EP0034264A1 - A radiant heating system having an improved burner head - Google Patents

A radiant heating system having an improved burner head Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0034264A1
EP0034264A1 EP81100432A EP81100432A EP0034264A1 EP 0034264 A1 EP0034264 A1 EP 0034264A1 EP 81100432 A EP81100432 A EP 81100432A EP 81100432 A EP81100432 A EP 81100432A EP 0034264 A1 EP0034264 A1 EP 0034264A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burner head
combustion chamber
pipe
burner
wall portion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP81100432A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
John P. Beverly
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Roberts Gordon Appliance Corp
Original Assignee
Roberts Gordon Appliance Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Roberts Gordon Appliance Corp filed Critical Roberts Gordon Appliance Corp
Publication of EP0034264A1 publication Critical patent/EP0034264A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F24C3/00—Stoves or ranges for gaseous fuels
    • F24C3/12—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24C3/122—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices on stoves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C3/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber
    • F23C3/002—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber the chamber having an elongated tubular form, e.g. for a radiant tube
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D5/00—Hot-air central heating systems; Exhaust gas central heating systems
    • F24D5/06—Hot-air central heating systems; Exhaust gas central heating systems operating without discharge of hot air into the space or area to be heated
    • F24D5/08—Hot-air central heating systems; Exhaust gas central heating systems operating without discharge of hot air into the space or area to be heated with hot air led through radiators

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to the field of radiant-type heating systems, and more particularly to such a heating system having an improved burner head.
  • Radiant-type heating systems have been developed heretofore. Generally, these systems contemplate the combustion and burning of a fuel within a closed pipe, which, when heated, radiates heat within an area to be warmed.
  • a vacuum pump is employed to create a positive flow of inlet air and products of combustion along the pipe to be heated. This flow serves to distribute the heat along the pipe, so that heat may be more uniformly radiated from the pipe.
  • a plurality of burners may be installed in series in a single burner branch. Normally, the magnitude of the vacuum is relatively small, and significant pressure differentials have existed across each burner head. These large pressure differentials have unnecessarily reduced the number of burners that could be associated with any particular burner branch, and have also adversely affected the flow and temperature gradients within the entire length of pipe.
  • a radiant heating system having a radient pipe, a combustion chamber operatively arranged within said pipe, means for introducing a restricted amount of air proximate one end of said pipe, vacuum means operatively arranged to reduce the pressure within said pipe proximate its other end so as to create a flow of air in said pipe, a control device operatively arranged to selectively supply a flow of combustible gas having a desired fuel-air mix, ignition means operatively arranged in said combustion chamber for igniting said flow of combustible gas, and a burner head operatively arranged within said combustion chamber and communicatively connected to said control device for supplying said combustible gas to said combustion chamber, in which system the projected cross-sectional area of said burner head is not more than sixty-five percent of the internal cross-sectional area of said combustion chamber.
  • the improved burner head of the heating system according to the invention minimizes, in a practical way, velocity attenuation of a flow of fluid around the burner head and has the effect of reducing the pressure differential thereacross.
  • the improved radiant-type heating system of the present invention permits an increased number of burner heads to be positioned within a flow path.
  • the present invention provides an improved burner head, of which the presently preferred embodiment is generally indicated at 10, for use in a known type of radiant heat system, generally indicated at 11.
  • the radiant heating system 11 includes a downstream radiant pipe 12 having a combustion chamber 13 operatively arranged therein, and an upstream pipe 14 to the right of combustion chamber 13.
  • the upstream pipe 14 is provided with means, such as an end vent 15, for introducing a restricted amount of air proximate the upstream end 16 of the pipe.
  • such means 15 may simply be a closure cap or plate 18 provided with one or more apertures 19 through which air may pass to enter the upstream pipe.
  • the size of opening 19 is related to the capacity of the burner head 10.
  • the system also includes vacuum means, such as a vacuum pump (not shown), operatively arranged to reduce the pressure within the burner branch proximate its other end so as to create a flow of gases through the burner branch, this flow being from right to left in Figure 1, in the direction of arrow 20.
  • vacuum means such as a vacuum pump (not shown), operatively arranged to reduce the pressure within the burner branch proximate its other end so as to create a flow of gases through the burner branch, this flow being from right to left in Figure 1, in the direction of arrow 20.
  • the burner branch includes radiant pipe 12, combustion chamber 13 and upstream pipe 14, which are series connected.
  • the heating system is shown as further comprising a control device, generally indicated at 21, operatively arranged to selectively supply a flow of combustible gas having a desired fuel-air mix.
  • This control device 21 broadly comprises an enclosing air-tight cover 22. Air may be admitted to the volume within cover 22 through a damper 23 and a filter 24.
  • a fuel supply conduit 25 has its right end connected to a suitable fuel source (not shown). Thus fuel supply conduit 25 is shown as feeding a burner supply conduit 26 and a pilot supply conduit 28.
  • the burner supply conduit includes a damper-operated valve 29, an electrically-operated valve 30, and a downstream restricted orifice 31.
  • the pilot supply conduit 28 includes a damper-operated valve 32, an electrically-operated valve 33, and a downstream restricted orifice 34.
  • valve 30 When it is desired to fire the burner head, valve 30 is electrically opened to permit a flow of fuel from the fuel supply conduit 26 to enter a mixing chamber 35, to which air may be supplied through a variable-sized aperture 36.
  • the open area of aperture 36 is controlled by the position of plate 38, which may be adjusted for the desired firing rate of the burner.
  • Fuel supplied from pilot supply conduit 28 enters a relatively small mixing chamber 39, to which air is supplied through an aperture 40, the open area of which is likewise determined by the position of a plate 41. From mixing chamber 39, a fuel-air mix is directed along a passageway 42 to be discharged through a plurality of ports 43 surrounding a suitable ignition device, such as spark plug 44.
  • control device 21 functions to selectively supply a flow of combustible gas having a desired fuel-air mix, independently of changes in the pressure within the radiant pipe and the pressure within the control device cover 22. As previously noted, additional details on the structure and opeation of this control device may be found in U.S. Patent No.3,394,886.
  • burner head 10 is shown as being operatively arranged within the combustion chamber 13 and communicatively connected to the control device 21 for supplying such combustible gas delivered through passageway 45 to the combustion chamber.
  • burner head 10 has a lower portion 46 which extends downwardly into the combustion chamber and creates an obstacle to otherwise unimpeded flow therethrough.
  • This burner head lower portion 46 is shown as having a planar vertical downstream face 48 provided with a plurality of ports 49 communicating with passageway 45, planar vertical left and right side faces 50, 51 respectively, and a contoured front or upstream face 52.
  • the wall of the combustion chamber has a cylindrical inner surface 53, and the burner head is indicated as having a concentrically rounded lower or bottom surface 54.
  • the burner head bottom surface 54 forms a first wall portion which is spaced substantially uniformly from a proximate wall portion of the combustion chamber through an arc of about 100 degrees.
  • the burner head left side wall 50 forms a second wall portion which is spaced non-uniformly from a proximate second wall portion of the combustion chamber.
  • the burner head right side wall 51 forms a third wall portion which is also spaced non-uniformly from a proximate third wall portion of the combustion chamber.
  • the burner head second and third wall portions 50, 51 are substantially parallel to one another, and the inner wall of the combustion chamber is substantially cylindrical.
  • this preferred arrangement need not be invariably provided, as the present invention contemplates that the shape of these wall portions may be readily changed.
  • the cross-section clearance area between the burner head and the combustion chamber wall should not be less than thirty five percent of the internal cross-sectional area of the combustion chamber.
  • the projected cross-sectional area of the burner head should not be more than sixty-five percent of the internal cross-sectional area of the combustion chamber. This relationship mandates that the clearance area have a certain minimum value, which is felt to materially affect the design and performance of the system in which such improved burner head is incorporated.
  • a typical burner branch is intended to have a number of burner heads projecting into combustion chambers spaced therealong.
  • the vacuum pump is only capable of producing a subatmospheric pressure of 1-2 inches of water at the downstream end of the burner branch.
  • Each obstruction extending into the burner branch creates a pressure differential thereacross.
  • the present invention it has been empirically determined that by requiring that the projected area of the burner head occupy no more than sixty-five percent of the available cross-sectional area of the combustion chamber, the reduction in the pressure differential across such burner head will allow a greater number of burners to be installed in a branch conduit for a given magnitude of vacuum.
  • the shape of the preferred burner head is felt to be particularly advantageous since the pressure differential across such burner head is directly proportional to the square of the velocity of the gases passing through the clearance area.
  • the improved burner head minimizes, in a practical way, the attentuation of the velocity of the flow through the clearance area, with a substantial reduction in pressure differential across such burner head. Hence, if such velocity attenuation is halved, the pressure differential is reduced by three- quarters.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
EP81100432A 1980-02-15 1981-01-21 A radiant heating system having an improved burner head Withdrawn EP0034264A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12202480A 1980-02-15 1980-02-15
US122024 1980-02-15

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0034264A1 true EP0034264A1 (en) 1981-08-26

Family

ID=22400121

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81100432A Withdrawn EP0034264A1 (en) 1980-02-15 1981-01-21 A radiant heating system having an improved burner head

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0034264A1 (da)
DK (1) DK23881A (da)
GB (1) GB2070227B (da)
IE (1) IE50554B1 (da)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0070360A2 (en) * 1981-07-17 1983-01-26 Phoenix Burners Limited A heating system
EP0606782A1 (en) * 1993-01-14 1994-07-20 Ambi-Rad Limited Space heating appliances

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2280257B (en) * 1993-07-20 1996-09-25 Ambi Rad Ltd Space heating appliances
GB9515313D0 (en) * 1995-07-26 1995-09-20 Redrex Ltd Improvements in or relating to gas-fired radiant tube heaters

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3115302A (en) * 1959-08-03 1963-12-24 Ronald D Corey Heating method, means and control
US3394886A (en) * 1966-02-28 1968-07-30 Roberts Appliance Corp Gordon Control device for gas burners
DE2210186A1 (de) * 1971-03-08 1972-10-05 Vulcaansoord Nv Gasbrenner
DE2435659A1 (de) * 1974-07-24 1976-02-12 Vnii Ispolsowanija Gasa W Naro Gasbeheizter strahlungserhitzer
DE2448977A1 (de) * 1974-10-15 1976-04-29 Hotwork Ltd Strahlungsheizungs-vorrichtung

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3115302A (en) * 1959-08-03 1963-12-24 Ronald D Corey Heating method, means and control
US3394886A (en) * 1966-02-28 1968-07-30 Roberts Appliance Corp Gordon Control device for gas burners
DE2210186A1 (de) * 1971-03-08 1972-10-05 Vulcaansoord Nv Gasbrenner
DE2435659A1 (de) * 1974-07-24 1976-02-12 Vnii Ispolsowanija Gasa W Naro Gasbeheizter strahlungserhitzer
DE2448977A1 (de) * 1974-10-15 1976-04-29 Hotwork Ltd Strahlungsheizungs-vorrichtung

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0070360A2 (en) * 1981-07-17 1983-01-26 Phoenix Burners Limited A heating system
EP0070360A3 (en) * 1981-07-17 1983-03-09 Phoenix Burners Limited A heating system
EP0606782A1 (en) * 1993-01-14 1994-07-20 Ambi-Rad Limited Space heating appliances
GB2274703B (en) * 1993-01-14 1996-06-26 Ambi Rad Ltd Space heating appliances

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IE50554B1 (en) 1986-05-14
GB2070227B (en) 1983-07-13
GB2070227A (en) 1981-09-03
IE810033L (en) 1981-08-15
DK23881A (da) 1981-08-16

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LU NL SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19820222

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 19841002

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: BEVERLY, JOHN P.