EP0053085B1 - Verfahren zum Reinigen von Oberflächen, die durch Ablagerungen aus der Verbrennung kohlenstoffhaltiger Materialien verunreinigt sind - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Reinigen von Oberflächen, die durch Ablagerungen aus der Verbrennung kohlenstoffhaltiger Materialien verunreinigt sind Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0053085B1
EP0053085B1 EP81420171A EP81420171A EP0053085B1 EP 0053085 B1 EP0053085 B1 EP 0053085B1 EP 81420171 A EP81420171 A EP 81420171A EP 81420171 A EP81420171 A EP 81420171A EP 0053085 B1 EP0053085 B1 EP 0053085B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
injecting
process according
deposits
solution
installation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81420171A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0053085A1 (de
Inventor
Marc-André Forster
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Somafer SA
Original Assignee
Somafer SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Somafer SA filed Critical Somafer SA
Priority to AT81420171T priority Critical patent/ATE5023T1/de
Publication of EP0053085A1 publication Critical patent/EP0053085A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0053085B1 publication Critical patent/EP0053085B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
    • F28G7/00—Cleaning by vibration or pressure waves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B7/00—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass
    • B08B7/0007—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by explosions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
    • C23G5/00—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J3/00—Removing solid residues from passages or chambers beyond the fire, e.g. from flues by soot blowers
    • F23J3/02—Cleaning furnace tubes; Cleaning flues or chimneys
    • F23J3/023—Cleaning furnace tubes; Cleaning flues or chimneys cleaning the fireside of watertubes in boilers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
    • F28G9/00—Cleaning by flushing or washing, e.g. with chemical solvents

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for cleaning the surfaces of an installation, fouled by deposits, including or not, resulting from the combustion of carbonaceous materials, applicable without having to stop the combustion process.
  • any combustion operation using carbonaceous materials is generally accompanied, on the one hand, by the emission of gas. more or less hot, on the other hand, from the formation of non-combustible mineral products and unburned carbon products. These products are more or less entrained in the circuits in which the gases are transported and they can either deposit on their surface or react chemically with the materials constituting said surfaces, due to the high temperature and their composition, melt and adhere to these last. We thus created more or less encrusting deposits.
  • Such a method is generally implemented outside any combustion process, that is to say the plant stopped; if not, use blowing heads designed so that they can be exposed to the action of more or less corrosive hot gases without deteriorating.
  • Chemical cleaning can also be used, for example, soaking the surfaces to be cleaned with an ammonia solution to neutralize the sulfuric anhydride present in the deposits to be eliminated (see for example FR-A-1 357992).
  • this method has the same disadvantages as those mentioned above.
  • This process is characterized in that a solution of at least one body capable of chemically reacting with carbonaceous deposits is injected into the installation, in the form of a dispersion which is entrained by the flow of combustion gases. minerals that clog the surfaces, and that the particles resulting from the chemical reactions are moved by phasing with aerial acoustic waves in order to cause them to be entrained by the flow of combustion gases or their fall towards the ashtrays of the installation.
  • the cleaning process is characterized, firstly, by injecting into the installation, in the form of a dispersion which is entrained by the flow of combustion gases, a solution of at least one body likely to react chemically with carbon and mineral deposits resulting from the combustion of carbonaceous materials.
  • the chemical reaction must most generally lead to the oxidation of the deposits.
  • carbon deposits there is combustion, therefore, destruction of said deposits; in the case of mineral deposits, an oxidation reaction takes place leading to an increase in volume, and therefore to the disintegration of the crystal structures of the deposits.
  • this destruction of the structures can also be induced by chemical reactions of the decomposition reaction type and / or substitution reactions.
  • the chemical reaction must also be able to take place under high temperature chemistry conditions.
  • the applicant preferably uses an oxidant and in particular a nitrate, or else a mixture of nitrates such as potassium nitrate and ammonium nitrate, which, when used in aqueous solution, have a concentration of the order of 200 to 300 g / liter.
  • the injected body always contains the corrosion inhibitors necessary to avoid chemical attacks on the materials constituting the system. It is also possible to use bodies capable of inducing neutralization and / or substitution reactions. The choice of the constituents of the injected body and the quantities of the injected body also take account of the atmospheric pollution regulations.
  • the body is used in the divided state in order to obtain the largest possible contact surface with carbonaceous and mineral deposits, and, consequently, an accelerated chemical reduction.
  • This state of division can be further increased by injecting the body in the form of a solution which is atomized by means of ultrasonic atomizers or by any other means capable of ensuring a suitable dispersion and the number and the geographical location of which are essentially a function of the structure of the installation to be cleaned.
  • the atomizers can be installed specially for the cleaning operation or permanently on the existing openings of the installation, for example on manholes.
  • the body can be injected continuously throughout the cleaning period or in a scheduled fashion.
  • the body pulverized and entrained by the gases resulting from the combustion is rapidly brought into contact with the carbonaceous and mineral deposits on which it reacts by causing them combustion or the desired chemical reaction. These reactions cause their fine fragmentation which will promote their subsequent displacement under the action of acoustic waves.
  • the system to be cleaned being in normal operation during the injection of the body, the temperatures at which the reactions take place are between 300 and 1000 ° C, and these reactions are therefore very fast, and even require high temperature chemistry.
  • the second characteristic of the invention therefore consists in displacing the particles resulting from the chemical reactions in order to cause them to entrain in the flow of combustion gases or their fall towards the ashtrays of the installation.
  • This setting in motion of the particles is obtained by their putting in phase with air acoustic waves, generated by sources of sound vibrations. These sources emit vibrations of audible frequencies of 250 Hertz, for example. It is in the audible frequency range that sound sources are most effective for the intended purpose, but it is possible to use infra or ultra-sound sources for certain deposits.
  • the deposits which foul the surfaces of the installation are reduced to a more or less pulverulent mass of particles which is either entrained by the gases resulting from the cumbustion and possibly stopped by electrostatic precipitators, or redeposited in certain places of the installation, for example in the lower parts of the installation where it does not hinder the heat exchanges and can be recovered at any time or during a stop of the 'installation according to the design of the latter.
  • FIG. 1 shows, schematically, a vertical section of a large power boiler (1) equipped with a burner (2) emitting a flame (3) generating hot gases which circulate in the direction of the arrows (4), accompanied by carbonaceous products and minerals which deposit on the surfaces (5) of the four exchangers (6).
  • Four sprayers (7) arranged in different places of the boiler inject the body capable of reacting chemically with the deposits which foul the surfaces while five sound sources (8) have been placed on each of the two lateral sides of the installation, parallel to the axis of the burner.
  • FIG. 2 represents a vertical section of a small power steel boiler (9) for the production of hot water or steam equipped with a burner (10) emitting a flame (11) from which result the gases which circulate following the direction of the arrows (12), leaving a part of the solid products which accompany them on the exchange surfaces (13).
  • a burner 10
  • three injectors (14) were placed while a sound source (15) was placed between the two tubular bundles of the installation.
  • FIG. 3 represents a vertical section of a refinery furnace (16) consuming 70 tonnes of heavy fuel oil per day.
  • This oven is equipped with three burners (17) which emit flames (18) in each of the three radiation cells (19).
  • the combustion gases circulate in the direction of the arrows (20) and allow some of the suspended particles to deposit, which they entrain on the surfaces of the exchangers (21).
  • Three sprayers (22) were placed near each of the burners, and a fourth, at the exit of the radiation cells, while seven sound sources (23) were placed for three of them on one of the side walls of the installation at the level of the cells and, for the other four, at the level of the exchangers (21).
  • the process was as follows: 200 liters of a solution containing 155 g / l of ammonium nitrate and 135 g / l of potassium nitrate were injected, brought by addition of ammonia at a pH in the region of 9.3 and this, for a period of 60 minutes in four periods of 15 minutes, with a stop of 30 m between each injection.
  • the boiler draft was reduced to a minimum in order to avoid loss of body through the chimney and four sound sources installed on the walls of the boiler were activated for 10 seconds every 15 minutes at a frequency of 250 Hz and an intensity of 140 decibels. These sources were kept in service for 24 hours after the end of the injection to complete the cleaning.
  • the particles which detached from the surfaces were entrained by the flow of combustion gases and stopped by an electro-filter.
  • 5000 liters of a solution containing 115 g / l of ammonium nitrate and 135 g / l of potassium nitrate brought to the surface were injected in five 30-minute periods, separated by 30-minute rest periods. a pH of 9.3 by addition of ammonia.
  • This process finds its application in the cleaning of the surfaces of installations such as, in particular, boiler combustion chambers, rotary or static heat exchangers, flues and smoke ducts, electrostatic filters, and on which we want to intervene without having to stop the combustion process and maintain maximum heat output in order to achieve significant energy savings.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
  • Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)
  • Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
  • Prevention Of Fouling (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)

Claims (12)

1. Verfahren zum Reinigen von Oberflächen einer Anlage, die durch Ablagerungen aus Verbrennungen kohlenstoffhaltiger Materialien verunreinigt sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in die Anlage eine Lösung wenigstens einer Substanz eingespritzt wird, die mit den kohlenstoffhaltigen und mineralischen Ablagerungen chemisch reagieren kann, die die Oberflächen verunreinigen, wobei die Lösung eine von Verbrennungsgasen mitgerissene Dispersion ist, und dass die aus den chemischen Reaktionen resultierenden Teilchen durch Inphasebringen mit Luftschallwellen bewegt werden, damit sie durch den Strom der Verbrennungsgase mitgerissen werden oder in die Aschenräume der Anlage fallen.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Lösung wenigstens einer Substanz eingespritzt wird, die mit den zu beseitigenden Ablagerungen Zersetzungs- und/oder Austauschreaktionen ergibt.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Lösung wenigstens einer Substanz eingespritzt wird, die unter chemischen Hochtemperaturbedingungen reagiert.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Lösung wenigstens einer oxidierenden Substanz eingespritzt wird.
5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine wässrige Lösung mit einem Gehalt von 200 bis 300 g/I Ammoniumnitrat eingespritzt wird.
6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Lösung aus einem Gemisch aus Kaliumnitrat und Ammoniumnitrat eingespritzt wird.
7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die wässrige Lösung auf einen pH-Wert von über 9 gebracht wird durch Zersetzen von Ammoniak oder irgendeiner anderen Substanz, die den pH-Wert der Ablagerungen stabilisieren kann.
8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Lösung einer mit Korrosionsschutzmitteln gemischten Substanz eingespritzt wird.
9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ausserhalb der Verbrennungszonen eine Lösung eingespritzt wird.
10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Inphasebringen der Teilchen durch Wellen mit hörbaren Frequenzen erfolgt.
11. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schallwellen durch Schallschwingungsquellen ausgesandt werden, die jeweils eine Energie von 100 bis 200 dB haben.
12. Verfahren nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schallschwingungsquellen Temperaturen bis zu 1000°C aushalten können.
EP81420171A 1980-11-26 1981-11-23 Verfahren zum Reinigen von Oberflächen, die durch Ablagerungen aus der Verbrennung kohlenstoffhaltiger Materialien verunreinigt sind Expired EP0053085B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81420171T ATE5023T1 (de) 1980-11-26 1981-11-23 Verfahren zum reinigen von oberflaechen, die durch ablagerungen aus der verbrennung kohlenstoffhaltiger materialien verunreinigt sind.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8025389 1980-11-26
FR8025389A FR2494814A1 (fr) 1980-11-26 1980-11-26 Procede de nettoyage des surfaces d'une installation, encrassees par des depots resultant de la combustion de matieres carbonees

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0053085A1 EP0053085A1 (de) 1982-06-02
EP0053085B1 true EP0053085B1 (de) 1983-10-12

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ID=9248489

Family Applications (1)

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EP81420171A Expired EP0053085B1 (de) 1980-11-26 1981-11-23 Verfahren zum Reinigen von Oberflächen, die durch Ablagerungen aus der Verbrennung kohlenstoffhaltiger Materialien verunreinigt sind

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US4396434A (de)
EP (1) EP0053085B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE5023T1 (de)
CA (1) CA1173335A (de)
DE (1) DE3161192D1 (de)
ES (1) ES8300996A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2494814A1 (de)
GR (1) GR68327B (de)
PT (1) PT74036B (de)

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GB2095283B (en) * 1981-02-09 1984-08-01 Polarchem Ltd Method for the prevention of deposits on or the removal ofdeposits from heating and ancillary surfaces
DE3200582C1 (de) * 1982-01-12 1983-04-07 Heinrich, Emil, 7054 Korb Verfahren zum Entfernen von Schmiermitteln von aus Metallpulver gepressten Formteilen und Vorrichtung zur Durchfuehrung des Verfahrens
CA1201032A (en) * 1982-10-28 1986-02-25 633972 Ontario Limited Condensing furnaces
US4655846A (en) * 1983-04-19 1987-04-07 Anco Engineers, Inc. Method of pressure pulse cleaning a tube bundle heat exchanger
US4645542A (en) * 1984-04-26 1987-02-24 Anco Engineers, Inc. Method of pressure pulse cleaning the interior of heat exchanger tubes located within a pressure vessel such as a tube bundle heat exchanger, boiler, condenser or the like
US4773357A (en) * 1986-08-29 1988-09-27 Anco Engineers, Inc. Water cannon apparatus and method for cleaning a tube bundle heat exchanger, boiler, condenser, or the like
US4960577A (en) * 1988-02-04 1990-10-02 Acurex Corporation Enhanced sorbent injection combined with natural gas reburning for a sox control for coal fired boilers
JPH04227487A (ja) * 1990-05-18 1992-08-17 Westinghouse Electric Corp <We> スラッジ及び腐食生成物の除去方法
US5461123A (en) * 1994-07-14 1995-10-24 Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Corporation Gas phase fluidized bed polyolefin polymerization process using sound waves
JP2981288B2 (ja) * 1994-08-23 1999-11-22 フォスター ホイーラー エナージア オサケ ユキチュア 流動床反応器装置の操作方法及び装置
US5960086A (en) * 1995-11-02 1999-09-28 Tri-Strata Security, Inc. Unified end-to-end security methods and systems for operating on insecure networks
FI109098B (fi) * 2000-04-14 2002-05-31 Nirania Ky Akustinen puhdistuslaite ja -menetelmä
JP4229840B2 (ja) * 2002-02-08 2009-02-25 エスケー エナジー 株式会社 ヒーターチューブの洗浄のための洗浄剤および方法
US7360508B2 (en) * 2004-06-14 2008-04-22 Diamond Power International, Inc. Detonation / deflagration sootblower
US20070149432A1 (en) * 2004-08-03 2007-06-28 Jeon-Keun Oh Cleaning agent and method for cleaning heater tubes
KR100686361B1 (ko) 2005-11-28 2007-02-26 날코코리아 유한회사 연료 기기 세척용 조성물
UA95486C2 (uk) * 2006-07-07 2011-08-10 Форс Текнолоджи Спосіб та система для поліпшеного застосування високоінтенсивних акустичних хвиль
US11371788B2 (en) * 2018-09-10 2022-06-28 General Electric Company Heat exchangers with a particulate flushing manifold and systems and methods of flushing particulates from a heat exchanger

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US621884A (en) * 1899-03-28 John macnaull wilson
US2351163A (en) * 1943-01-21 1944-06-13 Diamond Power Speciality Boiler cleaner
US2664274A (en) * 1951-12-22 1953-12-29 Lummus Co Method and apparatus employing sonic waves in heat exchange
US2935956A (en) * 1954-09-22 1960-05-10 Jack F Govan Slag control
US3234580A (en) * 1961-07-19 1966-02-15 Julian W Keck Treatment of heat exchanger surfaces
BE632703A (de) * 1962-05-24 1900-01-01
US3457108A (en) * 1964-08-03 1969-07-22 Dow Chemical Co Method of removing adherent materials
US3544366A (en) * 1967-02-03 1970-12-01 Carlo W Uhlmann Method for removing incrustation from metal surfaces
FI52147C (fi) * 1971-08-19 1977-06-10 Ahlstroem Oy Menetelmä ja laite höyrykattilan putkiston ulkopuolista puhdistusta va rten
SE365753B (de) * 1972-01-04 1974-04-01 Tri Innovations Ab

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3161192D1 (en) 1983-11-17
US4396434A (en) 1983-08-02
FR2494814A1 (fr) 1982-05-28
PT74036A (fr) 1981-12-01
ES507417A0 (es) 1982-11-01
EP0053085A1 (de) 1982-06-02
GR68327B (de) 1981-11-30
CA1173335A (fr) 1984-08-28
PT74036B (fr) 1983-04-26
ES8300996A1 (es) 1982-11-01
ATE5023T1 (de) 1983-10-15

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