EP0050552B1 - Bougie d'allumage par étincelles perfectionnée - Google Patents

Bougie d'allumage par étincelles perfectionnée Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0050552B1
EP0050552B1 EP81401566A EP81401566A EP0050552B1 EP 0050552 B1 EP0050552 B1 EP 0050552B1 EP 81401566 A EP81401566 A EP 81401566A EP 81401566 A EP81401566 A EP 81401566A EP 0050552 B1 EP0050552 B1 EP 0050552B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
support
sparking
electrode
central electrode
insulator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81401566A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0050552A1 (fr
Inventor
Michel Georges Pierre Matesco
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eyquem Dite Ste
Original Assignee
Eyquem Dite Ste
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eyquem Dite Ste filed Critical Eyquem Dite Ste
Priority to US06/320,799 priority Critical patent/US4527260A/en
Publication of EP0050552A1 publication Critical patent/EP0050552A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0050552B1 publication Critical patent/EP0050552B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/02—Details
    • H01T13/08—Mounting, fixing or sealing of sparking plugs, e.g. in combustion chamber
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/02—Details
    • H01T13/16—Means for dissipating heat
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
    • H01T13/32—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation characterised by features of the earthed electrode

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to spark plugs for spark ignition internal combustion engines according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Spark plugs currently used include a threaded base by means of which the plug is screwed into a hole in the cylinder head of an engine, a ceramic body fixed on the base and inside which is disposed a central electrode. isolated from the base, and a ground electrode which is attached to the base, the central electrode being connected to a terminal or opposite external terminal screw used to make the external connection.
  • the service life of spark plugs currently used is mainly limited by the degradation and fouling of the electrodes and the insulator spout, and this degradation has been found, which in most chamber configurations combustion conditions, mainly affects the mass electrode, is linked to various factors such as temperature, valve arrangement, fuel composition, engine setting and others while fouling occurs mainly at low engine speeds. engine and low temperature.
  • the temperature of the central electrode and of the spout of the insulation is insufficient to cause pyrolysis of carbonaceous deposits, the accumulation of which leads to misfires and consequently a faulty engine operation.
  • pre-ignition the well-known phenomenon of early ignition known as "pre-ignition" which is destructive to the engine.
  • Such a type of candle is described for example in application FR-A-2 325 217.
  • the invention proposes to remedy these various drawbacks by producing a spark plug in which the nozzle of the insulator of the central electrode is kept in the appropriate temperature range and the temperature of the ground electrode is notably lowered in service. and exhibiting excellent self- cleaning by pyrolysis, while allowing inexpensive manufacturing.
  • the subject of the invention is therefore a spark plug for spark ignition internal combustion engine as characterized in the claims.
  • spark plug of the prior art which comprises a body 1 having a threaded base 2 screwed into the cylinder head 3 of an engine conventionally cooled by means 4 of water circulation.
  • An insulating body 5 surrounds the central electrode and fixes it in the body 1. The end of the central electrode projects from the end 8 of the spout 7 of the insulator 5.
  • a ground electrode 9 is fixed on the edge of the base 2 and extends radially in front of the end 6 of the central electrode in a known manner.
  • the base 2 has internally a shoulder 10 for centering and holding the insulating body 5.
  • the end 8 of the spout 7 extends, axially, slightly behind the edge of the base 2.
  • the maximum temperature of the cooling water being 100 ° C.
  • the temperature of the part of the cylinder head in contact with the base is approximately 200 ° C.
  • the active part of the spark plug constituted by the end 8 of the spout 7 of the insulator, the end 6 of the central electrode and the ground electrode, has a temperature of the order of 800 at full speed. at 850 ° C.
  • This dissipation is so effective that the nozzle of the insulation has a relatively low temperature at low engine operating speeds and well below 500 ° C at idle.
  • Fig. 2 is a view similar to that of FIG. 1 showing a candle of another known type which differs from the candle described above in that the spout 7 of the insulator extends axially beyond the edge of the base 2, so that part of its end 8 projects into the combustion chamber, where it is thus exposed to the flame front of the combustion.
  • the heat from the main part of the spout 7 located inside the base 2 is removed, as in the previous example partly by conduction with the body 1 and for a weaker part by radiation as indicated by the arrows in the base 2.
  • the active part that is to say the end 8 of the spout and that of the central electrode 6 do not clog, being maintained at a very high temperature by combustion, which burns deposits.
  • This type of spark plug offers poor corrosion resistance properties.
  • Fig. 3 shows a candle according to the invention which comprises means for dissipating both the heat from the nozzle of the insulator and from the end 6 of the electrode over the entire length of the latter by radiation, as well as the heat of the ground electrode, by conduction, while the end 8 of the spout of the insulator and that 6 of the central electrode are partially exposed to the flame front of the combustion chamber, projecting therein.
  • These means consist of a massive appendage 12 which is integral with the edge of the base 2 and extends the latter by extending axially at least to the level of the end 6 of the central electrode, constituting both a massive cold support for the ground electrode 9 and a cold wall partially surrounding the central electrode and the spout of the insulator.
  • the appendix to the solid support 12 extends axially from an arc of the periphery of the edge of the end of the base 2, which is between 60 and 120 degrees and is preferably equal to a quarter of the circumference .
  • the ground electrode 9 consisting of a small rod made of conventional nickel alloy used for the ground electrodes of the spark plugs is fixed by one end on the inner face of the support 12 near the end of the center electrode 4 to a desired distance therefrom, about 6 / io mm.
  • the support 12 may have either come in one piece with the edge of the base during manufacture, by machining, cold stamping or other suitable technique, or be formed separately and fixed to the edge of the base, for example by welding.
  • the support 12 is in operation at about the same temperature as the base, so that its mass and that of the cold base act like a heat sink for the mass electrode which it door whose volume is reduced compared to that of the ground electrode of a conventional candle thanks to this arrangement.
  • the support 12 constitutes at the same time a cold wall which extends opposite the nozzle of the insulator and the central electrode over a sufficient part of their periphery to absorb and dissipate the calories emitted by radiation by the nozzle and the electrode.
  • the support 12 has two side edges 13 which are approximately vertical and perpendicular to the end edge of the base 2.
  • the support 12 has two lateral edges 14 inclined so that in this embodiment this support 12 has in elevation the shape of an isosceles trapezoid as shown in FIG. 7.
  • the ground electrode 9 does not extend beyond the end of the support 12 in the axial direction, the location of its fixing being indicated in broken lines .
  • the mass of the electrode 9 is much less than that of the support 12 and consequently the latter constitutes a good heat sink making it possible to lower the temperature of the mass electrode in service.
  • the Applicant has found that the spark plugs as described above do not disturb the mixture in the combustion chamber and that their electrodes are well exposed to the flame front and consequently are well cleaned by pyrolysis. In addition, the temperature of the active parts is kept within the optimum range.
  • the latter can be pierced with a hole 40 which passes through it, just below the electrode 9, as shown in Fig. 7, allowing even better sweeping of the end 6 of the central electrode by the flames, without hampering the transfer of calories by radiation, this radiation occurring mainly at the level of the nozzle of the insulator.
  • the invention allows not only a lowering of the temperature of the electrodes in service, but also self-cleaning properties by pyrolysis with a minimum of manufacturing costs, thus achieving a candle whose life is very clearly extended compared to conventional candles.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Spark Plugs (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
EP81401566A 1980-10-17 1981-10-09 Bougie d'allumage par étincelles perfectionnée Expired EP0050552B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US06/320,799 US4527260A (en) 1981-10-09 1981-11-12 Method for seismic exploration by vertical seismic profiling and installation for its implementation

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8022227A FR2492601A1 (fr) 1980-10-17 1980-10-17 Bougie d'allumage par etincelles perfectionnee
FR8022227 1980-10-17

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0050552A1 EP0050552A1 (fr) 1982-04-28
EP0050552B1 true EP0050552B1 (fr) 1985-05-02

Family

ID=9247017

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81401566A Expired EP0050552B1 (fr) 1980-10-17 1981-10-09 Bougie d'allumage par étincelles perfectionnée

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4540912A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
EP (1) EP0050552B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5798992A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE3170317D1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES260801Y (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2492601A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH09330782A (ja) * 1996-06-07 1997-12-22 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd スパークプラグ
RU2168057C2 (ru) * 1999-05-05 2001-05-27 Семенов Борис Петрович Способ подготовки двигателя с искровым зажиганием к работе на обедненной рабочей смеси и свеча зажигания для его реализации
DE10129040A1 (de) * 2001-06-15 2003-01-02 Bosch Gmbh Robert Zündkerze
GB2391264B (en) * 2002-07-31 2005-11-30 Federal Mogul Ignition Spark plug
DE102004012927A1 (de) * 2004-03-17 2005-10-06 Robert Bosch Gmbh Zündkerze
JPWO2008102842A1 (ja) * 2007-02-23 2010-05-27 日本特殊陶業株式会社 スパークプラグ、及びスパークプラグを備えた内燃機関
JP4746689B2 (ja) * 2009-06-22 2011-08-10 日本特殊陶業株式会社 スパークプラグ及びその製造方法
DE102012009506A1 (de) * 2011-05-27 2012-11-29 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Zylinder eines Verbrennungsmotors für ein Fahrzeug sowie entsprechendes Herstellungsverfahren, Mittel zur Herstellung des Zylinders, Zündkerze, Verbrennungsmotor und Fahrzeug
JP5599840B2 (ja) 2012-04-27 2014-10-01 日本特殊陶業株式会社 スパークプラグ、スパークプラグの製造方法
US8823251B2 (en) * 2012-07-06 2014-09-02 Denso International America, Inc. Partial shroud of spark plug for ground electrode heat dispersion
WO2016019369A1 (en) * 2014-08-01 2016-02-04 Sturm, Ruger & Company, Inc. Barrel extension for firearm
US10283940B1 (en) 2018-03-27 2019-05-07 Denso International America, Inc. Dielectric ground strap for spark improvement

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1441444A (en) * 1919-01-20 1923-01-09 Mitchell Parker Spark plug
GB161327A (en) * 1920-01-20 1921-04-14 Robert Frederick Hall Improvements in sparking plugs
US2106449A (en) * 1934-09-12 1938-01-25 Charles R Boyd Spark plug
US2080495A (en) * 1935-06-22 1937-05-18 Dean D Francis Spark plug cooling device
US2069320A (en) * 1935-07-17 1937-02-02 Dean D Francis Spark plug
US2296033A (en) * 1941-01-18 1942-09-15 Gen Motors Corp Spark plug
US3317774A (en) * 1965-03-02 1967-05-02 Instant Secretary Service Inc Self-cleansing spark plug with gas flow directing means
JPS535629B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1973-01-12 1978-03-01
US4109633A (en) * 1975-09-16 1978-08-29 New Cosmos Electric Company Limited Spark-plug for automobile internal combustion engine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4540912A (en) 1985-09-10
FR2492601A1 (fr) 1982-04-23
JPS5798992A (en) 1982-06-19
ES260801Y (es) 1982-11-16
FR2492601B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1983-07-22
EP0050552A1 (fr) 1982-04-28
DE3170317D1 (en) 1985-06-05
ES260801U (es) 1982-05-01

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