EP0030483B1 - Echangeur de chaleur - Google Patents

Echangeur de chaleur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0030483B1
EP0030483B1 EP80401581A EP80401581A EP0030483B1 EP 0030483 B1 EP0030483 B1 EP 0030483B1 EP 80401581 A EP80401581 A EP 80401581A EP 80401581 A EP80401581 A EP 80401581A EP 0030483 B1 EP0030483 B1 EP 0030483B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat
chamber
fluid
heat exchanger
enclosure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP80401581A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0030483A1 (fr
Inventor
Jacques De Lallee
Daniel Tollens
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
Original Assignee
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA filed Critical Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
Publication of EP0030483A1 publication Critical patent/EP0030483A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0030483B1 publication Critical patent/EP0030483B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
    • B63C11/00—Equipment for dwelling or working underwater; Means for searching for underwater objects
    • B63C11/02—Divers' equipment
    • B63C11/28—Heating, e.g. of divers' suits, of breathing air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/003—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by using permeable mass, perforated or porous materials

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heat exchanger.
  • a heat exchanger is used to transmit heat from one body to another via one or more surfaces, metallic or not, separating the two bodies present simultaneously in the exchanger. These surfaces allowing heat exchange, in particular, can form one or more enclosures in which the body to be heated is located.
  • the two bodies in thermal contact may or may not be fluids which may or may not undergo a change of state.
  • the hot body can be a pure body or a eutectic mixture in liquid form which solidifies on contact with the cold body by releasing stored heat in the form of latent heat. As a result of this heat exchange, the cold body or heat transfer fluid may undergo vaporization.
  • the present invention applies to this type of exchanger whose hot body is an autonomous source of heat.
  • These heat exchangers can be used for air conditioning, underwater air conditioning, solar storage, heat recovery.
  • the heat exchanger as described above has some drawbacks in the case where the hot body is a material undergoing solidification during the heat exchange and the cold body a fluid undergoing vaporization.
  • the enclosure or enclosures immersed in the heat sink material are supplied by a fraction of the flow of sea water, heat transfer fluid, intended for heating a diving suit.
  • the steam that comes out of it condenses in a mixer, irregularly. This results in significant oscillations in the flow of the heat transfer fluid and in the temperature.
  • This particular application does not make it possible to envisage conventional methods for regulating the temperature and the flow rate of the heat-transfer fluid since the weight and size of the heat exchanger are limited.
  • the subject of the present invention is a heat exchanger which overcomes these drawbacks and in particular makes it possible to regulate the flow rate and the temperature of the heat transfer fluid by simple means of implementation.
  • This heat exchanger comprising a first enclosure within which a heat transfer material is placed, in thermal contact with at least a second enclosure at the top of which a cold heat transfer fluid arrives in the liquid state and at least one pipe placed in the second enclosure, through which the fluid leaves in the form of vapor or liquid-vapor mixture, is characterized in that the second enclosure has a lining making it possible to regulate the flow of the fluid to the bottom of the second enclosure, and the partial transformation of said vapor fluid being able to escape through the pipe pierced for this purpose with holes over its entire height.
  • the lining of the second enclosure is formed of ceramic rings, stacked in bulk on top of each other and in direct contact with said enclosure.
  • the lining of the second enclosure is formed of metal plates, compatible with the heat transfer fluid, perforated, regularly spaced from one another, and integral with the pipe.
  • This autonomous heat exchanger can be used in any position, which implies a certain fixity of the lining: complete filling of the second enclosure using ceramic rings, or welding of the perforated plates to the pipe.
  • the storage of calories is carried out using a molten salt with high latent heat of fusion, stored in the first enclosure.
  • the molten salt is a material with high latent heat of fusion, chosen from fluorides, chlorides and hydroxides of alkali and alkaline earth metals and eutectic mixtures of these materials.
  • the lining according to the invention is produced using perforated metal plates or ceramic rings, the regular formation of vapor instead of large bubbles of vapor is greatly facilitated.
  • the formation of this vapor allows better and rapid stabilization (approximately a few seconds instead of several minutes) of the temperature and of the flow of the heat-transfer fluid.
  • the surface in contact with the heat transfer fluid is large enough to trap the deposits transported by this fluid.
  • the heat transfer fluid used is sea water, which causes rapid scaling of the various parts constituting the heat exchanger. Consequently, the heat exchanger must be easily removable for complete cleaning, which is the case here.
  • FIG. 1 shows a heat exchanger.
  • the heat transfer fluid before entering the heat exchanger arrives via a pipe 1 at a three-way valve 2.
  • This valve 2 is connected to a temperature measurement probe 3 making it possible to regulate the proportion of fluid to be heated and of cold fluid over time.
  • the part of the fluid to be heated enters one of the chambers forming the heat exchanger.
  • This enclosure can be central 4 and / or lateral 4a. This or these enclosures are in direct contact with the heat-storage material 5 placed in another enclosure 6.
  • the enclosure (s) 4 and 4a respectively contain a pipe 7 and 7a allowing the evacuation of the vapor formed.
  • This vapor is directed to a three-way mixer 8 where the proportion of the unheated heat transfer fluid also arrives.
  • the outgoing heat transfer fluid arrives in a buffer capacity 9 allowing the flow rate of the directly usable heat transfer fluid to be regulated.
  • FIG. 2 represents, in a first embodiment, an enclosure 4 of the heat exchanger in which the fluid to be heated circulates.
  • This enclosure comprises a pipe 1 allowing the fluid to enter this enclosure and a lining which, in this first embodiment, is formed of perforated metal plates 11, welded to a pipe 7 pierced with small holes 10 over its entire height, lining facilitating the transformation of the fluid into vapor which can escape through the holes 10 of the pipe 7.
  • This enclosure is, in addition, in direct contact with the heat-storage material 5.
  • FIG. 3 represents, in a second embodiment, the same enclosure 4 of the heat exchanger.
  • the common parts in Figure 2 keeping the same reference numbers, will not be the subject of a second description.
  • the lining is formed of small ceramic rings 11a, stacked in bulk on top of each other, rings of which a more detailed example has been drawn to better see the shape.
  • the cold heat transfer fluid arrives via line 1 in the thermostatically controlled three-way valve 2. Only part of the fluid is heated in the heat exchanger while the other part is directed to the mixer 8.
  • the cold fluid arrives at the top of or chambers 4 and 4a, in thermal contact with chamber 6 containing the hot molten salt.
  • part of the fluid On contact with this heat source, part of the fluid is transformed into vapor by means of the aforementioned packing. This vapor then escapes through the pipe 7 pierced for this purpose with diametrically opposite holes.
  • the part of the non-vaporized fluid can flow easily thanks to the packing to the bottom of the pipe, until it in turn vaporizes and escapes through said pipe.
  • the fluid thus heated arrives in the mixer 8, then in the buffer capacity 9 making it possible to regulate the flow rate of the heat transfer fluid.
  • the heat exchanger according to the invention thanks to its lining formed by small metal surfaces or not, allows rapid stabilization of the temperature and of the flow of the heat-transfer fluid.
  • the thermostatically controlled valve 2 makes it possible to regulate the proportion of hot fluid and cold fluid, therefore the water flow rate to be used to obtain a constant temperature from the start to the end of the manipulation.
  • tests have been carried out with cold water as coolant and as heat sink material with an eutectic mixture of fluoride and lithium hydroxide, melting at 450 ° C.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
EP80401581A 1979-11-26 1980-11-05 Echangeur de chaleur Expired EP0030483B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7929052 1979-11-26
FR7929052A FR2470355A1 (fr) 1979-11-26 1979-11-26 Echangeur de chaleur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0030483A1 EP0030483A1 (fr) 1981-06-17
EP0030483B1 true EP0030483B1 (fr) 1983-05-25

Family

ID=9232084

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80401581A Expired EP0030483B1 (fr) 1979-11-26 1980-11-05 Echangeur de chaleur

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4395976A (enExample)
EP (1) EP0030483B1 (enExample)
DE (1) DE3063539D1 (enExample)
FR (1) FR2470355A1 (enExample)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5163303A (en) * 1990-03-30 1992-11-17 Tokyo Gas Co. Ltd. Double-walled tube type open rack evaporating device
US5365887A (en) * 1992-04-27 1994-11-22 Frontier, Inc. Ultra-high efficiency on-demand water heater and heat exchanger
US5390500A (en) * 1992-12-29 1995-02-21 Praxair Technology, Inc. Cryogenic fluid vaporizer system and process
US5586547A (en) * 1995-01-13 1996-12-24 Nixon; Austin D. Instantaneous gas water heater
US5636519A (en) * 1996-06-14 1997-06-10 Halliburton Company Fluid commingling chamber for nitrogen processing unit
EP0823612A1 (en) * 1996-08-07 1998-02-11 Cornel Dutescu Turbulator for a concentric-tube heat exchanger
BRPI0823052B1 (pt) * 2008-12-22 2020-04-28 Atlas Copco Airpower Nv célula de energia

Family Cites Families (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1623074A (en) * 1927-04-05 Eugene henki tabtbais
US350769A (en) * 1886-10-12 Oes to the
US655274A (en) * 1899-11-23 1900-08-07 Robert Ramsden Steam-generator.
US1950806A (en) * 1927-10-27 1934-03-13 John A Mathes Gas generator
US2925329A (en) * 1956-11-28 1960-02-16 Garrett Corp Gas generator
US3235003A (en) * 1963-06-04 1966-02-15 Cloyd D Smith Spiral flow baffle system
US3305600A (en) * 1963-06-20 1967-02-21 Phillips Petroleum Co Chemical reactions in composited tubular reaction zone and apparatus therefor
US3536059A (en) * 1968-11-01 1970-10-27 Peter J Hearst Chemical heat source for divers
US3569669A (en) * 1969-02-12 1971-03-09 Frank A March Portable heat storage unit
US3737620A (en) * 1969-07-01 1973-06-05 Sanders Nuclear Corp Body heating system
US3586098A (en) * 1970-02-05 1971-06-22 American Schack Co Concentric tube heat exchanges
US3605720A (en) * 1970-03-16 1971-09-20 Sanders Nuclear Corp Heat source systems
SE356124B (enExample) * 1970-08-21 1973-05-14 K Oestbo
US3644707A (en) * 1970-09-21 1972-02-22 Colgate Palmolive Co Safety heater for pressure dispensed product
US4275699A (en) * 1979-07-23 1981-06-30 Troglin Jerry D Gasoline vapor complete burning carburetor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3063539D1 (en) 1983-07-07
FR2470355A1 (fr) 1981-05-29
FR2470355B1 (enExample) 1981-10-30
US4395976A (en) 1983-08-02
EP0030483A1 (fr) 1981-06-17

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