EP0040998B1 - Oscillateur hyperfréquence à interaction étendue - Google Patents

Oscillateur hyperfréquence à interaction étendue Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0040998B1
EP0040998B1 EP81400706A EP81400706A EP0040998B1 EP 0040998 B1 EP0040998 B1 EP 0040998B1 EP 81400706 A EP81400706 A EP 81400706A EP 81400706 A EP81400706 A EP 81400706A EP 0040998 B1 EP0040998 B1 EP 0040998B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cavity
oscillator
oscillator according
vanes
successive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81400706A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0040998A1 (fr
Inventor
Bernard Epsztein
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thales SA
Original Assignee
Thomson CSF SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thomson CSF SA filed Critical Thomson CSF SA
Publication of EP0040998A1 publication Critical patent/EP0040998A1/fr
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
    • H01J23/16—Circuit elements, having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube and interacting with the discharge
    • H01J23/24—Slow-wave structures, e.g. delay systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
    • H01J25/02—Tubes with electron stream modulated in velocity or density in a modulator zone and thereafter giving up energy in an inducing zone, the zones being associated with one or more resonators
    • H01J25/10—Klystrons, i.e. tubes having two or more resonators, without reflection of the electron stream, and in which the stream is modulated mainly by velocity in the zone of the input resonator
    • H01J25/11—Extended interaction klystrons

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an extended interaction microwave oscillator.
  • Extended interaction oscillators are well known in the prior art. In English, refer to them as "extended interaction oscillators" or E.I.O.
  • oscillators are mainly used towards millimeter wavelengths as measurement oscillators or as heterodyne radar transmitters and receivers. They consist of a relatively short periodical line section, since it generally only comprises around ten identical stages. This line generally comprises a succession of metal bars and slots or a series of metal valves, identical or not (case of the structure of the "rising sun” type). This line section is contained in a vacuum-tight housing.
  • a linear electron beam crosses the line or licks it, however, a microwave wave is created which propagates inside the housing.
  • the oscillation generally occurs in the 7 r mode.
  • the present invention relates to an extended interaction oscillator which does not have these drawbacks.
  • the extended interaction oscillator comprises a line with periodic structure constituted by a succession of valves, these valves being traversed or licked by a linear electron beam.
  • Coupling orifices between the valves and the cavity are provided on the cavity, between two successive valves and at regular intervals.
  • the beam anode voltage, the distances between two successive valves and between two successive coupling orifices are fixed so that the transit time of the electron beam from one coupling orifice to the next is close depending on the operating mode chosen ( ⁇ , 2 ⁇ , 3 ⁇ ), the period, or a multiple of the period, of the electric field whose wavelength is the cut-off wavelength of the cavity (Ac), the frequency of oscillations of the oscillator being equal to the cut-off frequency of the cavity.
  • a coupling device makes it possible to draw from the cavity the energy output from the oscillator.
  • Figure 1 relates to a perspective view of an extended interaction oscillator according to the prior art.
  • This oscillator comprises a delay line 1 which consists of two identical metal plates which face each other. Each of these plates comprises the succession at regular intervals of two types of slots of unequal lengths: a small slot 2 and a large slot 3; the slots of the same name of the two plates are opposite. This is therefore a delay line 1 which comprises a succession of metal bars and slots.
  • This delay line 1 is contained in a vacuum-tight housing 4.
  • a linear electron beam is produced by an electron gun, not shown in the figure and which is located at one end of the housing 4.
  • This electron beam propagates between the two plates which constitute the delay line 1 according to an axis 00 'which is the longitudinal axis of the housing 4.
  • this electron beam is collected on a collector which is not shown.
  • a magnetic focus not shown and constituted in a completely conventional manner by a solenoid or a permanent magnet, guides the electron beam along the axis 00 '.
  • FIG. 2 relates to a perspective view of an embodiment of an extended interaction oscillator according to the invention and FIG. 3 relates to a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the oscillator according to the invention .
  • the extended interaction oscillator according to the invention comprises a line with periodic structure 1 which is constituted by the succession at regular intervals of valves 5.
  • Each valve is pierced with an orifice 6, as shown in FIG. 2, or has a slot 11, as in FIG. 3.
  • a linear electron beam propagates along the axis 00 'which passes through the middle of the slots or holes.
  • This electron beam is emitted by an electron gun, focused along the axis 00 'by a magnetic focuser and finally, received by a collector; all these elements, barrel, focusing and collector, are well known in the prior art and are not shown in the figures.
  • the electron beam can also be a flat beam which licks the upper edge of the valves 5 which then have neither orifice nor slot.
  • Line 1 surmounts an almost completely closed cavity 7 which is rectilinear.
  • the section of this cavity can take various forms; it can be circular for example. However, the cavity is most often formed by a straight parallelepiped whose section is a rectangle or a square. This is the case in FIG. 3 where the section of the cavity has the dimensions a along the horizontal and b along the vertical.
  • the oscillator according to the invention comprises coupling orifices 8 between the valves and the cavity. These orifices are formed by slots drilled in the cavity between two successive valves and at regular intervals. In Figure 2, there is a coupling slot 8 in a gap between two valves.
  • a coupling device makes it possible to take the output energy from the oscillator: this device can be constituted by a rectangular guide 9 connected to the cavity via an iris and extended by a flange 10.
  • the cavity behaving like a waveguide at the cutoff frequency along the axis 00 'and in a tm min mode, the electric field which prevails inside the cavity is invariant along the longitudinal axis PP 'of the cavity which is parallel to 00'.
  • the electric field E is symbolically represented in FIG. 2 by an arrow in broken line carried by the axis PP '.
  • the coupling orifices 8 are therefore excited in phase by the electric field
  • the anode voltage which determines the speed of the electron beam and the distance between two successive valves are chosen so that the transit time of the electron beam from one coupling orifice to the next is close to the period of the electric field whose wavelength is ⁇ c .
  • the electron beam is thus braked by the electric field to which it transfers energy at the level of the coupling orifices, producing the useful microwave energy and maintaining oscillation.
  • a resonant regime is thus established in the cavity at the cutoff frequency of the waveguide to which the cavity can be assimilated.
  • the oscillation frequency of the oscillator according to the invention is the cutoff frequency of the waveguide to which the cavity 7 pierced with coupling orifices 8 can be assimilated. These are therefore the dimensions of the cavity which are important for setting the frequency of oscillations and not those of the valves as is the case for the oscillator of the prior art.
  • Figure 3 there is shown schematically how it is possible to vary the horizontal dimension a of the base of the cavity formed by a right parallelepiped using a vertical piston 12. It would also be possible to vary the dimension b of the cavity.

Landscapes

  • Inductance-Capacitance Distribution Constants And Capacitance-Resistance Oscillators (AREA)
  • Stabilization Of Oscillater, Synchronisation, Frequency Synthesizers (AREA)
EP81400706A 1980-05-23 1981-05-05 Oscillateur hyperfréquence à interaction étendue Expired EP0040998B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8011552 1980-05-23
FR8011552A FR2483125A1 (fr) 1980-05-23 1980-05-23 Oscillateur hyperfrequence a interaction etendue

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0040998A1 EP0040998A1 (fr) 1981-12-02
EP0040998B1 true EP0040998B1 (fr) 1984-02-22

Family

ID=9242286

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81400706A Expired EP0040998B1 (fr) 1980-05-23 1981-05-05 Oscillateur hyperfréquence à interaction étendue

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4439746A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
EP (1) EP0040998B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5720005A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA1173120A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE3162346D1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2483125A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2581255B1 (fr) * 1985-04-30 1989-01-06 Onera (Off Nat Aerospatiale) Dephaseur en micro-ondes, notamment en ondes millimetriques, a commande piezoelectrique
US4890036A (en) * 1987-12-08 1989-12-26 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States National Aeronautics And Space Administration Miniature traveling wave tube and method of making
JPH01270117A (ja) * 1988-04-22 1989-10-27 Fanuc Ltd 出力回路
CN101281849B (zh) * 2008-01-09 2011-03-23 中国科学院电子学研究所 抑制多注速调管高次模振荡和降低杂谱电平的装置
CN101707174B (zh) * 2009-04-29 2011-11-16 中国科学院电子学研究所 一种抑制多注速调管双间隙耦合腔π模振荡的装置

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2411953A (en) * 1944-01-10 1946-12-03 Raytheon Mfg Co Electron discharge device of the magnetron type
US2552334A (en) * 1945-03-02 1951-05-08 Rca Corp Electron discharge device and associated circuit
FR987573A (fr) * 1949-04-05 1951-08-16 Csf Tube à champ magnétique constant pour la production d'ondes cention?riques et millimétriques
NL86160C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1951-02-16
FR1173546A (fr) * 1957-04-09 1959-02-26 Thomson Houston Comp Francaise Perfectionnement du magnétron multicavités à circuit de stabilisation oscillant sur un mode à champ électrique circulaire
US2951182A (en) * 1957-11-25 1960-08-30 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Magnetron
FR1472704A (fr) * 1965-03-31 1967-03-10 Elliott Brothers London Ltd Oscillateur klystron
GB1189353A (en) * 1967-04-04 1970-04-22 English Electric Valve Co Ltd Improvements relating to Crossfield Discharge Tube Devices
US3471744A (en) * 1967-09-01 1969-10-07 Varian Associates Coaxial magnetron having a segmented ring slot mode absorber

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5720005A (en) 1982-02-02
DE3162346D1 (en) 1984-03-29
FR2483125A1 (fr) 1981-11-27
EP0040998A1 (fr) 1981-12-02
FR2483125B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1982-12-03
US4439746A (en) 1984-03-27
CA1173120A (en) 1984-08-21

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