EP0040998B1 - Oszillator mit verlängertem Wechselwirkungsbereich - Google Patents

Oszillator mit verlängertem Wechselwirkungsbereich Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0040998B1
EP0040998B1 EP81400706A EP81400706A EP0040998B1 EP 0040998 B1 EP0040998 B1 EP 0040998B1 EP 81400706 A EP81400706 A EP 81400706A EP 81400706 A EP81400706 A EP 81400706A EP 0040998 B1 EP0040998 B1 EP 0040998B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cavity
oscillator
oscillator according
vanes
successive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81400706A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0040998A1 (de
Inventor
Bernard Epsztein
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thales SA
Original Assignee
Thomson CSF SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thomson CSF SA filed Critical Thomson CSF SA
Publication of EP0040998A1 publication Critical patent/EP0040998A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0040998B1 publication Critical patent/EP0040998B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
    • H01J23/16—Circuit elements, having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube and interacting with the discharge
    • H01J23/24—Slow-wave structures, e.g. delay systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
    • H01J25/02—Tubes with electron stream modulated in velocity or density in a modulator zone and thereafter giving up energy in an inducing zone, the zones being associated with one or more resonators
    • H01J25/10—Klystrons, i.e. tubes having two or more resonators, without reflection of the electron stream, and in which the stream is modulated mainly by velocity in the zone of the input resonator
    • H01J25/11—Extended interaction klystrons

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an extended interaction microwave oscillator.
  • Extended interaction oscillators are well known in the prior art. In English, refer to them as "extended interaction oscillators" or E.I.O.
  • oscillators are mainly used towards millimeter wavelengths as measurement oscillators or as heterodyne radar transmitters and receivers. They consist of a relatively short periodical line section, since it generally only comprises around ten identical stages. This line generally comprises a succession of metal bars and slots or a series of metal valves, identical or not (case of the structure of the "rising sun” type). This line section is contained in a vacuum-tight housing.
  • a linear electron beam crosses the line or licks it, however, a microwave wave is created which propagates inside the housing.
  • the oscillation generally occurs in the 7 r mode.
  • the present invention relates to an extended interaction oscillator which does not have these drawbacks.
  • the extended interaction oscillator comprises a line with periodic structure constituted by a succession of valves, these valves being traversed or licked by a linear electron beam.
  • Coupling orifices between the valves and the cavity are provided on the cavity, between two successive valves and at regular intervals.
  • the beam anode voltage, the distances between two successive valves and between two successive coupling orifices are fixed so that the transit time of the electron beam from one coupling orifice to the next is close depending on the operating mode chosen ( ⁇ , 2 ⁇ , 3 ⁇ ), the period, or a multiple of the period, of the electric field whose wavelength is the cut-off wavelength of the cavity (Ac), the frequency of oscillations of the oscillator being equal to the cut-off frequency of the cavity.
  • a coupling device makes it possible to draw from the cavity the energy output from the oscillator.
  • Figure 1 relates to a perspective view of an extended interaction oscillator according to the prior art.
  • This oscillator comprises a delay line 1 which consists of two identical metal plates which face each other. Each of these plates comprises the succession at regular intervals of two types of slots of unequal lengths: a small slot 2 and a large slot 3; the slots of the same name of the two plates are opposite. This is therefore a delay line 1 which comprises a succession of metal bars and slots.
  • This delay line 1 is contained in a vacuum-tight housing 4.
  • a linear electron beam is produced by an electron gun, not shown in the figure and which is located at one end of the housing 4.
  • This electron beam propagates between the two plates which constitute the delay line 1 according to an axis 00 'which is the longitudinal axis of the housing 4.
  • this electron beam is collected on a collector which is not shown.
  • a magnetic focus not shown and constituted in a completely conventional manner by a solenoid or a permanent magnet, guides the electron beam along the axis 00 '.
  • FIG. 2 relates to a perspective view of an embodiment of an extended interaction oscillator according to the invention and FIG. 3 relates to a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the oscillator according to the invention .
  • the extended interaction oscillator according to the invention comprises a line with periodic structure 1 which is constituted by the succession at regular intervals of valves 5.
  • Each valve is pierced with an orifice 6, as shown in FIG. 2, or has a slot 11, as in FIG. 3.
  • a linear electron beam propagates along the axis 00 'which passes through the middle of the slots or holes.
  • This electron beam is emitted by an electron gun, focused along the axis 00 'by a magnetic focuser and finally, received by a collector; all these elements, barrel, focusing and collector, are well known in the prior art and are not shown in the figures.
  • the electron beam can also be a flat beam which licks the upper edge of the valves 5 which then have neither orifice nor slot.
  • Line 1 surmounts an almost completely closed cavity 7 which is rectilinear.
  • the section of this cavity can take various forms; it can be circular for example. However, the cavity is most often formed by a straight parallelepiped whose section is a rectangle or a square. This is the case in FIG. 3 where the section of the cavity has the dimensions a along the horizontal and b along the vertical.
  • the oscillator according to the invention comprises coupling orifices 8 between the valves and the cavity. These orifices are formed by slots drilled in the cavity between two successive valves and at regular intervals. In Figure 2, there is a coupling slot 8 in a gap between two valves.
  • a coupling device makes it possible to take the output energy from the oscillator: this device can be constituted by a rectangular guide 9 connected to the cavity via an iris and extended by a flange 10.
  • the cavity behaving like a waveguide at the cutoff frequency along the axis 00 'and in a tm min mode, the electric field which prevails inside the cavity is invariant along the longitudinal axis PP 'of the cavity which is parallel to 00'.
  • the electric field E is symbolically represented in FIG. 2 by an arrow in broken line carried by the axis PP '.
  • the coupling orifices 8 are therefore excited in phase by the electric field
  • the anode voltage which determines the speed of the electron beam and the distance between two successive valves are chosen so that the transit time of the electron beam from one coupling orifice to the next is close to the period of the electric field whose wavelength is ⁇ c .
  • the electron beam is thus braked by the electric field to which it transfers energy at the level of the coupling orifices, producing the useful microwave energy and maintaining oscillation.
  • a resonant regime is thus established in the cavity at the cutoff frequency of the waveguide to which the cavity can be assimilated.
  • the oscillation frequency of the oscillator according to the invention is the cutoff frequency of the waveguide to which the cavity 7 pierced with coupling orifices 8 can be assimilated. These are therefore the dimensions of the cavity which are important for setting the frequency of oscillations and not those of the valves as is the case for the oscillator of the prior art.
  • Figure 3 there is shown schematically how it is possible to vary the horizontal dimension a of the base of the cavity formed by a right parallelepiped using a vertical piston 12. It would also be possible to vary the dimension b of the cavity.

Landscapes

  • Inductance-Capacitance Distribution Constants And Capacitance-Resistance Oscillators (AREA)
  • Stabilization Of Oscillater, Synchronisation, Frequency Synthesizers (AREA)

Claims (10)

1. Mikrowellenoszillator mit großen Wechselwirkungsbereich und mit einer eine periodische Struktur aufweisenden Leitung, die aus einer Aufeinanderfolge von Flügeln (5) gebildet ist welche von einem linienförmigen Elektronenbündel durchquert oder gestreift werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß:
-diese Leitung auf einen geradlinigen Hohlraum (7) aufgesetzt ist, deren Querschnittsabmessungen so ausgelegt sind, daß sie sich wie ein Wellenleiter bei der Grenzfrequenz verhält, der entlang der Längsachse (00') der Leitung verläuft und im magnetischen Transversalmode TMmn arbeitet, mit m=1, 3, 5 ... und n=1, 2, 3, 4 ...;
- Kopplungsöffnungen (8) zwischen den Flügeln und dem Hohlraum an diesem zwischen zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Flügeln und in regelmäßigen Abständen vorgesehen sind, wobei die Anodenspannung des Bündels, die Abstände zwischen zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Flügeln und zwischen zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Kopplungsöffnungen so festgelegt sind, daß die Laufzeit des Elektronenbündels von einer Kopplungsöffnung (8) zur nächsten je nach dem gewählten Betriebsmodus (π, 2π, 3π) ungefähr gleich der Periode oder einem Vielfachen der Periode des elektrischen Feldes ist, dessen Wellenlänge die Wellenlänge für die Grenzfrequenz (λc) des Hohlraums ist, wobei die Schwingungsfrequenz des Oszillators gleich der Grenzfrequenz des Hohlraums ist;
- eine Kopplungsvorrichtung (9) die Abnahme der Ausgangsenergie des Oszillators an den Hohlraum gestattet.
2. Oszillator nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jeder Flügel (5) von einer Öffnung (6) durchbrochen ist oder einen Schlitz (11) aufweist, worin sich das Elektronenbündel aus breitet.
3. Oszillator nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schwingung sich mit dem Modus 7r oder 37r ausbildet und daß der Abstand zwischen zwei aufeinander folgenden Kopplungsöffnungen (8) das Doppelte des Abstandes zwischen zwei aufeinander folgenden Flügeln (5) beträgt.
4. Oszillator nach einem der Ansprüche 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schwingung mit dem Modus 2π auftritt und daß der Abstand zwischen zwei zufeinanderfolgenden Kopplungsöffnungen (8) gleich demjenigen zwischen zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Flügeln (5) ist.
5. Oszillator nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Hohlraum (7) ein gerader Quader ist, dessen Basis ein Rechteck oder Quadrat der Abmessungen a und b ist, wobei die Abmessungen a und b in Beziehung zur Grenzwellenlänge Ac des Hohlraums und zu den Incides m und n stehen:
Figure imgb0004
6. Oszillator nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er eine dämpfende Substanz (13) umfaßt, die durch eine Metallmaske (14) an den Längsrändern des Hohlraums (7) geschützt ist.
7. Oszillator nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er eine dämpfende Substanz (13) umfaßt, welche durch eine Metallmaske (15) an den Enden der Kopplungsöffnungen (8) auf beiden Seiten der Flügel (5) geschützt ist.
8. Oszillator nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er einen Kolben (12) umfaßt, der eine Veränderung der Dimensionen a oder b des Hohlraumes gestattet, wobei dieser Kolben nur mit den beiden Wänden in Berührung ist, welche den Hohlraum verschließen und senkrecht zur Längsachse (PP') des Hohlraums (7) sind.
9. Oszillator nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die dämpfende Substanz (13) in der Dicke des beweglichen Kolbens (12) angeordnet ist.
EP81400706A 1980-05-23 1981-05-05 Oszillator mit verlängertem Wechselwirkungsbereich Expired EP0040998B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8011552A FR2483125A1 (fr) 1980-05-23 1980-05-23 Oscillateur hyperfrequence a interaction etendue
FR8011552 1980-05-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0040998A1 EP0040998A1 (de) 1981-12-02
EP0040998B1 true EP0040998B1 (de) 1984-02-22

Family

ID=9242286

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81400706A Expired EP0040998B1 (de) 1980-05-23 1981-05-05 Oszillator mit verlängertem Wechselwirkungsbereich

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4439746A (de)
EP (1) EP0040998B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS5720005A (de)
CA (1) CA1173120A (de)
DE (1) DE3162346D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2483125A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2581255B1 (fr) * 1985-04-30 1989-01-06 Onera (Off Nat Aerospatiale) Dephaseur en micro-ondes, notamment en ondes millimetriques, a commande piezoelectrique
US4890036A (en) * 1987-12-08 1989-12-26 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States National Aeronautics And Space Administration Miniature traveling wave tube and method of making
JPH01270117A (ja) * 1988-04-22 1989-10-27 Fanuc Ltd 出力回路
CN101281849B (zh) * 2008-01-09 2011-03-23 中国科学院电子学研究所 抑制多注速调管高次模振荡和降低杂谱电平的装置
CN101707174B (zh) * 2009-04-29 2011-11-16 中国科学院电子学研究所 一种抑制多注速调管双间隙耦合腔π模振荡的装置

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2411953A (en) * 1944-01-10 1946-12-03 Raytheon Mfg Co Electron discharge device of the magnetron type
US2552334A (en) * 1945-03-02 1951-05-08 Rca Corp Electron discharge device and associated circuit
FR987573A (fr) * 1949-04-05 1951-08-16 Csf Tube à champ magnétique constant pour la production d'ondes cention?riques et millimétriques
NL86160C (de) * 1951-02-16
FR1173546A (fr) * 1957-04-09 1959-02-26 Thomson Houston Comp Francaise Perfectionnement du magnétron multicavités à circuit de stabilisation oscillant sur un mode à champ électrique circulaire
US2951182A (en) * 1957-11-25 1960-08-30 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Magnetron
FR1472704A (fr) * 1965-03-31 1967-03-10 Elliott Brothers London Ltd Oscillateur klystron
GB1189353A (en) * 1967-04-04 1970-04-22 English Electric Valve Co Ltd Improvements relating to Crossfield Discharge Tube Devices
US3471744A (en) * 1967-09-01 1969-10-07 Varian Associates Coaxial magnetron having a segmented ring slot mode absorber

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2483125A1 (fr) 1981-11-27
JPS5720005A (en) 1982-02-02
DE3162346D1 (en) 1984-03-29
EP0040998A1 (de) 1981-12-02
FR2483125B1 (de) 1982-12-03
US4439746A (en) 1984-03-27
CA1173120A (en) 1984-08-21

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0013242B1 (de) Generator für elektromagnetische Wellen sehr hoher Frequenz
EP0014115B1 (de) Abstimmbarer mit magnetostatischen Wellen arbeitender Hochfrequenzoszillator
FR2541047A1 (fr) Resonateur a cavite pour un etalon de frequence atomique
EP0117178A1 (de) Mikrowellenfilter mit linienförmigen Resonatoren
EP0114140A1 (de) Abstimmbarer Mikrowellenfilter mit dielektrischen Resonatoren im TM010 Modus
EP0040998B1 (de) Oszillator mit verlängertem Wechselwirkungsbereich
EP2658032B1 (de) Hornstrahler einer Antenne mit gewelltem Gitter
FR3004294A1 (fr) Dispositif et procede de generation d'un rayonnement smith-purcell coherent.
FR2813995A1 (fr) Coupleur directionnel, dispositif d'antenne et systeme de radar
FR2555823A1 (fr) Dispositif d'excitation d'une fente non excentree taillee sur le grand cote d'un guide d'onde et antenne a fentes comportant un tel dispositif
FR2599565A1 (fr) Lasertron a faisceaux multiples.
Fallnich et al. Experimental investigation and numerical simulation of the influence of resonator-length detuning on the output power, pulse duration and spectral width of a cw mode-locked picosecond optical parametric oscillator
FR2510815A1 (fr) Circuit en echelle pour tube a ondes progressives
FR2676289A1 (fr) Oscillateur parametrique pulse susceptible d'etre accorde en mode longitudinal unique.
EP0021909B1 (de) Stabilisierter Hyperfrequenzoszillator mit Frequenzumsetzung und seine Festkörperausführung
EP0124396A1 (de) Elektronenstrahlinjektionsgerät für einen Mikrowellengenerator
FR2470457A1 (fr) Antenne a reseau a fentes avec distribution d'amplitude dans une petite ouverture circulaire
EP0022401A1 (de) Breitbandpolarisator mit niedrigem Elliptizitätsgrad und Mikrowellengerät mit einem solchen Polarisator
EP0122186B1 (de) Mikrowellenerzeuger
EP0762529B1 (de) Iris-Polarisator für Antennenprimärstrahler
FR2519475A1 (fr) Dispositif selectif accordable a ondes magnetostatiques de volume
FR2833428A1 (fr) Oscillateur haute frequence
EP1680799B1 (de) Mikrowellenröhre mit geringer störstrahlung
FR2789216A1 (fr) Generateur de puissance electrique
BE515929A (de)

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): DE GB NL

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19811210

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): DE GB NL

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 3162346

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19840329

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19890424

Year of fee payment: 9

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 19890430

Year of fee payment: 9

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 19890531

Year of fee payment: 9

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Effective date: 19900505

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Effective date: 19901201

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee
NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Effective date: 19910201