EP0048383B1 - Press for manufacturing ligatured bales of waste materials - Google Patents

Press for manufacturing ligatured bales of waste materials Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0048383B1
EP0048383B1 EP81107040A EP81107040A EP0048383B1 EP 0048383 B1 EP0048383 B1 EP 0048383B1 EP 81107040 A EP81107040 A EP 81107040A EP 81107040 A EP81107040 A EP 81107040A EP 0048383 B1 EP0048383 B1 EP 0048383B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
press
ram
pressing
shaft
blades
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81107040A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0048383A3 (en
EP0048383A2 (en
Inventor
Hermann Schwelling
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0048383A2 publication Critical patent/EP0048383A2/en
Publication of EP0048383A3 publication Critical patent/EP0048383A3/en
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Publication of EP0048383B1 publication Critical patent/EP0048383B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
    • B30B15/08—Accessory tools, e.g. knives; Mountings therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/30—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for baling; Compression boxes therefor
    • B30B9/3003—Details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B27/00—Bundling particular articles presenting special problems using string, wire, or narrow tape or band; Baling fibrous material, e.g. peat, not otherwise provided for
    • B65B27/12—Baling or bundling compressible fibrous material, e.g. peat

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a shearing device in presses for producing bound bales from waste materials.
  • a cutting device assigned to the piston of a waste press is no longer new, but is already known, for example, from DE-A-1 924 389, in that a sawtooth-like knife is attached to the press piston, in a parallel arrangement, also transverse to the working direction lying, smooth counter knife runs. The cut is always made over the full width of the shaft at the same time, which requires a high drive power.
  • the knife of the press ram formed from several parts with inclined intermediate grooves includes an acute angle with the arrow-shaped, fixed counter knife, but the free legs of this angle diverge on both sides in the direction of the press shaft walls.
  • the press known from DE-A-2745864 with the slight difference, however, that in this embodiment the material to be pressed is precompacted more towards the center of the knife than in the lateral zones of the press shaft, and the required cutting force is therefore greater.
  • multi-point counter knives on the press shaft are known, which interact with also multi-point knives on the respective ram and thus, like the systems described above, only engage simultaneously over the full shaft width reach.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to create a combination of a new knife shape on the press piston with a known shape on the press shaft in order to achieve a new and improved cutting action compared to the known prior art.
  • the press of the type shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 consists of the press shaft 1 with a press ram 2, which is reversibly driven back and forth via a hydraulically actuated drive rod 28, and the rear ram extension or lugs 2a serving for guiding.
  • the press drive 29 on the end face 1a of the press shaft 1 and the slide or roller guides of the push rod 2 and push rod attachments 2a on the lower and upper guide strips 5 and 22 are not shown in any more detail since the general prior art is connected to the press shaft 1
  • the actual press channel 3, the cross section of which can be changed continuously from the end face 3a via handwheel-operated adjusting spindles 6 to the press channel end 3b and can thus be reduced more or less depending on the material pressed in each case in order to generate the necessary counter pressure.
  • the press functionally breaks down into three main sections, namely the filling space "a " , the so-called pre-compressor or buffer zone “b " , the bottom and / or walls of which may also have known retaining claws 7, such as the front section "c" of the press channel 3 .
  • the effect of such a cutting and counter knife design is also that, at the beginning of each cutting or pressing stroke, the material to be cut is pressed against the serrated or sawtooth-like counter knife 4 and is held or prevented by it, laterally and thus in Dodge direction on the press channel walls.
  • the material separation is inevitably carried out as a so-called tear cut, the arrow-shaped tip of the knife parts 8b, “tip against tip” located on the plunger 2, prestressing the paper material, as a result of which it tears better and more easily and requires less drive energy.
  • the conical widening of the slots 9 between the knives 8a and 8b, starting from the cutting edge 8 'and towards the knife recesses 9' means that waste materials which may penetrate under the cutting pressure do not get stuck or jam under them, but through the conical widening and the recesses 9 'can drop down freely.
  • the cutting edge thus always remains smooth and free.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich nach dem Oberbegriff des Hauptanspruchs auf eine Abschervorrichtung bei Pressen zum Herstellen abgebundener Ballen aus Abfallmaterialien.According to the preamble of the main claim, the invention relates to a shearing device in presses for producing bound bales from waste materials.

Eine dem Kolben einer Abfallpresse zugeordnete Schneideinrichtung ist vom Prinzip her nicht mehr neu, sondern beispielsweise bereits aus der DE-A-1 924 389 dahingehend bekannt, dass dort am Presskolben ein sägezahnartiges Messer angebracht ist, dass in einer parallelen Anordnung zum ebenfalls quer zur Arbeitsrichtung liegenden, glatten Gegenmesser verläuft. Der Schnitt erfolgt hierbei also stets auf der vollen Schachtbreite gleichzeitig, was eine grosse Antriebsleistung beansprucht. Bei der DE-A-2446953 weiterhin bekannten Ausführung schliesst das aus mehreren Teilen mit schräg verlaufenden Zwischennuten gebildete Messer des Pressenstössels zwar mit dem pfeilförmig gestalteten, festen Gegenmesser einen spitzen Winkel ein, jedoch divergieren die freien Schenkel dieses Winkels beidseitig in Richtung der Pressschachtwände. Funktionell hat dies den Nachteil, dass das zu schneidende Gut unter der Schneidkraft stets in Richtung der Pressschachtseitenwandungen ausweichen wird - zumal es vom glatten, pfeilförmigen Gegenmesser nicht gehalten werden kann, ja sogar seitlich abgeleitet wird - und der Schnitt ebenfalls, wenn alles zusammengerutscht ist, auf der vollen Messerbreite gleichzeitig stattfindet, also mit einem grossen Bedarf an Antriebskraft. Gleiches gilt auch für die aus der DE-A-2745864 bekannte Presse mit dem kleinen Unterschied allerdings, dass bei dieser Ausführung das Pressgut zur Messermitte hin stärker als in den seitlichen Zonen des Pressschachtes vorverdichtet und die erforderliche Schneidkraft somit grösser wird. Letzlich sind aus der FR-A-1 421 327 und der CA-A-949 382 vielzackige Gegenmesser am Pressschacht bekannt, die mit ebenfalls vielzackigen Messern am jeweiligen Stössel zusammenwirken und somit ähnlich wie die zuvorbeschriebenen Systeme auch nur über die volle Schachtbreite gleichzeitig in Eingriff gelangen.In principle, a cutting device assigned to the piston of a waste press is no longer new, but is already known, for example, from DE-A-1 924 389, in that a sawtooth-like knife is attached to the press piston, in a parallel arrangement, also transverse to the working direction lying, smooth counter knife runs. The cut is always made over the full width of the shaft at the same time, which requires a high drive power. In DE-A-2446953, which is also known, the knife of the press ram formed from several parts with inclined intermediate grooves includes an acute angle with the arrow-shaped, fixed counter knife, but the free legs of this angle diverge on both sides in the direction of the press shaft walls. Functionally, this has the disadvantage that the material to be cut will always deflect under the cutting force in the direction of the side walls of the press shaft - especially since it cannot be held by the smooth, arrow-shaped counter knife, and even is diverted laterally - and the cut, too, when everything has slipped together takes place simultaneously over the full knife width, i.e. with a high need for driving force. The same also applies to the press known from DE-A-2745864, with the slight difference, however, that in this embodiment the material to be pressed is precompacted more towards the center of the knife than in the lateral zones of the press shaft, and the required cutting force is therefore greater. Ultimately, from FR-A-1 421 327 and CA-A-949 382, multi-point counter knives on the press shaft are known, which interact with also multi-point knives on the respective ram and thus, like the systems described above, only engage simultaneously over the full shaft width reach.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist daher die Schaffung einer Kombination aus einer neuen Messerform am Presskolben mit einer bekannten Form am Pressschacht zur Erzielung einer neuen und gegenüber dem bekannten Stand der Technik verbesserten Schneidwirkung.The object of the present invention is therefore to create a combination of a new knife shape on the press piston with a known shape on the press shaft in order to achieve a new and improved cutting action compared to the known prior art.

Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe durch die im Hauptanspruch angegebene Merkmalskombination, die in den Zeichnungen als Ausführungsbeispiel weitestgehend schematisch dargestellt und im folgenden näher erläutert ist. Es zeigt:

  • Fig. 1, die Seitenansicht einer erfindungsgemässen Presse,
  • Fig. 2, ebenfalls eine Seitenansicht wie Fig. 1, jedoch teilweise im Längsschnitt,
  • Fig. 3, eine Draufsicht zu Fig. 2.
This object is achieved by the combination of features specified in the main claim, which is shown largely schematically in the drawings as an exemplary embodiment and is explained in more detail below. It shows:
  • 1, the side view of a press according to the invention,
  • 2, also a side view like FIG. 1, but partially in longitudinal section,
  • 3, a top view of FIG. 2nd

Die in den Fig. 1 bis 3 dargestellte Presse liegender Bauart besteht aus dem Pressschacht 1 mit darin über eine hydraulisch betätigte Antriebsstange 28 reversierend hin und hergehend angetriebenem Pressenstössel 2 sowie den der Führung dienenden, rückwärtigen Stösselverlängerung bzw. Ansätzen 2a. Nicht näher dargestellt, da allgemeiner Stand der Technik, sind der Pressenantrieb 29 an der Stirnseite 1a des Pressschachtes 1 sowie die Gleit- bzw. Rollenführungen von Stössei 2 und Stösselansätzen 2a an den unteren sowie oberen Führungsleisten 5 bzw. 22. An den Pressschacht 1 schliesst nun in ebenfalls bekannter Weise der eigentliche Presskanal 3 an, dessen Querschnitt von der Stirnseite 3a aus über handradbetätigte Stellspindeln 6 zum Presskanalende 3b hin stetig veränderbar ist und somit in Abhängigkeit des jeweils verpressten Materials mehr oder weniger zur Erzeugung des notwendigen Gegendrucks verkleinert werden kann. Im Grundaufbau zerfällt die Presse funktionsmässig damit in drei Hauptabschnitte, nämlich den Einfüllraum «a", die sogenannte Vorverdichter oder Pufferzone «b", deren Boden und/oder Wandungen ebenso bekannte Rückhaltekrallen 7 aufweisen können, wie der vordere Teilbereich «c» des Presskanals 3.The press of the type shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 consists of the press shaft 1 with a press ram 2, which is reversibly driven back and forth via a hydraulically actuated drive rod 28, and the rear ram extension or lugs 2a serving for guiding. The press drive 29 on the end face 1a of the press shaft 1 and the slide or roller guides of the push rod 2 and push rod attachments 2a on the lower and upper guide strips 5 and 22 are not shown in any more detail since the general prior art is connected to the press shaft 1 Now also in a known manner, the actual press channel 3, the cross section of which can be changed continuously from the end face 3a via handwheel-operated adjusting spindles 6 to the press channel end 3b and can thus be reduced more or less depending on the material pressed in each case in order to generate the necessary counter pressure. In terms of its basic structure, the press functionally breaks down into three main sections, namely the filling space "a " , the so-called pre-compressor or buffer zone "b " , the bottom and / or walls of which may also have known retaining claws 7, such as the front section "c" of the press channel 3 .

Erfindungsgemäss ist nunmehr bei einer solchen Presse vorgesehen, an sich bekannte Schermesser in Form von auswechselbaren Teilabschnitten 8a und 8b auf Halterungen 8" an der vorderen Stösseloberkante anzuordnen und entsprechende, sägezahnartig gezackte Gegenschneiden 4 auf Halterungen 4' am Übergang vom Einfülltrichter 27 zum Vorverdichterraum «b". Der Schneidvorgang erfolgt somit zeitlich vor dem Pressvorgang, d. h. erst nachdem das Abscheren beendet ist und der Kolben 2 die sogenannte Pufferzone «b" durchläuft, findet eine Vorverdichtung der Materialien aus dem Einfüllschacht, sowie das Einpressen derselben in den konischen Pressschacht 3 statt; die Konizität des letzteren und somit der Gegendruck, werden bekanntlich über die Handräder 6 eingestellt.According to the invention, it is now provided in such a press to arrange known shear knives in the form of interchangeable sections 8a and 8b on brackets 8 "on the front ram upper edge and corresponding sawtooth-like serrated counter-cutting edges 4 on brackets 4 'at the transition from the filling hopper 27 to the pre-compression chamber" b " . The cutting process thus takes place before the pressing process, ie only after the shearing is finished and the piston 2 passes through the so-called buffer zone “b ” , the materials are pre-compressed from the filling shaft and pressed into the conical pressing shaft 3; the conicity the latter and thus the back pressure are known to be set via the handwheels 6.

Die Wirkung einer solchen Schneid- und Gegenmessergestaltung ist zudem die, dass bereits zu Beginn eines jeden Schnitt- bzw. Presshubes das zu schneidende Material gegen die zacken- oder sägezahnartigen Gegenmesser 4 gepresst und von diesen gehalten bzw. daran gehindert wird, seitlich und somit in Richtung auf die Presskanalwände auszuweichen. Die Materialtrenning erfolgt bei der erfindungsgemässen Ausführung also zwangsläufig als sogenannter Reissschnitt, wobei die pfeilförmige Spitze der am Presskolben 2 sitzenden Messerteile 8b, «Spitze gegen Spitze" das Papiermaterial vorspannt, wodurch es besser und leichter reisst und weniger Antriebsenergie benötigt. Der obere Schneidkantenverlauf 8' kann zudem bei extrem breiten Schachtausführungen zwei nebeneinander liegende, aus also insgesamt vier Teilen 8b gebildete Spitzen aufweisen; auch sollten diese Kanten 8' von oben nach unten - in seitlicher Projektion - zur Bildung eines Freiwinkels zum Stössel 2 hin geneigt verlaufen. Im übrigen wird nach einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung beim Stösselverlauf das Nachrutschen von Abfallmaterial in den Pressenschacht 1 und somit das Verstopfen desselben verhindert durch eine fest am Stösselkörper 2a sitzende Stösselabdeckplatte 20, deren Seiten 20a auf Kunststoffleisten o.ä. Materialauflagen auf den oberen Führungsleisten 22 gleiten und den Einfüllschacht 27 bodenseitig selbst dann noch verschliessen, wenn der Stössel 2, 2a in seiner vordersten Pressstellung steht.The effect of such a cutting and counter knife design is also that, at the beginning of each cutting or pressing stroke, the material to be cut is pressed against the serrated or sawtooth-like counter knife 4 and is held or prevented by it, laterally and thus in Dodge direction on the press channel walls. In the embodiment according to the invention, the material separation is inevitably carried out as a so-called tear cut, the arrow-shaped tip of the knife parts 8b, “tip against tip” located on the plunger 2, prestressing the paper material, as a result of which it tears better and more easily and requires less drive energy. In addition, in the case of extremely wide shaft designs, it can have two points lying next to one another, that is to say formed from a total of four parts 8b, and these edges 8 'should also be inclined from top to bottom - in a lateral projection - to form a clearance angle toward the plunger 2. a further feature of the invention in the course of the ram the slipping of waste material into the press shaft 1 and thus the blockage of the same is prevented by a plunger cover plate 20 which is firmly seated on the plunger body 2a, the sides 20a of which on plastic strips or the like. Slide material supports on the upper guide strips 22 and close the bottom of the filling shaft 27 even when the plunger 2, 2a is in its foremost pressing position.

Im übrigen bewirkt die konische Erweiterung der Schlitze 9 zwischen den Messern 8a und 8b, ausgehend von der Schneidkante 8', und hin zu den Messeraussparungen 9', dass sich in diesen Spalten, unter dem Schneiddruck eventuell eindringende Abfallstoffe nicht festsetzen oder verklemmen, sondern durch die konische Erweiterung sowie die Aussparungen 9' ungehindert nach unten ausfallen können. Die Schneidkante bleibt somit stets glatt und frei.Otherwise, the conical widening of the slots 9 between the knives 8a and 8b, starting from the cutting edge 8 'and towards the knife recesses 9', means that waste materials which may penetrate under the cutting pressure do not get stuck or jam under them, but through the conical widening and the recesses 9 'can drop down freely. The cutting edge thus always remains smooth and free.

Claims (2)

1. A press for the production of bound bales of waste materials, comprising a press ram (2) that can be moved backwards and forewards in a horizontal press shaft (1), a filling hopper (27) mounted on the top of the press shaft and a cut-off mechanism comprising blades set at an angle to one another, the one (4) fixed to the top of the press shaft and the other comprising blade elements (8a, 8b), that are divided in the direction of pressing and that move back and fore with the press ram (2) to which they are fixed,
characterized by a combination of the following features,
a. The cutting edges (8') of the two center cutting blade parts (8b) forming an arrowhead, pointing in the direction of pressing, that advances ahead of the cutting edges (8') of the two outer cutting blades (8a)
b. The gaps (9) between the separate blades (8a and 8b) widening outwards to the rear from the blade edges (8') to form the openings (9') that correspond with the grooves (10) in the front face of the press ram.
c. The counter blades (4) on the housing being of essentially conventional saw-tooth form.
2. A press in accordance with Claim 1, characterized by, the press ram (2) having mounted on top of it, a plate (20) that extends beyond the ram in the direction opposite to the direction of pressing and by the sides of the said plate (20) that extend in the direction of pressing resting on plastic strips (21) or similar slide elements on the upper guide rails (22) of the press ram (2) in the press shaft (1).
EP81107040A 1980-09-19 1981-09-08 Press for manufacturing ligatured bales of waste materials Expired EP0048383B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19803035464 DE3035464A1 (en) 1980-09-19 1980-09-19 PRESS FOR PACKAGING WASTE MATERIALS
DE3035464 1980-09-19

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0048383A2 EP0048383A2 (en) 1982-03-31
EP0048383A3 EP0048383A3 (en) 1983-02-09
EP0048383B1 true EP0048383B1 (en) 1986-07-16

Family

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Family Applications (1)

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EP81107040A Expired EP0048383B1 (en) 1980-09-19 1981-09-08 Press for manufacturing ligatured bales of waste materials

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EP (1) EP0048383B1 (en)
DE (2) DE3035464A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4445633A1 (en) * 1993-12-31 1995-07-06 Hermann Schwelling Baling press with edge cutting ejection device

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3328588A1 (en) * 1983-08-08 1985-02-28 Hermann 7777 Salem Schwelling CHANNEL PRESS
DE4241127A1 (en) * 1992-12-07 1994-06-09 Hansa Projekt Anlagentechnik G Power press for compression of radioactive waste prior to disposal - having arrangement of cutters for sepn. of wooden frame from main radioactive waste
DE4344607A1 (en) * 1993-12-24 1995-06-29 Klaus Rudolph Bale press for paper etc.
DE102005019440A1 (en) * 2005-04-25 2006-10-26 Schwelling, Hermann Channel press for producing balls of waste material, especially paper, cardboard, plastic, foil and fibers comprises a horizontal pressing channel, a pressing stamp and a pressing box arranged in the pressing direction
WO2012027484A1 (en) 2010-08-24 2012-03-01 Cnh America Llc Bale wrapping system and method for a plant material compactor
CN109366572A (en) * 2018-11-28 2019-02-22 河南晨吉源智能设备有限公司 A kind of moxa stick cuts column machine automatically

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DE525349C (en) 1930-04-09 1931-05-22 Welger Maschinenfabrik Geb Cutting device for straw presses
US3220337A (en) * 1963-01-29 1965-11-30 Signode Corp Bundle strapping means
DE1276541B (en) * 1963-12-12 1968-08-29 Adolf Vogt Horizontal baler with device for manual tying of bales
FR1421327A (en) * 1964-06-26 1965-12-17 Mibis Merkantila Ingenjorsbyra Press for compressing screening rejects and similar wet wastes
US3518078A (en) * 1966-11-14 1970-06-30 Julius L Chazen Portable auto preparator
US3541949A (en) * 1968-05-09 1970-11-24 Auto Pak Co Apparatus for compacting material into drums or bags
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DE2111894C3 (en) 1971-03-12 1980-07-10 Persoener Ab, Ystad (Schweden) Device for tying bales with a baling channel and a plunger which can be pushed back and forth in the baling channel
US3802337A (en) * 1971-10-06 1974-04-09 Gen Compactor Of Quebec Ltd Refuse compactor
CA949382A (en) * 1971-10-12 1974-06-18 General Compactor Of Quebec Ltd. Refuse compactor
CH561625A5 (en) 1972-11-27 1975-05-15 Rieter Ag Maschf
DE2317632B2 (en) * 1973-04-07 1977-04-07 Lindemann Maschinenfabrik GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf BALING PRESS FOR NON-METALLIC WASTE MATERIAL
DE2446953A1 (en) * 1974-10-02 1976-04-08 Lindemann Maschfab Gmbh Duct press for making bales - has press die in duct to shape non-metallic material into tied bundles
DE2656457C3 (en) * 1976-12-14 1981-04-16 Lindemann Maschinenfabrik GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf Baler
DE2709248C2 (en) 1977-03-03 1984-10-25 Lindemann Maschinenfabrik GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf Method and device for tying bales
DE2713412C2 (en) 1977-03-26 1983-02-24 Lindemann Maschinenfabrik GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf Device for tying bales in a baling press
DE2745864A1 (en) * 1977-10-12 1979-04-19 Lindemann Maschfab Gmbh Baling press for non metallic material - has shear blades acting over areas wider than tie wire grooves
DE3007903A1 (en) 1980-03-01 1981-11-12 Hermann 7777 Salem Schwelling DISPLAY AND SAFETY DEVICE FOR WASTE PESSES

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4445633A1 (en) * 1993-12-31 1995-07-06 Hermann Schwelling Baling press with edge cutting ejection device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3174934D1 (en) 1986-08-21
EP0048383A3 (en) 1983-02-09
DE3035464A1 (en) 1982-04-08
EP0048383A2 (en) 1982-03-31

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