EP0039707B2 - Chaussette tricotee amelioree - Google Patents
Chaussette tricotee amelioree Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0039707B2 EP0039707B2 EP80902163A EP80902163A EP0039707B2 EP 0039707 B2 EP0039707 B2 EP 0039707B2 EP 80902163 A EP80902163 A EP 80902163A EP 80902163 A EP80902163 A EP 80902163A EP 0039707 B2 EP0039707 B2 EP 0039707B2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- leg
- fabric
- sock
- socks
- minimum
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04B—KNITTING
- D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
- D04B1/22—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting goods of particular configuration
- D04B1/24—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting goods of particular configuration wearing apparel
- D04B1/26—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting goods of particular configuration wearing apparel stockings
Definitions
- This invention is concerned with knitted hosiery for men, women and children.
- the invention is directed specifically to socks having a leg length not extending above the mid-calf part of the human leg when in normal position (position of minimum energy) during wear. Included in this category of socks are items known as “short socks”, “ankle socks”, “anklets”, “half hose”, “crew socks”, “below-the-calf socks”, “mid-calf socks”.
- socks will mean knitted garments for clothing the foot and leg that do not extend above the mid-calf of the leg of the wearer when in the normal wearing position and composed of a fabric having less than about 105 stitches per square centimetre (700 stitches per square inch) when measured fully stretched in course and wale directions and at standard conditions for testing textiles.
- socks as distinct from stockings which reached over the knee, were chiefly of a length reaching to the wearer's knee, or else to the mid-calf part of the wearer's leg, the latter being known as "half-hose".
- half-hose In order to restrain the leg of the knee length socks from slipping down a wearer's leg whilst walking, circular garters generally made from rubber elastic braid were used. The leg of the half-hose type of sock was restrained from slipping by suspenders, attached to the wearer's leg between the knee and calf muscle, and clipped to the top of the leg of the sock.
- the purpose of the elastic top was the incorporation within the sock of means of restraining the leg portion from slipping down a wearer's leg during walking, thus eliminating the need to have extraneous means of restraint as described above.
- the elastic top in a below-the-calf sock is stretched when initially placed on the leg and thus grips the leg of a wearer. After a period of wearing, during which the wearer walks with a normal gait and velocity of leg, it is usuel for a sock to progressively slip down the wearer's leg, forming wrinkles in the fabric of the lower part of the leg of the sock. This slippage commonly occurs even when the elastic top exerts pressure on the leg od such magnitude as to cause temporary skin indentation and irritation.
- the part of the human leg is approximately the shape of an inverted truncated cone.
- the fabric of the leg portion of the sock usually exerts a pressure on the leg of the wearer and this sock-to-leg pressure will generally vary according to position between the two locations referred to above.
- the pressures are exerted as a consequence of the varying circumferential extentions giving rise to varying circumferencial tensions within the fabric of the leg of a sock.
- the force exerted by the fabric on to the leg in a circumferencial plane is, by virtue of the shape of the leg, not normal to the leg surface. It may, therefore, be resolved into two components, one being normal to the leg surface and the other one downwards along the leg surface, a fact to which reference is made hereinafter.
- the present invention relates to a knitted sock according to claim 1
- a leg fabric which resists slipping down a wearer's leg can be constructed initially by providing a portion of fabric around the place where the leg has minimum circumference and extending it down to the ankle joint.
- This portion of fabric has moderate to high circumferential tension whilst on the leg and, therefore, moderate to high fabric-to-leg pressure. Then there is required a decreasing of the circumferencial tension and fabric-to-leg pressure at a selected and relatively rapid rate whilst proceeding from the region of minimum leg circumference to the top margin of the sock.
- the portion of fabric at the minimum leg circumference (band 1) and extending down to the ankle joint is located on an approximately conical shaped section of the wearer's leg and, therefore, the circumferencial fabric tension has a force component 'parallel' to the leg surface tending to push the fabric upwards.
- the position of fabric at the minimum leg circumference possesses an added ability to resist displacement downwards. Frictional resistance is also present.
- the adaptation of the Hatra Hose Pressure Tester involves replacing the woman's foot portion by appropriately larger ones for mens' socks and appropriately smaller ones for children's socks then extending the suspender clips from the locations existing for hosiery of which the legs extend above a wearer's calf, so as to be able to secure during test various socks with legs which extend to locations below a wearer's calf. Additional modification for testing children's socks involves replacement of the fixed and removable arms by ones with smaller cross section.
- Table I The purpose of Table I is to indicate the fabric-to-leg pressures applicable to all socks of the present invention and contrast these with pressure figures indicated in two prior United States Patents, a recognized quality standard, a recommended quality standard ans also with pressure figures which are typical of three types of men's socks of conventional type.
- socks of the present invention differ markedly and, therefore, belong to a different class of garment to conventional socks and to surgical, therapeutic and leg-support hosiery and support socks and are characterized by a much greater decrease of fabric-to-leg pressure from the location of minimum leg circumference to mid-calf.
- the percentage figure for the minimum decrease of fabric-to-leg pressure from the minimum leg circumference to the top marginal location will be the same proportion of 40% as the distance between the minimum leg circumference and top margin of the sock is to the distance between the minimum leg circumference and the location of the mid-calf circumference.
- a sock it is common practice to design a sock to fit a range of one or more foot sizes. Such foot sizes may be designated by shoe size or by foot length according to the system used. Within any range of one or more foot sizes, the contours of the feet and legs of the population of wearers vary and in this particular case, those portions of legs located below the knee.
- the one design of sock is, nevertheless, expected to fit not only wearers' feet of varying dimensions but also wearers' legs of varying dimensions. Socks with the characteristics of this invention can exhibit resistance to slipping down wearers' legs and minimal or negligible skin indentation or skin irritation for a high percentage of any population of wearers and for selected values of sock characteristics this percentage will exceed 90%.
- the performance in wear exhibited by the socks of the present invention differs noticeably, therefore, from that of mid-calf and below the calf socks having the prior known elastic tops.
- these latter types of percentage of population which finds resistance to slipping down the leg during walkingtogether with freedom from skin indentation and skin irritation may be as low as 10%.
- the production of socks with legs not extending above the mid-calf, without discrete elastic tops, but with an elastic yarn knitted or laid into the whole length of the leg fabric with constant yarn length per course does not greatly increase the percentage of a population of wearers with socks which resist slipping down their legs during walking.
- the required fabric-to-leg pressure of the sock may be achieved by incorporating elastic threads into the fabric of the sock. These threads may be made either wholly or partly of elastomeric material and/or textured or otherwise processed polymeric filament or fibre imparting elastic quality to the thread.
- the variation in the pressure may be achieved by varying the quantity of elastic thread or by varying the tension in the thread during the actual incorporation thereof into the fabric.
- the variation in tension may be obtained by variation in the form or size of stitch used.
- Asuitable knitting machine for production of a sock according to the present invention is one in which there is the capability of altering the length of all or some of the yarns fed (knitted or laid) into the knitted needles at each knitted course or at predetermined intervals during the knitting of the leg of the sock and/or varying the feed pattern for yarns.
- a particular yarn may be fed into the needles at every course, every second course, or not at all (varying the yarn course density).
- Knitting machines may have cylinders varying in diameter from approximately 2% inches (6 cm) to approximately 6 inches (15.2 cm) and may have a number of needles varying from 36 to 280.
- Fabric construction may be plain knit (also known as single jersey), rib knit or jacquard knit.
- Sock construction may include a heel pocket knitted by a reciprocating action, or it may be of a "tube" type without such heel product and with or without yarn knitted or laid into the tube fabric to form a heel patch.
- Knitting yarns employed in the production of the sock may be any of those commonly used in the present art. Such yarns may be spun from the following fibres: cotton, wool, acrylic, polyamide, polyester, regenerated cellulose or may be continuous filament yarns of the following types: polyamide, polyester, regenerated cellulose, spandex (segmented polyurethane), rubber (natural or synthetic).
- knitting may be performed from any mixtures of any two or more of any of the above mentioned fibres or continuous filaments in the form of blended mixtures, twisted mixtures or as core-spun yarns or wrapped fibres or filament yarns.
- This invention particularly concerns the leg portion of the sock, the knitting of the leg and the setting of the leg fabric.
- the knitting of the heel, foot and toe is performed according to the chosen design of sock, and according to known art. Following completion of knitting the toe opening (if present) is closed by any of the present available means.
- the sock shown in Figure 2 is knitted on a 3-feed KometTJ2 knitting machine also having for each diameter N176 needles.
- the sock has in the leg portion between the lines A and G, a fabric construction of 1 x 1 rib type. Characteristics of the fabric in the respective sections of the portion of the sock (to fit size range as specified in Example 2), are shown in the following table.
- the required variation in fabric-to-leg pressure is obtained by varying the number of courses of 235 dtex Spandex relative to the total number of courses in the respective sections of the sock.
- This sock provides comfortable fit without skin irritation and will resist slipping down the leg of 90% of that population of wearers for which it was designed.
- Knitting Machine in this example is an Esta, Model JU3 with 4 inch cylinder diameter and having 176 needles.
- This sock provides comfortable fit without skin irritation and will resist slipping down the leg of over 90% of that population of wearers for which it was designed.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Socks And Pantyhose (AREA)
Abstract
Claims (2)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU1294/79 | 1979-11-12 | ||
AUPE129479 | 1979-11-12 |
Publications (4)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0039707A1 EP0039707A1 (fr) | 1981-11-18 |
EP0039707A4 EP0039707A4 (fr) | 1982-03-29 |
EP0039707B1 EP0039707B1 (fr) | 1986-10-15 |
EP0039707B2 true EP0039707B2 (fr) | 1993-09-29 |
Family
ID=3768330
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP80902163A Expired - Lifetime EP0039707B2 (fr) | 1979-11-12 | 1980-11-11 | Chaussette tricotee amelioree |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0039707B2 (fr) |
JP (1) | JPH0235042B2 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA1156002A (fr) |
DE (1) | DE3071800D1 (fr) |
IT (1) | IT1134234B (fr) |
NZ (1) | NZ195521A (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1981001425A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS58169501A (ja) * | 1982-03-25 | 1983-10-06 | 鷲尾 邦夫 | 下衣ニツト製品の製造方法 |
JPH0619521Y2 (ja) * | 1989-01-27 | 1994-05-25 | 株式会社モンド | 靴 下 |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH489649A (de) † | 1967-07-17 | 1970-04-30 | Falke Rohen Fa Franz | Strumpf, insbesondere Herrenstrumpf, sowie Verfahren und Strickmaschine zu dessen Herstellung |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2441443A (en) * | 1942-07-29 | 1948-05-11 | Surgical Products Inc | Elastic garment |
AU247125B2 (en) * | 1960-07-25 | 1963-09-19 | The Kendal Company | Improvements inelastic garments |
US3098369A (en) * | 1961-12-01 | 1963-07-23 | Burlington Industries Inc | Compressive stocking |
AU407883B2 (en) * | 1964-09-07 | 1970-11-10 | Kayser Roth Corporation | Seamless support stocking |
US3250092A (en) * | 1965-01-25 | 1966-05-10 | Kayser Roth Corp | Method of knitting ladies seamless support stocking |
US3392553A (en) * | 1965-03-30 | 1968-07-16 | Burlington Industries Inc | Stay-up stocking |
GB1146726A (en) * | 1965-09-13 | 1969-03-26 | Monsanto Co | Knitted stocking and process and apparatus for making the same |
US3386270A (en) * | 1966-04-18 | 1968-06-04 | Alamance Ind Inc | Man's support sock and method of forming same |
AU409306B1 (en) * | 1966-04-27 | 1970-12-18 | Kayser-Roth Corporation | Method of knitting ladies seamless support stockings |
US3889494A (en) * | 1970-11-23 | 1975-06-17 | Kendall & Co | Stocking with compensated knee pressure |
AU525836B2 (en) * | 1977-05-10 | 1982-12-02 | Pacific Dunlop Ltd. | Sock |
-
1980
- 1980-11-07 CA CA000364203A patent/CA1156002A/fr not_active Expired
- 1980-11-11 DE DE8080902163T patent/DE3071800D1/de not_active Expired
- 1980-11-11 NZ NZ195521A patent/NZ195521A/xx unknown
- 1980-11-11 JP JP55502541A patent/JPH0235042B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1980-11-11 EP EP80902163A patent/EP0039707B2/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1980-11-11 WO PCT/AU1980/000085 patent/WO1981001425A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1980-11-12 IT IT25922/80A patent/IT1134234B/it active
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH489649A (de) † | 1967-07-17 | 1970-04-30 | Falke Rohen Fa Franz | Strumpf, insbesondere Herrenstrumpf, sowie Verfahren und Strickmaschine zu dessen Herstellung |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA1156002A (fr) | 1983-11-01 |
EP0039707A1 (fr) | 1981-11-18 |
EP0039707B1 (fr) | 1986-10-15 |
NZ195521A (en) | 1983-07-15 |
DE3071800D1 (en) | 1986-11-20 |
JPS56501684A (fr) | 1981-11-19 |
EP0039707A4 (fr) | 1982-03-29 |
IT1134234B (it) | 1986-08-13 |
IT8025922A0 (it) | 1980-11-12 |
JPH0235042B2 (fr) | 1990-08-08 |
WO1981001425A1 (fr) | 1981-05-28 |
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