EP0045408B1 - Mit Abrasif versehenes flexibles Schleifband - Google Patents

Mit Abrasif versehenes flexibles Schleifband Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0045408B1
EP0045408B1 EP81105516A EP81105516A EP0045408B1 EP 0045408 B1 EP0045408 B1 EP 0045408B1 EP 81105516 A EP81105516 A EP 81105516A EP 81105516 A EP81105516 A EP 81105516A EP 0045408 B1 EP0045408 B1 EP 0045408B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
yarns
sheet material
arrays
coated abrasive
backing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81105516A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0045408A1 (de
EP0045408B2 (de
Inventor
Walter Augustus Yarbrough
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saint Gobain Abrasives Inc
Original Assignee
Norton Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Norton Co filed Critical Norton Co
Priority to AT81105516T priority Critical patent/ATE13267T1/de
Publication of EP0045408A1 publication Critical patent/EP0045408A1/de
Publication of EP0045408B1 publication Critical patent/EP0045408B1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0045408B2 publication Critical patent/EP0045408B2/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D11/00—Constructional features of flexible abrasive materials; Special features in the manufacture of such materials
    • B24D11/02—Backings, e.g. foils, webs, mesh fabrics

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to immediately useful abrasive products comprising a flexible backing on at least one side of which are adhered abrasive grits, such products being referred to in the art as coated abrasives; more particularly it relates to endless abrasive belts formed from such coated abrasive products.
  • Coated abrasives in general, have been made on backings ranging from paper, cloth, leather, to plastic films and metal sheets. Except for specialty items the greater majority of all coated abrasive products are made on paper or woven cloth backings.
  • Coated abrasives often subject to high stresses in operation, are made from strong paper backings, vulcanized fiber backings, or, for strength and flexibility, woven cloth backings. Laminates of various of these materials have also been used and taught in the patent literature.
  • Knuckles are the small bumps on the surface of woven cloth caused by yarns curving to cross over other yarns. The presence of such knuckles is believed to be responsible for the catastrophic failure of coated abrasive articles, particularly belts, in certain severe grinding operations.
  • U.S. Patent 3,146,560 shows an abrasive article in which six glass fiber strands are immersed in a resin bath and the resulting mass passed through a discharge slot. Abrasive particles are then pressed into the resulted reinforced plastic web.
  • the six strands are described as being "substantially in parallelism" (col. 8, lines 48-90). There is only one array of such strands.
  • a flexible coated adhesive sheet material having abrasive grains adhesively bonded to at least one side of a backing comprising at least two arrays, each of said arrays being of non-interlaced substantially coplanar and coparallel reinforcing textile yarns, said arrays being oriented in at least two respective distinct directions in the plane of the backing, most of the tensile strength of the coated abrasive sheet material along each of said at least two directions being furnished by the yarns of all the arrays of non-interlaced substantially coplanar and coparallel yarns oriented in said direction.
  • an array of yarns is substantially coplanar if all the yarns of the array can be accommodated in the space between two parallel planes which are separated by a distance of four times the average diameter of the yarns in the array.
  • An array is substantially coparallel if the largest angular difference in direction between any two yarns in the array is no more than thirty degrees.
  • a major advantage of the non-interlaced fabrics when employed as substrates for coated abrasive is the fact that such fabrics can be produced at much higher rates of speed than can conventional woven textiles, thus increasing the productivity and lowering the cost of manufacture.
  • the steps of sizing the yarn, back filling or sizing, saturating, front sizing, applying a maker coat, applying abrasive, and finally applying a "sand" size coat may or be used in coated abrasive production from the Malimo type, or stitch bonded fabrics.
  • Adhesive bonded fabrics may be produced in a similar manner as the stitch bonded, but with an application of suitable adhesive, at the point in the manufacture where otherwise the third yarn would be used to stitch bond the warp and crossing threads together.
  • thermally bonded fabrics may be produced by applying heat at the points of junction of the warp and cross threads to fuse or soften the yarns or a coating previously applied to the yarns.
  • tissue sheeting between the warp and fill yarns, to aid in preventing the back-fill treatment from penetrating too far into the cloth. This can be done in the Malimo machine during the manufacture of the backing.
  • the present invention is particularly suitable for producing coated abrasive stock suitable for forming coated abrasive belts.
  • the ability to control the longitudinal strength and stretch properties of the material are important in this regard. While the total strength of a woven fabric in the warp direction cannot always be predicted by summing the strengths of the individual warp yarns and the strength properties can almost never be predicted from the stretch of the individual yarns, both these properties can be more readily controlled and predicted in the fabric designs employed in the present invention.
  • any tendency of coated abrasive belts to split when subject to stresses in use due to the effect of the interlaced filling (weft) yarns is eliminated by the use of the non-interlaced backing construction disclosed herein.
  • non-interlaced backing I mean a backing reinforced with non-interlaced arrays of substantially coplanar and coparallel yarns as described above.
  • finishing materials employed are not critical and many variations are possible provided proper cover and adhesion are achieved.
  • finishing is obtaining good adhesion to the backing, properly filling the cloth and preparing its surface for the maker coat to hold the abrasive, and adequately bonding the yarns so that the end product resists delamination, splitting, and tearing. Adequate flexibility for the end use intended is also important.
  • the particular chemical structure of the finishing compositions is not critical, except to the extent that it affects the physical properties described above.
  • the presently preferred material for the warp yarns is continuous filament polyester having relatively high strength and low elongation properties. Obviously other yarns of similar or higher strength properties and similar or lower elongation under load, may be used. In less critical applications yarns with less strength and higher elongation could be used, and other advantages of the present invention be still retained.
  • glass or metal yarns may be employed as part or all of the yarn arrays.
  • the preferred yarns in the fill direction are texturized continuous filament synthetic yarns, as in the example below. Natural and synthetic staple fiber textile yarns may be employed. Continuous filament yarns are particularly useful if they are texturized, given a false twist, or are otherwise produced to have a high bulk or surface area so that good adhesion to the cloth finishing materials is achieved.
  • This example employs a stitch bonded backing of the type disclosed in Figure 9 of U.S. Patent 2,890,579.
  • the fabric of the example was made on Malimo machine (available from Unitecha Aussenhandelgesellschaft mbH, DDR-108 Berlin, Mohrenstrasse 53/54 GDR).
  • the approximately' 10.2 cm (4 inch) wide carrier for the fill yarns holds 61 ends, and makes one complete cycle from one edge of the web and back for every 4 inch longitudinal forward motion of the web.
  • For a 152 cm (60 inch) wide machine this produces a fill which crosses the warp yarns at an angle of about 88° in one direction and 92° in the other.
  • the switch yarns, which bind the warp to the fill arc 70 denier continuous filament polyester.
  • the stitch length is 1.2 mm.
  • the warp yarns are 1000 denier duPont type 68 continuous filament high tenacity polyester (9.2 grams per denier breaking strength), and the warp count is 14 ends per 2.54 cm (inch).
  • the fill yarns are continuous filament 170 denier (containing 33 filaments) available from Celanese Corporation as type 731 polyester. These yarns have a low twist (0.25 per 2.54 cm (inch) and are texturized to provide a bulky yarn for optimum adhesion to coatings later applied.
  • the tenacity is 3.5 to 3.9 grams/denier and the elongation is 18 to 24% at break.
  • the yarn is preferably not treated with a coning oil.
  • the above described backing was then saturated with a resin and acrylic latex composition to prepare it for front-filling, back-filling, and coating with maker grain and size coat.
  • a heat setting step is combined with the drying of the saturant.
  • Standard sizing rolls are employed to apply the following composition in the amount of 1360 to 1814 g. (3 to 4 pounds) per sandpaper makers ream (S.P.M.R.) 30.6 m (330 square feet). The fill yarn side of the fabric was facing up.
  • the fabric Upon completion of the application of the saturant the fabric is dried on a tenter frame for at least 3 minutes in a hot air oven in which the temperature in the entry zone is 96.1°C, (205°F), and the temperature at the exit zone is 176.7°C (350°F).
  • a tension of at least 907 g (2 pounds) per 2.54 cm (inch) of width is maintained on the fabric during its travel through the oven. This process not only dries the saturant but also heat-sets the fabric.
  • composition of the front fill coating applied to the fill yarn side in this example, but which can instead be applied to the warp yarn side if desired, is as follows:
  • the front fill coating composition is applied with a box knife in the amount of 10 to 11 pounds per ream, and water may be added as necessary to maintain the required viscosity for proper coating.
  • the coated cloth is again dried on a tenter frame with a tension of at least 907 g (2 pounds) per inch of width by passing through a hot air oven in which the entry temperature is 205°F and the exit zone temperature is 300°F.
  • composition is applied by knife coating in the amount of 45.4 Kg (10 pounds) per 30.6 m 2 (S.P.M.R), and dried in an oven having an entry zone temperature of 150°F and an exit zone of 200°F.
  • a suitable formulation to be applied to the front sized side of the backing is as follows:
  • the wet adhesive layer is then dried: 25 minutes at 51.7°C (125°F.), 25 minutes at 57.2°C (135°F.), 18 minutes at 82.2°C (180°F.), 25 minutes at 87.8°C (190°F.), and 15 minutes at 107.2°C (225°F.), after which a final cure at 110°C (230°F.) for 8 hours is given.
  • the coated abrasive material is then ready to be converted according to usual techniques, into belts, discs, and other desired abrasive products.
  • a central feature of the invention is the use of yarn arrays which are not interlaced as in conventional woven fabrics, and the use of the terms "warp” and “fill” in the description of fabrics bonded by other means than weaving does not imply such interlacing.
  • the abrasive sheet material of the above example can be formed into belts by conventional joining techniques well known in the art. Particularly suitable are the butt joints described in U.S. Patents 3,665,600 and 3,787,273. Lapped joints as described in U.S. Patent 4,194,618 may also be used. In such cases it may be desirable to apply the front fill coating and the abrasive and maker on the warp side of the backing, instead of on the fill side. In the case of butt joints the backing may be coated on either one side or the other.
  • An adhesively bound coated abrasive backing of this invention was prepared by crossing two sets of substantially parallel spun polyester-yarn (3-5 gm/denier tenacity, 19 singles, cotton count) between the top and bottom platens of a photographic dry mounting press (manufactured by Seal, Inc.), the upper platen of which is electrically heated to a temperature of 171.1°C to 176.7°C (340° to 350°F).
  • a sheet of polyamide hot melt adhesive web (Bostik No. 5350 available from USM Corp.) was inserted between the yarn layers and the press closed to fuse and set the adhesive. A laminating time of approximately 45 seconds was used.
  • the press was opened, the cross-direction yarn beam cut free, and the machine direction yarn beam advanced to bring the next adjacent portion of yarn over the bottom platen of the press.
  • the cross-direction yarn beam was then brought through the press to cross the other beam and the bonding process repeated.
  • Approximately 7.3 m. 8 yards of fabric was prepared in this manner.
  • the fabric so prepared contained a density of 93 yarns 2.54 cm (inch) in the machine direction and 47 yarns/2.54 cm (inch) in the cross-direction, yielding a calculated areal weight of 2.5x 10- 4 g/mm 2 (6.81 ozlyd 2 ).
  • the count and density of fabrics thus prepared are readily varied by varying the counts and weights of yarn(s) used in the respective beams.
  • the fabric was then heat-stretched by passing it over a catenary-shaped surface at a speed of 6.08 m. (20 ft)/min while under a linear tension of 6.8 Kg. (15 Ibs)/2.54 cm (inch) of width.
  • the fabric was heated to 204.4°C. (400°F) by infrared radiators on the opposite side of the web from the catenary surface.
  • the machine direction breaking strength of the fabric was increased from 71.7 Kg. (158 Ibs)/2.54 cm. (inch) of width to 81.2 Kg (179 lbs)/2.54 cm (inch) of width, and the elongation to break of the fabric was reduced from 32% to 20%.
  • the thus prepared fabric may be henceforward denoted as a backing.
  • a typical formulation applied to the front sized side (i.e., the side on which machine direction yarns were originally exposed) of the backing was as follows:
  • the wet adhesive layer was then dried: 25 minutes at 51.7°C (125°F), 25 minutes at 57.2°C (135°F), 18 minutes at 82.2°C (180°F), 25 minutes at 87.8°C (190°F) and 15 minutes at 107.2°C (225°F), after which a final cure at 110°C (230°F) for 8 hours is given.
  • the coated abrasive material was then ready to be manufactured according to usual techniques, into belts, discs, and other desired abrasive products.
  • Other coated abrasive belts were also prepared, using the same means and formulations as the material of this invention, with the exception that the backing substrate fabric used was a conventionally woven polyester spun yarn backing (2x1 drills construction; 66 ends per 2.54 cm (inch) and 44 picks per 2.54 cm (inch); yarn 3-5 gm/denier, warp, 12's and filling, 15's cotton count). The warp (twill) side of this cloth was used as the frontside.
  • the product of this invention using the previously disclosed adhesively bound backing (Product A) was compared to the product prepared by using the conventionally interwoven backing (Product B) in a series of grinding operations.
  • both belts tested showed evidence of severe damage to the filling yarn, with the second belt of the two splitting and breaking apart to terminate the test. No such damage was found to have occurred to the backing of the product A herein disclosed.
  • Example 2 above has illustrated one of the coated abrasives of this invention having a backing without bonding yarns of any kind. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that many variations from this specific example could be made within the scope of this invention. For example, if greater economy in the product were necessary, the cross-direction set of reinforcing yarns could have been eliminated. Belts made from the product would then have had less resistance to splitting but could have been satisfactory for certain uses. The choice of adhesive could be varied within wide limits to give the combination of flexibility and damage resistance most suitable to the intended use of the coated abrasive product.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
  • Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

Claims (8)

1. Flexibles beschichtetes schleifend wirkendes Blattmaterial, in dem Schleifmittelkörper mit mindestens einer Seite eines Tragkörpers verbunden sind, der mindestens zwei Anordnungen enthält, von denen jede aus nicht miteinander verflochtenen, im wesentlichen in einer Ebene liegenden, zueinander parallelen textilen Verstärkungsgarnen besteht wobei diese Anordnungen in der Ebene des Tragkörpers in mindestens zwei deutlich voneinander unterscheidbaren Richtungen orientiert sind und der größte Teil der Zugfestigkeit des beschichtteten schleifend wirkenden Blattmaterials in jeder der Genannten mindestens zwei Richtungen auf die Garne aller in der genannten Richtung angeordneten Anordnungen von nicht miteinander verflochteten, im wesentlichen in einer Ebene liegenden, zueinander parallelen Garnen zurückzuführen ist.
2. Flexibles beschichtetes schleifend wirkendes Blattmaterial nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens eine der Anordnungen, die in mindestens zwei deutlich unterscheidbaren Richtungen orientiert sind, Garne enthält, die eine höhere Bauschigkeit besitzen als die Garne anderer Anordnungen.
3. Flexibles beschichtetes schleifend wirkendes Blattmaterial nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens eine der mindestens zwei deutlich unterscheidbaren Richtungen orientierten Anordnungen texturierte Endlosfadengarne oder Stapelfasergarne enthält.
4. Flexibles beschichtetes schleifend wirkendes Blattmaterial nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die deutlich unterscheidbaren Anordnungen durch ein Nähgarn miteinander verbunden sind.
5. Blattmaterial nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Anordnungen nur durch Kleben gebunden sind.
6. Flexibles Blattmaterial nach einem der vorhergenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennziechnet, daß es ein dünnes Blatt enthält.
7. Flexibles beschichtetes schleifend wirkendes Blattmaterial nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche in Form eines endlosen Bandes.
8. Flexibles beschichtetes schleifend wirkendes Blattmaterial nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zu seiner Herstellung die Schleifmittelkörper elektrostatisch auf einen Klebstoffüberzug auf dem Blattmaterial aufgetragen worden sind.
EP81105516A 1980-07-31 1981-07-14 Mit Abrasif versehenes flexibles Schleifband Expired - Lifetime EP0045408B2 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81105516T ATE13267T1 (de) 1980-07-31 1981-07-14 Mit abrasif versehenes flexibles schleifband.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US17407380A 1980-07-31 1980-07-31
US174073 1980-07-31

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0045408A1 EP0045408A1 (de) 1982-02-10
EP0045408B1 true EP0045408B1 (de) 1985-05-15
EP0045408B2 EP0045408B2 (de) 1991-11-13

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ID=22634705

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81105516A Expired - Lifetime EP0045408B2 (de) 1980-07-31 1981-07-14 Mit Abrasif versehenes flexibles Schleifband

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0045408B2 (de)
JP (1) JPS57114366A (de)
AT (1) ATE13267T1 (de)
DD (1) DD201652A5 (de)
DE (2) DE3170492D1 (de)
ES (1) ES8402195A1 (de)
ZA (1) ZA814982B (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1522386B2 (de) † 2003-10-06 2011-05-25 Oy Kwh Mirka Ab Abrasives Produkt

Families Citing this family (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4867760A (en) * 1980-07-31 1989-09-19 Norton Company Coated abrasive
DE3212805A1 (de) * 1982-04-06 1983-12-15 Akzo Gmbh, 5600 Wuppertal Schleifmittelbahn mit einem gewebten traegermaterial
US4478610A (en) * 1982-08-27 1984-10-23 Carborundum Abrasives Company Method of preparing flexible backing material for use in coated abrasives
US4437865A (en) * 1982-08-27 1984-03-20 Carborundum Abrasive Company Flexible backing material for use in coated abrasives
DE3319063C1 (de) * 1983-05-26 1984-01-19 Vereinigte Schmirgel- und Maschinen-Fabriken AG, 3000 Hannover Zum Herstellen von Schleifbändern geeignetes textiles Trägermaterial
US4474585A (en) * 1983-05-31 1984-10-02 Norton Company Synthetic yarn-reinforced flexible webs stabilized against elongation, coated abrasive thereon, and process therefor
JPS59230750A (ja) * 1983-06-14 1984-12-25 Tomoegawa Paper Co Ltd 孔版用突起シ−ト
DE3339305A1 (de) * 1983-10-29 1985-05-23 Saerbeck-Textil Wagener KG, 4401 Saerbeck Flexibler, in naehwirktechnik hergestellter beschichtungstraeger
DE3339911A1 (de) * 1983-11-04 1985-05-23 Akzo Gmbh, 5600 Wuppertal Verwendung von blasduesentexturierten garnen bei der herstellung von schleifmitteln auf unterlage
US4589233A (en) * 1984-06-25 1986-05-20 Carborundum Abrasives Company Sectional abrasive belt
WO1986002306A1 (en) * 1984-10-09 1986-04-24 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Coated abrasive sheet material with improved backing
DE3526502A1 (de) * 1985-07-24 1987-01-29 Norddeutsche Schleifmittel Ind Schleifband mit einer quer zu seiner laengsrichtung verlaufenden verbindungsfuge
US4725487A (en) * 1986-03-28 1988-02-16 Norton Company Flexible coated abrasive and fabric therefor
DE8912060U1 (de) * 1989-10-10 1991-02-07 Norddeutsche Schleifmittel-Industrie Christiansen & Co (Gmbh & Co), 2000 Hamburg, De
US5577956A (en) * 1995-04-27 1996-11-26 Norton Company Hot metal grinding
US5919549A (en) * 1996-11-27 1999-07-06 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Abrasive articles and method for the manufacture of same

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1890502A (en) * 1929-10-26 1932-12-13 Bradford H Divine Buffing wheel
DE890912C (de) * 1951-12-05 1953-09-24 Wilhelm Mueller Schleifband
CH356033A (de) * 1957-04-12 1961-07-31 Beyer Olsen Arthur Stahlwollband zum maschinellen Schleifen und Polieren
US3146560A (en) * 1960-06-14 1964-09-01 Rexall Drug Chemical Abrasive products
GB1094894A (en) * 1963-07-16 1967-12-13 George Davies Abrasive or polishing elements
FR1428093A (fr) * 1965-02-10 1966-02-11 Filzfabrik Wurzen Veb Ruban à nettoyer, à poncer ou à polir et son procédé de fabrication
JPS5819293B2 (ja) * 1974-09-19 1983-04-18 ロバ−ト エル リ− 顎運動の分析及び記録装置

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1522386B2 (de) † 2003-10-06 2011-05-25 Oy Kwh Mirka Ab Abrasives Produkt

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS6247155B2 (de) 1987-10-06
ES514058A0 (es) 1984-01-16
ATE13267T1 (de) 1985-06-15
DD201652A5 (de) 1983-08-03
DE3170492D1 (en) 1985-06-20
ES8402195A1 (es) 1984-01-16
EP0045408A1 (de) 1982-02-10
DE45408T1 (de) 1983-09-29
EP0045408B2 (de) 1991-11-13
JPS57114366A (en) 1982-07-16
ZA814982B (en) 1982-07-28

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