EP0034994A1 - Composite product of a tubular envelope and a core of compacted pulverulent material and its manufacturing method - Google Patents
Composite product of a tubular envelope and a core of compacted pulverulent material and its manufacturing method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0034994A1 EP0034994A1 EP81420023A EP81420023A EP0034994A1 EP 0034994 A1 EP0034994 A1 EP 0034994A1 EP 81420023 A EP81420023 A EP 81420023A EP 81420023 A EP81420023 A EP 81420023A EP 0034994 A1 EP0034994 A1 EP 0034994A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- product
- section
- pulverulent
- granular material
- envelope
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical group [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010310 metallurgical process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 235000013365 dairy product Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000001914 calming effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940082150 encore Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellurium atom Chemical compound [Te] PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HIGRAKVNKLCVCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumine Chemical compound C1=CC=[Al]C=C1 HIGRAKVNKLCVCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010436 fluorite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010301 surface-oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0255—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in welding
- B23K35/0261—Rods, electrodes, wires
- B23K35/0277—Rods, electrodes, wires of non-circular cross-section
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
- B65B9/00—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, e.g. liquids or semiliquids, in flat, folded, or tubular webs of flexible sheet material; Subdividing filled flexible tubes to form packages
- B65B9/06—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, in a longitudinally-folded web, or in a web folded into a tube about the articles or quantities of material placed upon it
- B65B9/067—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, in a longitudinally-folded web, or in a web folded into a tube about the articles or quantities of material placed upon it the web advancing continuously
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0056—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00 using cored wires
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
- Y10T428/12028—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, etc.]
- Y10T428/12042—Porous component
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
- Y10T428/12028—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, etc.]
- Y10T428/12063—Nonparticulate metal component
- Y10T428/12097—Nonparticulate component encloses particles
Definitions
- the invention relates more generally, a composite product with a tubular casing, comprising a metallic casing and a core made of a pulverulent or granular material which adheres to the casing, able to be easily rolled up then unrolled and erected.
- the invention also relates to the method of manufacturing this composite product.
- the invention also relates to a method of treating molten metal baths using this composite product.
- US Patent 2,705,196 describes the addition, in steel or liquid iron, of aluminum, silicon, silico-calcium or other materials as deoxidizers. In order to avoid oxidation on the surface of the bath of these additives, these are wrapped in an envelope which may for example be made of mild steel and which is immersed in the bath by any suitable method.
- FR 2,269,581 also describes a method of introducing an aluminum wire or another metal or reducing alloy into liquid steel to deoxidize or calm it in the case of a casting installation keep on going. To avoid surface oxidation of the wire, it is coated with a thin steel casing which protects it from oxidation before entering the metal bath. This allows the steel to be continuously deoxidized by introducing aluminum wire coated with its envelope at a suitable speed, directly into the continuous casting mold for the duration of this casting.
- the sheathing of the reducing metal wire is carried out in a very simple way by wrapping it in a thin metallic ribbon which is plated on the wire by passing the assembly through dies of diameter decreasing.
- the ribbon is thus wound around the wire with covering and drawing, the wire playing the role of mandrel.
- a composite product of circular section is thus obtained which can be wound into a reel and which, at the time of use, will be unwound by means of a suitable unwinding and driving device, which will allow it to be introduced at the desired speed. in the metal bath to be treated.
- US Patent 3,915,693 describes a composite product which comprises a metallic envelope and a core constituted by a granular material, which is used in particular for deoxidation treatments, grain refining, or the like, in continuous casting.
- metals such as aluminum or steel.
- the product is produced either by filling a preexisting tube with the granular material, or by enclosing the granular material in a metallic envelope formed continuously from a strip. In both cases, a gradual reduction in diameter is carried out on the filled tube by different methods such as rolling, hammering or drawing, which make it possible to increase the length of the tube while reducing its diameter and thickness. .
- the composite product obtained is always of circular section.
- this patent describes a tube filled with granular material whose outside diameter is 1 inch (25.4 mm) which is reduced to a final diameter of 3/8 inch (9.5 mm).
- the length of this tube is increased from 246 feet (approximately 75m) to 1755 feet (approximately 535m), ie an aspect ratio of approximately 7.1. It can be seen that, under these conditions, the initial thickness of the wall of the tube is divided by approximately 2.7.
- the object of the invention is a composite product with a tubular casing which comprises a metal casing, closed by stapling and possibly crimping parallel to its axis, inside which is housed a pulverulent or granular material.
- the section of this product comprises at least two flattened parallel zones arranged opposite one another.
- This section can for example be square or rectangular or even have the shape of a flattened oval. Particularly favorable results are obtained in the case of sections in which the ratio between the largest axis and the smallest axis, the latter measuring the distance between two parallel flattened zones arranged opposite one another, is at least 1.1.
- Another object of the invention is a process for producing this composite product with a tubular envelope.
- a tubular casing of substantially circular section obtained by any method, inside which has been accommodated, by any method also, a pulverulent or granular non-packed material.
- This starting product is subjected to a deformation of its section, with a substantially constant perimeter and without significant elongation in the direction length so as to compact the pulverulent or granular material without significant displacement relative to the envelope.
- this deformation is carried out so as to obtain two flattened parallel zones opposite one another.
- the compacting of the pulverulent material carried out in "e” above is carried out by simple reduction of section without elongation and without modifying the thickness of the envelope, leaving the material constituting the core in the porous state. . This avoids hardening of the metal shell of the composite product, and facilitates the subsequent use of the finished product.
- the invention also relates to a method of treating molten metal baths with pulverulent or granular materials in the compacted state constituting the core of the composite product with tubular envelope which constitutes the first object of the invention.
- the composite product with a tubular envelope previously wound on a drum or a reel is unwound, then erected, then introduced into the metal bath to be treated at a speed and for a time which are adjusted according to the quantities to be introduced and the duration of the metallurgical process.
- the invention may be applied in general, the detailed description below relates more particularly to the refining, deoxidation, degassing, calming of molten metal baths, and / or modification or adjustment of the composition by means of a composite product, the envelope of which is a strip of a metal compatible with the bath, such as: a steel, aluminum, copper, or another metal or alloy.
- the core consists of the powdery or granular treatment material.
- a roller (10) delivers, along the arrow, a metal strip (101) of steel for example, to a continuous cold forming line, starting with a first series (11) of forming rollers such that (110) to (115).
- a roller ( Figure la) one begins to deform the strip giving it a hollow profile (102).
- the strip has received a semi-closed cross section in the form of a gutter, its two edges (116) and (117) being suitably shaped so that one can later be attached to the other.
- a dispensing nozzle (120) fills in passing the gutter (103) with the pulverulent treatment material (105).
- This filling can be quantified in itself, by regulating the flow rate of pulverulent material (pressure applied for example).
- pulverulent material pressure applied for example.
- we then adjusts the dosage of the pulverulent material for example by equalizing its level by means of a scraper (125 figure 1d).
- the latter also performs wiping of the edges (116) and (117), on the internal side.
- the forming line comprises a second series (13) of forming rollers, such as (130) to (135). These bring the edges (116) and (117) towards each other, staple them to each other at point e (figure le), then preferably crimp the connection thus formed by crushing the joint of the two edges (figure If).
- the forming chain is completed by a third series (14) of rollers, such as (140) to (145) which deform the envelope, without appreciable axial elongation, and cause a reduction in section at constant perimeter, giving the product a section having at least two flattened parallel zones opposite one another.
- the reduction in section carried out is of the order of at least 15%. This produces a compacting of the pulverulent material on site, which gives it good cohesion as well as excellent support inside the envelope which encloses it. This gives a limited compression of the pulverulent or granular material which remains porous.
- the closed gutter (Figure If) being substantially circular, one easily obtains according to the invention, a flattened profile close to a rectangle (106 Figure 3), a flattened oval (107 Figure 4) or a rectangle with short semicircular sides (108 figure 5).
- the crimped seal is preferably folded down as shown in the figures
- the composite product with a tubular envelope thus obtained can be easily wound on a drum (150) as seen in FIG. 6, in the case of a product of almost rectangular section, by a guide system for example of the type with cam in the heart or by any other means which ensures suitable cutting.
- a guide system for example of the type with cam in the heart or by any other means which ensures suitable cutting.
- the introduction and metering of the pulverulent material may be carried out as illustrated in FIG. 2: a hollow mandrel (200) is supported by a bar (201) also hollow , to be introduced into the gutter before it is closed, produced in (210) by rollers not shown.
- the pulverulent or granular material is pushed inside the mandrel holder bar (201) and the hollow mandrel (200) to be introduced into the gutter at the level of the head of the mandrel (205). Enlarged to the suitable shape, it serves at the same time as a support to ensure the crimping of the edges (116) and (117), as illustrated in FIG. Then, the material is compacted according to the invention using the third series (14) of forming rollers ( Figure 1).
- the filling can be carried out as a variant by other injection means with or without gas pressure, depending on the characteristics of the pulverulent or granular material and the geometric shape of the envelope.
- the application to the treatment of molten metal baths is carried out as follows: the quantity of product required is known; the drum (150) is brought above the bath, and the suitable length of the composite product according to the invention is unrolled therein in a short time, cut by suitable means at the end of the process.
- This means is particularly suitable for steel pockets or continuous casting distributors.
- the metal casing is generally produced from a folded and crimped band, made of the same base metal as the liquid metal. This envelope is therefore in this sense non-reactive with respect to the metal bath.
- the envelope can also be used as actual filler metal, for example an aluminum envelope for introduction into a steel bath.
- a composite product with a tubular envelope was produced by the above method from a steel strip 0.4 mm thick and 36.4 mm wide. After having formed it into a gutter, a pulverulent material based on Si Ca containing 30% of Ca was introduced inside. It was then rolled, stapled, and crimped the strip so as to obtain a 10 mm tube. outside diameter filled with powdery material.
- This tube was then crushed so as to obtain a practically rectangular cross section with rounded angles and measuring 11 x 6 mm.
- This final deformation was carried out cold, without appreciable elongation and resulted in a reduction of the internal section of approximately 16Z. This resulted in effective compaction of the pulverulent material and also a tightening of the envelope on this compacted material which guarantees that the pulverulent or granular material is kept in place during subsequent manipulations.
- the composite product was wound by cutting on a coil of 600 mm in diameter. We thus obtained a filling density of the coil 20 to 25% higher than it would be with a round product. The excellent mechanical strength of the composite product was observed during this winding as well as during the subsequent unwinding during use.
- the composite product penetrates well into the heart of a bath of molten steel. Remaining both porous and compressed, the pulverulent or granular material reacts with the liquid steel under optimal conditions of efficiency and yield.
- the present invention is not limited to the embodiment described, and extends to any variant in accordance with its spirit. It is in particular susceptible of other applications, for example in the case of steel welding electrodes internally containing their flux, for bath welding.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
- Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
- Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
Abstract
L'invention concerne de la façon la plus générale un produit composite à enveloppe tubulaire métallique, dont l'âme est une matière pulvérulente ou granulaire, apte à être facilement enroulé puis déroulé et dressé. Suivant l'invention, la matière pulvérulente se trouve à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe à l'état compacté et de plus la section du produit présente au moins deux zones aplaties en face l'une de l'autre. L'invention concerne aussi la méthode de réalisation de ce produit et son application au traitement de bains métalliques fondus. Ce produit est utilisé principalement pour l'affinage, la désoxydation ou le calmage de bains métalliques fondus, en particulier dans le cas des aciers.The invention relates more generally to a composite product with a metallic tubular casing, the core of which is a pulverulent or granular material, capable of being easily wound up, then unwound and erected. According to the invention, the pulverulent material is located inside the envelope in the compacted state and moreover the section of the product has at least two flattened zones opposite one another. The invention also relates to the method for producing this product and its application to the treatment of molten metal baths. This product is mainly used for refining, deoxidation or calming of molten metal baths, in particular in the case of steels.
Description
L'invention concerne de la façon la plus générale, un produit composite à enveloppe tubulaire, comportant une enveloppe métallique et une âme en une matière pulvérulente ou granulaire qui adhère à l'enveloppe, apte à être facilement enroulé puis déroulé et dressé.The invention relates more generally, a composite product with a tubular casing, comprising a metallic casing and a core made of a pulverulent or granular material which adheres to the casing, able to be easily rolled up then unrolled and erected.
L'invention concerne également le procédé de fabrication de ce produit composite.The invention also relates to the method of manufacturing this composite product.
Enfin, l'invention concerne aussi un procédé de traitement de bains métalliques fondus au moyen de ce produit composite.Finally, the invention also relates to a method of treating molten metal baths using this composite product.
L'introduction dans des bains métalliques fondus de substances destinées à les affiner, les désoxyder, les dégazer, les calmer et/ou modifier leur composition, est de pratique courante en métallurgie.The introduction into molten metal baths of substances intended to refine, deoxidize, degas them, calm them and / or modify their composition, is common practice in metallurgy.
De nombreux procédés ou dispositifs ont été mis au point pour améliorer le rendement d'introduction de ces substances et aussi l'efficacité et la reproductibilité des résultats.Many methods or devices have been developed to improve the efficiency of introduction of these substances and also the efficiency and reproducibility of the results.
C'est ainsi que le brevet US 2.705.196 décrit l'addition, dans de l'acier ou de la fonte liquide, d'aluminium, de silicium, de silico- calcium ou d'autres matières comme désoxydants. Afin d'éviter l'oxydation à la surface du bain de ces additifs, ceux-ci sont enveloppés dans une enveloppe qui peut être par exemple en acier doux et qui est immergée dans le bain par toute méthode convenable.Thus, US Patent 2,705,196 describes the addition, in steel or liquid iron, of aluminum, silicon, silico-calcium or other materials as deoxidizers. In order to avoid oxidation on the surface of the bath of these additives, these are wrapped in an envelope which may for example be made of mild steel and which is immersed in the bath by any suitable method.
Le FR 2.269.581 décrit par ailleurs une méthode d'introduction d'un fil d'aluminium ou d'un autre métal ou alliage réducteur dans de l'acier liquide pour le désoxyder ou le calmer dans le cas d'une installation de coulée continue. Pour éviter l'oxydation superficielle du fil, celui-ci est revêtu d'une enveloppe mince en acier qui le protège de l'oxydation avant pénétration dans le bain métallique. Ceci permet d'effectuer en continu la désoxydation de l'acier par introduction du fil d'aluminium revêtu de son enveloppe à vitesse convenable, directement dans le moule de coulée continue pendant toute la durée de cette coulée.FR 2,269,581 also describes a method of introducing an aluminum wire or another metal or reducing alloy into liquid steel to deoxidize or calm it in the case of a casting installation keep on going. To avoid surface oxidation of the wire, it is coated with a thin steel casing which protects it from oxidation before entering the metal bath. This allows the steel to be continuously deoxidized by introducing aluminum wire coated with its envelope at a suitable speed, directly into the continuous casting mold for the duration of this casting.
Le gainage du fil de métal réducteur est réalisé de façon très simple en l'enveloppant dans un ruban métallique mince que l'on plaque sur le fil en faisant passer l'ensemble à travers des filières de diamètre décroissant. Le ruban est ainsi enroulé autour du fil avec recouvrement et étirage, le fil jouant le rôle de mandrin. On obtient ainsi un produit composite de section circulaire qui peut être enroulé en bobine et qui, au moment de l'utilisation,,sera déroulé grâce à un dispositif de déroulage et d'entraînement convenable, qui permettra de l'introduire à la vitesse voulue dans le bain métallique à traiter.The sheathing of the reducing metal wire is carried out in a very simple way by wrapping it in a thin metallic ribbon which is plated on the wire by passing the assembly through dies of diameter decreasing. The ribbon is thus wound around the wire with covering and drawing, the wire playing the role of mandrel. A composite product of circular section is thus obtained which can be wound into a reel and which, at the time of use, will be unwound by means of a suitable unwinding and driving device, which will allow it to be introduced at the desired speed. in the metal bath to be treated.
Enfin, le brevet US 3.915.693 décrit un produit composite qui comporte une enveloppe métallique et une âme constituée par une matière granulaire, qui est utilisé en particulier pour des traitements de désoxydation, d'affinage du grain, ou autres, dans la coulée continue de métaux tels que l'aluminium ou l'acier.Finally, US Patent 3,915,693 describes a composite product which comprises a metallic envelope and a core constituted by a granular material, which is used in particular for deoxidation treatments, grain refining, or the like, in continuous casting. metals such as aluminum or steel.
Le produit est réalisé soit par remplissage d'un tube préexistant par la matière granulaire, soit en enfermant la matière granulaire dans une enveloppe métallique formée en continu à partir d'une bande. Dans les deux cas, on effectue, sur le tube rempli, une réduction progressive de diamètre par différentes méthodes telles que le laminage, le martelage ou l'étirage, qui permettent d'augmenter la longueur du tube tout en diminuant son diamètre et son épaisseur. Le produit composite obtenu est toujours de section circulaire.The product is produced either by filling a preexisting tube with the granular material, or by enclosing the granular material in a metallic envelope formed continuously from a strip. In both cases, a gradual reduction in diameter is carried out on the filled tube by different methods such as rolling, hammering or drawing, which make it possible to increase the length of the tube while reducing its diameter and thickness. . The composite product obtained is always of circular section.
C'est ainsi, par exemple, que ce brevet décrit un tube rempli de matière granulaire dont le diamètre extérieur est de 1 inch (25,4 mm) qui est réduit jusqu'à un diamètre final de 3/8 inch (9,5 mm). Au cours de l'opération de réduction, la longueur de ce tube est portée de 246 feet (environ 75m) à 1755 feet (environ 535m) soit un rapport d'allongement d'environ 7,1. On voit que, dans ces conditions, l'épaisseur initiale de la paroi du tube est divisée par environ 2,7.Thus, for example, this patent describes a tube filled with granular material whose outside diameter is 1 inch (25.4 mm) which is reduced to a final diameter of 3/8 inch (9.5 mm). During the reduction operation, the length of this tube is increased from 246 feet (approximately 75m) to 1755 feet (approximately 535m), ie an aspect ratio of approximately 7.1. It can be seen that, under these conditions, the initial thickness of the wall of the tube is divided by approximately 2.7.
Les essais effectués en vue d'appliquer l'enseignement de ces brevets à la réalisation de produits composites tubulaires comportant une âme en une matière pulvérulente ou granulaire et une enveloppe réalisée à partir d'une bande ou d'un ruban métallique, ont montré qu'il est difficile d'effectuer une réduction par étirage après fermeture de l'enveloppe. En effet, en l'absence d'une âme ductile pouvant servir d'appui à cette enveloppe et se déformer en même temps qu'elle, cette enveloppe tend à s'allonger irrégulièrement et à se rompre, et aussi à prendre une forme extérieure difficilement contrôlable. Par ailleurs, des essais ont montré qu'il est difficile de conserver la qualité d'un produit composite comportant une enveloppe mince en acier de section circulaire et une âme en une matière pulvérulente, en ce qui concerne en particulier la forme de cette enveloppe et la cohésion de l'âme, au cours de sa mise en oeuvre qui comporte un enroulage sur un tambour ou bobine, puis un déroulage suivi d'un dressage.The tests carried out with a view to applying the teaching of these patents to the production of tubular composite products comprising a core of pulverulent or granular material and an envelope produced from a metal strip or ribbon, have shown that It is difficult to carry out a reduction by stretching after closing the envelope. Indeed, in the absence of a ductile core which can serve as a support for this envelope and deform at the same time as it, this envelope tends to elongate irregularly and to rupture, and also to take an external shape. difficult to control. In addition, tests have shown that it is difficult to keep the quality of a composite product comprising a thin steel envelope of circular section and a core of a pulverulent material, as regards in particular the shape of this envelope and the cohesion of the core, during its implementation which involves winding on a drum or reel, then unwinding followed by dressing.
On a constaté aussi que, si on ne réalise pas un compactage de la matière pulvérulente à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe, cette matière n'adhère pas et tend à se déplacer à l'intérieur de cette enveloppe au cours des manipulations, et donc à se répartir de façon hétérogène, ce qui perturbe l'utilisation.It has also been found that, if the pulverulent material is not compacted inside the envelope, this material does not adhere and tends to move inside this envelope during handling, and therefore to be distributed heterogeneously, which disrupts use.
On a recherché les moyens de résoudre ces difficultés, c'est-à-dire de réaliser un produit composite à enveloppe tubulaire comportant une âme pulvérulente ou granulaire poreuse qui adhère à l'enveloppe et reste cohérente malgré les manipulations, ce produit étant apte à l'enroulage sur bobine ou tambour et au déroulage.Ways have been sought to resolve these difficulties, that is to say to produce a composite product with a tubular casing comprising a pulverulent or granular porous core which adheres to the casing and remains consistent despite the manipulations, this product being capable of winding on reel or drum and unwinding.
L'objet de l'invention est un produit composite à enveloppe tubulaire qui comporte une -enveloppe métallique, fermée par agrafage et éventuellement sertissage parallèlement à son axe, à l'intérieur de laquelle est logée une matière pulvérulente ou granulaire.The object of the invention is a composite product with a tubular casing which comprises a metal casing, closed by stapling and possibly crimping parallel to its axis, inside which is housed a pulverulent or granular material.
La section de ce produit comporte au moins deux zones aplaties parallèles disposées en face l'une de l'autre.The section of this product comprises at least two flattened parallel zones arranged opposite one another.
Cette section peut par exemple être carrée ou rectangulaire ou encore avoir la forme d'un ovale aplati. Des résultats particulièrement favorables sont obtenus dans le cas de sections dont le rapport entre le plus grand axe et le plus petit axe, ce dernier mesurant la distance entre deux zones aplaties parallèles disposées en face l'une de l'autre, est de au moins 1,1.This section can for example be square or rectangular or even have the shape of a flattened oval. Particularly favorable results are obtained in the case of sections in which the ratio between the largest axis and the smallest axis, the latter measuring the distance between two parallel flattened zones arranged opposite one another, is at least 1.1.
Un autre objet de l'invention est un procédé de réalisation de ce produit composite à enveloppe tubulaire.Another object of the invention is a process for producing this composite product with a tubular envelope.
Suivant ce procédé, on part d'une enveloppe tubulaire de section sensiblement circulaire, obtenue par une méthode quelconque, à l'intérieur de laquelle a été logée, par une méthode également quelconque, une matière pulvérulente ou granulaire non-tassée.According to this method, one starts from a tubular casing of substantially circular section, obtained by any method, inside which has been accommodated, by any method also, a pulverulent or granular non-packed material.
On fait subir à ce produit de départ une déformation de sa section, à périmètre sensiblement constant et sans allongement notable dans le sens de la longueur de façon à compacter la matière pulvérulente ou granulaire sans déplacement notable par rapport à l'enveloppe. De plus cette déformation est effectuée de façon à obtenir deux zones aplaties parallèles en face l'une de l'autre.This starting product is subjected to a deformation of its section, with a substantially constant perimeter and without significant elongation in the direction length so as to compact the pulverulent or granular material without significant displacement relative to the envelope. In addition, this deformation is carried out so as to obtain two flattened parallel zones opposite one another.
De préférence, on réalise le produit suivant l'invention de la façon suivante :
- a) profilage d'une bande métallique pour lui donner une forme de gouttière,
- b) introduction à l'intérieur de cette gouttière d'une quantité déterminée de matière pulvérulente ou granulaire,
- c) profilage des deux bords de cette gouttière puis rapprochement de ces deux bords l'un contre l'autre en enfermant la matière pulvérulente ou granulaire introduite,
- d) agrafage des deux bords l'un à l'autre, puis éventuellement sertissage, de façon à constituer un produit composite de section sensiblement circulaire,
- e) déformation de la section du produit composite à périmètre sensiblement constant et sans allongement notable, de façon à compacter la matière pulvérulente et à obtenir au moins deux zones aplaties, parallèles, en face l'une de l'autre.
- a) profiling a metal strip to give it a gutter shape,
- b) introduction into the interior of this gutter of a determined quantity of pulverulent or granular material,
- c) profiling of the two edges of this gutter then bringing these two edges together against each other by enclosing the pulverulent or granular material introduced,
- d) stapling of the two edges to each other, then possibly crimping, so as to constitute a composite product of substantially circular section,
- e) deformation of the section of the composite product at a substantially constant perimeter and without significant elongation, so as to compact the pulverulent material and to obtain at least two flattened, parallel zones, facing one another.
Ainsi, le compactage de la matière pulvérulente réalisé en "e"ci-dessus s'effectue par simple diminution de section sans allongement et sans modifier l'épaisseur de l'enveloppe, en laissant la matière constituant l'âme à l'état poreux. Ceci évite un durcissement de l'enveloppe métallique du produit composite, et facilite l'utilisation ultérieure du produit fini.Thus, the compacting of the pulverulent material carried out in "e" above is carried out by simple reduction of section without elongation and without modifying the thickness of the envelope, leaving the material constituting the core in the porous state. . This avoids hardening of the metal shell of the composite product, and facilitates the subsequent use of the finished product.
Enfin, l'invention a aussi pour objet une méthode de traitement de bains métalliques fondus par des matières pulvérulentes ou granulaires à l'état compacté constituant l'âme du produit composite à enveloppe tubulaire qui constitue le premier objet de l'invention.Finally, the invention also relates to a method of treating molten metal baths with pulverulent or granular materials in the compacted state constituting the core of the composite product with tubular envelope which constitutes the first object of the invention.
Selon cette méthode, le produit composite à enveloppe tubulaire préalablement enroulé sur un tambour ou une bobine est déroulé, puis dressé, puis introduit dans le bain métallique à traiter à une vitesse et pendant un temps qui sont ajustés en fonction des quantités à introduire et de la durée du processus métallurgique.According to this method, the composite product with a tubular envelope previously wound on a drum or a reel is unwound, then erected, then introduced into the metal bath to be treated at a speed and for a time which are adjusted according to the quantities to be introduced and the duration of the metallurgical process.
La description détaillée ainsi que l'exemple non limitatif qui suivent, permettent, avec l'aide des figures annexées dont la liste est donnée ci-après, de bien comprendre l'invention.The detailed description and the nonlimiting example which follow, allow, with the help of the appended figures whose list is given below, to fully understand the invention.
- La figure 1 illustre d'une manière générale une chaîne de formage mettant en oeuvre le procédé de l'invention.FIG. 1 generally illustrates a forming chain implementing the method of the invention.
- Les figures la à lf illustrent la forme du profil en différents points de la figure 1.Figures 1a to 1f illustrate the shape of the profile at different points in Figure 1.
- La figure 2 illustre une variante de la chaîne de formage selon l'invention.FIG. 2 illustrates a variant of the forming line according to the invention.
- Les figures 3 à 5 illustrent différentes formes de produits composites à enveloppe tubulaire fabriqués selon l'invention.Figures 3 to 5 illustrate different forms of composite products with a tubular casing manufactured according to the invention.
- La figure 6 illustre comment l'on peut stocker le produit composite à enveloppe tubulaire suivant l'invention, enroulé sur un tambour ou une bobine.FIG. 6 illustrates how the composite product with a tubular envelope according to the invention can be stored, wound on a drum or a reel.
Bien que l'invention puisse s'appliquer de manière générale, la description détaillée ci-après concerne plus spécialement l'affinage, la désoxydation, le dégazage, le calmage de bains métalliques fondus, et/ou la modification ou l'ajustement de la composition au moyen d'un produit composite dont l'enveloppe est une bande d'un métal compatible avec le bain, tel que : un acier, de l'aluminium, du cuivre, ou un autre métal ou alliage. L'âme est constituée par la matière de traitement pulvérulente ou granulaire.Although the invention may be applied in general, the detailed description below relates more particularly to the refining, deoxidation, degassing, calming of molten metal baths, and / or modification or adjustment of the composition by means of a composite product, the envelope of which is a strip of a metal compatible with the bath, such as: a steel, aluminum, copper, or another metal or alloy. The core consists of the powdery or granular treatment material.
Sur la figure 1, un rouleau (10) délivre, suivant la flèche, une bande métallique (101) en acier par exemple, à une chaîne de formage en continu à froid, commençant par une première série (11) de galets de formage tels que (110) à (115). Au point a (figure la), on commence à déformer la bande en lui donnant un profil creux (102). Au point b (derniers galets 115 et figure lb), la bande a reçu une section droite demi-fermée en forme de gouttière, ses deux bords (116) et (117) étant convenablement conformés pour pouvoir ultérieurement s'attacher l'un à l'autre. Au point c (figure 1c),une buse distributrice (120) remplit au passage la gouttière (103) par la matière pulvérulente de traitement (105). Ce remplissage peut être en lui-même quantifié, en règlant le débit de matière pulvérulente (pression appliquée par exemple). De préférence, on ajuste ensuite le dosage de la matière pulvérulente, par exemple en égalisant son niveau au moyen d'un râcleur (125 figure ld). Avantageusement, celui-ci réalise aussi un essuyage des bords (116) et (117), côté interne.In FIG. 1, a roller (10) delivers, along the arrow, a metal strip (101) of steel for example, to a continuous cold forming line, starting with a first series (11) of forming rollers such that (110) to (115). At point a (Figure la), one begins to deform the strip giving it a hollow profile (102). At point b (
Ensuite, la chaîne de formage comporte une seconde série (13) de galets de formage, tels que (130) à (135). Ceux-ci ramènent les bords (116) et (117) l'un vers l'autre, les agrafent l'un à l'autre au point e (figure le), puis'de préférence, sertissent la liaison ainsi formée en écrasant le joint des deux bords (figure If).Then, the forming line comprises a second series (13) of forming rollers, such as (130) to (135). These bring the edges (116) and (117) towards each other, staple them to each other at point e (figure le), then preferably crimp the connection thus formed by crushing the joint of the two edges (figure If).
Ensuite, la chaîne de formage est complétée par une troisième série (14) de galets, tels que (140) à (145)qui déformentl'enveïonpe, sans allongement axial notable, et entraînent une diminution de section à périmètre constant en conférant au produit une section présentant au moins deux zones aplaties parallèles en face l'une de l'autre. De préférence, la réduction de section effectuée est de l'ordre de 15% au moins. On-réalise ainsi un compactage de la matière pulvérulente sur place, qui lui donne une bonne cohésion ainsi qu'un excellent maintien à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe qui l'enserre. On obtient ainsi une compression limitée de la matière pulvérulente ou granulaire qui demeure poreuse. La gouttière refermée (figure If) étant sensiblement circulaire, on obtient aisément selon l'invention, un profil aplati proche d'un rectangle (106 figure 3), d'un ovale aplati (107 figure 4) ou encore d'un rectangle à petits côtés hémicirculaires (108 figure 5). Le joint serti se trouve finalement rabattu de préférence comme le montrent les figuresThen, the forming chain is completed by a third series (14) of rollers, such as (140) to (145) which deform the envelope, without appreciable axial elongation, and cause a reduction in section at constant perimeter, giving the product a section having at least two flattened parallel zones opposite one another. Preferably, the reduction in section carried out is of the order of at least 15%. This produces a compacting of the pulverulent material on site, which gives it good cohesion as well as excellent support inside the envelope which encloses it. This gives a limited compression of the pulverulent or granular material which remains porous. The closed gutter (Figure If) being substantially circular, one easily obtains according to the invention, a flattened profile close to a rectangle (106 Figure 3), a flattened oval (107 Figure 4) or a rectangle with short semicircular sides (108 figure 5). The crimped seal is preferably folded down as shown in the figures
3 à 5, sur un grand côté du rectangle ou de l'ovale au niveau de l'une des deux zones aplaties.3 to 5, on a large side of the rectangle or oval at one of the two flattened areas.
Le produit composite à enveloppe tubulaire ainsi obtenu peut être aisément enroulé sur un tambour (150) comme on le voit sur la figure 6, dans le cas d'un produit de section'quasi rectangulaire, par un système de guidage par exemple du type à came en coeur ou encore par tout autre moyen qui assure un trancanage convenable. Dans certains cas, notamment pour les épaisseurs importantes de l'enveloppe, l'introdùction et le dosage de la matière pulvérulente pourront être effectués comme illustré sur la figure 2 : un mandrin creux (200) est supporté par une barre (201) également creuse, pour s'introduire dans la gouttière avant sa fermeture, réalisée en (210) par des rouleaux non représentés. La matière pulvérulente ou granulaire est poussée à l'intérieur de la barre porte-mandrin (201) et du mandrin creux (200) pour s'introduire dans la gouttière au niveau de la tête du mandrin (205). Elargie à la forme convenable, celle-ci sert en même temps d'appui pour assurer le sertissage des bords (116) et (117), comme cela est illustré sur la figure lf. Ensuite, la matière est compactée conformément à l'invention à l'aide de la troisième série (14) de galets de formage (figure 1).The composite product with a tubular envelope thus obtained can be easily wound on a drum (150) as seen in FIG. 6, in the case of a product of almost rectangular section, by a guide system for example of the type with cam in the heart or by any other means which ensures suitable cutting. In some cases, especially for large thicknesses of the envelope, the introduction and metering of the pulverulent material may be carried out as illustrated in FIG. 2: a hollow mandrel (200) is supported by a bar (201) also hollow , to be introduced into the gutter before it is closed, produced in (210) by rollers not shown. The pulverulent or granular material is pushed inside the mandrel holder bar (201) and the hollow mandrel (200) to be introduced into the gutter at the level of the head of the mandrel (205). Enlarged to the suitable shape, it serves at the same time as a support to ensure the crimping of the edges (116) and (117), as illustrated in FIG. Then, the material is compacted according to the invention using the third series (14) of forming rollers (Figure 1).
Bien entendu, le remplissage peut s'effectuer en variante par d'autres moyens d'injection avec ou sans pression de gaz, suivant les caractéristiques de la matière pulvérulente ou granulaire et la forme géométrique de l'enveloppe.Of course, the filling can be carried out as a variant by other injection means with or without gas pressure, depending on the characteristics of the pulverulent or granular material and the geometric shape of the envelope.
L'application au cas du traitement de bains métalliques fondus s'effectue comme suit : on connaît la quantité de produit nécessaire ; le tambour (150) est amené au-dessus du bain, et l'on déroule dans celui-ci en un temps bref la longueur convenable du produit composite suivant l'invention, coupée par des moyens adéquats à la fin du processus. Ce moyen convient particulièrement bien pour les poches d'acier ou les répartiteurs de coulée continue.The application to the treatment of molten metal baths is carried out as follows: the quantity of product required is known; the drum (150) is brought above the bath, and the suitable length of the composite product according to the invention is unrolled therein in a short time, cut by suitable means at the end of the process. This means is particularly suitable for steel pockets or continuous casting distributors.
L'enveloppe métallique est généralement produite à partir d'une bande pliée et sertie, constituée du même métal de base que le métal liquide. Cette enveloppe est donc en ce sens non réactive à l'égard du bain métallique.The metal casing is generally produced from a folded and crimped band, made of the same base metal as the liquid metal. This envelope is therefore in this sense non-reactive with respect to the metal bath.
L'enveloppe peut également être utilisée comme métal d'apport proprement dit , par exemple une enveloppe d'aluminium pour introduction dans un bain d'acier.The envelope can also be used as actual filler metal, for example an aluminum envelope for introduction into a steel bath.
La matière pulvérulente ou granulaire qui constitue l'âme peut être à base de métaux ou alliages, de laitiers ou d'un mélange de ces produits. Cette matière peut notamment comprendre des substances réactives pour affiner, désoxyder, dégazer ou calmer le bain métallique fondu, ou pour modifier la nature des inclusions, ou encore pour jouer le rôle d'adjuvants. On peut citer en particulier :
- - des réducteurs tels que le calcium, le magnésium, le sodium, le bore, le titane, le zirconium, les terres-rares, ou encore d'autres éléments ou composés réducteurs,
- - des éléments adjuvants destinés à modifier les propriétés du métal, ou encore des éléments d'addition divers tels que le plomb, le bismuth, le sélénium, le tellure, ou le soufre,
- - des éléments d'addition destinés à ajuster la composition du bain métallique avec précision analytique accrue tels que C, Si, Mn, Ni, Cr, Mo,
- - tous alliages contenant les éléments ci-dessus associés à des métaux de base comme le fer, le silicium, l'aluminium, le cuivre, notamment. La matière peut également comporter en tout ou en partie, des laitiers en poudre, dont la composition correspond à celle des laitiers généralement utilisés dans les réactions métallurgiques d'élaboration ou d'affinage du métal liquide traité, tels qu'un mélange de chrome, d'alumine et de spath fluor.
- - reducing agents such as calcium, magnesium, sodium, boron, titanium, zirconium, rare earths, or other reducing elements or compounds,
- - additive elements intended to modify the properties of the metal, or also various addition elements such as lead, bismuth, selenium, tellurium, or sulfur,
- addition elements intended to adjust the composition of the metal bath with increased analytical precision such as C, Si, Mn, Ni, Cr, Mo,
- - all alloys containing the above elements associated with base metals such as iron, silicon, aluminum, copper, in particular. The material may also comprise, in whole or in part, powdered slag, the composition of which corresponds to that of slag generally used in metallurgical reactions for preparing or refining the treated liquid metal, such as a mixture of chromium, alumina and fluorspar.
L'exemple non limitatif ci-après décrit un mode de réalisation de l'invention.The nonlimiting example below describes an embodiment of the invention.
On a réalisé par le procédé ci-dessus un produit composite à enveloppe tubulaire à partir d'une bande en acier de 0,4 mm d'épaisseur et 36,4 mm de large. Après l'avoir formée en une gouttière on a introduit à · l'intérieur une matière pulvérulente à base de Si Ca à 30% de Ca. On a ensuite roulé, agrafé, et serti la bande de façon à obtenir un tube de 10 mm de diamètre extérieur rempli de matière pulvérulente.A composite product with a tubular envelope was produced by the above method from a steel strip 0.4 mm thick and 36.4 mm wide. After having formed it into a gutter, a pulverulent material based on Si Ca containing 30% of Ca was introduced inside. It was then rolled, stapled, and crimped the strip so as to obtain a 10 mm tube. outside diameter filled with powdery material.
Ce tube a alors été écrasé de façon à obtenir une section droite pratiquement rectangulaire à angles arrondis et mesurant 11 x 6 mm. Cette déformation finale a été effectuée à froid, sans allongement notable et a entraîné une réduction de la section intérieure d'environ 16Z. Il en est résulté un compactage efficace de la matière pulvérulente et aussi un serrage de l'enveloppe sur cette matière compactée qui garantit le maintient en place de la matière pulvérulente ou granulaire au cours des manipulations ultérieures.This tube was then crushed so as to obtain a practically rectangular cross section with rounded angles and measuring 11 x 6 mm. This final deformation was carried out cold, without appreciable elongation and resulted in a reduction of the internal section of approximately 16Z. This resulted in effective compaction of the pulverulent material and also a tightening of the envelope on this compacted material which guarantees that the pulverulent or granular material is kept in place during subsequent manipulations.
Le produit composite a été enroulé par trancanage sur une bobine de 600 mm de diamètre. On a obtenu ainsi une densité de remplissage de la bobine 20 à 25% supérieure à ce qu'elle serait avec un produit rond. On a constaté l'excellente tenue mécanique du produit composite au cours de cet enroulage ainsi qu'au cours du déroulage ultérieur lors de l'utilisation. Le produit composite pénètre bien au coeur d'un bain d'acier en fusion. Restant à la fois poreuse et comprimée, la matière pulvérulente ou granulaire réagit avec l'acier liquide dans des conditions optimales d'efficacité et de rendement.The composite product was wound by cutting on a coil of 600 mm in diameter. We thus obtained a filling density of the coil 20 to 25% higher than it would be with a round product. The excellent mechanical strength of the composite product was observed during this winding as well as during the subsequent unwinding during use. The composite product penetrates well into the heart of a bath of molten steel. Remaining both porous and compressed, the pulverulent or granular material reacts with the liquid steel under optimal conditions of efficiency and yield.
Bien entendu, la présente invention n'est pas limitée au mode de réalisation décrit, et s'étend à toute variante conforme à son esprit. Elle est notamment susceptible d'autres applications, par exemple au cas d'électrodes de soudage en acier contenant intérieurement leur flux, pour le soudage au bain.Of course, the present invention is not limited to the embodiment described, and extends to any variant in accordance with its spirit. It is in particular susceptible of other applications, for example in the case of steel welding electrodes internally containing their flux, for bath welding.
Claims (16)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT81420023T ATE13560T1 (en) | 1980-02-26 | 1981-02-25 | COMPOSITE PRODUCT WITH A TUBULAR WRAP AND A CORE OF COMPACT POWDERY MATERIAL AND PROCESS FOR ITS MANUFACTURE. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8004194 | 1980-02-26 | ||
FR8004194A FR2476542B1 (en) | 1980-02-26 | 1980-02-26 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0034994A1 true EP0034994A1 (en) | 1981-09-02 |
EP0034994B1 EP0034994B1 (en) | 1985-05-29 |
EP0034994B2 EP0034994B2 (en) | 1990-10-24 |
Family
ID=9238977
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP81420023A Expired - Lifetime EP0034994B2 (en) | 1980-02-26 | 1981-02-25 | Composite product of a tubular envelope and a core of compacted pulverulent material and its manufacturing method |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US4364770A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0034994B2 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS56133404A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE13560T1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA1154917A (en) |
DE (1) | DE3170678D1 (en) |
ES (2) | ES8201474A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2476542B1 (en) |
HK (1) | HK56386A (en) |
MX (1) | MX155464A (en) |
MY (1) | MY8600504A (en) |
SG (1) | SG97685G (en) |
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FR2535997A1 (en) * | 1982-11-15 | 1984-05-18 | Vallourec | END CONNECTION OF FOURRA THREADS |
FR2541937A1 (en) * | 1983-03-03 | 1984-09-07 | Vallourec | COMPOSITE PRODUCT WITH AGGREGATED TUBULAR METAL ENVELOPE AND PULVERULENT WAVE FOR WINDING |
FR2542761A1 (en) * | 1983-03-15 | 1984-09-21 | Vallourec | PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING HIGH-MACHINING STEELS |
FR2552107A1 (en) * | 1983-09-20 | 1985-03-22 | Vallourec | PROCESS FOR PROCESSING STEEL WITH CALCIUM FOR HIGH COLD SHAPING CAPABILITY AND LOW SILICON CONTENT |
EP0167301A2 (en) * | 1984-06-07 | 1986-01-08 | Origin Company Limited | Filter medium and method of manufacturing the same |
EP0187997A1 (en) * | 1985-01-17 | 1986-07-23 | Kinglor - Ltd | Process for the automatic forming of continuous metal tube filled with powdered materials, its direct introduction into liquid metal, and related equipment |
FR2576320A1 (en) * | 1985-01-24 | 1986-07-25 | Vallourec | Process for the treatment of liquid ferrous metals using a cored wire containing calcium |
FR2594850A1 (en) * | 1986-02-24 | 1987-08-28 | Vallourec | TUBULAR ENCLOSED COMPOSITE PRODUCT COMPRISING COMPACT MATERIAL FOR THE TREATMENT OF LIQUID METALS AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING THE SAME |
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WO2008009414A1 (en) * | 2006-07-20 | 2008-01-24 | Heraeus Electro-Nite International N.V. | High dimensional cored wires containing oxygen removers and a process for making the same |
WO2008031473A1 (en) * | 2006-09-15 | 2008-03-20 | Odermath Stahlwerkstechnik Gmbh | Cored wire and method and device for the continuous production of a cored wire |
US7906747B2 (en) | 2004-06-10 | 2011-03-15 | Affival | Cored wire |
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- 1981-02-24 US US06/237,805 patent/US4364770A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1981-02-25 DE DE8181420023T patent/DE3170678D1/en not_active Expired
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- 1981-02-25 EP EP81420023A patent/EP0034994B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Cited By (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0112259A1 (en) * | 1982-11-15 | 1984-06-27 | Vallourec | Attachment of the edges of enveloped alloying rods |
FR2535997A1 (en) * | 1982-11-15 | 1984-05-18 | Vallourec | END CONNECTION OF FOURRA THREADS |
FR2541937A1 (en) * | 1983-03-03 | 1984-09-07 | Vallourec | COMPOSITE PRODUCT WITH AGGREGATED TUBULAR METAL ENVELOPE AND PULVERULENT WAVE FOR WINDING |
EP0118378A2 (en) * | 1983-03-03 | 1984-09-12 | Vallourec | Longitudinally folded metal tube containing a flux and reelable powder wire |
EP0118378A3 (en) * | 1983-03-03 | 1984-11-14 | Vallourec | Longitudinally folded metal tube containing a flux and reelable powder wire |
FR2542761A1 (en) * | 1983-03-15 | 1984-09-21 | Vallourec | PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING HIGH-MACHINING STEELS |
EP0123632A1 (en) * | 1983-03-15 | 1984-10-31 | Vallourec | Process for the production of steels with high machinability |
FR2552107A1 (en) * | 1983-09-20 | 1985-03-22 | Vallourec | PROCESS FOR PROCESSING STEEL WITH CALCIUM FOR HIGH COLD SHAPING CAPABILITY AND LOW SILICON CONTENT |
EP0141760A1 (en) | 1983-09-20 | 1985-05-15 | Vallourec | Process for the treatment of steel by calcium to increase the cold-workability and to decrease the silicium content |
EP0167301A3 (en) * | 1984-06-07 | 1987-04-01 | Origin Company Limited | Filter medium and method of manufacturing the same |
EP0167301A2 (en) * | 1984-06-07 | 1986-01-08 | Origin Company Limited | Filter medium and method of manufacturing the same |
EP0187997A1 (en) * | 1985-01-17 | 1986-07-23 | Kinglor - Ltd | Process for the automatic forming of continuous metal tube filled with powdered materials, its direct introduction into liquid metal, and related equipment |
US4711663A (en) * | 1985-01-17 | 1987-12-08 | Kinglor-Ltd | Process for the automatic forming of continuous metal tube filled with powdered materials, its direct introduction in to liquid metal, and related equipment |
FR2576320A1 (en) * | 1985-01-24 | 1986-07-25 | Vallourec | Process for the treatment of liquid ferrous metals using a cored wire containing calcium |
FR2594850A1 (en) * | 1986-02-24 | 1987-08-28 | Vallourec | TUBULAR ENCLOSED COMPOSITE PRODUCT COMPRISING COMPACT MATERIAL FOR THE TREATMENT OF LIQUID METALS AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING THE SAME |
EP0236246A1 (en) * | 1986-02-24 | 1987-09-09 | Vallourec | Mixed product in a tubular envelope containng a compacted material for treatment of liquid metals and process for its production |
LU90210B1 (en) * | 1998-02-04 | 1999-08-05 | Wurth Paul Sa | Process for charging an electric furnace with powdery material |
WO1999040229A1 (en) * | 1998-02-04 | 1999-08-12 | Paul Wurth S.A. | Method for loading an electric oven with a powder material in the form of a filled hollow body |
US7906747B2 (en) | 2004-06-10 | 2011-03-15 | Affival | Cored wire |
WO2008009414A1 (en) * | 2006-07-20 | 2008-01-24 | Heraeus Electro-Nite International N.V. | High dimensional cored wires containing oxygen removers and a process for making the same |
AU2007276412B2 (en) * | 2006-07-20 | 2011-04-28 | Heraeus Electro-Nite International N.V. | High dimensional cored wires containing oxygen removers and a process for making the same |
US8273150B2 (en) | 2006-07-20 | 2012-09-25 | Heraeus Electro-Nite International N.V. | High dimensional cored wires containing oxygen removers and a process for making the same |
WO2008031473A1 (en) * | 2006-09-15 | 2008-03-20 | Odermath Stahlwerkstechnik Gmbh | Cored wire and method and device for the continuous production of a cored wire |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
MY8600504A (en) | 1986-12-31 |
ES257649U (en) | 1981-11-16 |
ES499777A0 (en) | 1981-12-16 |
US4486227B1 (en) | 1988-12-13 |
FR2476542B1 (en) | 1983-03-11 |
EP0034994B1 (en) | 1985-05-29 |
DE3170678D1 (en) | 1985-07-04 |
US4364770B1 (en) | 1989-05-30 |
MX155464A (en) | 1988-03-16 |
US4486227A (en) | 1984-12-04 |
SG97685G (en) | 1988-01-15 |
FR2476542A1 (en) | 1981-08-28 |
HK56386A (en) | 1986-08-08 |
ES8201474A1 (en) | 1981-12-16 |
ES257649Y (en) | 1982-05-01 |
EP0034994B2 (en) | 1990-10-24 |
JPS6136056B2 (en) | 1986-08-16 |
JPS56133404A (en) | 1981-10-19 |
CA1154917A (en) | 1983-10-11 |
ATE13560T1 (en) | 1985-06-15 |
US4364770A (en) | 1982-12-21 |
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