EP0042360A2 - Elektronische Uhr, insbesondere Armbanduhr, mit digitaler Anzeige und geographisch-solaren Funktionen - Google Patents

Elektronische Uhr, insbesondere Armbanduhr, mit digitaler Anzeige und geographisch-solaren Funktionen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0042360A2
EP0042360A2 EP81810235A EP81810235A EP0042360A2 EP 0042360 A2 EP0042360 A2 EP 0042360A2 EP 81810235 A EP81810235 A EP 81810235A EP 81810235 A EP81810235 A EP 81810235A EP 0042360 A2 EP0042360 A2 EP 0042360A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
time
solar
watch
information
date
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
EP81810235A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0042360B1 (de
EP0042360A3 (en
Inventor
Ibrahim Salah
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SPACETRONIC SA
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SPACETRONIC SA
Spacetronic SA
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Publication of EP0042360A2 publication Critical patent/EP0042360A2/de
Publication of EP0042360A3 publication Critical patent/EP0042360A3/fr
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04G—ELECTRONIC TIME-PIECES
    • G04G9/00—Visual time or date indication means
    • G04G9/0076—Visual time or date indication means in which the time in another time-zone or in another city can be displayed at will

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a watch, in particular a wristwatch, electronic, with digital display, with geographico-solar functions, comprising timepiece means for the current time and date.
  • the sixth hour of prayer defined as the hour of the fall of the whole night, can be defined physically as the hour when the sun has descended approximately 12 ° below the horizon, and the time when this occurs, relatively to the time of sunset, varies according to latitude and according to the time of the solar year (Muslim months shift gradually from summer to winter and vice versa, in a cycle of approximately 30 years).
  • the prior art therefore has shortcomings with regard to a calculator watch of the very particular type in question, and which should, given the specialization of its calculation functions, allow control by a small number of push buttons that can be easily manipulated with the finger. and not encumbering the face of the watch, permanent or semi-permanent storage - complex calculation programs having to be possible in these circumstances, always because of the above-mentioned specialization.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide such an electronic watch with digital display equipped with solar functions, which meets " : the requirements and interests arising from the considerations set out above and which avoids the disadvantages also mentioned above of calculating wristwatches with known general function. of the prior art.
  • the dependent claims define particularly advantageous embodiments as regards mainly the convenience of handling the solar calculator watch and its convenience of reading the information supplied, and also as regards the grouping of functions and function commands, being understood that, on a very large number of possible functions with the watch, each user must be able to easily retain a particular group of functions which particularly interest him, without necessarily having to keep in mind the complete user manual of the watch for all other functions that interest him. less.
  • the advantageous embodiments defined by the dependent claims therefore specify, on the one hand, a large number of functions which will advantageously be included in the watch so that it is very universal, and, on the other hand, a rational arrangement of these functions to allow the user, according to what has just been explained, a selective learning of the manipulations necessary for the functions which are particularly useful to him.
  • the watch is likely to be found in three regimes, namely the normal regime RN, the regime of table I RTI and the regime of table II RTII. All of the two RTI and RTII regimes are designated as the RT array regime. Furthermore, the watch can be in four situations for the processing of the information that it displays, namely the situation of non-correction SCN, the situation of correction in front SCAV, the situation of correction in back SCAR and the work situation in STT tables.
  • the watch In fig. 1, the watch is shown in regime of table I RTI and in working situation in table STT.
  • the 18 examples in fig. 2 C11-C16, C21-C26, C31-C36 (this number indicating the coordinates of the position of each example in fig..2) first represent three examples of the watch in normal RN mode (Cll, C12, C13 ), eleven examples of the watch in table I RTI mode (C14-C16, C21-C26, C31-C32), and finally four examples of the watch in table II RTII mode (C33 - C36).
  • the example Cll of fig. 2 shows the watch in its usual function, the simplest, in which it displays only the hour and the minute, over twelve hours with in addition the indication A / P.
  • the watch indicates Oh 35 in the evening.
  • the watch can have up to three superimposed lines of information, the top line, the middle line and the bottom line, and it still has, on the far right, a series of signs indicating speed, situation and other particular circumstances concerning different states in the context of tabular work.
  • Each of the three lines includes four main seven-segment display stations, one auxiliary seven-segment display station. on the far left, and two display points separating the two main posts on the left from the two main posts on the right.
  • Six push-buttons are distributed on the sides of the watch middle, three on the left (BPH ', BPM', BPB ') and three on the right (BPH, BPM, BPB).
  • the display has two almost vertical lines for the speed indication.
  • the watch When none is activated (for example Cl1 to C13, fig. 2), the watch is in normal RN mode.
  • one is activated for example C21-C26 fig. 2) one is in IRTI table mode and when two are activated (for example C33-C36 in fig. 2) the watch is in table II, RTII mode.
  • the watch can display an almost vertical line with either an arrowhead up, or an arrowhead down, or two arrowheads up and down.
  • the watch is in a situation of non-correction SNC, when an arrow directed upwards is displayed, the watch is in a situation of correction in front SCAV, when an arrow directed towards the bottom is displayed, the watch is in the SCAR backward correction situation, and when a bidirectional arrow is displayed, the watch is in the LK STT table working situation.
  • the middle line has only one type of information, namely current time information, and a short press on the button in the middle on the left has no influence.
  • the upper line can either choose to provide no display (for example Cll, fig. 2) or else provide the display for the day of the week and the second (C13, fig.2).
  • each short press on the upper left button BPH ' shows, then disappears, then appears again, etc., the indications of days of the week and seconds.
  • a long press advances the digit just one step forward to the left of the two points
  • a double press causes, as the case may be, either an advance (or a step back) of one step of the auxiliary information in the auxiliary field on the far right, s oit a step forward of tens, in the second main digit from the right.
  • a long press on a right push button coming, in the same correction process, after a short or double press advances the digit of the tens, to the right of the two points, instead of the digits located to the left of the two points.
  • the speed (normal, RN, table I RTI and table II RTH) is selected by long presses on the upper left button BPH '.
  • the succession is: RN, RTI, RTII, RN ....
  • a particular consequence of the presence of a correction that is to say a current correction not yet receipted, is that the passage of the regime nor - evil regime tables, and vice versa, is not possible. If we are in normal mode, we stay there constantly, regardless of any long press on the upper left button, and if we are in table mode, long presses on the upper left button move from table I to the table II, then from Table II to Table I, etc.
  • fig. 2 there is for example the correction situation backwards.
  • a small line which will make if necessary an angle with the line of indication RTI, indicates that the mode table I RTI which one could call will be of a special type, "without automatic alignment", peculiarity which will be discussed below.
  • the middle line indicates the time zone, from zero to 24 according to the classic designations.
  • the latitude is indicated in degrees by the two main display stations on the right, and in tenths of a degree by the auxiliary display station on the far right; the upper point of the two points indicates north latitude and the lower point of the two points indicates south latitude.
  • the time difference indicates, directly in hours and minutes, the longitude of the point considered in relation to that of the center of the indicated time zone.
  • the difference. time is at most 30 min, in the center of the time zone the time difference is 00.
  • a point has the official time in a time zone other than the one in which it is located (for example the Bre- tagne has, in summer, the time of time zone 2 while it is in the West of the center of the time zone O) the time difference can take values exceeding one hour.
  • the advantage of expressing this longitudinal position in this way is that the measurement is independent of the latitude and which is most familiar to users.
  • time zone O the meridian of Greenwich
  • time zone 12 the meridian 180 of the Aleutian Islands
  • the three pieces of information EH, FHL and DT thus fix the place, in longitude and in latitude, and the date, of the point considered. Going then to the second position of the display cycle, we will obtain (always in table mode) the height of the sun on the upper line, the time on the middle line, and the azimuth of the sun on the lower line. Under these conditions, if the time remaining on the center line is the current time, and if the geographical location of the watch has been set to the point where it is located, the upper and lower lines respectively will indicate automatically the position of the sun, in height and azimuth., at the current time and place. Every minute, the two informed AS, HS azimuth and solar height will be corrected, along with the current minutes information.
  • any modification of the date will automatically cause a realignment of the solar height information according to the date, l 'hour kept.
  • the solar azimuth information temporarily not displayed but still present, is also realigned taking into account the new date. We can thus know for example how high the sun will be in a specific place for any day of the year. If the last alignment before the date correction was made for example on the solar height, the realignment according to the date is done with conservation of the solar height and redetermination of the time at which, on the new date, the sun will be at the fixed height (for example 26.4 °, the fourth hour of prayer for Muslims).
  • the two main display digits on the right indicate the value of the solar height in degrees (maximum 90 0 ) and the auxiliary digit, on the far right, indicates the tenths of a degree.
  • the digit immediately to the left of the position of the two points (which do not appear for this display) is reserved for the sign "-", for heights below the horizon.
  • the last digit to the left displays an "h" when the sun is in the rising part of its course, closer to noon than to midnight, that is to say in the morning.
  • the fi is provided with an upper horizontal bar, as seen for example in C21 in fig. 2.
  • the sign becomes an "H” as shown for example in C23 in fig. 2.
  • the sun goes down, but is even closer to noon than to midnight, the "h” reverses to become “ " "”; this is shown for example in C24 in fig. 2.
  • Monoblock corrections simply apply the desired value of the solar parameter HS, with the desired sign, and the calculator does the rest.
  • the middle column of fig. 2 that is to say positions C21 to C26, illustrates the six successive monoblock positions. These can be recognized by the following HS values: " (or ) -12.0 “: dawn,” h “(or h) 00.0”; sunrise, “H ... (any value calculated by the watch)”; noon, sun at the meridian “h 26.4"; decline, h (or h) 00.0 "; bedtime and” h (or h) -12.0 “; twilight. This corresponds to the six positions of the central column of fig. 2.
  • the time and date can correspond to the current time, or can be out of sync. All to the left, slightly above the middle line (able to display the time) and the lower line (suitable to display date) are signs which are either "p" or "o". The transition from one sign to another is done by adding or deleting the vertical bar. This display only appears in table mode.
  • the "p” indicates that we have the "present time”, as the case may be for the hour and / or for the date.
  • the other sign "o" indicates that the time is out of sync, depending on the date or time.
  • the time indication in table I mode, is automatically desynchronized.
  • the date it will desynchronize only if it undergoes a correction (or a memory call, a function which will be examined below). It should be noted that, by double pressing the left middle button and the left lower button respectively, it is possible to desynchronize and resynchronize the time and date respectively, in tabular mode.
  • the time and date are supported by work registers separate from the counter registers which establish the current time and date.
  • Desynchronization from the aforementioned particular primitive position can also be done by double pressing the corresponding button on the left.
  • the signs "p" or "o” are established on the far left of the watch anyway in correspondence with what has been indicated previously. It should be noted that these questions of synchronization and desynchronization of the time and date information in table mode are resolved in exactly the same way in the table II RTII regime, which will be examined below.
  • the watch memorizes three different places, each given by a time difference value EH, a time zone value FH and a latitude value L.
  • the watch includes three places memories "LOC A”, “LOC B”, “LOC C”.
  • the information "LOC A” is that of the "home port location, it is (with one exception which will be examined below) always that place which intervenes for the usual time, in normal RN mode. It is true that the place is not displayed in this scheme, but implicitly, it is the place of home port LOC A that counts.
  • the maintenance of the LOC A home port takes place at the beginning in the same way as the usual time and the usual date, as mentioned above. Then, as soon as one wants to make a correction of place, or as soon as one tends to make a change of place, it is the work regime of the place which provides the place information.
  • the changes of places are made in a cycle of four or five, by long presses on the left middle button BPPZ '. Their control is given by a group of four points located on the far left in the middle, between the two markings "p". The four points of this group occupy approximately the three vertices and the middle of the base of an isosceles triangle placed on its base (equal oblique sides).
  • the marking of a point indicates LOC A
  • the marking of the two points one beside the other indicates LOC B
  • the marking of three points one beside the other indicates LOC C.
  • the marking three points in a triangle indicates that the workplace is no longer determined by one of the three locations A, LOC B, LOC C.
  • the single point which indicates LOC A if it is at the top (top upper triangle) it means that this LOC A is that of the home port taken for itself at the start of the array regime, while if it is on the far left of the base, it indicates that it is the location work register synchronized to LOC A (as it could also be synchronized to LOC B, or synchronized to LOC C, or even non-synchronized).
  • the LOC A home port register plays the same role as the usual time counters for the time and date.
  • time zones are counted in such a way that the time zone 12 has the value zero, the time zone 0 Greenwich) has the value 12 and the time zone 11 (Australia, New Zealand) has the value 23.
  • time zones 24, 25, 26 are provided, which, for the display are called 12', 13 ', 14', the '' being displayed in front of the 1 of the number 12, 13 and 14, on the center line, left part, of the watch.
  • the transformation of the denomination of time zones is simply done on the display, a weighting bit 12 being inverted.
  • the usual time always calculated for the most late time zone, is increased by a number of units equal to the rank of the time zone (according to the particular series mentioned above).
  • the information of the home port location although not provided under normal conditions, is subjacent to the provision of information of the current time and date instead of the home port, that is to say i.e. hourly information provided under normal conditions.
  • the call-memory intervenes in the two tables regimes, provided that one is in a transfer situation in STT tables (indicated by a double arrow at the bottom right).
  • RTIS special table I regime
  • the automatic alignments are not made. If therefore, this special regime being engaged, we make for example a monobloc call, the height information so the range will be established in the upper line, but the two time and azimuth information will not be realigned.
  • the watch detects that this is data that cannot be processed and indicates it by flashing the two lower vertical segments located furthest to the left on the upper and lower lines, as indicated by the dotted line in field C15 in fig. 2.
  • table II regime it is possible to carry out research on the basis of solar readings of the azimuth AS and of the height HS in a given instant, not necessarily but advantageously known.
  • three searches are possible, these are RD date search, RL latitude search and RDL date and latitude search.
  • the date search allows, latitude being accepted as known, to calculate the effective date on the basis of a solar reading (AS, HS). It is activated by a short press on the lower right button.
  • the latitude search RL allows, the date being accepted as known and exact, to search the latitude on the basis of a solar survey. It is engaged with a short press on the right middle push button BPM, in table II mode with the work situation in table UKKTT.
  • the RDL date and latitude search is controlled using a short press on the BPH push button, in RTII mode and in working situation in STT tables, on the basis of two solar readings, the date as the latitude being assumed to be unknown and to be found.
  • the first statement "HS, AS” we first fix, on the upper and lower lines, the first statement "HS, AS”, then we store these two values (in a way that will be explained later) and we introduce the HS and AS values of the second reading, on which we operate a short press on the upper right button. If the center line then displays the time zone and latitude, the latitude of the point where the readings were taken will be automatically marked. Otherwise, it will be present and will only wait for the passage on the latitude display to be displayed. The same will apply to the date. Note that, once you have entered the azimuth of the second reading on the lower line, you can display on this line the date display, the azimuth present but not displayed will be used identically for the search.
  • the local time register keeps the time calculated by the watch.
  • a short press on the upper right button BPH causes a time difference search EH, that is to say causes the watch to store a time difference such that, at the local time stored inside the watch (and nowhere displayed ) corresponds to the displayed calendar time, taken at the same time as the height and azimuth of the sun to take stock. It is clear that if we then obtain an EH of approximately 6 hours, this is proof that we do not have the correct time zone on the watch and we will correct this time zone so that the EH is close to 0 h or 1 h.
  • an azimuth. greater than 180 ° cannot appear with a rising sun, in this case still in a height position -3 °, and the watch, having considered that one of the information given is morning information while the other is information in the afternoon, refuses to do this impossible search and translates this refusal by the blinking indicated in dotted lines in field C36 in fig. 2.
  • LOC where the registration of the place must be made, it is indicated by a flashing of the points which otherwise indicate which is the place which governs the operation, that is to say by a flashing point if it is LOC A, two flashing dots next to each other if it is LOC B (as shown in C34 in fig. 2) or three flashing dots one next to the other if it is LOC C.
  • FIG. 3 shows how the different groups of the watch circuit are subdivided, the subdivisions adopted in the drawing being however approximate, the interdependence of the circuits not making it possible to locate them all exactly in one group or the other.
  • the integrated circuit can either be a large circuit, comprising a part of the "watchmaker LSI” type for components other than the calculator, and a "microprocessor" part for the calculator, ie a two-level integrated circuit, one for one part and the other for the other part, with however the possibility of very numerous interconnections, carried out directly on the double integrated circuit.
  • a microprocessor part for the calculator, ie a two-level integrated circuit, one for one part and the other for the other part, with however the possibility of very numerous interconnections, carried out directly on the double integrated circuit.
  • the date counter is followed by a "11 GREG" counter which counts a cycle of -11 years for "Gregorian corrections" affecting the exact time of the spring equinox.
  • the "11 GREG” counter provides two pulses every 11 years which will be used to keep up to date an adequate memory contained in the calculator part.
  • the time counting chain includes a day of the week counter, with a cycle of seven, receiving a pulse per day like the date counter. All these counters are visible at the top of fig. 4.
  • stage T In front of each counter stage, there is a stage marked T, which receives the timing pulses, the correction information for the next counter, as well as information signaling a backward correction situation.
  • stages establish the appropriate time relationships for sending the pulses to all the counters which are of the synchronous type.
  • the timing is based on periods of exactly 1/8 sec and which, due to binary division, encompass 128, periods of approximately 1 ms (exactly 1/1024 sec). These "ms" are themselves divided into “ ⁇ s", this unit being the operating scale of a calculator.
  • the first of the 128 ms is reserved for setting up the different circuit conditions for the different functions.
  • the following ms include the transmission of normal advance information from the comp chain tage of usual time.
  • the counters in the current time counting chain are bidirectional and, in principle, count forward. They receive information (input drawn on the top of the counters in fig. 4) which puts them in a counting backward situation, during the fourth ms, when the normal RN regime is simultaneously (which allows corrections of the current time counting chain) the SCAR backward correction situation and the observation that a correction is in progress (CEC). In this case, the corrections work in the opposite direction, whatever they are.
  • time zone FH ' (starting from O_in time zone 12, the most late) is applied to a static adder which receives the information of the hours.
  • the time information, initially established for the most late time zone is therefore advanced to the extent desired to give the time of the considered time zone.
  • time zones 12 ', 13' ,, 14 ' which, in the counting starting from time zone 12, give respectively 24, 25, and '26 hours in advance.
  • the information FH ′ is on a cycle of twelve, plus one bit - of weighting 12, plus one bit of weighting 24. The carryovers of the addition can therefore, if necessary, be two and not one.
  • incrementers are applied to incrementing stages which increment the date and day of the week information by one or two.
  • These incrementers like the adders, are of a known type (formed of three-input adder stages, a weighting output identical to the inputs and a weighting output double that of the inputs), however preparation circuits P are necessary for these incrementers, taking into account the fact that the cycles of dates and days of the week are shortened compared to a power of two.
  • the day of the week counter is an eight (o to 7) counter arranged so that position 1 and not position O automatically follows position 7. When one or two units must be added to the position 7 or when two units must be added at position 6, it is a question of adding a third unit so that the incrementer also jumps to the zero position.
  • Stage P for the day of the week incrementer is therefore a normal "three-input two-output adder", additionally comprising a door which admits the input from position 7 of the counter only when a of the other two inputs (carryover from the adder) controls an increment of one unit.
  • a similar arrangement is established in the preparation stage P of the incrementer for the date; it receives adequate orders from one of the positions 28, 29, 30 or 31, depending on the length of the current month.
  • the arrangement of establishment of times and dates as just explained has the advantage that, when the information of the time zone is increased time to be considered, the time information advances automatically, the time therefore always remains adequately preserved.
  • the memories of the LOC A, LOC B and LOC C information are supplied via gate circuits allowing the introduction of the location output information under commands respectively mmLA, mmLB and mmLC .
  • the blocks in the middle of which is represented the drawing of a double AND gate (forming a B if the arrangement is vertical) are AND gate circuits which include a plurality (as many as necessary to transmit all the bits necessary) of AND doors, all controlled by the input of the door circuit.
  • the output of the location information is provided by an arrangement of selection gates formed by two AND gate circuits, controlled additionally, then by an OR gate circuit.
  • Clieu workplace counter
  • the calculator works with information from the transformed time zone (0 in western Alaska, 12 in Greenwich).
  • the display gives the time zones according to the classic numbering.
  • the information FHaff is obtained by directly transmitting bits 1, 2, 4, 8, 24 of the time zone signal, and by transmitting bit 12 of this signal with an inversion.
  • Fig. 4 also shows the work counter for the solar height (CTHS). While the azimuth counter counted from 00.0 to 359.9, always in positive value, the solar height counter counts, by tenth of a degree, from 0.0 to +90.0 and -90.0. In addition, this solar height counter is accompanied by a six-cycle SHS counter (HS sign), for the six signs "F 1 ", "r 1 “, “H”, “r 1 ", “F 1 ",” H ", which make it possible to recognize the various parts of the solar race.
  • CHS solar height counter
  • the arrangement of the solar height meter is similar to that of the solar azimuths, it has however this particular that the SHS part (also present in the joint memory) delivers information 0 which distinguishes the group “h", “H”, “r 1 “ from the group “r 1 ", “H “,” F 1 ", it also delivers information A, M, P (from English: Ante Meridian, Meridian, Post Meridian) which delimits the part of the race to the east (r 1 , h) the two positions to the meridian (H, r 1 ) and the part of the race to the west (r 1 , r 1 ).
  • This six-position SHS circuit can be reset by a large amount of information (SHS r1,2 ... ⁇ ⁇ and by SHS r AMP information).
  • resetting ⁇ , ⁇ also affects the SHS part of the memory; this case is the only one in the watch where an auxiliary memory receives external commands other than normal storage.
  • the CT HS solar height meter receives two separate pieces of information from the calculator, HS r1 , HS r2 , and it also receives the six monoblock orders: "Dawn", “rise”, “noon”, “decline”, “sunset”, “twilight”.
  • the circuit of fig. 4 also includes a register of local hours REG HL, which only receives data from the calculator and provides it, it should be noted that this register is arranged so as to supply the calculator (and receive it) on one side the information of the hours and minutes in hours and minutes, and on the other side this information transformed into angles (15 ° for one hour, 1/4 ° for one minute).
  • this register is arranged so as to supply the calculator (and receive it) on one side the information of the hours and minutes in hours and minutes, and on the other side this information transformed into angles (15 ° for one hour, 1/4 ° for one minute).
  • SD ⁇ the information
  • a RS-type flip-flop formed of two gates, receives information R d + and R d - and provides information R d , this information, supplied by the calculator, used by the latter in certain cases, and displayed together with the time information when it occurs, indicates that the time found is not that of the day in question but that of the solar race of the day in question, in the event that this distinction is required by a significant EH time difference.
  • This case is illustrated in C16 of fig. 2.
  • the first actuated push button has priority; in the event of absolutely simultaneous actuation, a cross lock would exist which, quite simply, would prevent both of the commands from being issued.
  • mutual locking is represented by a line in strong lines connecting the six similar circuits, each supplying one of these six lines and receiving the signal from the other five.
  • a flip-flop avoids the possible rebound effects of the mechanical push button.
  • An output FS 1 "Q" is used for commands, such as that of the time display in another place, previously considered, which requires a long prolonged press of a push button.
  • the circuit receives a timing at 8 Hz, it discriminates the kind of pulses during eight steps of this timing and delivers the desired command just after one second.
  • Figs. 5a and 5b using the conventional symbols of the doors and the flip-flops can be understood without difficulty by a person skilled in the art of electronics.
  • Fig. 5b shows the selection of RN, RTI, RTII regimes, as well as the selection of situations of non-correction, correction forwards, correction for backwards and work on tables.
  • Figs. 5a, 5b are again arranged synoptically, by display line, and it can be seen that the left pushbuttons deliver pulses ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 , ⁇ 3 which, in a correction situation, suppress the delivery of a signal LBl, 2,3, which indicated that this line was free to correct.
  • Fig. 5b represents the distribution of the nine different orders which can be given by the three pushbuttons on the right.
  • the diagram which mainly includes AND gates, clearly shows how these commands are distributed according to the SC correction situation or the working situation in STT tables, as well as according to the RTI and RTII regimes, as well. although according to the displays which are controlled by the commands from the circuits of FIG. 5a.
  • the various commands are designated by their name, they are intended either for the general diagram of FIG. 4, or in the general control diagram of FIG. 6, some commands are also directed to the circuit elements of FIG. 5a.
  • a short pulse acted on the first main digit on the right, a long pulse acted on the first main digit on the left (just to the left of the place of the two display points) and that the double pulse acted either on the tens digit (located just to the right of the location of the two points), or on the auxiliary digit, which generally represents tenths.
  • a short pulse acts on the digit of the latitude degree units.
  • a double pulse acts on the command of tenths of a degree of latitude and a long pulse acts on the time zone units if it is the first to intervene since corrections are in progress, on the other hand it acts on the digit of tens of degrees , if, beforehand, the units or tenths of degrees have been corrected.
  • a PDC circuit shown at the bottom of FIG. 5b in detail and which splits the correction command by a long pulse in the above-mentioned manner.
  • an RS type flip-flop formed of two REVERSE gates, (which switches to the working position when sending a short pulse or a double pulse and which returns to the rest position during the release intervening when all the corrections are received) switches the command of the long pulse either to the tens (second main digit from the right) or to the next digit (in the case of azimuths the hundreds degree, in the case of time zone and latitude display on time zone units).
  • the REH, search - time difference command can only take place if the last setting of the local time register HL was made from the calculator, or if the time was saved local (mmHT) is previously inter come. This is achieved by the set of doors shown in the middle at the bottom of fig. 5b.
  • fig. 6 represents the general control of the watch and mainly of the calculator, as well as the control of the display.
  • a set of three flip-flops and different doors which ensures synchronization and desynchronization of the date, as previously considered.
  • a similar set located just below, ensures time synchronization and desynchronization (in table mode). This set emits a TPDT signal for the date and a similar TPHT signal for the time, which, at the start of the table system, maintains the time and date coming directly from the time-counting chain to make if necessary, work the calculator (establishment of the solar height and the solar azimuth at the present moment).
  • a similar signal tPDT for the date and tPHT for the time re-establishes the synchronization of the date and time, but this time via the working register of the date and the time.
  • the first desynchronization calling into play the working registers, is immediate if we do, for example, a memory call of the time or a memory call of the date (amHT, amDT), or if an operation of the calculator tends to cause a particular position to be taken up in the working register of the date or time (UDT or UHT pulses), on the other hand if it is an attempt to correct the date or time which causes this first desynchronization, it has no other effect than the desynchronization itself, but without correction . This is necessary because the first desynchronization modifies the display in question and, to make a correction, it is necessary to know the starting position.
  • the signal tending to switch the flip-flop back to the working register is applied to the flip-flop switching input, via an OR gate, the other of which receives a Fip signal which intervenes only at the end of the process.
  • an OR gate the other of which receives a Fip signal which intervenes only at the end of the process.
  • a chain of four flip-flops controlled by the CML change of location pulse, and incidentally by the Dip pulse which occurs at the start of the process and the Fip pulse which occurs at the end of the process, establishes the commands LA, LTA, LTB, LTC, which control the call of the location information stored in the memories LOC A, LOC B, LOC C.
  • the structure of the doors represented makes it easy to see how this chain of flip-flops works .
  • four AND gates, an INVERSE OR gate and an OR gate establish the excitation of the points u, v, w, x arranged in a triangle, which indicate the situation of the place according to what has been previously indicated.
  • a chain of three flip-flops allows the selection of a LOC memory, for the introduction into it of the information of location. This is naturally only possible in table II mode, the three flip-flops being imperatively reset to zero in normal RN mode and in table I RTI mode.
  • the "mmLOC choice" command allows you to choose one of the three flip-flops, and by it one of the three LOC memories, then the "mmLOC act” command transfers the entire location displayed in the selected memory.
  • the main function of the circuit shown in fig. 6 is that for controlling the general and individual programs of the calculator.
  • these IPS and IPD circuits give a command which, for IPS begins with the jump, depending on the positive or negative case, of the signal applied to the input of the circuit and ends at the next Fip pulse, and which, for double IPD circuits, starts at the next Fip pulse and ends at the next.
  • RL search orders; RD, etc. directly actuate IPS circuits, which as a variant could be skipped and, provided that there is no correction in progress and that one is in Table II mode, pulses of duration approximately 1/7 sec (until the next Fip pulse) is sent to CPG inputs 4-10 of the program control.
  • the program command sends pulses which activate the various elementary programs of the calculator.
  • the program control also sends pulses, at the end of a general program normally comprising a plurality of individual programs of the calculator, a pulse U (UHT, UDT ... UHS2) which, as we have seen in connection with fig. 4 causes the information produced by the calculation to be written in corresponding work registers of the information production circuits of FIG. 4. The details of these commands will still be considered in connection with the operation of the calculator.
  • each line comprises 37 segments, including the two points, and each of the three lines, in turn, is capable of receiving an excitation voltage on the selected segments; in this way, the number of connections to the display is significantly reduced.
  • the rear electrodes of two leagues on three receive a zero voltage (see fig. 6 at the bottom right) while the third line receives a S + - voltage.
  • the segments receive, for their part, selectively, either the same voltage S + - and then there is no excitation, or the voltage S- + (see fig.
  • the indication of the year (0,1,2,3) is given only in a situation of correction, or then in a work situation in tables, in the regime table II. This is ensured by an adequate signal applied to the date decoder.
  • Flash 1, 2, 3, 4" signals cause the AS information and, in some cases, the date information, the time difference information and the solar height information, to flash in various ways, as saw it in connection with fig. 2. These signals are properly applied to decoders. A general CLIGN flashing signal from the timing circuit is applied to all decoders which must flash in certain cases.
  • each program block includes a vertical frame which represents the entry of information (entry interface), a frame comprising the indication "PROCESS" and which includes arrows symbolizing the processing of information, one or more elongated lower frames symbolizing the program data for operations (addition, multiplication, p -tc comparison) and a certain number of frames, sometimes partially subdivided, at the same level as the "PROCESS" frame, which symbolize the output information after processing, which will be , for the desired duration, i.e. at most one general program, stored in buffer memories that can be used for different uses.
  • a number of individual programs have thus been represented. It should be noted that, in fig. 7b and fig.
  • the calculator Before considering the main calculator programs, it is necessary to talk about the COREQ information establishment program. For the calculation of solar information, the calculator needs to know the dates in particular, not from January 1, but from the moment of the equinox (we chose the spring equinox). However, in addition to the fact that compared to the instant when a leap year occurs, the equinox decreases by 6, 12 and 18 h respectively in the following years, the equinox instant itself related to a year leap tend to go back, approximately 2 hours every 11 years. In addition, it is necessary to enter the e-quinox information "COREQ MEMORY COUNTER REGISTER" in a convenient manner.
  • COREQ information is the time information in hours that runs from the time of the leap year equinox to the first hour of March 24 in the latest time zone, and it is good It is clear that this time is always positive, its value increasing as the moment of the equinox recedes. This COREQ value will then be combined with the indication of the time zone then, in a subsequent program, with the information of the year Ancy in order to obtain a date established in quarter-days starting from the instant of the equinox .
  • the information must first be transformed before it can be processed, and this is the role of the preliminary programs, most of which are shown in fig. 7a. Then come the actual processing operations, to determine for example the solar height and time as a function of the azimuth, at a given date and latitude, or to determine for example the latitude as a function of a solar height and from an azimuth given on a known date.
  • the different information directly on the diagram in fig. 7c indicated the different information directly on the diagram in fig. 7c, however, the very nature of the programs carried out is the subject of a table which will be given in the following pages.
  • the AMP logic For research, where the two solar height and solar azimuth information are used as input, the AMP logic must check that the two information are on the same side. If not, it refuses the Rposs information, which indicates that the search is possible. On the other hand, for alignments, the AMP information is taken from the basic information (time, azimuth, height), and it is imposed on the other two parameters.
  • the P4 program is able to recognize that a solar height, given as being in the morning or in the afternoon, can correspond to the maximum and minimum height; in this case, an impulse is sent to the SHS register to move it to the meridian position.
  • the sun on certain dates passes to the south and to the north, and on certain other dates remains constantly in the south or remains constantly in the north. It follows that one can have, for the same azimuth, two different solar heights.
  • the calculator always first indicates which one is the highest, but the display indicates that there are two heights for the same azimuth by the fact that it makes the upper bar of the A of the azimuth information flash (C3l, fig. 2).
  • the formula for calculating the solar height includes a coefficient (6 ⁇ ) which can have the value +1 or the value -1, in some cases the value zero
  • the preparation logic calculates this coefficient.
  • the trajectory of the sun can only be an east-west trajectory.
  • an azimuth other than 90 ° or 180 ° automatically causes the PRO signal.
  • a meridian azimuth, 0 or 180 ° does not cause the PRO signal because, when the sun passes at the zenith, it is by definition admitted as being on the meridian.
  • SMSN 0 ⁇ this value will be a value of sign equal to +1 when SMSN is positive or zero, and equal to -1 when SMSN is negative. If we crossed the zero and the +, the sign value would be 0 for positive or zero values of SMSN and -1 for negative values of SMSN.
  • logical quantities which by definition can be worth only O or +1. They are designated by a letter having signs only on one level.
  • the value (U +) is a logical quantity equal to 1 when U is positive and O when U is not positive (zero or negative).
  • the value (U-) is a logical value being worth +1 when U is negative and O when U is not negative.
  • a sign quantity with three values (... ) can be represented by two logical quantities, namely mandatory and defined.
  • logical quantities enter without difficulty but they can never be worth anything other than 0 or +1. If they are preceded by the sign - they are subtracted, but they are "- (+ 1)".
  • a logical quantity surmounted by a bar is an inverse logical quantity, which is worth 0 when the direct logical quantity is worth 1 and which is worth 1 when the logical quantity is worth O, there is no question of value -1.
  • the information going to the processing is assigned the index d (data) while the information returning from the processing is assigned the index r (result, response), if several pieces of information of the same kind come back from the processing, we will have the indices r1, r2 (for example AS r1 , AS r2 for the azimuth information, solar returning respectively from an alignment operation as a function of the solar height and from an alignment operation as a function of l 'hour).
  • the solar trajectory is a vertical plane if one is at the equator, horizontal if one is at the pole, oblique if one is between two. At the equinox, this trajectory passes through the centered, at the solstice, it is tangent to a circle whose radius is equal to the sine of the inclination of the terrestrial axis.
  • the effective trajectory of the sun is not a plane, giving a straight line seen by the edge, but a helix with very fine pitch. We assimilate it to a plan, with inclination modification at midday and midnight.
  • the line representing the solar trajectory under the aforementioned conditions is straightened by ⁇ in the morning, from 12 a.m. to 12 p.m. and more by ⁇ in the afternoon, from 12 p.m. to 12 a.m.
  • ⁇ decreases, is zero- at the solstice and reverses after it. This is the reason why the values ⁇ (latitude) and ⁇ (complement to the angle formed by the terrestrial axis and the earth-sun line become ⁇ 'and ⁇ ', slightly modified in one direction in the morning and slightly changed in the other direction in the afternoon.
  • the latitudes can only be established up to a maximum of ⁇ 89 0 .
  • the latitude registers in LOC memories, as well as the workplace register, include locks preventing counting beyond 89.0 °.
  • the calculator can optionally deliver values greater than 890.
  • the entry by the door controlled by the UL pulse on the place counter is however arranged so that any account greater than 89, from 89.1 to 90.0 establishes the value 89, and also toggles a flip-flop which will modify the zero of 89.0 in the display of the latitude, so that we know that the latitude should be even higher. When this value is used as data, it will however simply be 89.0.
  • the counter In position 89, the counter of course prevents any correction increasing the absolute value of latitude, but it lifts all the interlocks which would oppose a counting decreasing this absolute value. This is the reason why the place counter receives both SCAR and SCAV information.
  • the other counters only receive the SCAR information, because the corrections are only sent in a correction situation and it suffices to distinguish SCAR from SCAV.
  • the general programs could be composed in a different way as for the individual programs which they bring into play.
  • the results should in any case be those indicated.
  • COREQ (24 - Deq) ⁇ 24 + 12 - HGMTeq + (Ancy O, 1, 2, 3) -6.
  • HGMTeq GMT time at the spring equinox. Deq, Ancy 0, 1, 2, 3: see PSEQ 1.
  • HLG (HTd - EHd) 24 hour mod with pos. (+) and neg. (-)
  • HLd ' (HLG - ES) 24 hour mod with pos reports. (+) and neg. (-) ES given from D TRd by DECODER D TR ⁇ ES.
  • D TR ' [D TRd + 1/6 BLOCOR (hours)] mod 1461 (in 1/4 day) following operations identical for PPR5 and PPR5 ', from D TR '.
  • PRO (Rposs + ) + ((
  • CHL Durable, or extended, CHL, CAS, CHS, CRL, CRD, CRDL commands control the AMP logic.
  • CAS and CHS control the preparation logic.
  • the command CPRl commands the program PPRl the command CPRl 'commands the program PPR1'
  • the command CPR2 commands the program PPR2
  • the command CPR3 commands the program PPR3, the command CPR3 'commands the program PPR'
  • the command CPR4 commands the program PPR4
  • the command CPR5 commands the PPR5 program
  • the command CPR6 commands the program PPR6, when you have CRL, it becomes CPR6 'and commands the program PPR6', and when the we have CRD, it becomes CPR6 "and commands the PPR6 program ''.
  • the CHL1-CHL3 commands respectively control the PlOE, PlOet 10 'programs; Pll, Pll ', P11' '.
  • the CASl-CAS7 commands respectively control the program P1, the program p2 and 2 ', the program p3, p3', the program p4a, p4a ', the program p8b, p8b', the program p9, p9 ', p9 ", the program p22.
  • the commands CHS1 and CHS8 successively control the program P4, the program P7, the program P6, the program P4a P4a ', the program Pla, the program P8a, P8a', the program P9, P9 ', P9 ", the program P22.
  • the CRL1-CRL8 commands successively control the program P13, the program P12, the program P17c, the program P4b, the program Plb, the program P8c, p8c ', the program P9, p9', p9 ", p9” sp, the program P22.
  • the CRpl-CRDl2 commands successively control the programs P13, P16 and 16 ', P17a, P18, P19, P20, P21, P4b, Plb, P8c P8c ', P9, P9', P9 "Sp and P22 (with the decoder D TR - ES).
  • the CRDL1 to CRDL 15 commands successively control the programs P13; P13M, P14; P15; P16 ; P17b ', P18; P19; P20; P21; P4b; Plb; P8c P8c'; P9, P9 ', P9 ", P9”sp; and P22, with the D RT -ES decoder.
  • the calculator programs include ROM memories, in the drawing, they have only been represented when particular values should be retained, such as for example the transfer values D TR - ⁇ , or even the memorization of different numbers of days, according to the months, as in the ROM memory for the dates (fig. 7a).
  • the calculator has specific elementary programs for general research programs to determine the date (via tilt and Iatitude). Once these two data have been established, either the solar height or the azimuth. solar would calculate the effective time of the solar survey. However, these two quantities are applied jointly, at the same level where, for alignments on the solar azimuth or the solar height, the local time is calculated, after having calculated the azimuth as a function of the height or vice versa, it i.e. at program level P8a, P8a 'P8b, P8b', P8c, P8c '.
  • the user can thus, by putting his watch in table I mode and leaving the time and date synchronized, follow minute by minute the developments of the sun or in any case have, at any time, time information available.
  • the realignment every minute only takes place if the hours in the table are synchronized with the current hours and if the realignment has not been ordered on a factor other than the hour.
  • the Dip cycle start pulse can still modify, if necessary, the synchronization sation of the hours, the realignment takes place only during the Dip 'pulse, which immediately follows the Dip pulse.
  • the timing circuit transmits, in addition to the pulses Dip and Dip 'and the pulse Fip, a pulse Mip, which must intervene in particular only after the command CHL1, while the logic AMP is already in the correct position.
  • This impulse also occurs in the set of doors and flip-flops du'bas of fig. 5a, where the various kinds of flashes are established, in particular for cases of double azimuth. The operation of this part of FIG. 5a is explained by the very logic diagram which is represented.

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EP81810235A 1980-06-10 1981-06-10 Elektronische Uhr, insbesondere Armbanduhr, mit digitaler Anzeige und geographisch-solaren Funktionen Expired EP0042360B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH445380A CH641310B (fr) 1980-06-10 1980-06-10 Montre electronique notamment montre-bracelet, a affichage digital, avec fonctions geographico-solaires.
CH4453/80 1980-06-10

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EP0042360A2 true EP0042360A2 (de) 1981-12-23
EP0042360A3 EP0042360A3 (en) 1981-12-30
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US (1) US4479722A (de)
EP (1) EP0042360B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS5724883A (de)
CH (1) CH641310B (de)
DE (1) DE3172316D1 (de)
HK (1) HK94687A (de)
SG (1) SG67187G (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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EP0154096A2 (de) * 1983-10-31 1985-09-11 George Shrime Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Erzeugen einer Zeitangabe für verschiedene Orte
FR2643473A1 (fr) * 1989-02-22 1990-08-24 Taleb Ahmed Appareil de signalisation d'au moins un evenement temporel
EP0400542A2 (de) * 1989-05-29 1990-12-05 Casio Computer Company Limited Anzeigevorrichtung für astronomische Daten
EP0660205A1 (de) * 1993-12-23 1995-06-28 Asulab S.A. Verfahren zur Ortsbestimmung und Uhr zur Ausführung dieses Verfahrens
WO2012059887A1 (fr) * 2010-11-04 2012-05-10 Jean-Pierre Horvath Montre comprenant une indication astronomique

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US4669891A (en) * 1986-06-19 1987-06-02 Rosevear John M Area code twilight clock
US4998229A (en) * 1987-12-21 1991-03-05 Seikosha Co., Ltd. Programmable world timepiece with automatic restoration mode
US5208790A (en) * 1989-05-29 1993-05-04 Casio Computer Co., Ltd. Astronomical data indicating device
US5982710A (en) * 1997-03-14 1999-11-09 Rawat; Prem P. Method and apparatus for providing time using cartesian coordinates
US20030223313A1 (en) * 2002-05-28 2003-12-04 Su Keng Kuei Time zone setting device
US7702651B1 (en) * 2002-12-31 2010-04-20 Teradata Us, Inc. Spatially defined universal dates
US7636276B2 (en) * 2006-01-03 2009-12-22 Alan Navarre Device for measurement of geo-solar time parameters
US7852711B1 (en) * 2008-02-25 2010-12-14 Pillar, LLC Portable device using location determination and MEMS timekeeping to update and keep time
US9563232B2 (en) * 2014-06-19 2017-02-07 Umm Al-Qura University Wrist-mounted device to assist pilgrims

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FR2282130A1 (fr) * 1974-08-15 1976-03-12 Bulova Watch Co Inc Dispositif d'horlogerie electronique a etat solide
FR2295470A1 (fr) * 1974-12-20 1976-07-16 Seiko Instr & Electronics Montre electronique a affichage numerique
FR2327583A1 (fr) * 1975-10-09 1977-05-06 Seiko Instr & Electronics Dispositif d'horlogerie electronique numerique
US4077032A (en) * 1976-01-07 1978-02-28 Volkman S Alan Electronic display apparatus
JPS53124478A (en) * 1977-02-10 1978-10-30 Salah Ibrahim Electronic timepiece
US4136397A (en) * 1977-10-03 1979-01-23 Pierce Darrel J Astronomical timepiece
DE2742242A1 (de) * 1977-09-20 1979-03-22 Ernst Ing Grad Roethke Digitale zeiger-zifferblatt-uhr mit analog-anzeigesymbolik

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JPS5331170A (en) * 1976-09-03 1978-03-24 Seiko Epson Corp Electronic watch
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FR2282130A1 (fr) * 1974-08-15 1976-03-12 Bulova Watch Co Inc Dispositif d'horlogerie electronique a etat solide
FR2295470A1 (fr) * 1974-12-20 1976-07-16 Seiko Instr & Electronics Montre electronique a affichage numerique
FR2327583A1 (fr) * 1975-10-09 1977-05-06 Seiko Instr & Electronics Dispositif d'horlogerie electronique numerique
US4077032A (en) * 1976-01-07 1978-02-28 Volkman S Alan Electronic display apparatus
JPS53124478A (en) * 1977-02-10 1978-10-30 Salah Ibrahim Electronic timepiece
DE2742242A1 (de) * 1977-09-20 1979-03-22 Ernst Ing Grad Roethke Digitale zeiger-zifferblatt-uhr mit analog-anzeigesymbolik
US4136397A (en) * 1977-10-03 1979-01-23 Pierce Darrel J Astronomical timepiece

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0154096A2 (de) * 1983-10-31 1985-09-11 George Shrime Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Erzeugen einer Zeitangabe für verschiedene Orte
EP0154096A3 (de) * 1983-10-31 1986-08-20 George Shrime Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Erzeugen einer Zeitangabe für verschiedene Orte
FR2643473A1 (fr) * 1989-02-22 1990-08-24 Taleb Ahmed Appareil de signalisation d'au moins un evenement temporel
EP0400542A2 (de) * 1989-05-29 1990-12-05 Casio Computer Company Limited Anzeigevorrichtung für astronomische Daten
EP0400542A3 (de) * 1989-05-29 1992-01-22 Casio Computer Company Limited Anzeigevorrichtung für astronomische Daten
EP0660205A1 (de) * 1993-12-23 1995-06-28 Asulab S.A. Verfahren zur Ortsbestimmung und Uhr zur Ausführung dieses Verfahrens
CH686469GA3 (fr) * 1993-12-23 1996-04-15 Etienne Bornand Piece d'horlogerie permettant de faire le point.
US5598381A (en) * 1993-12-23 1997-01-28 Asulab S.A. Method for taking directions and timepiece intended to make use of this method
WO2012059887A1 (fr) * 2010-11-04 2012-05-10 Jean-Pierre Horvath Montre comprenant une indication astronomique

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EP0042360B1 (de) 1985-09-18
DE3172316D1 (en) 1985-10-24
HK94687A (en) 1987-12-18
SG67187G (en) 1988-09-16
EP0042360A3 (en) 1981-12-30
US4479722A (en) 1984-10-30
CH641310B (fr)
CH641310GA3 (de) 1984-02-29
JPS5724883A (en) 1982-02-09

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