EP0029961A2 - Device for turning about a moving web - Google Patents

Abstract

In a deflection device for webs (1) moving in the longitudinal direction, an endless flat belt (2) is provided, onto which the web (1) runs and which the web (1) after the deflection both into a plane perpendicular to the surfaces of the web as also leaves in a plane lying in the surface of the web and for guiding and deflecting the flat belt (2) with the accumulated web (1) are cylindrical rollers (3, 6) and a tubular segment or tubular deflecting body (4) and for returning the Flat belts (2) for the web run-up point are arranged cylindrical rollers (3, 6) and tubular segment and / or tubular deflecting bodies (7, 8, 10), the deflecting bodies (4, 7, 8, 10) on their circumference with support elements (11 , 12) are provided.

Description

The invention relates to a device for deflecting a material web moving in its longitudinal direction by mechanical means both in a plane lying perpendicular to the surfaces of the web and in a plane lying in the surface of the web.

When moving a web in the direction of its longitudinal axis, the simplest mechanical elements can be used to change the direction in a plane perpendicular to the surfaces of the web, e.g. Deflection pulleys can be used. With the deflection roller, the web runs at a right angle to the roller axis and, after reaching the desired deflection angle, also runs at a right angle to the roller axis. The speed vectors of the path points of the path and the lateral surface of the roll are identical and therefore there is no relative movement between the roll and the path. The speeds of the path points correspond to the peripheral speed, there is no speed component in the direction of the deflection axis.

It is not possible to deflect the web in a plane lying in the surfaces of the web by means of a simple deflection roller, since when the web runs obliquely over the deflection roller, the speed vectors of the roller surface and the web do not match. While the path points of the lateral surface have a pure peripheral speed, the speed shows the. Track a component in the circumferential direction as well as in the axial direction. In order to avoid a relative movement between the web and the lateral surface, the deflection roller would have to rotate at a circumferential speed that corresponds to the circumferential speed component of the web and at the same time be moved in its longitudinal axis at the speed of the axial component of the web speed, which would require an infinitely wide deflection roller.

Deflection devices for webs are known from a large number of patents and patent applications, in which the web deflection is carried out around a tube provided with a large number of bores and air flows out of the bores and the web is diverted on the air cushion that is formed between the web and the tube becomes.

DE-AS 1 264 200 describes a device for turning a band, in which the band is passed over a body having a convex surface to form a winding path and by means of pressure air is kept from the surface. In the American patent specification US Pat. No. 3,679,116, a web is diverted by 90 ° or 180 ° in its plane, the web being guided around a tube standing at an angle of 45 ° to the running direction of the web. The tube is provided with a large number of bores from which compressed air emerges to form an air cushion between the web and the tube.

Although these air cushion deflection elements are very simple and inexpensive to manufacture, they also have considerable disadvantages. In addition to a considerable consumption of compressed air and thus energy for its generation, low pressures arise at the web edges by the lateral escape of the air at high speed from a relatively narrow gap, so that the web is attracted to the air cushion element and can touch it and be repelled again begins to flutter. Fluttering can damage the web edge or cause abrasion.

This effect (Bernoui effect) was compensated for with precisely running webs by various measures.

In US Pat. No. 3,567,093, the deflection surface was divided into chambers with side plates. British patent specification GB-PS 1 307 695 solves this problem by blowing in the compressed air in a tangential direction on both sides both at the web inlet and at the web outlet of the deflection device. If the web runs laterally due to disturbances in the previous or subsequent web run, these measures are also ineffective. Even with slightly winged webs, faults occur due to fluttering of the webs. If the web edge tears, the pressure in the air cushion collapses. The air flow of these pneumatic deflection devices has to be very even and the even air distribution over the web width, as well as the correction of the web run in the event of malfunctions, is still not reliably solved, despite a large number of patent applications.

Mechanical deflection devices are also known for deflecting the web in their plane, which are characterized in particular by the fact that they do not require any energy in the form of compressed air. Insensitive webs, for example paper webs, are drawn over an inclined tube to deflect them. The axial speed component is compensated for by slipping the web surface on the tube, with the web surface being rubbed and scratched and dust being caused by abrasion.

In US Pat. No. 3,368,729, rollers are attached to deflect the web on an inclined cross member, which rollers are positioned such that the axial speed component of the web can also be accommodated. The web deflection by 90 ° takes place in 2 deflection steps of 45 ° each. Because the speed of the train points of the rollers with that of the path points does not match, there is a relative movement between the rollers and the path, which creates friction. This device is also unsuitable for sensitive webs because of the number and shape of the rollers that press into and through the web and because of scratching or scratching the back of the web.

DE-AS 2 032 065 describes a turning device for flexible webs, the basic idea being the division of the web speed into a circumferential and an axial component. For sensitive webs (foils, film webs), the distance between the rollers becomes too high for design reasons, so that too high a specific load on the web surface arises with this device.

The narrow roller spacing shown cannot be carried out in practice, since mounting options would have to be available for the mounting of the rollers on a curved axis, and a free mounting of the rollers requires support if conventional web tensions occur. Due to the radial arrangement of the rollers, speed differences occur between the web and the rollers when the web runs obliquely over the rollers. As proposed, flexible tubular hollow bodies are used, which are a Rotate the curved axis, the outside is always wider than the inside, so that with each revolution there is an elongation and compression in the longitudinal direction. There is also a relative movement between the rotating body and the track, which creates friction. This device is therefore also not suitable for thin webs with sensitive surfaces.

The invention has for its object to find a deflection device for webs of material that can also deflect webs with very sensitive surfaces without damaging the cast side and / or the back in any desired direction and that works reliably, energy-saving and maintenance-free within wide limits.

This object was achieved in that an endless flat belt is provided as a support element for the web during the deflection, on which the web runs at the same speed before the deflection and which the web leaves after the deflection and that cylindrical rollers and tubular and / or Tubular segment-shaped deflection bodies with carrier rollers are arranged on the circumference, which guide the endless flat belt to deflect the web and then return the flat belt to the run-up point of the web on the flat belt.

It was surprising to the person skilled in the art that with this Device a wide web of material, even with, for example, highly sensitive photographic emulsions, can be deflected in any way without damaging the surface. The web runs on the flat belt at the same speed and lies well on the belt surface during the entire deflection process without any relative movements. The belt is usually driven by the looping web. The entire device is ^p RAK no maintenance and reliable in their function. Additional energy in amounts, such as is required for an air cushion deflection, is not required.

According to a special embodiment, a flat belt can be used instead of the flat belt, which is provided on its underside with a large number of splines, a multi-spline flat belt. For this purpose, the cylindrical rollers are provided with outer profiles that are adapted to the grooves of the V-belt. Likewise, the deflection elements are provided on the circumference with rollers, which have a profile adapted to the splines on the circumference.

By means of this multi-wedge flat belt, the carrying belt is positively guided, so that it is not necessary to control or regulate the belt run.

The device is characterized in that the mechanical means for deflecting the belt and so- 0 with the web guided thereon for deflection angles of α = 90 ° from cylindrical rollers and for deflection angles α ≠ 90 ° from tubular or tubular segment-shaped deflection bodies, on the circumference of which support rollers are arranged.

If the strap runs vertically up and down on a roller (α = 90 °), normal cylindrical rollers can be used for the device or cylindrical rollers with multi-spline grooves, which are provided with the appropriate profile on their circumference. When the carrying strap runs at an angle α ≠ 90 °, tubular bodies are used as deflection elements, on the circumference of which a plurality of supporting rollers are arranged, at least in the area in which the carrying strap runs. If only one loop of the tubular body of 90 ° or 180 ° is required, a tube segment is sufficient instead of the tubular body, so that another tube segment can be arranged in the tube segment for the return of the carrying strap, and the device can be designed to save space.

Particularly good guidance of the carrying strap can be achieved in that support rollers are provided on the tubular or tubular segment-shaped deflecting bodies, which have an elliptical curvature of the supporting surface with the main ellipse axes a = r cos α and b = r, where r is the radius of the respective deflecting body and α the Angle of impact of the strap on the deflector is.

If the carrying rollers are designed in this form, an ideal running of the carrying strap is achieved on the circumference of the deflecting element. The speed of the path points always coincide with the speeds of the carrying surfaces of the carrying rollers.

A cheaper and. simple manufacture of the support rollers is achieved in that the support rollers have a support surface which is approximated to the elliptical support rollers with an average radius. By choosing the width of the support rollers, the resulting speed error between web and rollers can be kept slightly below 1%, so that the error has no effect in practice.

A device for deflecting webs which is independent of the run-up angle α of the carrying belt and the web is obtained in that the tubular or tubular segment-shaped deflecting bodies are provided on their circumferences with ball cages and rotatably mounted balls therein, on which the endless flat belt rolls for deflecting and that the flat belt is designed in this way and the number of balls is selected so that there is no deformation of the flat belt on the surface during the deflection and the flat belt does not touch the deflecting body.

A particularly easier Tra eriemenlauf ^g for deflecting a web can be obtained in that the tubular or tubular-segment-shaped deflection body is designed as a pressure vessel and has a connection for compressed air and that the ball cages have bores to the interior of the pressure vessel, wherein the balls to the ball cages Complete the interior and, when the strap strikes the balls, rotate in an air cushion in the ball cages.

An embodiment of the device is particularly advantageous in which one of the cylindrical deflection rollers of the deflection device is provided with a drive for driving the belt and thus the web. Due to this arrangement, other separate drives for the train are not required.

If disturbances occur in the course of the carrying strap due to external influences, which cause the carrying strap to deviate from its prescribed path, then it is possible that means for correcting, regulating and controlling the carrying strap movement are provided on the deflection device which horizontally turn the axis of the enable cylindrical deflection rollers around the center of the rollers.

Another advantageous possibility is that means for correcting, regulating and controlling the shoulder strap run on the deflection device are seen, which allow an axis-parallel displacement of the deflection axis of the deflection body and thus a change in the wrap angle on the deflection body.

In a space-saving embodiment of the deflection device, the deflection bodies for returning the carrying strap are arranged within the deflection body for the belt and web. In another possible embodiment of the device, the deflecting bodies for returning the carrying strap are arranged in front of the deflecting bodies for deflecting the belt and the web.

Further advantages, features and possible applications can be seen in the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Show it

Figure 1

A deflection element for a web deflection by 90 ° in the plane of the web in plan view.

Figure 2

The deflection element of Figure 1 in section A - A as a schematically illustrated side view.

Figure 3

Another embodiment of the deflection element of Figure 1 as a schematically illustrated side view.

Figure 4

A deflection element for a web deflection by 180 ° in the plane of the web in plan view.

Figure 5

A deflection element for laterally displacing a web by the distance A in plan view.

Figure 6

A tubular deflecting body.

Figure 7

The belt support rollers of the tubular deflecting body in an elliptical shape.

Figure 8

A simplified form of belt support rollers.

Figure 9

A pipe segment shaped deflection body with balls for carrying the belt.

Figure 10

A pipe segment shaped deflection body with balls for supporting the belt.

Figure 11

An enlarged section of the wall of the pressurized deflection body with balls.

1 shows as an exemplary embodiment the main feature of the deflection element, the carrying strap 2 which carries the web 1 for deflection over the actual deflection body 4 and is endlessly returned by the other deflection bodies 6, 7, 8, 10, 3. The arrangement and the geometrical dimensions of all deflecting bodies are chosen so that a belt run without constraint is ensured. This means that all path points of the carrying strap 2 have the same speed parallel to the longitudinal axis of the carrying strap 2 during the entire passage through the deflection device.

The endless strap runs over a cylindrical deflection roller 3 for receiving the web 1 under the win kel α in the deflection device. The web 1 is fed at the same angle α, z. B. (as shown in Figure 1) is the inlet angle α = 45 °. At the deflection element 4, a semi-tubular support body for a plurality of rollers 11, 12 or balls 9, the web 1 runs onto a carrying strap 2, is deflected lying thereon and leaves the carrying strap 2 on the rear side of the deflecting body 4. The web is turned, that is, its top is now the bottom and the web has been deflected in its plane by 2 α = 90 ° in its running direction.

The carrying strap runs at right angles via a second cylindrical deflecting roller 6 onto a tubular segment-shaped deflecting body 7, via a tubular deflecting body 8, then via a tubular segment-shaped deflecting body 10 back to the cylindrical deflecting body 3.

FIG. 2 shows the deflection device of FIG. 1 in a section A-A through the axis of symmetry of the deflection device. The web 1 runs on the carrying strap 2 at point P and leaves it at point R. All the web 1 web points describe an angle V between P and R and experience a forward displacement towards the viewer, the size of which depends on the diameter of the tubular segment Deflector 4 and the inlet angle α depends. If α = 90 °, the points P and R would lie in the plane of the drawing in FIG. 2 and the web could be deflected via a normal cylindrical roller.

In order to obtain defined run-up and run-off points of the web 1 on the carrying strap 2, the wrap angle of the carrying strap 2 on the tubular segment-shaped deflection body 4 can be chosen to be 2 [beta] larger than the wrap angle δ of the web 1 and thus becomes δ = δ + 2 β. The carrying strap 2 then runs in FIG. 2 at a point S onto the deflecting body 4 and at a point A from the carrying strap 2. The belt 2 and the web ₁ run at the same angle α over the deflecting body 4, so that the speed vectors of their web points are identical during the deflection and there are no displacements between web 1 and belt 2, which lead to damage such as scratches, chafe marks, folds or the like could lead.

After the web (1) has left the carrying strap 2 at point R, the carrying strap (as shown in FIG. 1) runs over a cylindrical deflecting roller 6 and a deflecting body 7 at point T onto the inner deflecting body 7 located in the outer deflecting body 4 at an angle α on. After passing through the wrap angle δ on the deflection body 7, the carrying belt 3 leaves the latter at point B and strikes the deflection body 10 at point D and leaves it after a short wrap at point C in order to reach the cylindrical deflection roller 3.

In Figure 3, the cylindrical deflection roller according to a particular embodiment by two or more Um Steering rollers 3 'and 3 "(3"') replaced, the strap from point C of the deflecting element 10 must run at right angles to the first of the cylindrical deflecting rollers 3 '. When the carrying belt 2 runs at right angles onto the deflection rollers 3, 3 ', 3 ", the speed in the direction of the axis of the deflection roller is zero, so that normal cylindrical roller bodies can be used.

The replacement of the cylindrical deflection roller 3 by 2 or more deflection rollers 3 ', 3 "... permits the use of rollers with a smaller diameter instead of a roller with a large diameter. In addition, the deflection rollers 3', 3" can be used to achieve one To set up the tensioning device for the endless carrying belt, one of the rollers 3 ', 3 "being displaced parallel to the belt running plane (see arrow at 3", FIG. 3).

This device is also analogous to other deflection devices in which the web is diverted by 180 ° or parallel to its direction of travel or in another way, as shown for example in FIGS. 4 and 5.

FIG. 4 shows a deflection device in which the web 1 is deflected by 180 ° in its plane. The strap 2 leaves the cylindrical deflection roller 13 and the web 1 runs on the deflection body 14 on the belt 2, lying on the belt 2 twice on the Deflection body 14 and 15 deflected by 90 ° and leaves the carrying strap 2 after the deflection on the deflecting body 15. The carrying strap 2 is returned from a cylindrical deflecting roller 16 to the deflecting body 17 and via further deflecting bodies 18, 19, 20 to the cylindrical deflecting roller 13. This device is suitable for returning a web from a roll back and forth through two adjacent treatment sections, so that, for example, the roll for web 1 can lie next to the roll. Of course, several of these devices can also be used for any desired deflection of the web 1.

FIG. 5 shows a deflection device in which the web 1 is passed on offset from the running direction by a distance A. The carrying belt 2 leaves the cylindrical deflecting roller 23 and strikes a deflecting body 24 at an angle. The web 1 runs onto the carrying strap 2 and is diverted thereon by 360 ° and at the same time offset in parallel by the distance A from the previous running direction when it leaves the carrying strap 2. After a further 180 ° wrap, the carrying belt leaves a deflecting body 24 and is guided to the cylindrical deflecting roller 26, deflected and returned to a deflecting roller 23 via a deflecting body 27 lying in front of a deflecting body 24 after repeated wrapping.

The arrangement of the deflecting body 27 in front of the deflecting body per 24 can of course also be used in the previously described arrangements according to FIGS. 1, 3 and 4 if there is a need for this. In FIGS. 1, 3 and 4, the return deflecting body for the carrying strap 2 lies within the deflecting body for carrying strap 2 and web 1, which means that this arrangement requires less space.

The arrangement shown in FIG. 1 is suitable for deflecting the web up to 90 °, that of FIG. 4 for deflecting up to 180 ° and that of FIG. 5 up to 360 °. Depending on the arrangement and design of the deflecting bodies and rollers, the deflecting devices according to the invention can deflect a web running parallel to its longitudinal axis by any angle in a plane lying parallel to the surfaces of the web.

The carrying belt 2 runs at a right angle (α = 90 °) to the deflection axis over the cylindrical deflection rollers 3, 3 ', 3 ", 6, 13, 16, 23, 26. The speed in the direction of the axis is therefore zero and it is possible therefore cylindrical rotating body can be used as a deflecting element.

The belt 2 runs at an angle α ≠ 90 ° over the other deflecting bodies shown in the figures, so that the belt speed has an axial component in addition to the circumferential component. The deflection bodies 4, 7, 8, 10, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 24, 27 be are therefore made of deflection bodies on which a plurality of support rollers 11, 12 or support balls 9 are mounted. When using support rollers 11, 12, the axes of the support rollers 11, 12 are arranged perpendicular to the belt running direction L. Such an arrangement is shown in FIG. 6. A plurality of rollers 11, 12 with elliptical or approximately elliptical running surfaces 21, 22 are arranged on the circumference of the deflecting body, the axes of which are perpendicular to the running direction of the belt 2 and have a width b, which is so is chosen that possible manufacturing errors are so small that they do not affect the course of the belt 2 on the rollers 11, 12. The rollers are mounted on the circumference of a tubular segment or tubular deflecting body. A tubular or segment-shaped deflecting body is understood to mean that the deflecting body can also consist of a segment of a tube, for example half a tube, insofar as only half the circumference of a tube is required for the deflection. The rollers 11, 12 are also advantageously mounted only at the points and the area on the circumference of the deflecting body at which the belt runs.

In Figure 7, a single Tra is illustrated ^g erolle 11 on the periphery of the deflecting rchrförmigen. 4 The axis of the roller is perpendicular to the running direction L of the belt 2 over the deflecting body 4. The belt 2 runs at an angle α over the deflecting body 4.

und b = r. Hierbei ist r der Radius des jeweiligen rohr-oder rohrsegmentförmigen Umlenkkörpers 4 und α der Auflaufwinkel des Riemens 2 auf den Umlenkkörper 4. Die Oberfläche 21 der Tragercllen 11 muß die Krümmung einer Ellipse besitzen, wenn sie mit der Krümmung des idealen Riemens 2 und somit mit der Bahn 1 übereinstimmen soll. Da dies aber in der Praxis Fertigungsprobleme und somit Kosten verursacht, können die Tragercllen 12 entsprechend der Figur 8 auch mit einem mittleren Krümmungsradius r_K ausgeführt werden, weil der auftretende Fehler bei nicht zu breiten Rollen sehr klein ist. Hierbei treten bei einer balligen Tragefläche 22 der Rollen 12 über die Rollenbreite b Geschwindigkeitsdifferenzen auf, die zu einer Relativbewegung zwischen Rollenmantelfläche 22 und Riemen 2 führen. Um diese Geschwindigkeitsdifferenz klein zu halten, ist die Breite b der Tragercllen 12 eingeschränkt. Die Abweichungen der Geschwindigkeit zwischen Rollenmitte C und -rand kann jedoch leicht unter 1 % gehalten werden, so daß dieser Fehler, wie Versuche gezeigt haben, in der Praxis sehr klein und ohne Einfluß ist.If you cut such a belt steering perpendicular to the belt running direction (Fig. 7, section BB), you get an ellipse with the main axes cl =

and b = r. Here, r is the radius of the respective tubular or tubular segment-shaped deflecting body 4 and α is the run-up angle of the belt 2 on the deflecting body 4. The surface 21 of the carrier cleats 11 must have the curvature of an ellipse if it matches the curvature of the ideal belt 2 and thus the lane 1 should match. However, since this causes manufacturing problems and thus costs in practice, the carrier cleats 12 according to FIG. 8 can also be designed with an average radius of curvature r _K , because the error occurring when the rolls are not too wide is very small. In the case of a spherical support surface 22 of the rollers 12, speed differences occur over the roller width b, which lead to a relative movement between the roller surface 22 and the belt 2. In order to keep this speed difference small, the width b of the carrier 12 is restricted. The deviations in speed between the center of the roll C and the edge can, however, be kept slightly below 1%, so that this error, as tests have shown, is very small in practice and has no effect.

FIG. 9 shows a construction of the tubular segment or tubular deflecting body 28 that is independent of the run-up angle α. Instead of the carrier cleats 11, 12 on the circumference of the deflecting body a plurality of ball cages 29 with balls 9 freely rotatable therein. The balls 9 rotate in the running direction of the belt 2, so that the belt, rolling on the balls 9, is deflected, taking into account both the circumferential component and the axial component of the belt movement without the belt 2 sliding on the tubular deflecting body 28. Here, the number of ball cages 29 with balls 9 and the rigidity of the belt 2 should be such that the belt 2 does not come into contact with the deflecting body 28, but is carried by the balls 9 and on its surface when the web to be deflected is supported 1 shows no bumps.

The belt 2 on balls 9 is particularly easy to run when the balls 9 roll in their ball cages 29 on an air cushion. FIG. 10 shows a deflecting device in which the tubular deflecting body consists of a pressure vessel 33 which is pressurized with compressed air, for example. The ball cages 29 are connected to the pressure vessel 33 by bores 32 (FIG. 11). The balls 9 normally seal the pressure vessel 33 from the outside. If a belt 2 is guided over the balls 9, the balls 9 are pressed inwards against the pressure in the pressure vessel 33 and flushed all around with compressed air 30, so that the balls 9 can rotate with little friction on an air cushion and the belt 2 and deflect the overlying web 1 at any run-up angle D _C. For this purpose, the deflection bodies 28, 33 can be equipped with balls 9 over their entire circumference or only in the area of the circulating belt and any tolerance range for the web run.

If the web 1 migrates slightly on the belt 2 under the influence of external disturbances, the deflection device can be provided with devices to control the belt run or to regulate it fully automatically. One possibility is the horizontal rotation of the axis of one of the cylindrical deflecting rollers 3, 3 ', 3 ", 13, 23, so that the belt 2 moves sideways against the cylindrical roller until the run-up angle of the belt 2 onto this roller Such arrangements and controls are well known from the technology of belt drives, so that a more detailed description of the regulating device or the control is unnecessary. Such a rotation is represented by a double arrow on the roller 3 of FIG .

Another way of controlling or regulating the belt run is to offset the deflection axis of the deflection body 10, 20, 27 and thus change the run-up angle α on the deflection body from 8, 19, 24 to 10, 20, 27 Deflection body is for example on the deflection body 10 Figure 1 or on the deflection body 20 Fi gur 4 represented by double arrows.

As shown in Figure 1, each of the deflection devices can also be used to drive and transport the web to be deflected, so that a special drive element is unnecessary.

In FIG. 1, the cylindrical deflection roller 6 is connected via an axis to a motor 5, such as an electric motor with a gear and clutch, which drives the endless belt 2 and thus the web 1. Of course, this is possible with all deflection devices, e.g. the roller 16 in FIG. 4 and the roller 26 in FIG. 5 can be provided with a drive.

So far, deflection devices for webs 1 have been described in which web 1 runs onto a flat belt 2 and is deflected thereon. Instead of a flat belt 2, it is also possible to use a belt 34 which is flat on its surface and has a multiplicity of grooves 35 on its underside and is called a multi-wedge flat belt 34 (FIG. 12). For this purpose, the cylindrical deflection rollers 39 are provided with raised profiles 36 which fit into the grooves 35 of the multi-V belt 34. The deflection bodies 37 are provided on their circumference with a plurality of rollers 38, which are also provided on the circumference with the profile 36 which fits into the grooves 35 of the multi-spline flat belt 34. Such a multi-spline flat belt 34 does not require any regulation since it is its positive guidance does not deviate from the specified track. The multiple wedge flat belts 34 are subject to greater wear due to the positive guidance, and are more expensive to manufacture. For the cylindrical deflection rollers 39, more complex rotating bodies of the deflection rollers 39 are also required when using the multiple wedge flat belt 34. The drive of the deflection device, however, can be carried out better by the greater power transmission capability of the deflection rollers 39.

Claims (12)

1. Device for deflecting a material web moving in its longitudinal direction by mechanical means both in a plane perpendicular to the surfaces of the web and in a plane lying in the surface of the web, characterized in that as a carrier element for the web (1) during an endless flat belt (2) is provided for the deflection, onto which the web (1) runs before the deflection and which the web (1) leaves after the deflection and that cylindrical rollers (3, 3 ', 3 ", 6, 13, 16, 23, 26) and tubular segment and / or tubular deflecting bodies (4, 8, 7, 10, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 24, 27) with carrier rollers (11, 12) are arranged on the circumference which guide the endless flat belt (2) to deflect the web (1) and then return the flat belt (2) to the run-up point of the web (1) on the flat belt (2). 2. Device for deflecting a web according to claim 1, characterized in that instead of a flat belt (2) as a carrier element for the web (1), a multi-V-belt (34) is used, which is provided on its underside with a plurality of splines (35) and that deflection rollers (39) and deflection elements (37) are used, the outer profile (36) of which is adapted to the splines (35) of the multiple V-belt (34). 3. Apparatus according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the mechanical means for deflecting the belt (2) and the web guided thereon (1) for deflection angles α = 90 ° from cylindrical rollers (3, 3 ', 3 ", 6th , 13, 16, 23, 26) and for deflection angles α ≠ 90 ° consist of tubular or tubular segment-shaped deflecting bodies (4, 7, 8, 10, 14, 15, 18, 19, 20, 24, 27), on their circumferences Carrier rollers (11, 12) are arranged. 4. Apparatus according to claim 1 and 3, characterized in that support rollers (11) are provided on the tubular or tubular segment-shaped deflecting bodies which have an elliptical curvature of the support surface (21) with the main ellipse axes a =

and b = r, where r is the radius of the respective deflecting body and the run-up angle of the carrying strap (2) on the respective deflecting body. 5. Apparatus according to claim 1 and 3, characterized in that support rollers (12) are provided on the tubular or tubular segment-shaped deflecting bodies which have a support surface (22) for the carrying strap (2), the curvature of which with an average radius that of the elliptical Carrying rollers (11) is approximated. 6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the tubular or tubular segment-shaped deflecting bodies (28) are provided on their circumferences with ball cages (29) and therein rotatably mounted balls (9) on which the endless flat belt (2) rolls for deflection and that the flat belt (2) procure it and the number of balls (9) is selected so that no deflection of the flat belt (2) takes place on the surface during the deflection and the flat belt (2) does not touch the deflecting body (28). 7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the tubular or tubular segment-shaped deflector (33) is designed as a pressure vessel and has a connection (31) for compressed air (30) and that the ball cages (29) bores (32) to the interior of the Have pressure vessel, the balls (9) in the ball cages (29) closing off the interior and when the carrying strap (2) runs onto the balls (9) rotate in the ball cages (29) on an air cushion. 8. Device according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that one of the cylindrical deflection rollers (3, 3 ', 3 ", 6, 13, 16, 23, 26) of the deflection device with a drive (5) for driving the belt ( 2) and thus the web (1) is provided. 9. Device according to claims 1 and 3 to 8, characterized in that means are provided for correcting, regulating and controlling the carrying belt run on the deflection device, which allow horizontal rotation of the axis of the cylindrical deflection rollers (3, 3 ', 3 ", 13, 23) around the center of the rollers. 10. Device according to claims 1 and 3 to 8, characterized in that means are provided for correcting, regulating and controlling the shoulder strap run on the deflection device, the axially parallel displacement of the deflection axis of the deflecting body (10, 20) and thus a change in the wrap angle allow on the deflector (10, 20 and 8, 19). 11. Device according to claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the deflecting body (8, 18, 19) for returning the carrying strap (2) within the deflecting body (4, 14, 15) for the belt (2) and web (1) are arranged. 12. Device according to claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the deflecting body (8, 18, 19, 27) for returning the carrying strap (2) in front of the deflecting body (4, 14, 15, 24) for deflecting the belt (2nd ) and the web (1) are arranged.

Images