EP0033855A2 - Verfahren zum Trennen des Filamentbündels eines Fasermaterials - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Trennen des Filamentbündels eines Fasermaterials Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0033855A2
EP0033855A2 EP81100318A EP81100318A EP0033855A2 EP 0033855 A2 EP0033855 A2 EP 0033855A2 EP 81100318 A EP81100318 A EP 81100318A EP 81100318 A EP81100318 A EP 81100318A EP 0033855 A2 EP0033855 A2 EP 0033855A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
impinging
plate
filament bundle
fibrous material
separating method
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP81100318A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0033855A3 (en
EP0033855B1 (de
Inventor
Seiichi Kamioka
Masahiko Manabe
Rokuro Sakai
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Toray Industries Inc
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Toray Industries Inc
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Application filed by Toray Industries Inc filed Critical Toray Industries Inc
Publication of EP0033855A2 publication Critical patent/EP0033855A2/de
Publication of EP0033855A3 publication Critical patent/EP0033855A3/en
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Publication of EP0033855B1 publication Critical patent/EP0033855B1/de
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/16—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic filaments produced in association with filament formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H51/00—Forwarding filamentary material
    • B65H51/16—Devices for entraining material by flow of liquids or gases, e.g. air-blast devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2701/00—Handled material; Storage means
    • B65H2701/30—Handled filamentary material
    • B65H2701/31—Textiles threads or artificial strands of filaments

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method for separating the filament bundle of a fibrous material. More particularly, it relates to a method for impinging the filament bundle of a fibrous material by crashing it against a plate made of a material which can charge surface potential of the fibrous material negatively.
  • the fibrous material contemplated in this invention is one which is composed of a multiplicity of single filaments.In case such fibrous material is subjected to further treatment, it often proves to be desirable that the filament bundle of said fibrous material has been separated properly. Therefore, a variety of technical ideas have been proposed hitherto regarding the separation of the fibrous material, and some of them have been practically adopted in fiber processing.
  • the conventional separation techniques may be roughly divided into the following three types: (1) the fibrous material is charged statically; (2) the fibrous material is loosened in a running fluid; and (3) mechanical impact is given to the fibrous material.
  • U.S. Patent 3,169,899 shows a method in which filaments discharged from a spinning nozzle are run against a vibrating V-shaped trough to form a broad non- woven sheet of filaments on a net.
  • the separation method involving impingement of a fibrous material against an impinging plate although being simple in euqipment and superior in operating performance, has demerits in that no satisfactory separation effect is obtained when using the known type of impinging plate and that when separated filaments are collected in the form of a nonwoven sheet, there inevitably occurs sheet unevenness to cause quality degradation of nonwoven fabric products.
  • the object of this invention is to improve the filament bundle separation effect thereby to minimize or eliminate the sheet unevenness of nonwoven sheets collected after separation to improve the product quality.
  • the present invention is intended to attain these objects, and to this end it provides a method of separating the filament bundle of a fibrous material by forcing the multifilament-made fibrous material out of a nozzle to run against an impinging plate whose impinging surface is made of a material which can charge surface potential of said fibrous material negatively upon impingement.
  • fiber-forming polymer chips are supplied from a hopper 1 into a melter 2 to give a molten polymer.
  • This molten polymer is pumped out by a metering pump 3 and extruded from a spinneret plate 4 having a plurality of holes and formed into a fibrous material consisting of multifilament bundles 5.
  • the lower part of the spinneret is covered by a cylinder 6 whereby the filaments, which are extruded from the spinneret 4, are cooled and solidified.
  • Said cylinder 6 and spinneret 4 are shut off from the outer air, and a compressed fluid is introduced into the cylinder 6 from an inlet 7 in the peripheral wall thereof, said fluid being jetted out together with the filaments 5 from a nozzle 8 connected to the tip of the cylinder 6.
  • the filaments 5 are stretched by the high-speed fluid in the section between spinneret 4 and nozzle 8.
  • the multifilament bundles 5 ejected out together with the high-speed fluid from the end opening of the nozzle 8 runs against an impinging plate 10 according to this invention positioned close to the end opening of the nozzle 8, whereby the bundles of said fibrous material are separated and dropped onto a moving collecting surface 11 to form a nonwoven sheet 30.
  • Said impinging plate 10 is set with an angle of inclination of 6 against the axis of the nozzle 8.
  • Numeral 9 refers to an electrifying means designed to perform corona discharge or other electrification before ejection from the nozzle 8.
  • Such electrification means can be additionally used with the impinging plate 10 of this invention according to the requirement for getting more effective separation.
  • the collector means 11 is preferably an air-permeable endless conveyor belt such as metal gauze, and it is desirable to provide an air suction means beneath said collector means for allowing stable deposition of the fiber web on said collector means 11.
  • the degree of separation in such case is evaluated by the degree of sheet unnevenness or evenness of the weight per unit area, of nonwoven sheets collected on the collector surface 11.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic drawing illustrating another embodiment of the sheet producing process.
  • the steps preceeding the spinneret 4 are same as in Fig. 1, and hence no further explanation is made on these steps.
  • an ejector 12 is used as the fluid drawing device and, in this case, the spinneret 4 is opened into the atmosphere.
  • the electriying means which is not shown in the drawing, may or may not be provided.
  • the fibrous material composed of the multifilaments 5 drawn by the ejector is forced out of the nozzle 8 to run against the impinging plate 10 and is thereby separated and.collected in the form of a nonwoven sheet 30 on the collector means 11 as in the case of Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 shows still another embodiment of the sheet producing process in which multifilaments are wound up after spinning and then run transversely against the impinging plate.
  • Numeral 13 indicates a cheese of multifilaments 15. The multifilaments 15 rewind from the cheese 13 are passed through supply rollers 14 and run against the impinging plate 10 under the force of the ejector 16, whereby they are separated and collected in the form of the sheet 30 on the collector surface 11.
  • the present invention provides a fiber separating technique in the above-said process by impinging the filament bundle against an impinging plate, but the device of this invention is not limited in its use tc the above-said type of process but can be applied effectively as separating technique for all types of fibrous materials.
  • the impinging surface of the impinging plate is made of a material which can electrically charge surface potential of the fibrous material negatively upon impingement because otherwise no satisfactory separation effect is provided.
  • frictional electrification is induced by impingement of the fibrous material against the impinging plate and if the fibrous material is charged negatively by such frictional electrification, the electrification is intense and stable enough to promote separation of the fibrous material, while if the fibrous material is charged positively, the electrification is weak and also unstable.
  • Lead-based metal for example, lead or lead alloy containing at least 60% by weight of lead, metals _ composed of zinc or zinc oxide, copper, piezo-electric material, silver, aluminium or the like.
  • metals _ composed of zinc or zinc oxide, copper, piezo-electric material, silver, aluminium or the like.
  • antimony, indium, tin, silver, copper or the like it is recommended to use antimony, indium, tin, silver, copper or the like as another component of said alloy.
  • the piezo-electric material it is possible to use either inorganic or organic type, but it is preferred to use a plate-shaped or colummar PZT (Pb(Zr,Ti)O 3 )-based ceramic piezo-electric material for the reasons of excellent piezo-electric characteristics and easy availability.
  • a plate-shaped or colummar PZT (Pb(Zr,Ti)O 3 )-based ceramic piezo-electric material for the reasons of excellent piezo-electric characteristics and easy availability.
  • The"surface potential" as referred to in this invention means surface potential of a fibrous material just after impingement against the impinging plate, said surface potential being measured at the position 30 mm away from the impinging plate by using a static charge meter Model 2B by Scientific Enterprises, Inc.
  • the fibrous material is charged negatively upon impingement against the impinging plate and the surface potential created amounts to over -10 KV to greatly facilitate separation of the multi- filaments.
  • the fibrous material 17 moves from left to right in the drawing and runs transversely against the impinging surface 19 of the impinging plate 10 positioned to the moving direction of the fibrous material.
  • they are usually collected on a net or the like not shown.
  • Fig. 5 shows an embodiment in which the impinging plate 10 is incorporated in the inner wall of a tube 20 so that the fibrous material 17 moving in the tube 20 runs against the impinging surface 19 and further moves on in the tube 20 as the separated fibrous material.
  • Fig. 6 shows a fan-shaped box-like impinging plate 10. As exemplified in this figure, any kind of impinging plate may be used according to the respective embodiment.
  • Fig. 7 shows still another embodiment of impinging plate 10.
  • the impinging plates shown in Figs. 4 to 6 have their impinging surface made of the same material as the body portion, whereas the impinging plate 10 of Fig. 7 is constructed by laminating or plating an impinging element (impinging surface) 19 on one or both sides of a base plate 21 made of a different material.
  • an impinging element impinging surface
  • the material of the base plate 21 any inorganic or organic material can be used, so long as it can well bear the impact of the impingement.
  • the impinging surface may be partly set to the base plate.
  • the impinging plate may be also constructed so that the impinging position of the fibrous material against the impinging plate changes with time, whereby wear of the impinging surface by impingement of the fibrous material is minimized and decline of the separating effect is prevented.
  • the impinging plate of this invention is not subject to any restrictions in shape, number, etc., provided that the material thereof satisfies said requirements in the practice of this invention.
  • any suitable conventional technique can be employed. But it is desirable to use jet of a fluid such as air which can share part of the separating effect during travel of the fibrous material.
  • the separating effect is further enhanced if said means of impingement is used in combination with other known separating techniques. Particularly, if the fibrous material is statically charged by an electrifying means before it runs against the impinging surface, a multiplied separating effect is obtained.
  • FIG. 8 which gives a front view of a sheet producing step similar to that shown in Fig. 1 which gives a side view.
  • This embodiment comprises an array of a plurality of nozzle and impinging plate units, each unit consisting of one nozzle 8 and an impinging plate10, with multifilaments ejected from each unit being counted as one fibrous material.
  • said units are arranged zigzag so that the fibrous materials forced out of the respective nozzles will run at different positions against the impinging plates.
  • the impinging plates may be set at different angles of inclination from each other. It is preferable that in case of providing a plurality of impinging plates corresponding to the respective fibrous materials, such impinging plates may be arranged zigzag.
  • Fig. 9 is a graph showing diagrammatically the relationship between the sheet unevenness and output of polymer from spinneret when producing non-woven sheets from polyester fibers with six units by using the material of this invention A (an alloy of 90% lead and 10% antimony)and a comparative material B (100% iron) for the impinging surface in the sheet production in the mode of Fig. 2. It will be noted that when the impinging plate of this invention is used, excellent separation performance can be attained and accordingly the sheet unevenness is markedly reduced as compared with the case of the comparative material at any output rate from the spinneret.
  • polyethylene terephtalate was extruded from the spinnerets each with hole number (filament number) of 66 at an output rate of 200g/min to obtain a fibrous material with single filament size of 5 d, and a nonwoven sheet was formed from this fibrous material by using six unites of nozzle and impinging plate.
  • the main conditions used for this operation were as follows:
  • Example 1 in order to form a zigzag arrangement of the nozzles and impinging plates of the adjacent units, the nozzles and impinging plates placed 40 mm apart from each other as in Example 1 and those placed 60 mm apart from each other were arranged alternately. This arrangement gave a-surface potential of -22 KV.
  • the value of CV which is a measure of unevenness of the obtained sheet, was 6.5%, and thus there were obtained the sheets with very small sheet unevenness.
  • the present invention is not limited in its application to a sheet producing process but also proves effective for separating the filament bundles of all types of fibrous products.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
EP81100318A 1980-01-18 1981-01-16 Verfahren zum Trennen des Filamentbündels eines Fasermaterials Expired EP0033855B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP55003599A JPS5917212B2 (ja) 1980-01-18 1980-01-18 繊維状物の開繊方法
JP3599/80 1980-01-18

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0033855A2 true EP0033855A2 (de) 1981-08-19
EP0033855A3 EP0033855A3 (en) 1981-08-26
EP0033855B1 EP0033855B1 (de) 1985-02-20

Family

ID=11561941

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81100318A Expired EP0033855B1 (de) 1980-01-18 1981-01-16 Verfahren zum Trennen des Filamentbündels eines Fasermaterials

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4380104A (de)
EP (1) EP0033855B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS5917212B2 (de)
DE (1) DE3168983D1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4833758A (en) * 1982-03-18 1989-05-30 Toray Industries, Inc. Apparatus for preparing a nonwoven web

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5397413A (en) * 1992-04-10 1995-03-14 Fiberweb North America, Inc. Apparatus and method for producing a web of thermoplastic filaments
DE19650607B4 (de) * 1996-12-06 2006-03-30 Zimmer Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Aufspreizung von Filamenten bei der Vliesherstellung
DE19650608B4 (de) * 1996-12-06 2007-04-26 Zimmer Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Separierung und Spreizung von verstreckten thermoplastischen Endlos-Filamenten bei der Vliesherstellung durch elektrostatische Aufladung
US6709623B2 (en) 2000-12-22 2004-03-23 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Process of and apparatus for making a nonwoven web
US7488441B2 (en) * 2002-06-15 2009-02-10 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Use of a pulsating power supply for electrostatic charging of nonwovens
EP1424420A1 (de) * 2002-11-27 2004-06-02 Polyfelt Gesellschaft m.b.H. Strukturierte Leitbleche zur Ablage von Filamenten
US7504060B2 (en) 2003-10-16 2009-03-17 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method and apparatus for the production of nonwoven web materials
US20050087288A1 (en) * 2003-10-27 2005-04-28 Haynes Bryan D. Method and apparatus for production of nonwoven webs
US8333918B2 (en) * 2003-10-27 2012-12-18 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method for the production of nonwoven web materials
WO2016123384A1 (en) * 2015-01-30 2016-08-04 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Systems and methods for electrostatically individualizing and aligning fibers

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3338992A (en) * 1959-12-15 1967-08-29 Du Pont Process for forming non-woven filamentary structures from fiber-forming synthetic organic polymers
US3887347A (en) * 1974-04-01 1975-06-03 Ppg Industries Inc Method of packaging glass strand
DE2446842A1 (de) * 1974-10-01 1976-04-08 Worobjew Einrichtung zur uebergabe der faeden vom spinn- und ausruestungsteil einer maschine zur kontinuierlichen herstellung von kuenstlichen faeden zur aufnahme- und aufwickelvorrichtung derselben
EP0010756A1 (de) * 1978-10-31 1980-05-14 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Verfahren zur Herstellung einer nichtgewebten Bahn und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens
US4206860A (en) * 1978-12-18 1980-06-10 Eastman Kodak Company Air dissipator apparatus for airjet tow puddling

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2108361A (en) * 1936-03-23 1938-02-15 Asakaws Yukichi Apparatus for manufacturing luster-free rayon
US2336745A (en) * 1941-12-20 1943-12-14 Fred W Manning Method and apparatus for making unwoven and composite fabrics
US3384944A (en) * 1965-02-10 1968-05-28 Du Pont Apparatus for extruding and blending
US3506744A (en) * 1968-11-25 1970-04-14 Du Pont Process for forming nonwoven web
US3657871A (en) * 1969-03-29 1972-04-25 Toyo Boseki Method and apparatus for spreading or dividing yarn, tow or the like
US3708561A (en) * 1969-11-05 1973-01-02 Teijin Ltd Process for producing non-woven filamentary structure
BE793649A (fr) * 1972-01-04 1973-07-03 Rhone Poulenc Textile Dispositif pour la fabrication de nappes non tissees en filaments continus
US3967118A (en) * 1975-04-29 1976-06-29 Monsanto Company Method and apparatus for charging a bundle of filaments
US4009508A (en) * 1975-04-30 1977-03-01 Monsanto Company Method for forwarding and charging a bundle of filaments
US4089720A (en) * 1975-11-28 1978-05-16 Monsanto Company Method and apparatus for making a nonwoven fabric
US4148595A (en) * 1977-09-28 1979-04-10 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Coating for aerodynamic shield in apparatus for making non-woven web
US4233014A (en) * 1979-09-19 1980-11-11 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Apparatus for preparing a nonwoven web

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3338992A (en) * 1959-12-15 1967-08-29 Du Pont Process for forming non-woven filamentary structures from fiber-forming synthetic organic polymers
US3887347A (en) * 1974-04-01 1975-06-03 Ppg Industries Inc Method of packaging glass strand
DE2446842A1 (de) * 1974-10-01 1976-04-08 Worobjew Einrichtung zur uebergabe der faeden vom spinn- und ausruestungsteil einer maschine zur kontinuierlichen herstellung von kuenstlichen faeden zur aufnahme- und aufwickelvorrichtung derselben
EP0010756A1 (de) * 1978-10-31 1980-05-14 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Verfahren zur Herstellung einer nichtgewebten Bahn und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens
US4206860A (en) * 1978-12-18 1980-06-10 Eastman Kodak Company Air dissipator apparatus for airjet tow puddling

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4833758A (en) * 1982-03-18 1989-05-30 Toray Industries, Inc. Apparatus for preparing a nonwoven web

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0033855A3 (en) 1981-08-26
US4380104A (en) 1983-04-19
EP0033855B1 (de) 1985-02-20
DE3168983D1 (en) 1985-03-28
JPS5917212B2 (ja) 1984-04-20
JPS56101938A (en) 1981-08-14

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