EP0046721B1 - Buse pour lance d'injection d'oxygène pour la décarburation des fontes et application à la décarburation des fontes au chrome - Google Patents
Buse pour lance d'injection d'oxygène pour la décarburation des fontes et application à la décarburation des fontes au chrome Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0046721B1 EP0046721B1 EP81420127A EP81420127A EP0046721B1 EP 0046721 B1 EP0046721 B1 EP 0046721B1 EP 81420127 A EP81420127 A EP 81420127A EP 81420127 A EP81420127 A EP 81420127A EP 0046721 B1 EP0046721 B1 EP 0046721B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- nozzle
- oxygen
- pig iron
- iron
- angle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title description 5
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 235000000396 iron Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 40
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 abstract description 24
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 23
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 19
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 4
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013365 dairy product Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007792 gaseous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010517 secondary reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
- C21C5/46—Details or accessories
- C21C5/48—Bottoms or tuyéres of converters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
- C21C5/46—Details or accessories
- C21C5/4606—Lances or injectors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/005—Manufacture of stainless steel
Definitions
- the nozzle which is the subject of the invention relates in the most general way to the decarburization of cast irons by means of lances disposed above the level of the liquid iron, which emit through a nozzle a jet of oxygen in the direction of the surface of this font.
- the invention relates more particularly to the characteristics of the oxygen jets from injection lances equipped with this new nozzle and the influence of these characteristics on the conditions of interaction between these oxygen jets and the liquid iron.
- This new nozzle applies in particular, but not limited to, the decarburization of chrome cast irons.
- the means which is the subject of the invention is a new nozzle for an oxygen injection lance with a supersonic jet, thanks to which it is possible to cause with much greater efficiency the formation of the gas / cast iron emulsion. liquid.
- This new nozzle according to the invention is characterized by a divergent which comprises, beyond the neck or throttling, a frustoconical part whose angle at the top is between 60 and 70 ° and, preferably, between 62 and 66 °, the angle of 65 ° being close to the optimum under the conditions of the tests.
- This frustoconical part can be extended by a surface of revolution around the same axis, the generator of which has a concavity turned inwards, so as to reduce the dispersion of the jet.
- the new nozzle according to the invention makes it possible to implement in a particularly effective manner the process for decarburizing chromium cast irons by a jet of supersonic oxygen which had been developed.
- This new nozzle also applies in a much more general way to the decarburization of cast irons of all types thanks to a particular efficiency for causing the emulsion of liquid cast iron by means of the gas phase, and, possibly also, the emulsion of liquid dairy.
- Fig. 1 shows a nozzle of known type for supersonic oxygen jet.
- Fig. 2 represents the variation of the thrust of the jet as a function of the angle at the top of the diverging point of a frustoconical nozzle.
- Fig. 3 shows a nozzle for a supersonic oxygen jet according to the invention.
- Fig. 4 shows the variation of the chromium yield as a function of the angle at the top of the frustoconical diverging portion of the nozzle.
- Fig. 5 shows the variation of the iron yield as a function of this same angle at the top.
- Fig. 6 shows a nozzle according to the invention with an improved profile.
- an oxygen lance comprising a nozzle, the throat or neck of which consisted of a cylindrical tubular zone of approximately 2 mm in diameter and 20 mm in length.
- the end of this zone bu bu Iaire on the outlet side was not extended by a divergent and the expansion of the oxygen jet was therefore absolutely not limited to the outlet of the constriction.
- the nozzle was covered with a layer of refractory oxides based on chromium oxide. This layer was deposited mainly during the period of formation and then maintenance of the gas / liquid iron emulsion.
- composition An analysis of such a layer had given for example as composition:
- this layer resulted essentially from the oxidation of the components of chromium cast iron, with the intervention of only a few percent of lime coming from the slag initially introduced - alumina and magnesia came from the lining. It was found that this deposit tended to surround the orifice of the nozzle and to form a more or less well-defined funnel around this orifice.
- Nozzles were then produced, the general shape of which is shown in FIG. 1. These nozzles have an inlet 1 connected to the oxygen supply pipe, then a cylindrical neck 2 of approximately 2 mm in diameter and 20 mm in length and, finally, a frustoconical diverging portion 3 whose angle at the top a1 is approximately 10 ° according to the teaching of the book "BOF Steelmaking" cited above.
- Fig. 2 gives the results of such tests in the case of a series of eight nozzles with the same characteristics as those of FIG. 1, except the angle of the divergent.
- Nozzle 1 did not have a divergent
- nozzles 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 had divergent frustoconical 4 mm high whose angles at the top were respectively 41, 53, 61, 65, 69, 77 and 100 °.
- nozzles for the decarburization of cast irons by supersonic oxygen jet comprising a frustoconical diverging whose angle at the top is between 60 and 70 ° and preferably between 62 and 66 °, the angle of 65 ° corresponding, to the accuracy of the measurements, to the minimum thrust, under the conditions of the test.
- Fig. 3 shows a nozzle according to the invention. It comprises an inlet 4 and a neck 5 whose characteristics are similar to those of the inlet 1 and the neck 2 of FIG. 1.
- the frustoconical divergent 6 has an apex angle a2 of 65 °. It has been found that it is possible, by means of such a nozzle, to bring about a completely reproducible emulsion of chromium cast irons by means of a jet of supersonic oxygen, according to the process defined by the tests. mentioned above. In addition, this emulsion, once formed, has great stability and is maintained until final decarburization of the cast iron, that is to say until a carbon content close to 0.2%.
- the six apex angle values thus produced are: 41, 53, 61, 65, 69 and 77 °.
- Each of these nozzles has a cylindrical neck 2 mm in diameter and 20 mm long and the height of the divergent truncated cone is in all cases 4 mm.
- a batch of homogeneous pig iron was prepared having the following composition: Cr 17%, C 6%, Si 0.3%, Mn 0.3%, S ⁇ 0.03%, P ⁇ 0.03%.
- the oxygen reacts mainly on the surface of the iron bath, preferably oxidizing Cr, Si and Fe: as the oxides formed which contain mainly Cr 2 0 3 accumulate at on the surface of the bath, a secondary reaction of reduction of these oxides by carbon begins.
- the speed of this reduction reaction increases gradually at the same time as the temperature rises to about 1650 ° C around the tenth minute.
- the CO formed is released during this time and burns, giving flames.
- the reaction rates are high, which allows decarburization to continue at a rapid rate, until a final carbon content of approximately 0.2% is reached. the twenty-ninth minute. The temperature is then around 1820 ° C. and the oxygen blowing is stopped.
- Figs. 4 and 5 make it possible to observe the variations in these yields as a function of the angle of the frustoconical diverging portion of the nozzle. It is very clearly seen that these yields go through a maximum for the nozzle which has an angle of 65 °. Although certain factors may slightly modify the optimal angle of the tapered diverging member according to the invention, it is, according to the tests carried out, between 62 and 66 ° in the field of the operating conditions which can be used.
- Fig. 6 shows a nozzle according to the invention thus improved.
- the part 10 which extends the frustoconical part 9 has a concavity facing the axis.
- the tangent to the generatrix of the latter merges with the generatrix of the truncated cone.
- the tangent to the generatrix of the concave part is almost parallel to the axis of the nozzle.
- the nozzle according to the invention can be made of various materials. It is often preferred to use copper. It is important to machine the interior surfaces properly and to give them a good surface finish to avoid catching particles of oxide or projected metal. In general, the nozzle is connected to a metal lance cooled by a suitable fluid.
- oxygen lances equipped with nozzles according to the invention for the decarburization of cast irons in basic converter by methods such as LD or by similar methods.
- the use of the nozzles according to the invention makes it possible to increase the efficiency and the speed of decarburization and also makes it possible to increase the iron yield.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
- Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
- Nozzles (AREA)
- Percussion Or Vibration Massage (AREA)
- Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Eyeglasses (AREA)
- Nitrogen Condensed Heterocyclic Rings (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
- Investigating And Analyzing Materials By Characteristic Methods (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
- Heterocyclic Compounds That Contain Two Or More Ring Oxygen Atoms (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT81420127T ATE8413T1 (de) | 1980-08-26 | 1981-08-25 | Einblasduese fuer sauerstofflanzen zum entkohlen von roheisen, insbesondere chromhaltigen roheisens. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8018846 | 1980-08-26 | ||
| FR8018846A FR2489368A1 (fr) | 1980-08-26 | 1980-08-26 | Nouvelle buse pour lance d'injection d'oxygene pour la decarburation des fontes et application a la decarburation des fontes au chrome |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0046721A1 EP0046721A1 (fr) | 1982-03-03 |
| EP0046721B1 true EP0046721B1 (fr) | 1984-07-11 |
Family
ID=9245528
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP81420127A Expired EP0046721B1 (fr) | 1980-08-26 | 1981-08-25 | Buse pour lance d'injection d'oxygène pour la décarburation des fontes et application à la décarburation des fontes au chrome |
Country Status (19)
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USH1624H (en) * | 1993-06-02 | 1997-01-07 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Stabilizer for submerged gaseous jets in liquids |
| US5782414A (en) * | 1995-06-26 | 1998-07-21 | Nathenson; Richard D. | Contoured supersonic nozzle |
| US5647201A (en) * | 1995-08-02 | 1997-07-15 | Trw Inc. | Cavitating venturi for low reynolds number flows |
| USD408830S (en) | 1997-03-20 | 1999-04-27 | Concept Engineering Group, Inc. | Pneumatic nozzle |
| AT408348B (de) * | 1999-12-20 | 2001-10-25 | Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum zuführen eines gases in ein metallurgisches gefäss |
| US7182279B2 (en) * | 2004-10-28 | 2007-02-27 | National Cheng Kung University | Atomizer for atomizing molten metal |
| ITMI20050241A1 (it) * | 2005-02-18 | 2006-08-19 | Techint Spa | Iniettore multifunzione e relativo procedimento di combustione per trattamento metallurgico in un forno ad arco elettrico |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2175160A (en) * | 1935-07-02 | 1939-10-03 | Linde Air Prod Co | Nozzle for cutting blowpipes |
| GB800833A (en) * | 1956-05-29 | 1958-09-03 | British Oxygen Co Ltd | Nozzles |
| FR1476043A (fr) * | 1966-03-30 | 1967-04-07 | Lance d'injection d'oxygène avec tubes dépassant à l'extérieur | |
| US3559974A (en) * | 1969-03-03 | 1971-02-02 | Berry Metal Co | Oxygen lances having a high resistance to deterioration and multipiece nozzle heads therefor |
| US3876190A (en) * | 1969-06-25 | 1975-04-08 | Commw Ind Gases | Method and apparatus for feeding particulate materials to furnaces and the like |
| IT997285B (it) * | 1973-08-08 | 1975-12-30 | Italsider Spa | Perfezionamenti agli ugelli per le teste di lancia per il soffiag gio dell ossigeno dall alto nei processi di affinazione |
| FR2474531B1 (fr) * | 1980-01-24 | 1986-08-14 | Ugine Gueugnon Sa | Procede de decarburation des fontes au chrome, pour l'elaboration d'aciers inoxydables, par jet d'oxygene supersonique |
-
1980
- 1980-08-26 FR FR8018846A patent/FR2489368A1/fr active Pending
-
1981
- 1981-08-14 US US06/292,818 patent/US4455166A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1981-08-24 IN IN941/CAL/81A patent/IN154747B/en unknown
- 1981-08-24 BR BR8105366A patent/BR8105366A/pt unknown
- 1981-08-25 ZW ZW205/81A patent/ZW20581A1/xx unknown
- 1981-08-25 SU SU813323296A patent/SU1199203A3/ru active
- 1981-08-25 ZA ZA815877A patent/ZA815877B/xx unknown
- 1981-08-25 KR KR1019810003101A patent/KR830006442A/ko not_active Abandoned
- 1981-08-25 EP EP81420127A patent/EP0046721B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1981-08-25 JP JP56132197A patent/JPS5952202B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1981-08-25 FI FI812612A patent/FI66432C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-08-25 TR TR21290A patent/TR21290A/xx unknown
- 1981-08-25 AT AT81420127T patent/ATE8413T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-08-25 YU YU02057/81A patent/YU205781A/xx unknown
- 1981-08-25 CA CA000384589A patent/CA1177642A/fr not_active Expired
- 1981-08-25 NO NO812881A patent/NO812881L/no unknown
- 1981-08-25 AU AU74491/81A patent/AU7449181A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1981-08-25 DE DE8181420127T patent/DE3164731D1/de not_active Expired
- 1981-08-25 ES ES1981268630U patent/ES268630Y/es not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU7449181A (en) | 1982-03-04 |
| FI812612L (fi) | 1982-02-27 |
| FI66432B (fi) | 1984-06-29 |
| ATE8413T1 (de) | 1984-07-15 |
| ES268630Y (es) | 1983-12-01 |
| YU205781A (en) | 1984-02-29 |
| CA1177642A (fr) | 1984-11-13 |
| FR2489368A1 (fr) | 1982-03-05 |
| ES268630U (es) | 1983-05-16 |
| US4455166A (en) | 1984-06-19 |
| JPS5773113A (en) | 1982-05-07 |
| BR8105366A (pt) | 1982-05-11 |
| IN154747B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1984-12-15 |
| DE3164731D1 (en) | 1984-08-16 |
| SU1199203A3 (ru) | 1985-12-15 |
| JPS5952202B2 (ja) | 1984-12-18 |
| ZW20581A1 (en) | 1981-12-09 |
| FI66432C (fi) | 1984-10-10 |
| ZA815877B (en) | 1982-08-25 |
| EP0046721A1 (fr) | 1982-03-03 |
| KR830006442A (ko) | 1983-09-24 |
| TR21290A (tr) | 1984-02-28 |
| NO812881L (no) | 1982-03-01 |
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