibbons Borthers Ltd Improvements relating to furnaces including and elongated furnace chamber with conveyer means for conveying work to be heated along a feed path within the furnace chamber
JPS5240507A (en) * 1975-09-26 1977-03-29 Takasago Kogyo Kk Tunnel furnace
JPS5251409A (en) * 1975-10-22 1977-04-25 Takasago Kogyo Kk Tunnel furnace
JPS53147704A (en) * 1977-05-31 1978-12-22 Ngk Insulators Ltd Method of burning glazed ceramics in tunnel kilns and kilns used therefore
JPS5344923A (en) * 1977-06-03 1978-04-22 Yoshiyuki Iwami Safety means for propane gas bomb cocks
DE2824367A1 (en) * 1978-06-01 1979-12-06 Keramische Ind Bedarfs Gmbh Pa Ceramics reducing atmosphere furnace control system - delivers reducing agents intermittently at high pressure into furnace
JPS54119508A (en) * 1978-12-13 1979-09-17 Takasago Kogyo Kk Truck type kiln
DE3032450C2 (en) * 1980-08-28 1986-07-03 Buchtal Gmbh, 8472 Schwarzenfeld Process for preventing reoxidation of the items to be fired in the cooling zone for a roller kiln and roller kiln for carrying out the process

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS57124684A (en) 1982-08-03
ZA818250B (en) 1983-01-26
EP0054184A1 (en) 1982-06-23
DE3046918A1 (en) 1982-07-15
JPH0117072B2 (en) 1989-03-28

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