EP0053932A1 - Methode zum Transportieren von Flüssigkeiten - Google Patents

Methode zum Transportieren von Flüssigkeiten Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0053932A1
EP0053932A1 EP81305747A EP81305747A EP0053932A1 EP 0053932 A1 EP0053932 A1 EP 0053932A1 EP 81305747 A EP81305747 A EP 81305747A EP 81305747 A EP81305747 A EP 81305747A EP 0053932 A1 EP0053932 A1 EP 0053932A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
liquid
tank
inlet
pipe
air inlet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP81305747A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0053932B1 (de
Inventor
Stuart Hopton Small
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT81305747T priority Critical patent/ATE20932T1/de
Publication of EP0053932A1 publication Critical patent/EP0053932A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0053932B1 publication Critical patent/EP0053932B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
    • E03F1/00—Methods, systems, or installations for draining-off sewage or storm water
    • E03F1/006—Pneumatic sewage disposal systems; accessories specially adapted therefore

Definitions

  • This invention relates to apparatus for the transport of liquids, e.g. in a vacuum sewer system.
  • a conventional vacuum sewer system comprises a waste inlet and a vacuum pump connected by a line including a valve providing a seal in the line.
  • the pressure difference across the valve is often about 0.5 atm. Opening the valve causes evacuation of the inlet,and a plug of waste is subjected to considerable acceleration under the influence of the pressure difference. On evacuation, this plus acts like a projectile and can make the system very noisy.
  • a further disadvantage of such a system is the need to pass waste through a mechanical valve. Moreover, since the valve is usually operated on a time-delay basis, air may be drawn into the system unnecessarily after the plug of waste has been evacuated from the inlet and before the valve closes.
  • FIG. WO 81/00102 discloses and claims apparatus comprising a tank having an inlet and an outlet; means for reducing pressure in the tank; and an air inlet into the tank.
  • Figure 5 of this Publication illustrates an embodiment of such apparatus in which a first tank (as defined) is connected via a rise pipe to a secondary tank.
  • the secondary tank is connected to a vacuum pump and has an outlet through which liquid may be discharged.
  • liquid transport apparatus comprises a liquid transport line having an inlet for liquid, a rise pipe and an air inlet; means for reducing pressure in the line; and means for replenishing transported liquid, such that a column of liquid can be maintained in the rise pipe when the pressure-reducing means is in operation and the air inlet is open.
  • a liquid transport method comprises operating apparatus of the invention such that a column of liquid stands in the rise pipe, and closing the air inlet. Transport may also be effected by raising the level of liquid at the inlet.
  • the present invention provides apparatus and a method which can be used, in general, where vacuum sewer systems are employed.
  • the apparatus and method are of particular use in transporting liquid from a lavatory.
  • apparatus of the invention in use may be said to exist in a "steady state".
  • the height of the liquid column is determined, in the steady state, by the pressure reduction achieved by the pressure-reducing means (for simplicity, hereinafter referred to as a "pump") working against the leak caused by allowing air to pass into the line through the air inlet. Closure of the air inlet causes further redution of pressure in the line and transport of liquid from the inlet, up the rise pripe above the steady state level.
  • the pressure-reducing means for simplicity, hereinafter referred to as a "pump”
  • the rise pipe should be sufficiently high to allow a column of liquid to stand therein in the steady state.
  • a water column may be about 1 m. higher than the liquid level at the inlet. If transport along the line is desired, the rise pipe should not be so high that there cannot be liquid transport when the air inlet is closed.
  • the air inlet may be blocked manually, although it may be preferred to provide a valve which blocks the air inlet mechanically when it is desired to transport liquid along the line.
  • a suitable valve may comprise a spring-loaded closure member, such that the air inlet is open except when the member is caused to close the inlet against the action of the spring. Closure of the air inlet may be effected on a time-delay sequence. An automatic sequence may be appropriate for use with urinals.
  • the air inlet is closed for a relatively short period of time, a proportion only of liquid previously standing in the rise pipe may be transported. If the air inlet is closed for a relatively long time, depending on the liquid replenishment means, the liquid seal between the inlet and the pump may be wholly removed. The resultant increase in pressure in the line may be used of itself to cause replenishment. Similarly, re-opening of the air inlet may be used to cause replenishment.
  • the replenishment means may comprise, for example, a vessel or pipe in which there can be a standing or continuously flowing body of liquid such that the inlet to the transport line can stand in the body of liquid.
  • a standing body of liquid may itself need replenishment once a sufficient volume of liquid has been transported therefrom using apparatus of the invention.
  • replenishment means may be designed to deliver liquid to replace that transported, only when required.
  • a replenishment tank, or series of tanks may be provided, designed to deliver a predetermined quantity of liquid to the inlet when, or at a short space of time after, the air inlet is blocked.
  • a replenishment tank for a domestic lavatory can be mounted in the same manner as a conventional lavatory cistern.
  • a replenishment tank discharging directly to the liquid inlet of liquid transport apparatus of the invention may be connected to a liquid supply tank,e.g. via a hydraulic leg, which is in communication withthe pump.
  • a liquid supply tank e.g. via a hydraulic leg, which is in communication withthe pump.
  • the limbs of the hydraulic leg are of sufficient length, separate columns of liquid stand in each limb of the leg.
  • closure and re-opening of the air inlet can cause liquid to pass into the limb in connection with the replenishment tank.
  • This effect can be used to replace liquid in the transport apparatus inlet, simply by allowing the liquid level in the replenishment tank to pass through an overflow outlet connected to the liquid inlet of the apparatus.
  • a "flushing" tank may be present in the leg, and this tank may be connected to the pump.
  • the liquid inlet to the flushing tank may be a relatively large bore connection,to the supply tank, and the liquid outlet from the flushing tank a relatively small bore connection, to the replenishment tank.
  • the former connection may be of a height greater than the column of liquid which can be maintained therein in the steady state, but less than the height of the "column" when the air inlet is closed.
  • the flushing/replenishment tank arrangement described above requires that the height of the limb above the replenishment tank should be such that it can hold a column of liquid, in the steady state. If it is desired that the flushing tank, which will normally be in the apex of the leg, is a smaller height above the replenishment tank, then this can be achieved by leading the air inlet into the flushing tank, and then into a discharge tank of the type described. The pressure difference between the flushing and replenishment tanks is then smaller than the difference between the discharge tank and the inlet (which determines the height of the column in the rise pipe) by a factor determined by the depth of the air inlet line beneath liquid in the discharge tank.
  • the height of a flushing tank/replenishment tank arrangement may be such that a lavatory can be sufficiently well flushed by discharge of water thereinto, under gravity. Cleaning of a lavatory may be achieved by control of the air inlet, such that the level of liquid therein is caused to oscillate.
  • Individual supply tanks can be supplied with, say, water from a main.
  • the supply into each tank is suitably monitored by, say, a conventional ball-cock. It may also be desirable to replace liquid in a hydraulic leg leading to a replenishment tank, e.g. into a flushing tank of the type described, and this can be controlled as desired.
  • a plurality of liquid inlets may be connected, each via an associated rise pipe, to a single vacuum pump.
  • a discharge tank is present, liquid removed from each rise pipe on closure of the air inlet may be discharged into one such tank. It will be appreciated that a single such operation will cause removal of liquid from all the rise pipes connected to the pump. This may be satisfactory where, for example, the liquid inlets are a plurality of urinals but will be less satisfactory where, for example, each liquid inlet is an individual lavatory.
  • liquid in the apparatus of the invention may carry solids, e.g. when the inlet is a lavatory. It may be desirable to ensure that any solids are disintegrated before being carried long distances through pipes in the apparatus, in order that not all the pipes have to be of a cross-section sufficient to allow the solids to pass therethrough.
  • each rise pipe can be formed as an intermediate tank, or to connect each rise pipe to an intermediate tank.
  • the intermediate tank can be connected to the discharge tank via a secondary rise pipe in which a column of liquid can be maintained,in the steady state.
  • Attrition of solids in an intermediate tank can be provided by an air inlet.
  • Difference in pressure between air inlets into intermediate and discharge tanks can be achieved by providing a constricted line leading into the intermediate tank from a point where the atmosphere is regulated by the pump.
  • a constricted line can also be used to provide the pressure difference necessary to maintain columns of liquid when the transport line comprises two rise pipes.
  • the height of-the liquid column in a -rise pipe between one liquid inlet and its intermediate tank is then determined, in the steady state, by the pressure reduction caused by the pump, taking into account the pressure increase caused by the air inlet and the drop in the pressure at the constriction in the air line. Sufficient difference in pressure can be achieved by blocking the air inlet to cause liquid in the first rise pipe to be removed into the intermediate tank.
  • apparatus of the invention including a plurality of liquid inlet/rise pipe/intermediate tank units, it may be desirable to use a constant pressure vacuum valve, such that the treatment vacuum is unchanged on blocking the air leak into any intermediate tank.
  • the overpressure from the pump may be used to aerate waste dischargedfrom the system, e.g. in a trickle filter.
  • the liquid transport line may have an outlet submerged in liquid in a discharge tank. Owing to the presence of the pump, a column of liquid will then stand in the line above the liquid level at the outlet. Transport of liquid between the inlet and the outlet may be controlled, if desired, by varying the cross-section of pipes in the line, and/or by providing further air inlets, e.g. between the pump and the outlet, and/or by providing a plurality of vacuum pumps.
  • apparatus of the invention can be used to transfer liquid from an atmospheric to a vacuum system, e.g.
  • apparatus may comprise a primary flow pipe; a rise pipe extending into the primary pipe; and a level control pipe, in parallel to the discharge pipe, both discharge and rise pipes being connected to a vacuum pump.
  • the rise and control pipes may both lead into the same discharge tank.
  • a first constant pressure valve may be provided in the control pipe line, which causes reduced vacuum to be applied when the inlet to the control pipe is uncovered.
  • a second constant pressure valve may be provided to allow a higher vacuum pressure to be applied between the pump and the inlet to the rise pipe when the inlet to the control pipe is covered.
  • apparatus of the invention can be used to discharge waste or other liquid from a vacuum sewer system to a conventional sewer.
  • a rise pipe extends upwardly from the flow pipe and is connected to a vacuum system, e.g. the outlet of apparatus illustrated in Figure 1 of International Patent Publication No. WO 81/00102.
  • the rise pipe which acts as the discharge pipe from the vacuum system, should have an internal diameter sufficiently large to permit the continuous sedimentation of solid material.
  • a column of liquid stands in the rise pipe while the level of liquid in the flow pipe is above the inlet to the rise pipe.
  • An air inlet is provided in the rise pipe, at a point above the normal level of liquid in the flow pipe, in order that air can pass into the rise pipe and aerate the waste standing therein. In this way, standing waste is prevented from turning septic.
  • Apparatus of the invention while being applicable to the transport of all types of liquids, can avoid the disadvantages described above when the inlet is a waste inlet such as a domestic lavatory.
  • the pressure difference which is needed to maintain a liquid column in the rise pipe need not be as great as the vacuum conventionally used in a vacuum-flushed sewer system.
  • the pressure difference may be about 0.1 atm.
  • Apparatus of the invention can yet provide substantially complete, substantially noiseless removal of waste in the inlet when the vacuum above the column is increased.
  • Transport can be associated with the introduction of materials such as disinfectants, deodorants and dyes, and the invention provides a convenient dosing system for such materials.
  • the apparatus can be used for exhaust ventilation, and allows central monitoring of undesirable gas evolution.
  • the present invention provides an increased transport force when this is applied. This is despite the reduction in noise associated with ballistic systems.
  • Apparatus of the invention can be used with considerably simpler lavatories than the conventional domestic lavatory.
  • the system provides an odour trap and there is no need for any conventional "U-bend".
  • the lavatory does not have to be constructed in a configuration designed for the transport of flushing water.
  • apparatus of the invention does not limit the shape of a lavatory which may thus be, for example, funnel-shaped, suitably with vertical or near-vertical side-walls above the funnel.
  • the lavatory can be designed to minimise the area of the surface which can become soiled, and the configuration can be such that a small depth of water is maintained, in use over this area.
  • a funnel-shaped configuration may readily be modified to cause a swirling flow on flushing, if desired.
  • Apparatus of the invention can have wide utility and yet require a minimum of moving parts.
  • a vacuum pump may be the only moving part, and this can be physically separated from the or each liquid inlet.
  • any replenishment tank needs no moving parts.
  • the system not only causes transport of water but also removes air, rather than requiring any separate fan as has previously been the case in conventional lavatories. Liquid and any waste do not have to pass through mechanical valves. While specific applications have been described with regard to waste transport, apparatus of the invention may also be used to transport, for example, potable water.
  • the point at which air is allowed to enter the line may be permanently (e.g. in the rise pipe), occasionally or never in contact with liquid, whether or not during transport.
  • the actual inlet into the line may need to be formed such that it allows the passage of air in one direction, but not liquid in the other. It should not allow the passage of air to a degree which prevents the maintenance of a liquid column in the rise pipe.
  • Figure 1 shows apparatus comprising a liquid inlet 1 (which may be a lavatory bowl) connected via a rise pipe 2 to a discharge tank 3. Reduced pressure can be maintained in the tank 3 by virtue of its connection, via a line 4, to a vacuum pump (not shown).
  • the tank 3 also has a liquid outlet 5.
  • An air leak having an inlet 6 and a safety tank 7 is connected to the apparatus by a line 8.
  • a column of liquid stands in the rise pipe 2, to a height h above the level of liquid (shown as a dotted line) in the inlet 1.
  • Liquid in the inlet and the rise pipe forms a seal between the inlet and the vacuum pump. Removal of liquid in the column may be effected by blocking the air inlet 6.
  • a tank (not shown) provides liquid to replenish that removed, without breaking the seal.
  • FIG. 2 shows apparatus comprising a plurality of liquid inlets 10, 11 connected via associated rise pipes 12, 13 to a discharge tank 14. Reduced pressure can be achieved in the tank 14 by virtue of its connection,via a line 15, to a vacuum pump (not shown).
  • the tank 14 also has a liquid outlet 16.
  • An air pipe having an inlet 17 passes into the tank 14 and its outlet 18 is formed as an aerator.
  • FIG. 2 also illustrates means whereby liquid removed from inlet 10 can be replaced.
  • a replenishment tank 20 is connected to a liquid supply tank 21 via a hydraulic leg comprising a relatively large bore limb 22, a relatively small bore limb 23 and, between the limbs, a flushing tank 24.
  • the flushing tank 24 is connected via an air line 25 to the discharge tank 14.
  • the replenishment tank 20 has an overflow outlet 26.
  • liquid lies in the inlets 10, 11 and in the tanks 20, 21 and 24 at least, while columns of liquid, the height of which is the same as the height of the columns of liquid in the rise pipes 12, 13, stand in limbs 22, 23.
  • liquid is transferred via the rise pipes 12, 13 into the discharge tank 14 and via limb 22 into the flushing tank 24.
  • the level of liquid in limb 23 is raised.
  • the liquid transferred to the flushing tank 24 via limb 22 is thus transferred via limb 23 to the replenishment tank 20 and is discharged to the inlet 10 via the overflow 26.
  • Re-opening the air inlet 17 permits reestablishment of the "steady state" conditions prevailing before the air inlet was closed.
  • FIG 3 illustrates apparatus having the same components as that of Figure 2, except that no second inlet/rise pipe assembly is shown. The important distinction lies in the connection of the line 15 to the flushing tank 24.
  • the illustrated apparatus operates in the same manner as that of Figure 2, except that, in the steady state, a lower column of liquid stands in the limb 23.
  • Figure 4 shows apparatus comprising a liquid inlet 30 connected via a rise pipe 31 to an intermediate tank 32.
  • the intermediate tank 32 is connected via a secondary rise pipe 33 to a discharge tank 34.
  • the discharge tank 34 has a liquid outlet 35, a line 36 connected to a vacuum pump (not shown) and an aerator 37.
  • the intermediate tank 32 and the discharge tank 34 have a connecting air lines 38 including a constriction at 39.
  • the intermediate tank 32 is connected to an air inlet 40 which terminates in an aerator 41.
  • the illustrated rise pipe 31 can be replaced by a lead directly into the intermediate tank 32 at any level.
  • the intermediate tank can function to break up solids by attrition on aeration.
  • the pipe 33 can thus be of smaller cross-section than that of pipe 31.
  • Figure 5 shows a primary flow pipe 50, a rise pipe 51 connected to a vacuum sewer system (not shown) at its upper end, and an air leak 52.
  • the rise pipe 51 extends at its lower end into a recess 53 in the flow pipe 50.
  • FIGs 6 and 7 again show a primary flow pipe 50 and rise pipe 51 and (in Figure 7) a recess 53.
  • Figures 5 and 6 also show that the upper end of the rise pipe 51 terminates in a discharge tank 54, to which a vacuum pump (not shown) is connected, and a control pipe 55 in parallel with the rise pipe 51. Transport into the discharge tank 54 occurs, in use, when the opening into the control pipe 55 (which is higher than the inlet to the rise pipe 51) is covered by liquid in the flow pipe 50, but not when the control pipe 55 allows the passage of air only.
  • Figure 7 shows constant pressure valves 56 and 57. These valves bring reduced and normal vacuum pressure into play, respectively, when the opening into the control pipe 55 is uncovered and covered, respectively.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Sewage (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
  • Pipeline Systems (AREA)
  • Media Introduction/Drainage Providing Device (AREA)
  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)
  • Sanitary Device For Flush Toilet (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
EP81305747A 1980-12-06 1981-12-04 Methode zum Transportieren von Flüssigkeiten Expired EP0053932B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81305747T ATE20932T1 (de) 1980-12-06 1981-12-04 Methode zum transportieren von fluessigkeiten.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8039194 1980-12-06
GB8039194 1980-12-06
GB8128297 1981-09-18
GB8128297 1981-09-18

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0053932A1 true EP0053932A1 (de) 1982-06-16
EP0053932B1 EP0053932B1 (de) 1986-07-23

Family

ID=26277754

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81305747A Expired EP0053932B1 (de) 1980-12-06 1981-12-04 Methode zum Transportieren von Flüssigkeiten

Country Status (9)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0053932B1 (de)
AU (1) AU556679B2 (de)
CA (1) CA1177359A (de)
DE (1) DE3174997D1 (de)
DK (1) DK161158C (de)
ES (1) ES8304630A1 (de)
FI (1) FI77911C (de)
IN (1) IN156184B (de)
NO (1) NO157226C (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3546392A1 (de) * 1985-12-31 1987-09-24 Schluff Reinhold Absperrorgan
DE3602971A1 (de) * 1985-12-31 1987-11-05 Schluff Reinhold Absperrorgan
GB2195370A (en) * 1986-08-29 1988-04-07 Waertsilae Oy Ab Method and control apparatus for discharging sewage by vacuum
US5137748A (en) * 1989-09-13 1992-08-11 Dai-Ichi Kogyo Keiyaku Co. Method for electrostatic coating of a resin molding
WO2012146173A1 (zh) * 2011-04-26 2012-11-01 Zeng Delin 单向回流余便清消结构

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR847250A (fr) * 1937-12-15 1939-10-05 Système d'assainissement urbain
US3049489A (en) * 1954-10-07 1962-08-14 Yeomans Brothers Co Method and apparatus for handling waste material
FR2308742A1 (fr) * 1975-04-23 1976-11-19 Ifoe Ab Perfectionnements aux systemes d'assainissement a vide a recipient collecteur
FR2415028A1 (fr) * 1978-01-23 1979-08-17 Evak Sanitaer Ab Systeme de water-closet a vide pour unites mobiles
WO1981000102A1 (en) * 1979-07-02 1981-01-22 S Small Waste disposal apparatus
DE3001150A1 (de) * 1980-01-15 1981-07-16 Electrolux Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg Entwaesserungsanlage mit beluefteter druckleitung

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR847250A (fr) * 1937-12-15 1939-10-05 Système d'assainissement urbain
US3049489A (en) * 1954-10-07 1962-08-14 Yeomans Brothers Co Method and apparatus for handling waste material
FR2308742A1 (fr) * 1975-04-23 1976-11-19 Ifoe Ab Perfectionnements aux systemes d'assainissement a vide a recipient collecteur
GB1502552A (en) * 1975-04-23 1978-03-01 Ifoe Ab Vacuum sewer systems including collecting tanks
FR2415028A1 (fr) * 1978-01-23 1979-08-17 Evak Sanitaer Ab Systeme de water-closet a vide pour unites mobiles
US4199828A (en) * 1978-01-23 1980-04-29 Evak Sanitar Ab Vacuum toilet apparatus for mobile units
WO1981000102A1 (en) * 1979-07-02 1981-01-22 S Small Waste disposal apparatus
DE3001150A1 (de) * 1980-01-15 1981-07-16 Electrolux Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg Entwaesserungsanlage mit beluefteter druckleitung

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3546392A1 (de) * 1985-12-31 1987-09-24 Schluff Reinhold Absperrorgan
DE3602971A1 (de) * 1985-12-31 1987-11-05 Schluff Reinhold Absperrorgan
GB2195370A (en) * 1986-08-29 1988-04-07 Waertsilae Oy Ab Method and control apparatus for discharging sewage by vacuum
GB2195370B (en) * 1986-08-29 1991-02-06 Waertsilae Oy Ab Method of discharging sewage by vacuum and control apparatus for carrying the method into effect
US5137748A (en) * 1989-09-13 1992-08-11 Dai-Ichi Kogyo Keiyaku Co. Method for electrostatic coating of a resin molding
WO2012146173A1 (zh) * 2011-04-26 2012-11-01 Zeng Delin 单向回流余便清消结构

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0053932B1 (de) 1986-07-23
DK161158C (da) 1991-11-25
FI813882L (fi) 1982-06-07
AU7824481A (en) 1982-06-17
IN156184B (de) 1985-06-01
NO157226B (no) 1987-11-02
NO157226C (no) 1988-02-10
FI77911B (fi) 1989-01-31
NO814150L (no) 1981-06-07
DK161158B (da) 1991-06-03
ES507753A0 (es) 1983-03-01
DK537781A (da) 1982-06-07
FI77911C (fi) 1989-05-10
CA1177359A (en) 1984-11-06
DE3174997D1 (en) 1986-08-28
ES8304630A1 (es) 1983-03-01
AU556679B2 (en) 1986-11-13

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