EP0037765B1 - Interrupteur à arc tournant par action d'un aimant permanent - Google Patents

Interrupteur à arc tournant par action d'un aimant permanent Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0037765B1
EP0037765B1 EP81400459A EP81400459A EP0037765B1 EP 0037765 B1 EP0037765 B1 EP 0037765B1 EP 81400459 A EP81400459 A EP 81400459A EP 81400459 A EP81400459 A EP 81400459A EP 0037765 B1 EP0037765 B1 EP 0037765B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
permanent magnet
contact
arc
magnet
shaped
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81400459A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0037765A1 (fr
Inventor
Georges Bernard
Serge Olive
Francesco Scarponi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Merlin Gerin SA
Original Assignee
Merlin Gerin SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Merlin Gerin SA filed Critical Merlin Gerin SA
Publication of EP0037765A1 publication Critical patent/EP0037765A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0037765B1 publication Critical patent/EP0037765B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/18—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet
    • H01H33/182—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet using permanent magnets

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a rotary arc switch as defined in the preamble of claim 1.
  • Document US-A-3082307 describes a vacuum interrupter having a permanent magnet for blowing the rotating arc.
  • the magnet is housed in a separate chamber provided inside the cylinder-shaped contact.
  • the magnet is attached to the bottom of the cylinder, which constitutes the contact surface, and is separated from the arc zone by a distance corresponding to the thickness of the bottom.
  • the arc track is materialized by an annular bead in low projection.
  • the object of the present invention is to allow the production of another type of permanent magnet switch with vigorous arc blowing and maintaining the arc in the maximum blowing zone.
  • the object of the invention is achieved by the features mentioned in claim 1.
  • the magnet By placing the magnet inside the enclosure and in the immediate vicinity of the annular electrode, the magnet is only separated from the arc zone by the thickness of the electrode which may be small.
  • the magnetic blowing field is therefore intense, which promotes rapid extinction of the arc.
  • the arrangement of the magnet inside the contact and the insertion of an insulating layer protects the magnet from any demagnetizing field.
  • the central cavity of the annular electrode and of the permanent magnet prevents any hooking of the arc on the central part of the contact in the zone of zero field. In the cut-off interval defined by the contacts, there remains no metal part capable of attracting the arc, and the latter is maintained on the annular tracks in the maximum blowing zone without making use of insulating coatings subjected to the action of the arc.
  • the permanent magnet can be shaped as a solid cylinder with axial magnetization having a blind central cavity, or according to another embodiment as a hollow cylinder with radial magnetization.
  • a permanent magnet in the form of a hollow cylinder with radial magnetization is described in document DE-B-1236628.
  • the magnet externally surrounds a bell-shaped contact, the external annular edge of which covers the front face of the magnet and constitutes the contact surface.
  • the arc anchored on the annular border can move towards the center and the interior of the bell where the magnetic field is null.
  • the insulating layer separating the permanent magnet from the contact electrically and thermally insulates the magnet.
  • the central cavity of the magnet is covered with a metal screen protecting the magnet, while the opposite rear face of the magnet is in thermal contact with a metal piece of heat dissipation to prevent excessive heating of the magnet.
  • This metal part can be arranged in a magnetic bolt for strengthening and optimal orientation of the lines of force of the magnetic blowing field.
  • the envelope is filled with an electronegative gas such as sulfur hexafluoride and according to an important development of the invention, the magnetic blowing of the arc is combined with a pneumatic blowing obtained by a subdivision of the volume of the envelope in two chambers, one of which contains the separable contacts and the other of which constitutes an exhaust volume of the gases compressed by the action of the arc, the communication between the two chambers being arranged in the pneumatic blowing nozzle of the 'bow.
  • This communication can be constituted by the tubular movable contact passing through the partition separating the two chambers.
  • the internal space of the tubular contact communicates with the two chambers respectively by radial orifices and by the open end forming the contact surface.
  • an insulating casing 10 of cylindrical shape is closed at its ends by bottoms 12, 14, the casing being filled with an electronegative gas, such as sulfur hexafluoride, advantageously under pressure.
  • an electronegative gas such as sulfur hexafluoride
  • Inside the casing 10 are axially disposed a fixed contact, designated by the general reference 16, and a movable contact 18, mounted with axial sliding action and secured to a control rod 20, which passes in a sealed manner through the bottom 14.
  • An internal partition 22 subdivides the internal volume of the casing 10 in two chambers 24 and 26, the movable contact 18 passing through the partition 22.
  • the chamber 24 constitutes the switching chamber of the switch in which the contacts 16, 18 are arranged, while the chamber 26 constitutes a volume exhaust of compressed gases by the action of the arc drawn in the chamber 24.
  • the movable tubular contact 18 constitutes a communication between the chambers 24, 26, the internal volume 28 of the tubular contact communicating on the one hand by orifices radial 30 with the chamber 26, and through the open end 32 with the chamber 24.
  • the annular edge 34 of the movable contact 18 constitutes the annular contact surface cooperating by abutment in the closed position of the switch with the fixed contact 16.
  • the edge 34 constitutes an annular station for migration of the arc root drawn between the separate contacts 16, 18.
  • the fixed contact 16 in the form of a hollow cylinder with a diameter equivalent to that of the movable contact 18 has on its flat face opposite the movable contact 18 an annular electrode or contact surface 36 cooperating in the closed position with the conjugate annular surface 34
  • a permanent magnet 38 in the form of a cylinder the bottom of which is attached to the rear face of the annular electrode 36.
  • the permanent magnet 38 with axial magnetization present in its part central opposite the orifice of the annular electrode 36 a cavity or blind hole 40.
  • a metal screen 42 covers the wall of the recess 40 and is connected to the circular edges of the electrode 36.
  • the face of the magnet 38 opposite the movable contact 18 is covered on its outer periphery by the annular electrode 36 and on its central part by the metal screen 42.
  • the fixed contact 16 is attached and fixed to the bottom 12 of the 'envel oppe 10, which is crossed by a terminal 44 for supplying current.
  • the permanent magnet 38 is electrically and thermally isolated from the fixed contact 16 by an insulating layer 46 covering on the one hand the cylindrical surface of the magnet 38 and on the other hand the planar face attached to the electrode 36. It is clear that the current flowing through the fixed contact 16 remains confined in the external cylindrical part of the contact 16 and does not generate any magnetic field inside the contact capable of demagnetizing the permanent magnet 18.
  • the rear face of the permanent magnet 38 is attached to a magnetic carcass 48 which facilitates cooling by thermal conduction of the magnet 38.
  • the presence of the carcass 48 increases the intensity of the magnetic field generated by the magnet 38 and this carcass 48 is advantageously extended by an external crown 50 of the contact 16.
  • FIG. 1 on which the lines of force 51 of the magnet 38 are shown, it can be seen that the part 50 of the carcass 48 modifies the orientation of the li force genes, so as to orient the latter substantially horizontally in the figure in the separation zone of the contacts 16, 18.
  • the contacts 16, 18 are made of a non-magnetic material.
  • Figure 2 illustrates an alternative embodiment in which the same reference numbers are used to designate identical or similar parts to those of Figure 1.
  • the permanent magnet 52 housed inside of the fixed contact 16 is in the form of a hollow cylinder whose diameter of the central opening 54 corresponds substantially to the diameter of the central hole of the annular electrode 36.
  • the hollow cylinder is magnetized radially and it is easy to see that the lines of force 51, schematically represented in FIG. 2, have a configuration close to that obtained by the solid cylindrical magnet 38 in the variant according to FIG. 1.
  • the carcass 48 is eliminated and the screen 42 is transformed into a screen in the form of a ferrule 56 internally sheathing the hollow cylinder 52.
  • the cylindrical part of the contact 16 can be made of a ferromagnetic material reducing the reluctance of the magnetic circuit.
  • the tubular shape of the permanent magnet 52 allows an escape of gases through the fixed contact 16 and a double blowing of the arc. It is unnecessary to describe the operation of this alternative embodiment, operation absolutely identical to that described above.
  • the permanent magnet 38, 52 can be a ferrite magnet or a metal magnet or any other suitable type and the insulating layer 46, interposed between the magnet and the contact, can be based on polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • the assembly is particularly simple and does not require a large operating force. None of the parts are subjected to electrodynamic forces of repulsion which pose serious problems in the rotary arc switches using the blow coils.

Landscapes

  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
EP81400459A 1980-04-04 1981-03-24 Interrupteur à arc tournant par action d'un aimant permanent Expired EP0037765B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8007904A FR2480028A1 (fr) 1980-04-04 1980-04-04 Interrupteur a arc tournant par action d'un aimant permanent
FR8007904 1980-04-04

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0037765A1 EP0037765A1 (fr) 1981-10-14
EP0037765B1 true EP0037765B1 (fr) 1984-08-01

Family

ID=9240661

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81400459A Expired EP0037765B1 (fr) 1980-04-04 1981-03-24 Interrupteur à arc tournant par action d'un aimant permanent

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US4424428A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
EP (1) EP0037765B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5761223A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA1154481A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE3165171D1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2480028A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IN (1) IN154156B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2515418A1 (fr) * 1981-10-26 1983-04-29 Merlin Gerin Interrupteur a autoexpansion et a aimant permanent
FR2526998A1 (fr) * 1982-05-13 1983-11-18 Merlin Gerin Interrupteur a arc tournant et a aimant permanent
JP2679499B2 (ja) * 1991-12-27 1997-11-19 三菱電機株式会社 遮断器及び開閉部の操作機構
US6064024A (en) * 1999-06-25 2000-05-16 Eaton Corporation Magnetic enhanced arc extinguisher for switching assemblies having rotatable permanent magnets in housings mounted to fixed contacts
FR2824182A1 (fr) * 2001-04-26 2002-10-31 Alstom Disjoncteur a arc tournant a aimant permanent
JP2012038684A (ja) * 2010-08-11 2012-02-23 Fuji Electric Fa Components & Systems Co Ltd 接点装置及びこれを使用した電磁開閉器
JP6044378B2 (ja) * 2013-02-13 2016-12-14 オムロン株式会社 切替装置
JP7594120B2 (ja) * 2021-02-26 2024-12-03 シァメン ホンファ エレクトリック パワー コントロールズ カンパニー リミテッド 永久磁石消弧付きの高圧直流リレー

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE505540A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1950-11-10
US2725446A (en) 1950-11-18 1955-11-29 Westinghouse Electric Corp Circuit interrupter
DE967984C (de) * 1951-02-27 1958-01-02 Deutsche Edelstahlwerke Ag Schaltkontakt mit magnetischer Beblasung
CH346927A (de) * 1956-07-10 1960-06-15 Ckd Modrany Narodni Podnik Löschkammer aus Metall für elektrische Schaltgeräte
US3082307A (en) * 1959-04-30 1963-03-19 Gen Electric Vacuum type circuit interrupter
FR1257305A (fr) * 1959-04-30 1961-03-31 Thomson Houston Comp Francaise Interrupteur à coupure dans le vide
DE1236628B (de) * 1961-05-17 1967-03-16 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Elektrischer Schalter, insbesondere Schuetz
CH612293A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1977-04-29 1979-07-13 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie
DE2752765A1 (de) * 1977-11-25 1979-05-31 Hermann Sturm Schaltkontaktstueck fuer leistungsschalter und schaltschuetze
DE2759267C3 (de) 1977-12-30 1980-09-11 Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen Druckgasschalter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0037765A1 (fr) 1981-10-14
DE3165171D1 (en) 1984-09-06
IN154156B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1984-09-29
FR2480028B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1982-10-29
FR2480028A1 (fr) 1981-10-09
JPS5761223A (en) 1982-04-13
CA1154481A (en) 1983-09-27
US4424428A (en) 1984-01-03

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