EP0039963B1 - Tower crane - Google Patents

Tower crane Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0039963B1
EP0039963B1 EP81200430A EP81200430A EP0039963B1 EP 0039963 B1 EP0039963 B1 EP 0039963B1 EP 81200430 A EP81200430 A EP 81200430A EP 81200430 A EP81200430 A EP 81200430A EP 0039963 B1 EP0039963 B1 EP 0039963B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
jib
pylon
cable
crab
foot part
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81200430A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0039963A1 (en
Inventor
Karel Helena August Theyskens
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
Priority claimed from BE2/58514A external-priority patent/BE882845A/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT81200430T priority Critical patent/ATE5871T1/en
Publication of EP0039963A1 publication Critical patent/EP0039963A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0039963B1 publication Critical patent/EP0039963B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C11/00—Trolleys or crabs, e.g. operating above runways
    • B66C11/16—Rope, cable, or chain drives for trolleys; Combinations of such drives with hoisting gear
    • B66C11/18—Rope, cable, or chain drives for trolleys; Combinations of such drives with hoisting gear comprising endless ropes or cables

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a tower crane which comprises a mast and a telescopic boom mounted on the latter, with a carriage, this boom comprising at least two extendable parts, namely a foot part fixed to the mast and a tip part. sliding, each of them having a rolling track extending in its longitudinal direction for the carriage, the boom being provided with means for locking the two parts relative to each other, the crane having a winch and a cable fixed to the latter, for the extension and withdrawal of the boom as well as for the movement of the carriage on the boom, a first part of which can circulate the carriage from the mast, is integral with this carriage and extends via at least one cable pulley mounted at the far end of the mast, from the tip of the boom, towards the winch, while a second part which can circulate the carriage towards the mast is also attached to it hoist and extends via at least one cable pulley mounted on the end situated on the side of the mast, from the foot part of the boom, towards the winch, the two parts of the cable being wound in such a
  • a tower crane of this kind is described in FR-A-2190711.
  • the first part of cable extends from the cable pulley on the far end of the mast, from the tip part of the boom, towards the mast to pass on a cable pulley which is mounted on the end directed towards the mast of this point part, then moves away from the mast and passes around a cable pulley which is mounted on the far end of the mast, from the foot part of the boom.
  • This first part then returns to the mast, where it is wound on the winch drum which is mounted on the foot part of the boom near the mast.
  • the second part of the cable extends from the carriage directly towards the end situated on the mast, from the foot part of the boom and is wound there on the winch drum.
  • the carriage In order to allow the carriage to move over the entire length of the boom in the extended position, it cooperates with a false carriage. If the carriage can roll directly on the track of the foot part, it can only roll on the track of the tip part via the false carriage to which it must be coupled. The carriage therefore moves together with the false carriage on the boom in the retracted position or on the tip part in the extended boom position and moves alone on the foot portion of the boom in the extended position.
  • the coupling or uncoupling of the carriage relative to the false carriage is done automatically each time the carriage passes from the foot part to the tip part or vice versa.
  • the first part of the cable can circulate the assembly formed by the carriage and the false carriage from the mast when the boom is set back and its parts are interconnected.
  • the boom portions are released from each other while the set of carriages is made integral with the tip portion of the arrow.
  • the assembly Using the first part of the cable, it is then possible to bring the boom in extension, the above-mentioned assembly then accompanying the movement of the tip part of the boom.
  • the assembly To return the boom to the retracted position, the assembly must first be relocked on the free end of the tip part of the boom.
  • the assembly is pulled towards the mast, with the result that the tip part of the arrow enters the foot part.
  • the boom parts are automatically coupled together, while the carriage is automatically released from the false carriage and the latter is coupled to the point part, so that the carriage can then be caused to circulate by means of the second part of cable on the foot part of the boom.
  • An equivalent crane is described in FR-A-463 533.
  • This crane differs from the known crane described above in that the two parts of cable are replaced by a single endless chain, the winch being replaced by a chain wheel driven and in that the carriage can move without false carriage from the mast to the tip of the boom in the extended position.
  • the endless chain follows a path similar to that followed by the two parts of cable in the crane described above. As a result, the carriage moves with the tip portion of the boom both during extension and when removing this arrow.
  • This crane therefore has the same disadvantages as the known crane described above, apart from the disadvantages arising from the use of a false carriage.
  • the object of the invention is to eliminate these drawbacks and to offer a tower crane which comprises a mast and a telescopic boom mounted on the latter, with a carriage which can be brought in a very simple manner to circulate over the entire length of the boom, the latter being in full extension as well as completely in withdrawal, the boom can be brought into the extended position without the carriage moving, this carriage being able to remain on the foot part, while mechanisms for Complex locks to lock the carriage on the boom are not required for removal or extension of the boom.
  • the first part of the cable extends via the cable pulley on the far end of the mast, from the tip part of the boom, directly towards the mast, at least up to the part at the foot of the boom, so that this part of cable can not only make the carriage circulate towards the end of the boom remote from the mast but also, when the movement of the carriage in the direction of the far end of the mast, of the tip part of the boom is prevented, can pull this tip part in the foot part of the boom, while the second part of cable passes first on the cable pulley at the end located on the side from the mast, from the boom foot part, but then moves away from the mast again to a cable pulley which is mounted at the far end of the mast, from this boom foot part, comes back around of this pulley in the direction of the mast, passes over at least one cable pulley at the end directed towards the The mast, from the tip part of the boom, then moves away from the mast again and finally passing over a second cable pulley mounted at the far end of the mast, from the foot part of
  • the carriage can be at one end of the boom, while the part of cable connected to this carriage which carries out or withdraws the boom, exerts traction in the direction opposite to the direction of sliding of the tip part of the arrow, so that it suffices that the carriage is held against a stop at the end of the arrow and no mechanism for engaging and disengaging the carriage with the arrow is not necessary.
  • the return or exit of the boom can also take place when the carriage is not at one end of the boom, but then this carriage must be locked on a part of the boom.
  • a simple blocking mechanism can be used for this purpose, which can for example be manually operated remotely. In any case, the carriage can always be moved over the entire length of the boom, without the latter retracting or coming out, regardless of also the sliding position of the boom.
  • the winch is mounted on the end situated on the side of the mast, of the foot part of the boom, and the ends, extending up to the foot part of the arrow, two parts of the cable are fixed directly to the winch drum at this end of the foot part.
  • the two cable parts are separate parts which are each fixed by one end to the carriage and by their other end are wound in the opposite direction on the drum of the winch and are fixed to it.
  • the figure is a schematic side elevational view of part of a tower crane according to the invention.
  • the tower crane comprises a mast 1, which can also be telescopic and which is mounted either fixedly, or with a possibility of pivoting on a frame not shown in the figure.
  • the mast 1 carries an arrow which is constituted by a foot part 2 and a tip part 3 which can slide inwards and outwards from the part 2.
  • This foot part 2 can be rigidly fixed. , in rotation or as shown in an articulated manner by an articulation 4 at the top of the mast 1.
  • the alignment of the articulated boom takes place in a known manner using a cable not shown in the figure which, from on the other hand, is fixed to the leg part 2 and, on the other hand, extends via a cable pulley on a tower, towards a winch.
  • the latter no more than the tower, articulated for example on the mast side end of the leg part 2, is shown in the figure.
  • the mast 1 is commonly made of a wire mesh, not shown in the figure.
  • the two parts 1 and 2 of the arrow also are made of a wire mesh which has not been shown for the sake of clarity in the figure.
  • the foot part 2 forms a channel in the shape of an inverted U, which is completely open on the lower side.
  • the tip part 3 of the arrow 2, 3 forms a laterally closed box of trellis with approximately triangular cross section, which fits into the above-mentioned channel formed by the leg part 2.
  • the carriage 14 is suspended from the foot part 2 and / or the tip part 3 of the arrow 2, 3 by means of two sets of rollers which cooperate respectively with a raceway of the foot part 2 and a track of the tip part 3.
  • the carriage 14 In the boom extension position, the carriage 14 can circulate without obstacle over the entire length of the boom.
  • the transition from one part to the other of the boom takes place uniformly, smoothly, because one set of rollers rolls on the track of one of the parts and the other set of rollers moves in the extension of the bearing surface of the track of the other boom part.
  • the sliding of extension and extension of the boom 2, 3 and the movement of the carriage 14 take place using a single cable constituted by two parts of cable 26 and 27, which are driven by a winch 28
  • the latter is of a construction known per se and is therefore constituted, as is common, by a drum and a drive motor which is connected to it.
  • the winch 28 is mounted on the mast side end of the foot part 2 of the boom 2, 3.
  • the two cable parts 26 and 27 are fixed by one end, respectively on the tip of the arrow and mast side, to the carriage 14.
  • the two cable parts 26 and 27 can form two separate cables, in which case their other ends are fixed to the winch drum 28. At these ends, the two cable parts 26 and 27 are wound over a certain length in opposite directions on the winch drum 28, so that with the rotation of the drum, a part of cable y is rolled up and the other is rolled out.
  • the two cable parts 26 and 27 can also form a single length which is then wound over a certain distance on the drum of the winch 28.
  • the first cable part 26 extends from the carriage 14, first of all towards the point of the point part 3 of the arrow, passes over a cable pulley 29 mounted at this point and then returns to the mast 1, directly to the winch 28.
  • the second cable part 27 extends from the carriage 14, first towards the mast 1, on a cable pulley 30 mounted at the mast side end 1 of the foot part 2 of the arrow, to move away from the mast 1 and pass over a cable pulley 31 which is mounted at the remote end of the mast 1, of the leg part 2, returns towards the mast 1 and passing over two pulleys at cable 32 mounted at the mast side end of the tip part 3 of the boom, again departs from the mast 1 to the far end of the latter from the foot part 2, returns passing on a pulley cable 33 mounted at this end, towards the mast 1 and finally arrives by passing over a cable pulley 34 mounted at the mast side end of the leg part 2, at the tr euil 28.
  • the two parts 2 and 3 of the arrow can be locked relative to each other in several positions using an electrical coupling device 35.
  • the coupling device can for example be constituted by an electromagnetic actuation lock, which is mounted on one of the boom parts and cooperates with openings made in the other boom part.
  • the lock is, for example, mounted at the end remote from the mast 1, from the foot part 2, while the tip part 3 of the boom has several openings for this lock.
  • the openings are located such that in the fully retracted position of the tip part 3, in the fully extended position of this part 3 and in several intermediate positions, the lock of the device 35 can enter and exit from one of the openings of the tip part 3 to couple or disengage the boom parts mutually.
  • the lock of the coupling device 35 like the winch 28, is remotely controlled by the operator of the tower crane.
  • the tip part 3 of the boom can be brought into extension, after having mutually decoupled the two boom parts 2 and 3 using of the cable part 27 and by winding this cable part on the winch drum 28.
  • the cable part 27 pulls the carriage 14 towards the mast 1, which is made impossible because this carriage 14 is located already at the end of the foot part and can no longer advance due to a stop mounted at this end.
  • the cable part 27, since it is shortened, can therefore only push outwards, the end of the tip part 3 located in the foot part 2.
  • the tip part 3 can no longer be advanced in extension, either because this tip part is already at maximum extension, or because it is blocked by the coupling device 35 actuated before the total extension of this tip part 3, it is then possible to circulate the carriage 14 over the whole of the boom brought totally or partially in extension, by winding the cable part 26 on the winch drum 28. With the help of the cable part 27, the carriage 14 can be made to circulate in the other direction over the entire length of the boom. It is obvious that the arrow parts 2 and 3 must be provided with the stops necessary to limit the extension of the tip part 3 or that at maximum extension, the coupling device 35 or another coupling device must enter automatically in action. To avoid that during the winding of the cable part 26 and with a possible blocking of the carriage 14, the tip part does not recede, it is preferable after the exit of this tip part 3, to block the latter by relative to the leg part 2 by means of the coupling device 35.
  • the carriage 14 is first circulated to the point of part 3 by winding the cable part 26. It is obvious that the part of tip 3 is provided at its tip with a stop for retaining the carriage 14. As soon as the carriage 14 meets this stop, it is then possible, by continuing to wind the cable part on the winch drum 28 and after having uncoupled from each other the arrow parts 2 and 3, slide the tip part 3 of the arrow into the foot part 2.
  • this crane may however be provided with one or more locking mechanisms which prevent the carriage from moving in the direction of the mast on the foot part of the boom, or from the mast on the tip of the arrow.
  • the carriage is located at the mast end and respectively at the tip end of the boom.
  • the boom can be brought into extension by retaining the carriage on the foot part by means of a locking mechanism and the boom can also be brought back by retaining this carriage on the tip part by means of a locking mechanism .
  • These blocking mechanisms can be controlled remotely manually and can be of very simple construction. The boom is extended and removed at the same speed as in the embodiment described above.
  • the crane may include, instead of two blocking mechanisms which hold the carriage in one direction on the foot part or the tip part respectively, one or two blocking mechanisms which can prevent movement of the carriage in both directions of movement .
  • a blocking mechanism can for example be analogous to the aforementioned blocking mechanism 35, the lock of which can be mounted on the carriage 14, while the openings for this lock can be provided in the foot part 2, in the tip part 3 or both in the foot part 2 and in the tip part 3.
  • the tower crane is naturally still equipped in a common way, with a lifting cable which is controlled by a separate winch.
  • This winch can for example be arranged at the bottom of the crane, the lifting cable then extending upwards to pass over a cable pulley mounted at the top of the mast 1 and go towards the carriage where this cable then passes. in the usual way around the cable pulleys, and then around a pulley mounted at the end of the tip part 3 towards a pulley mounted at the other end of this tip part, and finally around this last pulley towards the end separated from the mast 1, from the foot part 2 where this cable is then fixed.
  • the winch for moving the cable controlling the removal and extension of the boom and the movement of the carriage does not necessarily have to be mounted on the boom.
  • This winch can also be mounted on the mast or on the frame thereof.
  • the same winch may comprise several drums coupled or capable of being coupled together, the aforementioned cable then being wound on a first drum, while another drum can move the lifting cable and possibly other drums can order the cable to raise the mast and a cable to adjust the inclination of the boom relative to the mast.
  • the cable pulley at this end for the second part of cable, which can make the carriage circulate towards the mast, is not absolutely necessary.
  • the cable portion can extend directly to the winch drum.
  • the telescopic boom can also consist of more than two parts. In the case of three parts, the middle part is to be considered as the aforementioned part of the foot with respect to the tip part, but as the aforementioned tip part with respect to the part fixed to the mast.

Abstract

1. Tower crane comprising a pylon (1) and a telescopic jib (2, 3) mounted thereon, with a crab (14), said jib (2, 3) comprising at least two extensible parts (2 and 3), namely a foot part (2) secured to the pylon (1) and a sliding point part (3), each said parts having a running track extending along the lengthwise direction thereof for the crab (14), the jib (2, 3) being provided with means for locking both parts (2 and 3) relative to one another, the crane having a winch (28) and a cable (26, 27) secured thereto for extending and retracting the jib (2, 3) as well for travelling of the crab (14) on the jib (2, 3), a first part of which (26), which can cause the crab (14) to move away from the pylon, being integral with said crab (14) and extending through at least one cable pulley (29) mounted on the end removed from the pylon (1), of the point part (3) of the jib towards the winch (28), while a second part (27) which can cause the crab (14) to move towards the jib (1), is also secured to said crab (14) and extends through at least one cable pulley (30) mounted on that end located on the pylon (1) side, of the foot part (2) of the jib (2, 3), towards the winch (28), both cable parts (26 and 27) being so wound on the winch (28) drum that the one part be unwound from said drum when the other part is wound thereon, characterized in that the first cable part (26) extends through the cable pulley (29) on that end removed from the pylon (1) of the point part of the jib (3), directly towards the pylon (1), at least up to the foot part (2) of the jib (2, 3), in such a way that said cable part (26) may not only travel the crab (14) towards that end of the jib (2, 3) removed from the pylon (1) but also, when the movement of the crab (14) in the direction of that end removed from the pylon (1) of the point part (3) of the jib (2, 3) is prevented, may pull said point part (3) into the foot part (2) of the jib, while the second cable part (27) first passes over the cable pulley (30) on that end lying on the pylon (1) side, of the foot part (2) of the jib (2, 3), but then extends away again from the pylon (1) to a cable pulley (31) which is mounted on that end removed from the pylon (1), of said foot part (2) of the jib (2, 3), returns about said pulley (31) in the direction of the pylon (1), passes at least over a cable pulley (32) on that end facing the pylon (1), of the point end (3) of the jib, then extends away again from the pylon (1) and finally by passing over a second cable pulley (33) mounted on that end removed from pylon (1) of the foot part (2) of the jib (2, 3), returns in the direction of the pylon (1), in such a way that said second cable part (27) not only may cause the crab (14) to move towards the pylon (1), but also when the movement of the crab (14) in the direction of the end lying on the pylon (1) side, of the foot part (2) of the jib (2, 3) is prevented, may extend the point part (3) of the jib (2, 3) out of said foot part (2).

Description

La présente invention est relative à une grue à tour qui comporte un mât et une flèche télescopique montée sur ce dernier, avec un chariot, cette flèche comportant au moins deux parties extensibles, à savoir une partie de pied fixée au mât et une partie de pointe coulissante, chacune d'elles possédant une voie de roulement s'étendant suivant sa direction longitudinale pour le chariot, la flèche étant dotée de moyens pour bloquer les deux parties l'une par rapport à l'autre, la grue possédant un treuil et un câble fixé à celui-ci, pour l'extension et le retrait de la flèche aussi bien que pour la circulation du chariot sur la flèche, dont une première partie qui peut faire circuler le chariot à partir du mât, est solidaire de ce chariot et s'étend par l'intermédiaire d'au moins une poulie à câble montée à l'extrémité écartée du mât, de la partie de pointe de la flèche, vers le treuil, tandis qu'une seconde partie qui peut faire circuler le chariot vers le mât, est également fixée à ce chariot et s'étend par l'intermédiaire d'au moins une poulie à câble montée sur l'extrémité située du côté du mât, de la partie de pied de la flèche, vers le treuil, les deux parties du câble étant enroulées de telle sorte sur le tambour de treuil que l'une d'elles soit déroulée de ce tambour quand l'autre y est enroulée.The present invention relates to a tower crane which comprises a mast and a telescopic boom mounted on the latter, with a carriage, this boom comprising at least two extendable parts, namely a foot part fixed to the mast and a tip part. sliding, each of them having a rolling track extending in its longitudinal direction for the carriage, the boom being provided with means for locking the two parts relative to each other, the crane having a winch and a cable fixed to the latter, for the extension and withdrawal of the boom as well as for the movement of the carriage on the boom, a first part of which can circulate the carriage from the mast, is integral with this carriage and extends via at least one cable pulley mounted at the far end of the mast, from the tip of the boom, towards the winch, while a second part which can circulate the carriage towards the mast is also attached to it hoist and extends via at least one cable pulley mounted on the end situated on the side of the mast, from the foot part of the boom, towards the winch, the two parts of the cable being wound in such a way so on the winch drum that one of them is unwound from this drum when the other is wound there.

Une grue à tour de ce genre est décrite dans FR-A-2190711. Dans cette grue la première partie de câble s'étend à partir de la poulie à câble sur l'extrémité éloignée du mât, de la partie de pointe de la flèche, vers le mât pour passer sur une poulie à câble qui est montée sur l'extrémité dirigée vers le mât de cette partie de pointe, puis s'éloigne du mât et passe autour d'une poulie à câble qui est montée sur l'extrémité éloignée du mât, de la partie de pied de la flèche. Cette première partie retourne ensuite jusqu'au mât, où elle est enroulée sur le tambour du treuil qui est monté sur la partie de pied de la flèche à proximité du mât. La seconde partie du câble s'étend à partir du chariot directement vers l'extrémité située sur le mât, de la partie de pied de la flèche et y est enroulée sur le tambour du treuil.A tower crane of this kind is described in FR-A-2190711. In this crane the first part of cable extends from the cable pulley on the far end of the mast, from the tip part of the boom, towards the mast to pass on a cable pulley which is mounted on the end directed towards the mast of this point part, then moves away from the mast and passes around a cable pulley which is mounted on the far end of the mast, from the foot part of the boom. This first part then returns to the mast, where it is wound on the winch drum which is mounted on the foot part of the boom near the mast. The second part of the cable extends from the carriage directly towards the end situated on the mast, from the foot part of the boom and is wound there on the winch drum.

Afin de permettre au chariot de se déplacer sur toute la longueur de la flèche en position d'extension, celui-ci coopère avec un faux chariot. Si le chariot peut rouler directement sur la voie de roulement de la partie de pied, il ne peut rouler sur la voie de roulement de la partie de pointe que par l'intermédiaire du faux chariot auquel il doit être couplé. Le chariot se déplace donc ensemble avec le faux chariot sur la flèche en position de retrait ou sur la partie de pointe en position d'extension de la flèche et se déplace seul sur la partie de pied de la flèche en position d'extension. Le couplage ou le découplage du chariot par rapport au faux chariot se fait automatiquement chaque fois que le chariot passe de la partie de pied à la partie de pointe ou inversement.In order to allow the carriage to move over the entire length of the boom in the extended position, it cooperates with a false carriage. If the carriage can roll directly on the track of the foot part, it can only roll on the track of the tip part via the false carriage to which it must be coupled. The carriage therefore moves together with the false carriage on the boom in the retracted position or on the tip part in the extended boom position and moves alone on the foot portion of the boom in the extended position. The coupling or uncoupling of the carriage relative to the false carriage is done automatically each time the carriage passes from the foot part to the tip part or vice versa.

Dans la grue connue, la première partie du câble peut faire circuler l'ensemble formé par le chariot et le faux chariot à partir du mât lorsque la flèche est en retrait et que ses parties sont reliées entre elles. Quand l'ensemble a atteint l'extrémité éloignée du mât de la partie de pied de la flèche, les parties de flèche sont libérées l'une de l'autre tandis que l'ensemble des chariots est rendu solidaire de la partie de pointe de la flèche. A l'aide de la première partie de câble, il est alors possible d'amener la flèche en extension, l'ensemble susdit accompagnant alors le déplacement de la partie de pointe de la flèche. Pour ramener la flèche en position de retrait, l'ensemble doit tout d'abord être reverrouillé sur l'extrémité libre de la partie de pointe de la flèche. A l'aide de la seconde partie de câble, l'ensemble est tiré vers le mât, avec pour résultat que la partie de pointe de la flèche rentre dans la partie de pied. Quand la partie de pointe est complètement escamontée, les parties de flèche sont automatiquement couplées entre elles, tandis que le chariot est automatiquement libéré du faux chariot et ce dernier est couplé à la partie de pointe, de telle sorte qu'alors le chariot peut être amené à circuler au moyen de la seconde partie de câble sur la partie de pied de la flèche.In the known crane, the first part of the cable can circulate the assembly formed by the carriage and the false carriage from the mast when the boom is set back and its parts are interconnected. When the assembly has reached the far end of the mast from the boom foot portion, the boom portions are released from each other while the set of carriages is made integral with the tip portion of the arrow. Using the first part of the cable, it is then possible to bring the boom in extension, the above-mentioned assembly then accompanying the movement of the tip part of the boom. To return the boom to the retracted position, the assembly must first be relocked on the free end of the tip part of the boom. Using the second part of cable, the assembly is pulled towards the mast, with the result that the tip part of the arrow enters the foot part. When the tip part is completely retracted, the boom parts are automatically coupled together, while the carriage is automatically released from the false carriage and the latter is coupled to the point part, so that the carriage can then be caused to circulate by means of the second part of cable on the foot part of the boom.

Le déplacement du chariot lors de l'extension de la flèche constitue un inconvénient. En effet, la charge maximale que peut supporter la flèche est d'autant plus petite que cette charge se trouve plus éloignée du mât et est proportionnellement moins élevée lorsque le chariot portant la charge est uniquement supporté par la partie de pointe de la flèche en position d'extension que lorsque celui-ci est supporté aussi bien par la partie de pied que par la partie de pointe de la flèche en position de retrait. L'opérateur de la grue doit donc faire attention à une surcharge éventuelle lors de l'extension. Etant donné que le retrait de la flèche est amorcé avec le chariot à l'extrémité de pointe de la flèche le chariot se rapproche du mât au cours du retrait ce qui exclut une surcharge de la flèche pendant ce retrait.The displacement of the carriage during the extension of the boom constitutes a drawback. In fact, the maximum load that the boom can support is smaller when this load is farther from the mast and is proportionally lower when the carriage carrying the load is only supported by the tip part of the boom in position extension only when it is supported both by the foot part and by the tip part of the boom in the retracted position. The crane operator must therefore pay attention to a possible overload during extension. Since the withdrawal of the boom is initiated with the carriage at the tip end of the boom the carriage approaches the mast during withdrawal which excludes an overload of the boom during this withdrawal.

Dans cette grue connue, la butée de fin de course de la partie de pointe de la flèche peut être utilisée pour retenir le chariot lors de l'extension mais lors du retrait, ce chariot doit être bloqué positivement sur la partie de flèche, ce qui nécessite un système de verrouillage. En plus l'utilisation d'un faux chariot nécessite également un système de verrouillage supplémentaire pour verrouiller le chariot et le faux chariot l'un à l'autre, ce qui complique la construction.In this known crane, the end of travel stop of the jib tip part can be used to hold the carriage during extension, but upon removal, this carriage must be positively locked on the jib part, which requires a locking system. In addition to the use of a false carriage also requires an additional locking system to lock the carriage and the false carriage to each other, which complicates the construction.

Une grue équivalente est décrite dans FR-A-463 533. Cette grue diffère de la grue connue décrite ci-devant en ce que les deux parties de câble sont remplacées par une chaîne unique sans fin, le treuil étant remplacé par une roue à chaîne entraînée et en ce que le chariot peut se déplacer sans faux chariot du mât jusqu'à la pointe de la flèche en position d'extension. La chaîne sans fin parcourt un chemin analogue à celui parcouru par les deux parties de câble dans la grue décrite ci-devant. Il en résulte que le chariot se déplace avec la partie de pointe de la flèche aussi bien lors de l'extension que lors du retrait de cette flèche. Cette grue présente donc les mêmes désavantages que la grue connue décrite ci-devant, abstraction faite des désavantages découlant de l'utilisation d'un faux chariot.An equivalent crane is described in FR-A-463 533. This crane differs from the known crane described above in that the two parts of cable are replaced by a single endless chain, the winch being replaced by a chain wheel driven and in that the carriage can move without false carriage from the mast to the tip of the boom in the extended position. The endless chain follows a path similar to that followed by the two parts of cable in the crane described above. As a result, the carriage moves with the tip portion of the boom both during extension and when removing this arrow. This crane therefore has the same disadvantages as the known crane described above, apart from the disadvantages arising from the use of a false carriage.

L'invention a pour but d'éliminer ces inconvénients et d'offrir une grue à tour qui comporte un mât et une flèche télescopique montée sur ce dernier, avec un chariot qui peut être amené d'une façon très simple à circuler sur toute la longueur de la flèche, cette dernière étant en extension complète aussi bien que totalement en retrait, la flèche pouvant être amenée en position d'extension sans que le chariot se déplace, ce chariot pouvant demeurer sur la partie de pied, tandis que des mécanismes de blocage complexes pour verrouiller le chariot sur la flèche ne sont nécessaires ni pour le retrait, ni pour l'extension de la flèche.The object of the invention is to eliminate these drawbacks and to offer a tower crane which comprises a mast and a telescopic boom mounted on the latter, with a carriage which can be brought in a very simple manner to circulate over the entire length of the boom, the latter being in full extension as well as completely in withdrawal, the boom can be brought into the extended position without the carriage moving, this carriage being able to remain on the foot part, while mechanisms for Complex locks to lock the carriage on the boom are not required for removal or extension of the boom.

A cette fin, la première partie du câble s'étend par l'intermédiaire de la poulie à câble sur l'extrémité éloignée du mât, de la partie de pointe de la flèche, directement vers le mât, au moins jusqu'à la partie de pied de la flèche, de telle sorte que cette partie de câble peut non seulement faire circuler le chariot vers l'extrémité de la flèche éloignée du mât mais aussi, quand le déplacement du chariot dans la direction de l'extrémité éloignée du mât, de la partie de pointe de la flèche est empêché, peut tirer cette partie de pointe dans la partie de pied de la flèche, tandis que la seconde partie de câble passe tout d'abord sur la poulie à câble à l'extrémité située du côté du mât, de la partie de pied de la flèche, mais s'éloigne ensuite à nouveau du mât jusqu'à une poulie à câble qui est montée à l'extrémité éloignée du mât, de cette partie de pied de la flèche, revient autour de cette poulie en direction du mât, passe sur au moins une poulie à câble à l'extrémité dirigée vers le mât, de la partie de pointe de la flèche, s'éloigne ensuite à nouveau du mât et finalement en passant sur une seconde poulie à câble montée à l'extrémité éloignée du mât, de la partie de pied de la flèche, revient en direction du mât, de telle sorte que cette seconde partie de câble non seulement peut faire circuler le chariot vers le mât, mais aussi, quand le déplacement du chariot dans la direction de l'extrémité située du côté du mât, de la partie de pied de la flèche, est empêché, peut faire sortir la partie de pointe de la flèche de cette partie de pied.To this end, the first part of the cable extends via the cable pulley on the far end of the mast, from the tip part of the boom, directly towards the mast, at least up to the part at the foot of the boom, so that this part of cable can not only make the carriage circulate towards the end of the boom remote from the mast but also, when the movement of the carriage in the direction of the far end of the mast, of the tip part of the boom is prevented, can pull this tip part in the foot part of the boom, while the second part of cable passes first on the cable pulley at the end located on the side from the mast, from the boom foot part, but then moves away from the mast again to a cable pulley which is mounted at the far end of the mast, from this boom foot part, comes back around of this pulley in the direction of the mast, passes over at least one cable pulley at the end directed towards the The mast, from the tip part of the boom, then moves away from the mast again and finally passing over a second cable pulley mounted at the far end of the mast, from the foot part of the boom, comes back in direction of the mast, so that this second part of cable not only can make the carriage circulate towards the mast, but also, when the movement of the carriage in the direction of the end situated on the side of the mast, from the foot part of the arrow, is prevented, can cause the tip part of the arrow to come out of this part of the foot.

Aussi bien lors du retrait que lors de l'extension, le chariot peut se trouver à une extrémité de la flèche, tandis que la partie de câble reliée à ce chariot qui réalise la sortie ou le retrait de la flèche, exerce une traction dans le sens opposé au sens de coulissement de la partie de pointe de la flèche, de telle sorte qu'il suffit que le chariot soit maintenu contre une butée à l'extrémité de la flèche et aucun mécanisme de couplage embrayable et débrayable du chariot avec la flèche n'est nécessaire. La rentrée ou la sortie de la flèche peut également avoir lieu quand le chariot ne se trouve pas à une extrémité de la flèche, mais alors ce chariot doit être bloqué sur une partie de flèche. On peut utiliser dans ce but un mécanisme de blocage simple pouvant par exemple être actionné manuellement à distance. En tous cas, le chariot peut toujours être déplacé sur toute la longueur de la flèche, sans que cette dernière rentre ou sorte, quelle que soit aussi la position de coulissement de la flèche.Both during removal and during extension, the carriage can be at one end of the boom, while the part of cable connected to this carriage which carries out or withdraws the boom, exerts traction in the direction opposite to the direction of sliding of the tip part of the arrow, so that it suffices that the carriage is held against a stop at the end of the arrow and no mechanism for engaging and disengaging the carriage with the arrow is not necessary. The return or exit of the boom can also take place when the carriage is not at one end of the boom, but then this carriage must be locked on a part of the boom. A simple blocking mechanism can be used for this purpose, which can for example be manually operated remotely. In any case, the carriage can always be moved over the entire length of the boom, without the latter retracting or coming out, regardless of also the sliding position of the boom.

Dans une forme de réalisation particulière de l'invention, le treuil est monté sur l'extrémité située du côté du mât, de la partie de pied de la flèche, et les extrémités, s'étendant jusqu'à la partie de pied de la flèche, des deux parties du câble sont fixées directement au tambour de treuil à cette extrémité de la partie de pied.In a particular embodiment of the invention, the winch is mounted on the end situated on the side of the mast, of the foot part of the boom, and the ends, extending up to the foot part of the arrow, two parts of the cable are fixed directly to the winch drum at this end of the foot part.

Dans une forme de réalisation particulière de l'invention, les deux parties de câble sont des parties distinctes qui sont chacune fixées par un bout au chariot et par leur autre bout sont enroulées dans le sens opposé sur le tambour du treuil et lui sont fixées.In a particular embodiment of the invention, the two cable parts are separate parts which are each fixed by one end to the carriage and by their other end are wound in the opposite direction on the drum of the winch and are fixed to it.

D'autres détails et avantages de l'invention ressortiront de la description ci-après d'une grue à tour et d'une flèche télescopique utilisée avec celle-ci, suivant l'invention ; cette description est uniquement donnée à titre d'exemple non limitatif et en se référant au dessin annexé.Other details and advantages of the invention will emerge from the description below of a tower crane and a telescopic boom used with it, according to the invention; this description is only given by way of nonlimiting example and with reference to the attached drawing.

La figure est une vue en élévation latérale schématique d'une partie d'une grue à tour suivant l'invention.The figure is a schematic side elevational view of part of a tower crane according to the invention.

La grue à tour illustrée à la figure, à l'exception de la flèche télescopique, est de construction connue. Cette grue sera uniquement décrite dans la mesure nécessaire à la compréhension de l'invention.The tower crane illustrated in the figure, with the exception of the telescopic boom, is of known construction. This crane will only be described to the extent necessary for understanding the invention.

D'une façon courante, la grue à tour comprend un mât 1, qui peut aussi être télescopique et qui est monté soit de façon fixe, soit avec une possibilité de pivotement sur un bâti non représenté à la figure.In general, the tower crane comprises a mast 1, which can also be telescopic and which is mounted either fixedly, or with a possibility of pivoting on a frame not shown in the figure.

A son extrémité supérieure, le mât 1 porte une flèche qui est constituée par une partie de pied 2 et une partie de pointe 3 pouvant coulisser vers l'intérieur et l'extérieur de la partie 2. Cette partie de pied 2 peut être fixée rigidement, à rotation ou comme représenté de façon articulée par une articulation 4 au sommet du mât 1. L'alignement de la flèche articulée a lieu d'une façon connue à l'aide d'un câble non représenté à la figure qui, d'autre part, est fixé à la partie de pied 2 et, d'autre part, s'étend par l'intermédiaire d'une poulie à câble sur une tour, vers un treuil. Ce dernier pas plus que la tour, articulée par exemple sur l'extrémité côté mât de la partie de pied 2, n'est représentée à la figure.At its upper end, the mast 1 carries an arrow which is constituted by a foot part 2 and a tip part 3 which can slide inwards and outwards from the part 2. This foot part 2 can be rigidly fixed. , in rotation or as shown in an articulated manner by an articulation 4 at the top of the mast 1. The alignment of the articulated boom takes place in a known manner using a cable not shown in the figure which, from on the other hand, is fixed to the leg part 2 and, on the other hand, extends via a cable pulley on a tower, towards a winch. The latter no more than the tower, articulated for example on the mast side end of the leg part 2, is shown in the figure.

Le mât 1 est fait d'une façon courante d'un treillis métallique, non représenté à la figure. Les deux parties 1 et 2 de la flèche également sont faites d'un treillis métallique qui n'a pas été représenté dans un but de clarté à la figure.The mast 1 is commonly made of a wire mesh, not shown in the figure. The two parts 1 and 2 of the arrow also are made of a wire mesh which has not been shown for the sake of clarity in the figure.

La partie de pied 2 forme une rigole en forme de U renversé, qui est complètement ouverte sur le côté inférieur.The foot part 2 forms a channel in the shape of an inverted U, which is completely open on the lower side.

La partie de pointe 3 de la flèche 2, 3 forme un caisson fermé latéralement de treillis à section transversale approximativement triangulaire, qui s'adapte dans la rigole précitée formée par la partie de pied 2.The tip part 3 of the arrow 2, 3 forms a laterally closed box of trellis with approximately triangular cross section, which fits into the above-mentioned channel formed by the leg part 2.

Le chariot 14 est suspendu à la partie de pied 2 et/ou la partie de pointe 3 de la flèche 2, 3 à l'aide de deux jeux de galets qui coopèrent respectivement avec une voie de roulement de la partie de pied 2 et une voie de roulement de la partie de pointe 3.The carriage 14 is suspended from the foot part 2 and / or the tip part 3 of the arrow 2, 3 by means of two sets of rollers which cooperate respectively with a raceway of the foot part 2 and a track of the tip part 3.

En position d'extension de la flèche, le chariot 14 peut circuler sans obstacle sur toute la longueur de la flèche. La transition d'une partie à l'autre de la flèche a lieu uniformément, sans heurts, parce qu'un jeu de galets roule sur la voie de roulement d'une des parties et l'autre jeu de galets se déplace dans le prolongement de la surface de support de la voie de roulement de l'autre partie de flèche.In the boom extension position, the carriage 14 can circulate without obstacle over the entire length of the boom. The transition from one part to the other of the boom takes place uniformly, smoothly, because one set of rollers rolls on the track of one of the parts and the other set of rollers moves in the extension of the bearing surface of the track of the other boom part.

Le coulissement de retrait et d'extension de la flèche 2, 3 et la circulation du chariot 14 ont lieu à l'aide d'un seul et même câble constitué par deux parties de câble 26 et 27, qui sont entraînées par un treuil 28. Ce dernier est d'une construction connue en soi et est donc constitué comme il est courant par un tambour et un moteur d'entraînement qui lui est relié. Le treuil 28 est monté sur l'extrémité côté mât de la partie de pied 2 de la flèche 2, 3.The sliding of extension and extension of the boom 2, 3 and the movement of the carriage 14 take place using a single cable constituted by two parts of cable 26 and 27, which are driven by a winch 28 The latter is of a construction known per se and is therefore constituted, as is common, by a drum and a drive motor which is connected to it. The winch 28 is mounted on the mast side end of the foot part 2 of the boom 2, 3.

Les deux parties de câble 26 et 27 sont fixées par une extrémité, respectivement côté pointe de la flèche et côté mât, au chariot 14. Les deux parties de câble 26 et 27 peuvent former deux câbles distincts, cas dans lequel leurs autres extrémités sont fixées au tambour du treuil 28. A ces extrémités, les deux parties de câble 26 et 27 sont enroulées sur une certaine longueur en sens opposé sur le tambour de treuil 28, de telle sorte qu'avec la rotation du tambour, une partie de câble y est enroulée et l'autre en est déroulée. Les deux parties de câble 26 et 27 peuvent aussi ne former qu'une seule longueur qui est alors enroulée sur une certaine distance sur le tambour du treuif 28. En fait ceci revient à une fixation des dernières extrémités précitées des parties de câble au tambour du treuil grâce à leur réunion et leur enroulement autour du tambour, de telle sorte que l'on obtienne lors de la rotation du tambour de treuil, qu'une des parties de câble se raccourcisse dans la même mesure où l'autre partie s'allonge.The two cable parts 26 and 27 are fixed by one end, respectively on the tip of the arrow and mast side, to the carriage 14. The two cable parts 26 and 27 can form two separate cables, in which case their other ends are fixed to the winch drum 28. At these ends, the two cable parts 26 and 27 are wound over a certain length in opposite directions on the winch drum 28, so that with the rotation of the drum, a part of cable y is rolled up and the other is rolled out. The two cable parts 26 and 27 can also form a single length which is then wound over a certain distance on the drum of the winch 28. In fact this amounts to fixing the last aforementioned ends of the cable parts to the drum of the winch thanks to their union and their winding around the drum, so that one obtains during the rotation of the winch drum, that one of the cable parts is shortened in the same measure as the other part lengthens .

La première partie de câble 26 s'étend depuis le chariot 14, tout d'abord vers la pointe de la partie de pointe 3 de la flèche, passe sur une poulie à câble 29 montée à cette pointe et revient ensuite vers le mât 1, directement vers le treuil 28. La seconde partie de câble 27 s'étend à partir du chariot 14, d'abord vers le mât 1, sur une poulie à câble 30 montée à l'extrémité côté mât 1 de la partie de pied 2 de la flèche, pour s'écarter du mât 1 et passer sur une poulie à câble 31 qui est montée à l'extrémité éloignée du mât 1, de la partie de pied 2, revient en direction du mât 1 et en passant sur deux poulies à câble 32 montées à l'extrémité côté mât de la partie de pointe 3 de la flèche, s'écarte à nouveau du mât 1 jusqu'à l'extrémité éloignée de ce dernier de la partie de pied 2, revient en passant sur une poulie à câble 33 montée à cette extrémité, vers le mât 1 et parvient finalement en passant sur une poulie à câble 34 montée à l'extrémité côté mât de la partie de pied 2, au treuil 28.The first cable part 26 extends from the carriage 14, first of all towards the point of the point part 3 of the arrow, passes over a cable pulley 29 mounted at this point and then returns to the mast 1, directly to the winch 28. The second cable part 27 extends from the carriage 14, first towards the mast 1, on a cable pulley 30 mounted at the mast side end 1 of the foot part 2 of the arrow, to move away from the mast 1 and pass over a cable pulley 31 which is mounted at the remote end of the mast 1, of the leg part 2, returns towards the mast 1 and passing over two pulleys at cable 32 mounted at the mast side end of the tip part 3 of the boom, again departs from the mast 1 to the far end of the latter from the foot part 2, returns passing on a pulley cable 33 mounted at this end, towards the mast 1 and finally arrives by passing over a cable pulley 34 mounted at the mast side end of the leg part 2, at the tr euil 28.

Les deux parties 2 et 3 de la flèche peuvent être bloquées l'une par rapport à l'autre en plusieurs positions à l'aide d'un dispositif de couplage électrique 35. De tels dispositifs de couplage sont connus en soi. Le dispositif de couplage peut par exemple être constitué par un verrou à actionnement électro-magnétique, qui est monté sur l'une des parties de flèche et coopère avec des ouvertures pratiquées dans l'autre partie de flèche. Le verrou est par exemple monté à l'extrémité éloignée du mât 1, de la partie de pied 2, tandis que la partie de pointe 3 de la flèche est dotée de plusieurs ouvertures pour ce verrou. Les ouvertures sont situées de telles sorte qu'en position d'escamotage total de la partie de pointe 3, en position d'extension totale de cette partie 3 et en plusieurs positions intermédiaires, le verrou du dispositif 35 peut entrer dans et sortir d'une des ouvertures de la partie de pointe 3 pour coupler ou dégager mutuellement les parties de flèche. Le verrou du dispositif de couplage 35, tout comme le treuil 28, est commandé à distance par l'opérateur de la grue à tour.The two parts 2 and 3 of the arrow can be locked relative to each other in several positions using an electrical coupling device 35. Such coupling devices are known per se. The coupling device can for example be constituted by an electromagnetic actuation lock, which is mounted on one of the boom parts and cooperates with openings made in the other boom part. The lock is, for example, mounted at the end remote from the mast 1, from the foot part 2, while the tip part 3 of the boom has several openings for this lock. The openings are located such that in the fully retracted position of the tip part 3, in the fully extended position of this part 3 and in several intermediate positions, the lock of the device 35 can enter and exit from one of the openings of the tip part 3 to couple or disengage the boom parts mutually. The lock of the coupling device 35, like the winch 28, is remotely controlled by the operator of the tower crane.

Le retrait et l'extension par coulissement de la flèche 2, 3 et la circulation du chariot 14 ont lieu comme suit :

  • Quand la flèche est totalement escamotée, le chariot 14 peut être déplacé en va-et-vient sur les deux parties de flèche 2 et 3 glissées l'une dans l'autre, à l'aide des parties de câble 26 et 27 et en fonction du sens de rotation du tambour du treuil 28. De préférence, les deux parties de flèche sont alors couplées ensemble, de telle sorte qu'en cas de blocage éventuel du chariot 14, aucune extension de la flèche n'ait lieu.
The withdrawal and extension by sliding of the arrow 2, 3 and the circulation of the carriage 14 take place as follows:
  • When the boom is fully retracted, the carriage 14 can be moved back and forth on the two boom parts 2 and 3 slid into one another, using the cable parts 26 and 27 and in depending on the direction of rotation of the winch drum 28. Preferably, the two boom parts are then coupled together, so that in the event of possible blocking of the carriage 14, no extension of the boom takes place.

Quand le chariot 14 se trouve à l'extrémité côté mât 1 de la partie de pied 2, la partie de pointe 3 de la flèche peut être amenée en extension, après avoir découplé mutuellement les deux parties de flèche 2 et 3 à l'aide de la partie de câble 27 et en enroulant cette partie de câble sur le tambour de treuil 28. En fait, la partie de câble 27 tire le chariot 14 en direction du mât 1, ce qui est rendu impossible parce que ce chariot 14 se trouve déjà à l'extrémité de la partie de pied et ne peut plus avancer à cause d'une butée montée à cette extrémité. La partie de câble 27, étant donné qu'elle est raccourcie, ne peut donc que pousser vers l'extérieur, l'extrémité de la partie de pointe 3 située dans la partie de pied 2.When the carriage 14 is at the mast side end 1 of the foot part 2, the tip part 3 of the boom can be brought into extension, after having mutually decoupled the two boom parts 2 and 3 using of the cable part 27 and by winding this cable part on the winch drum 28. In fact, the cable part 27 pulls the carriage 14 towards the mast 1, which is made impossible because this carriage 14 is located already at the end of the foot part and can no longer advance due to a stop mounted at this end. The cable part 27, since it is shortened, can therefore only push outwards, the end of the tip part 3 located in the foot part 2.

Quand la partie de pointe 3 ne peut plus être avancée en extension, soit parce que cette partie de pointe est déjà au maximum d'extension, soit parce qu'elle est bloquée par le dispositif de couplage 35 mis en action avant l'extension totale de cette partie de pointe 3, on peut alors faire circuler le chariot 14 sur l'ensemble de la flèche amenée totalement ou partiellement en extension, en enroulant la partie de câble 26 sur le tambour du treuil 28. A l'aide de la partie de câble 27, on peut faire circuler le chariot 14 dans l'autre sens sur toute la longueur de la flèche. Il est évident que les parties de flèche 2 et 3 doivent être dotées des butées nécessaires pour limiter l'extension de la partie de pointe 3 ou qu'à l'extension maximum, le dispositif de couplage 35 ou un autre dispositif de couplage doit entrer automatiquement en action. Pour éviter que lors de l'enroulement de la partie de câble 26 et avec un blocage éventuel du chariot 14, la partie de pointe ne revienne en retrait, il est préférable après la sortie de cette partie de pointe 3, de bloquer cette dernière par rapport à la partie de pied 2 au moyen du dispositif de couplage 35.When the tip part 3 can no longer be advanced in extension, either because this tip part is already at maximum extension, or because it is blocked by the coupling device 35 actuated before the total extension of this tip part 3, it is then possible to circulate the carriage 14 over the whole of the boom brought totally or partially in extension, by winding the cable part 26 on the winch drum 28. With the help of the cable part 27, the carriage 14 can be made to circulate in the other direction over the entire length of the boom. It is obvious that the arrow parts 2 and 3 must be provided with the stops necessary to limit the extension of the tip part 3 or that at maximum extension, the coupling device 35 or another coupling device must enter automatically in action. To avoid that during the winding of the cable part 26 and with a possible blocking of the carriage 14, the tip part does not recede, it is preferable after the exit of this tip part 3, to block the latter by relative to the leg part 2 by means of the coupling device 35.

Pour ramener alors la partie de pointe 3 en retrait dans la partie de pied 2, on fait d'abord circuler le chariot 14 jusqu'à la pointe de la partie 3 en enroulant la partie de câble 26. Il est évident que la partie de pointe 3 est dotée à sa pointe d'une butée pour y retenir le chariot 14. Dès que le chariot 14 rencontre cette butée, on peut alors, en continuant à enrouler la partie de câble sur le tambour du treuil 28 et après avoir découplé mutuellement les parties de flèche 2 et 3, faire glisser la partie de pointe 3 de la flèche dans la partie de pied 2.To then bring the point part 3 back into the foot part 2, the carriage 14 is first circulated to the point of part 3 by winding the cable part 26. It is obvious that the part of tip 3 is provided at its tip with a stop for retaining the carriage 14. As soon as the carriage 14 meets this stop, it is then possible, by continuing to wind the cable part on the winch drum 28 and after having uncoupled from each other the arrow parts 2 and 3, slide the tip part 3 of the arrow into the foot part 2.

Grâce à la disposition des parties de câble 26 et 27, le retrait de la flèche a lieu à la même vitesse que la circulation du chariot 14, tandis que la sortie ou l'extension a lieu à la moitié de cette vitesse. Dans la position escamotée aussi bien que dans la position en extension totale ou partielle, le chariot 14 peut circuler toujours sur toute la longueur de cette flèche. Aucun blocage du chariot n'est nécessaire, ni lors de l'extension, ni lors du retrait de la flèche. Le chariot 14 est retenu dans l'un et l'autre cas par la butée requise de toute manière à l'extrémité de la flèche, tandis que la partie de câble qui assure le retrait ou l'extension, tire le chariot 14 contre cette butée. Dans une variante de la grue à tour décrite ci- avant, cette grue peut être cependant dotée d'un ou plusieurs mécanismes de blocage qui empêchent le déplacement du chariot en direction du mât sur la partie de pied de la flèche, ou à partir du mât sur la partie de pointe de la flèche. Dans cette variante, il n'est pas alors nécessaire que lors de l'extension ou du retrait de la flèche, le chariot se trouve à l'extrémité de mât et respectivement à l'extrémité de pointe de la flèche. La flèche peut être amenée en extension en retenant le chariot sur la partie de pied au moyen d'un mécanisme de blocage et la flèche peut aussi être amené en retrait en retenant ce chariot sur la partie de pointe au moyen d'un mécanisme de blocage. Ces mécanismes de blocage peuvent être commandés à distance manuellement et peuvent être de construction très simple. L'extension et le retrait de la flèche ont lieu à la même vitesse que dans la forme de réalisation décrite ci- avant.Thanks to the arrangement of the cable parts 26 and 27, the withdrawal of the boom takes place at the same speed as the movement of the carriage 14, while the exit or extension takes place at half this speed. In the retracted position as well as in the fully or partially extended position, the carriage 14 can still travel over the entire length of this arrow. No blocking of the carriage is necessary, neither during extension nor when the boom is removed. The carriage 14 is retained in either case by the stop required anyway at the end of the boom, while the part of cable which ensures the withdrawal or extension, pulls the carriage 14 against this stop. In a variant of the tower crane described above, this crane may however be provided with one or more locking mechanisms which prevent the carriage from moving in the direction of the mast on the foot part of the boom, or from the mast on the tip of the arrow. In this variant, it is not then necessary that during the extension or withdrawal of the boom, the carriage is located at the mast end and respectively at the tip end of the boom. The boom can be brought into extension by retaining the carriage on the foot part by means of a locking mechanism and the boom can also be brought back by retaining this carriage on the tip part by means of a locking mechanism . These blocking mechanisms can be controlled remotely manually and can be of very simple construction. The boom is extended and removed at the same speed as in the embodiment described above.

La grue peut comprendre, au lieu de deux mécanismes de blocage qui retiennent le chariot dans un sens sur la partie de pied ou respectivement la partie de pointe, un ou deux mécanismes de blocage qui peuvent empêcher le mouvement du chariot dans les deux sens de déplacement. Un tel mécanisme de blocage peut par exemple être analogue au mécanisme de blocage 35 susdit dont le verrou peut être monté sur le chariot 14 tandis que les ouvertures pour ce verrou peuvent être prévues dans la partie de pied 2, dans la partie de pointe 3 ou aussi bien dans la partie de pied 2 que dans la partie de pointe 3.The crane may include, instead of two blocking mechanisms which hold the carriage in one direction on the foot part or the tip part respectively, one or two blocking mechanisms which can prevent movement of the carriage in both directions of movement . Such a blocking mechanism can for example be analogous to the aforementioned blocking mechanism 35, the lock of which can be mounted on the carriage 14, while the openings for this lock can be provided in the foot part 2, in the tip part 3 or both in the foot part 2 and in the tip part 3.

En bloquant le chariot en même temps, dans les deux sens de déplacement sur la partie de pied 3 au moyen d'un tel mécanisme de blocage, on peut aussi bien amener en retrait que sortir la partie de pointe 3, le retrait ou cette sortie s'effectuant à une vitesse qui est la moitié de la vitesse avec laquelle le chariot se déplace sur la flèche 2, 3 lors de son déplacement.By blocking the carriage at the same time, in both directions of movement on the leg part 3 by means of such a blocking mechanism, it is as well possible to bring in retreat as to exit the tip part 3, the withdrawal or this exit taking place at a speed which is half the speed with which the carriage moves on the arrow 2, 3 during its movement.

Si par contre on bloque au moyen d'un tel mécanisme de blocage le chariot 14 en même temps dans les deux sens de déplacement sur la partie de pointe 3 de la flèche 2, 3, on peut également aussi bien amener en retrait que sortir la partie de pointe 3 mais la vitesse de ce retrait et de cette sortie est alors la même que la vitesse de déplacement normale du chariot 14.If, on the other hand, the carriage 14 is blocked by means of such a blocking mechanism at the same time in both directions of movement on the tip part 3 of the arrow 2, 3, it is also possible to set back as well as take out the tip part 3 but the speed of this withdrawal and of this exit is then the same as the normal speed of movement of the carriage 14.

La grue à tour est naturellement encore dotée d'une façon courante, d'un câble de levage qui est commandé par un treuil distinct. Ce treuil peut par exemple être agencé à la partie inférieure de la grue, le câble de levage s'étendant alors vers le haut pour passer sur une poulie à câble montée au sommet du mât 1 et se diriger vers le chariot où ce câble passe alors de la manière habituelle autour des poulies à câble, et ensuite autour d'une poulie montée au bout de la partie de pointe 3 vers une poulie montée à l'autre extrémité de cette partie de pointe, et finalement autour de cette dernière poulie vers l'extrémité écartée du mât 1, de la partie de pied 2 où ce câble est alors fixé.The tower crane is naturally still equipped in a common way, with a lifting cable which is controlled by a separate winch. This winch can for example be arranged at the bottom of the crane, the lifting cable then extending upwards to pass over a cable pulley mounted at the top of the mast 1 and go towards the carriage where this cable then passes. in the usual way around the cable pulleys, and then around a pulley mounted at the end of the tip part 3 towards a pulley mounted at the other end of this tip part, and finally around this last pulley towards the end separated from the mast 1, from the foot part 2 where this cable is then fixed.

Le treuil pour le déplacement du câble commandant le retrait et l'extension de la flèche et la circulation du chariot, ne doit pas nécessairement être monté sur la flèche. Ce treuil peut aussi être monté sur le mât ou sur le bâti de celui-ci. Dans ce dernier cas, le même treuil peut comporter plusieurs tambours couplés ou pouvant être couplés entre eux, le câble précité étant alors enroulé sur un premier tambour, tandis qu'un autre tambour peut déplacer le câble de levage et éventuellement d'autres tambours encore peuvent commander le câble pour dresser le mât et un câble pour ajuster l'inclinaison de la flèche par rapport au mât.The winch for moving the cable controlling the removal and extension of the boom and the movement of the carriage, does not necessarily have to be mounted on the boom. This winch can also be mounted on the mast or on the frame thereof. In the latter case, the same winch may comprise several drums coupled or capable of being coupled together, the aforementioned cable then being wound on a first drum, while another drum can move the lifting cable and possibly other drums can order the cable to raise the mast and a cable to adjust the inclination of the boom relative to the mast.

Quand le treuil est monté sur l'extrémité de mât de la flèche, la poulie à câble à cette extrémité pour la seconde partie de câble, qui peut faire circuler le chariot vers le mât, n'est pas absolument nécessaire. La partie de câble peut s'étendre directement vers le tambour de treuil.When the winch is mounted on the mast end of the boom, the cable pulley at this end for the second part of cable, which can make the carriage circulate towards the mast, is not absolutely necessary. The cable portion can extend directly to the winch drum.

La flèche télescopique peut aussi être constituée par plus de deux parties. Dans le cas de trois parties, la partie médiane est à considérer comme la partie de pied précitée par rapport à la partie de pointe, mais comme la partie de pointe précitée par rapport à la partie fixée au mât.The telescopic boom can also consist of more than two parts. In the case of three parts, the middle part is to be considered as the aforementioned part of the foot with respect to the tip part, but as the aforementioned tip part with respect to the part fixed to the mast.

Claims (7)

1. Tower crane comprising a pylon (1) and a telescopic jib (2, 3) mounted thereon, with a crab (14), said jib (2, 3) comprising at least two extensible parts (2 and 3), namely a foot part (2) secured to the pylon (1) and a sliding point part (3), each said parts having a running track extending along the lengthwise direction thereof for the crab (14), the jib (2, 3) being provided with means for locking both parts (2 and 3) relative to one another, the crane having a winch (28) and a cable (26, 27) secured thereto for extending and retracting the jib (2, 3) as well for travelling of the crab (14) on the jib (2, 3), a first part of which (26), which can cause the crab (14) to move away from the pylon, being integral with said crab (14) and extending through at least one cable pulley (29) mounted on the end removed from the pylon (1), of the point part (3) of the jib towards the winch (28), while a second part (27) which can cause the crab (14) to move towards the jib (1), is also secured to said crab (14) and extends through at least one cable pulley (30) mounted on that end located on the pylon (1) side, of the foot part (2) of the jib (2, 3), towards the winch (28), both cable parts (26 and 27) being so wound on the winch (28) drum that the one part be unwound from said drum when the other part is wound thereon, characterized in that the first cable part (26) extends through the cable pulley (29) on that end removed from the pylon (1) of the point part of the jib (3), directly towards the pylon (1), at least up to the foot part (2) of the jib (2, 3), in such a way that said cable part (26) may not only travel the crab (14) towards that end of the jib (2, 3) removed from the pylon (1) but also, when the movement of the crab (14) in the direction of that end removed from the pylon (1) of the point part (3) of the jib (2, 3) is prevented, may pull said point part (3) into the foot part (2) of the jib, while the second cable part (27) first passes over the cable pulley (30) on that end lying on the pylon (1) side, of the foot part (2) of the jib (2, 3), but then extends away again from the pylon (1) to a cable pulley (31) which is mounted on that end removed from the pylon (1), of said foot part (2) of the jib (2, 3), returns about said pulley (31) in the direction of the pylon (1), passes at least over a cable pulley (32) on that end facing the pylon (1), of the point end (3) of the jib, then extends away again from the pylon (1) and finally by passing over a second cable pulley (33) mounted on that end removed from pylon (1) of the foot part (2) of the jib (2, 3), returns in the direction of the pylon (1), in such a way that said second cable part (27) not only may cause the crab (14) to move towards the pylon (1), but also when the movement of the crab (14) in the direction of the end lying on the pylon (1) side, of the foot part (2) of the jib (2, 3) is prevented, may extend the point part (3) of the jib (2, 3) out of said foot part (2).
2. Tower crane as defined in claim 1, characterized in that the winch (28) is mounted on that end lying on the pylon side (1), of the foot part (2) of the jib (2, 3), and the ends extending up to the foot part (2) of the jib (2, 3), of both parts of the cable (26 and 27) are directly secured to the winch drum on said end of the foot part (2).
3. Tower crane as defined in claim 2, characterized in that the second cable part (27) passes over two cable pulleys (32) which are mounted on the pylon-side end of the point part (3) of the jib (2, 3).
4. Tower crane as defined in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that both cable parts (26 and 27) are discrete parts which are each secured with the one end thereof to the crab (14) and with the other end thereof are wound in opposite direction on the winch (28) drum and are secured thereto.
5. Tower crane as defined in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the jib (2, 3) comprises at least on the pylon-side end of the foot part (2) and on the tip end of the point part (3), a stop for the crab (14), which stop prevents the crab (14) leaving said parts (2 and 3), and in that at least the stop on the foot part (2), or respectively the stop on the point part (3), can prevent the movement of the crab (14) in the direction of the pylon-side end of the foot part (2) during the extension of the jib (2, 3), and respectively in the direction of the end removed from the pylon (1), of the point part (3) during the retracting of the jib (2, 3).
6. Tower crane as defined in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it comprises at least one locking mechanism (35) which prevents the crab (14) moving towards the pylon end when it lies on the foot part (2) and moving towards the point (3) end when it lies on the point part (3), in such a way thus that by bringing said locking mechanism (35) into operation, the jib (2, 3) may be extended and respectively retracted.
7. Tower crane as defined in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it comprises at least one locking mechanism (35) which may lock the crab (14) simultaneously in both movement directions on at least one of the jib parts (2 or 3), in such a way that the point part (3) may as well be retracted as extended when the crab (14) is locked in both movement directions on one of the jib parts (2 or 3) by means of said locking mechanism (35).
EP81200430A 1980-04-18 1981-04-14 Tower crane Expired EP0039963B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81200430T ATE5871T1 (en) 1980-04-18 1981-04-14 TOWER CRANE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE58514 1980-04-18
BE2/58514A BE882845A (en) 1980-04-18 1980-04-18 TOWER CRANE AND TELESCOPIC BOOM USED THEREOF

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0039963A1 EP0039963A1 (en) 1981-11-18
EP0039963B1 true EP0039963B1 (en) 1984-01-18

Family

ID=3865503

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81200430A Expired EP0039963B1 (en) 1980-04-18 1981-04-14 Tower crane

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EP (1) EP0039963B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE5871T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3161931D1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2653760A1 (en) * 1989-10-26 1991-05-03 Hexatechnique HANDLING APPARATUS AND VEHICLE PROVIDED WITH SUCH AN APPARATUS.
US8191322B2 (en) * 2007-10-11 2012-06-05 Frank Liestenfeltz Payload mast

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE193294C (en) *
FR360833A (en) * 1905-12-05 1906-05-04 Niels Anders Hansen Abel Crane for lifting and distributing building materials and other materials
FR463533A (en) * 1912-12-18 1914-02-25 Henri Michelot Construction crane
FR510029A (en) * 1919-01-15 1920-11-25 Warren Travell Elevator and transporter for loading and unloading ships
FR92605E (en) * 1963-12-19 1968-12-06 Mac Gregor Comarain Sa Device for loading and unloading on ships or the like and ships fitted with such devices
FR1416359A (en) * 1964-03-25 1965-11-05 Mac Gregor Comarain Sa Removable control transmission return and safety device for a mobile crane with a bridge or gantry crane with a telescopic beam or the like and lifting conveyor devices so equipped
GB1218335A (en) * 1968-08-30 1971-01-06 Pierre Joseph Pingon Improvements in or relating to tower cranes
DE1812805A1 (en) * 1968-12-05 1970-06-18 Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Zweignie Gantry crane with sliding horizontal jib and cable trolley
FR2111998B1 (en) * 1970-01-22 1974-08-09 Richier Sa
SE347941B (en) * 1971-01-22 1972-08-21 Linden Alimak Ab
FR2190711B1 (en) * 1972-06-29 1976-01-16 Potain Sa

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EP0039963A1 (en) 1981-11-18
ATE5871T1 (en) 1984-02-15
DE3161931D1 (en) 1984-02-23

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