EP0051482A1 - Production de gaz de gazogène - Google Patents

Production de gaz de gazogène Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0051482A1
EP0051482A1 EP81305207A EP81305207A EP0051482A1 EP 0051482 A1 EP0051482 A1 EP 0051482A1 EP 81305207 A EP81305207 A EP 81305207A EP 81305207 A EP81305207 A EP 81305207A EP 0051482 A1 EP0051482 A1 EP 0051482A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
producer
upper section
gas
chamber
fuel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP81305207A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
James Beverley 17 Ada Lane Portman
Edward Denzil Dundonald Cochrane
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DOUGLAS COCHRANE SONS AND Co Pty Ltd
Original Assignee
DOUGLAS COCHRANE SONS AND Co Pty Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DOUGLAS COCHRANE SONS AND Co Pty Ltd filed Critical DOUGLAS COCHRANE SONS AND Co Pty Ltd
Publication of EP0051482A1 publication Critical patent/EP0051482A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/74—Construction of shells or jackets
    • C10J3/76—Water jackets; Steam boiler-jackets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/22—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues
    • C10J3/24—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues to permit flow of gases or vapours other than upwardly through the fuel bed
    • C10J3/26—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues to permit flow of gases or vapours other than upwardly through the fuel bed downwardly
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/34—Grates; Mechanical ash-removing devices
    • C10J3/40—Movable grates
    • C10J3/42—Rotary grates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/093—Coal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0956—Air or oxygen enriched air

Definitions

  • THIS invention relates to a gas producer for the production of producer gas.
  • a gas producer comprising a chamber for containing a body of fuel from which gas will be produced, the chamber having a tapering upper section which is narrower at the top than at the bottom and in which an upper fire bed will; in use, be located and a lower section in which a lower fire bed will, in use, be located, means for introducing air simultaneously to both the upper and lower sections, and a gas outlet between the upper and lower sections.
  • the conditions in the upper section are equivalent to the known downdraught process, and that the conditions in the lower section are equivalent to the known updraught process.
  • the gas produced is clean. That.which is produced in the upper section of the chamber is clean because the volatile constituents of the fuel are broken down in the way known for a downdraught process.
  • the gas from the lower section of the chamber is also clean, because this is produced from the coke residue from the downdraught process in the upper section, and all the volatile constituents have been driven off in the downdraught portion of the process before the coke reaches the updraught portion.
  • the upper end of the chamber In order to ensure that all the fuel particles are subjected to the same conditions as they pass through the producer, it is desirable to shape the upper end of the chamber so that there are no void areas. This can be done by arranging the fuel inlet with a cross-sectional area equal to the cross-sectional area of the upper end of the upper section, and choosing the angle of taper of the upper section so that it is lest than the angle of repose of the fuel. The fuel will then completely fill the upper section, and a fuel particle at the edge of the section will be subjected to substantially the same conditions a 5 a particle in the center of the section.
  • the chamber is preferably surrounded by a water-cooled jacket.
  • the gas outlet preferably includes an annular space surrounding the upper section and open at its bottom to the interior of the chamber with the gas leaving the producer through an outlet pipe close to the top of the annular space.
  • the space thus acts as a manifold and ensures that gas is drawn evenly from all the way around the chamber. Additionally the upward flow of the gas from the fuel in the bed to the outlet pipe has some effect in allowing dust to settle out of the gas.
  • the annular space can be waterjacketed so that some cooling of the gas is achieved before it leaves the producer.
  • the producer is preferably arranged to operate under.suction.
  • the gas produced is sucked out of the producer itself, and this causes air to be sucked in.
  • Air inlets are provided at the top and at the bottom of the chamber, so that air flows in to both of the fire beds.
  • the gas producer shown in the drawing has a fuel inlet 1 and an ash outlet 2. Between the inlet 1, and the outlet 2, the producer has a chamber surrounded by a water jacket 3. The producer also has a gas outlet 4, air inlets 5 and 6 and a poking hole 7. The interior of the producer is divided into an upper section generally indicated at 8 and a lower section generally indicated at 9. The upper section 8 has a conical inner wall 10.
  • An eccentric plate type grate 12 is provided at the bottom of the producer above the ash outlet 2.
  • Both the upper section 8 and the lower section 9 will be.full of fuel in various stages of being consumed.
  • Fresh fuel is charged into the inlet 1 and ash is discharged from the outlet 2.
  • Fire beds indicated by phantom lines at 16 and 14 are present in both upper and lower sections. Air is drawn in through the air inlet 5 and passes through the fuel in the inlet 1 to the fire bed 16.
  • the fuel is coal
  • the coal burns in the oxygen from the air.
  • the coal is burnt to coke and the tars and volatiles in the coal are burnt to C0 2 .
  • insufficient oxygen is able to reach the lower edge of the fire.bed 16 to completely combust the coal, and this therefore remains as coke.
  • the gas leaving the chamber through the outlet 4 does not require much cleaning. In practice it is passed through cyclones acting as dedusters and then through a heat exchanger to cool the gas. The gas can then be fed to the area where it will be consumed.
  • Air is preferably sucked into the chamber of the producer by means of suction applied to the outlet 4.
  • the suction can be by means of a fan arranged downstream of-the cyclones and heat exchanger. Using this method, it is not necessary for the chamber to have a tight fitting lid. Although some air may still be'drawn in through the fuel present in the hopper, this will not affect the performance. Furthermore, it is easier to use the poke holes 7 since hot gasses will not be blown out when these are opened to poke the .charge inside the producer.
  • the inner wall 10 of the upper section 8 is inclined to the vertical at an angle a.
  • this angle can be about 30°, but other fuels may require different angles, normally in the range 5 to 45°.
  • the factors to be taken into account in determining this angle are the swelling index of the fuel and the angle of repose taken up naturally by an inclined side of a heap of the fuel. If this condition is met, fuel will be in contact with the inner wall 10 throughout the length of the wall. There will thus be no void areas where gas can collect.
  • the walls have parallel sides.
  • the eccentric grate 12 is of a known type. An external operating bar will be provided so that the grate can be rotated periodically to force ash through to the outlet 2.
  • the air inlet to the lower fire bed 14 is through the inlet 6 and through the apertures in the grate 12.
  • the amount of moisture entering the producer with the inlet air is relevant to the proportion of hydrogen in the gas produced.
  • Moisture can conveniently be added to the air flowing to the inlets- 5 and 6 by means of a steam take-off pipe from the heat exchanger downstream of the producer.
  • the amount of steam being admitted to the inlet air flow can conveniently by-gauged by placing a temperature sensor in the inlet air line.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
EP81305207A 1980-11-04 1981-11-02 Production de gaz de gazogène Withdrawn EP0051482A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ZA806790 1980-11-04
ZA806790 1980-11-04
ZA812945 1981-05-04
ZA812945 1981-05-05

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0051482A1 true EP0051482A1 (fr) 1982-05-12

Family

ID=27132569

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81305207A Withdrawn EP0051482A1 (fr) 1980-11-04 1981-11-02 Production de gaz de gazogène

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0051482A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU7709381A (fr)
ZW (1) ZW26681A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2522333A1 (fr) * 1982-03-01 1983-09-02 Skf Steel Eng Ab Procede et dispositif pour la gazeification d'un materiau carbone
EP0191009A2 (fr) * 1985-02-07 1986-08-13 Waagner-Biro Aktiengesellschaft Procédé pour la production d'un gaz combustible pauvre en goudron et installation de gazéification de combustible pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé
GB2259521A (en) * 1991-09-12 1993-03-17 Us Energy Moving bed coal gasifier

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE171052C (fr) *
DE170050C (fr) * 1903-12-11
DE549512C (de) * 1927-12-17 1932-04-28 Humboldt Deutzmotoren Akt Ges Verfahren zur selbsttaetigen Regelung der Luftzufuhr bei Gaserzeugeranlagen mit wechselnder Beanspruchung und mit mehreren Feuerstellen
DE664524C (de) * 1935-04-12 1938-08-29 Humboldt Deutzmotoren Akt Ges Doppelfeuergaserzeuger, insbesondere fuer teerhaltige Brennstoffe
FR989713A (fr) * 1944-03-02 1951-09-12 P Lannes Ets Gazogène
DE894889C (de) * 1943-08-24 1953-10-29 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Doppelfeuergaserzeuger

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE171052C (fr) *
DE170050C (fr) * 1903-12-11
DE549512C (de) * 1927-12-17 1932-04-28 Humboldt Deutzmotoren Akt Ges Verfahren zur selbsttaetigen Regelung der Luftzufuhr bei Gaserzeugeranlagen mit wechselnder Beanspruchung und mit mehreren Feuerstellen
DE664524C (de) * 1935-04-12 1938-08-29 Humboldt Deutzmotoren Akt Ges Doppelfeuergaserzeuger, insbesondere fuer teerhaltige Brennstoffe
DE894889C (de) * 1943-08-24 1953-10-29 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Doppelfeuergaserzeuger
FR989713A (fr) * 1944-03-02 1951-09-12 P Lannes Ets Gazogène

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2522333A1 (fr) * 1982-03-01 1983-09-02 Skf Steel Eng Ab Procede et dispositif pour la gazeification d'un materiau carbone
EP0191009A2 (fr) * 1985-02-07 1986-08-13 Waagner-Biro Aktiengesellschaft Procédé pour la production d'un gaz combustible pauvre en goudron et installation de gazéification de combustible pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé
EP0191009A3 (en) * 1985-02-07 1987-04-15 Waagner-Biro Aktiengesellschaft Process for producing a tar-free combustible gas and fuel gasification plant to carry out the process
GB2259521A (en) * 1991-09-12 1993-03-17 Us Energy Moving bed coal gasifier

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU7709381A (en) 1982-05-13
ZW26681A1 (en) 1982-04-07

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PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

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AK Designated contracting states

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STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

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18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 19830414

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: PORTMAN, JAMES BEVERLEY17 ADA LANE

Inventor name: COCHRANE, EDWARD DENZIL DUNDONALD