EP0025157A1 - Method for washing the air in air conditioning installations - Google Patents

Method for washing the air in air conditioning installations Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0025157A1
EP0025157A1 EP80105021A EP80105021A EP0025157A1 EP 0025157 A1 EP0025157 A1 EP 0025157A1 EP 80105021 A EP80105021 A EP 80105021A EP 80105021 A EP80105021 A EP 80105021A EP 0025157 A1 EP0025157 A1 EP 0025157A1
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Prior art keywords
air
ozone
water
fluid
spray
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EP80105021A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0025157B1 (en
Inventor
Bruno Bachhofer
Anton Locher
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Priority to AT80105021T priority Critical patent/ATE2633T1/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/12Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
    • F24F3/14Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/10Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
    • F24F8/117Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering using wet filtering
    • F24F8/133Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering using wet filtering by direct contact with liquid, e.g. with sprayed liquid
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F6/00Air-humidification, e.g. cooling by humidification
    • F24F6/12Air-humidification, e.g. cooling by humidification by forming water dispersions in the air
    • F24F6/14Air-humidification, e.g. cooling by humidification by forming water dispersions in the air using nozzles
    • F24F2006/146Air-humidification, e.g. cooling by humidification by forming water dispersions in the air using nozzles using pressurised water for spraying
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/20Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by sterilisation
    • F24F8/24Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by sterilisation using sterilising media
    • F24F8/26Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by sterilisation using sterilising media using ozone

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for air washing in air conditioning systems using a spray chamber through which the air is passed and in which a spray is generated by spraying and collecting a supply of scrubber water.
  • Air disinfection with ozone fails due to the control problem of only adding as much ozone as can be reduced by the undesirable organic substances present in the air at the moment. It is important to avoid excess ozone in the air we breathe under all circumstances, as this is toxic.
  • the esundheitshuntn in the relevant provisions of G fixed maximum allowable concentration (MAC value) is 0.1 ppm ozone.
  • the invention is based on the object of proposing an air disinfection method which can be used in air conditioning systems and which has no annoying or harmful side effects and, in particular in rooms with high demands on air hygiene, significantly improves the previous situation.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention in an air washing process of the type described in the introduction in that the scrubber water is treated in a circulating circuit with ozone and contains a halogen which reacts with ozone.
  • Air disinfection takes place in two stages or can be seen under two aspects. On the one hand, germs as well as other undesirable water constituents are washed out of the air, get into the ozone treatment unit with the water and are literally burned there by contact with concentrated ozone and then filtered out. Secondly, the bromine (hypobromite or bromine dioxide) activated by ozone creates a germ-free environment in the washer and, as has been shown, also in the ventilation ducts of the air conditioning system. Bacterial colonies no longer occur there. The permanent disinfection of the second type therefore does not only take place in the spray water.
  • bromine hypobromite or bromine dioxide
  • active oxygen becomes the air flow when humidifying the air given, which has a significant reduction in the number of bacteria in the air-conditioned rooms and has a very favorable effect on the well-being of the patient, for example during long-term operations or in intensive care units.
  • the bromine content of the spray water is not consumed.
  • the oxidation processes and the reduction processes linked to disinfection are reversible and the corresponding bromine states form a balance. This can be measured by measuring the redox potential and can also be controlled by influencing the amount of ozone accordingly.
  • the invention In addition to the safe killing of all germs and viruses in the conditioned air, the invention also has the advantage that the maintenance and cleaning effort for the laundry chambers can be reduced sustainably.
  • a spray chamber 1 is switched into the collecting duct of an air conditioning system and the air flow passes through it in the direction of the arrow.
  • spray nozzles 2 and in the right part baffle plates 3 are indicated schematically.
  • a circulation pump 5 sucks off the scrubbing water at the bottom of the spray chamber and conveys it to the spray nozzles 2.
  • Another circulation circuit runs from the water supply 4 back to the water supply 4 via a circulation pump 6 and an ozone treatment unit 7.
  • the ozone treatment unit 7 consists of a container which is partially filled with fine filter gravel 8 and has a filter star 9 at the outlet.
  • an ozone generator 10 is arranged, which is fed from the outside with dried compressed air and high voltage.
  • the ozone gas exits through a check valve 11 on the underside of the ozone generator.
  • the check valve 11 is surrounded by a mixer chamber 12 which adjoins the ozone generator 10 at the bottom and contains baffles.
  • the water supply line is inserted through the lid of the container and at the bottom the mixer chamber 12 connected. In the mixer chamber, the water entering through the feed line is mixed intensively with the ozone-containing gas emerging from the check valve 11, after which it leaves the mixer chamber again in the radial direction.
  • the spray water contains a nutrient-free complexing agent to avoid limescale deposits.

Abstract

An air washing apparatus consisting essentially of two separate cyclic units. In the first cyclic unit, air is sprayed with a fluid consisting of water and a halogen. The spray removes impurities from the air, and brings the impurities into the fluid supply from which the impurities are removed in the second cyclic unit, by treating the fluid with ozone. After treatment, the fluid is returned to the fluid supply where the halogen in the fluid supply removes any ozone present, and thereby renders the fluid safe.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Luftwäsche in Klimaanlagen unter Verwendung einer Sprühkammer, durch welche die Luft hindurchgeleitet wird und in der durch Versprühen und Wiederauffangen eines Vorrats von Wäscherwasser ein Sprühnebel erzeugt wird.The invention relates to a method for air washing in air conditioning systems using a spray chamber through which the air is passed and in which a spray is generated by spraying and collecting a supply of scrubber water.

Eine derartige Luftwäsche bewirkt eine Befeuchtung der Luft und eine Ausschwemmung von Staubpartikeln. In klimatisierten Räumen mit besonders hohem Aufkommen an Keimen, wie z.B. in Krankenhäusern, stellt sich jedoch das zusätzliche Problem der Luftdesinfektion, das bisher nicht befriedigend gelöst werden konnte. Trotz Zugabe von chemischen Desinfektionsmitteln zum Umlaufsprühwasser werden bekanntlich in diesen Sprühkammern außerordentlich hohe Koloniezahlen festgestellt. Außerdem bringen Desinfektionsmittel eigene Probleme, insbesondere Geruchsprobleme in den Aufenthaltsräumen, mit sich. Ferner war bislang einem Bakterienwachstum in den Belüftungskanälen von Klimaanlagen und einer dadurch verursachten Nachbekeimung der Luft nicht beizukommen.Such an air wash causes humidification of the air and a flushing out of dust particles. In air-conditioned rooms with a particularly high number of germs, e.g. in hospitals, however, there is the additional problem of air disinfection, which has so far not been solved satisfactorily. Despite the addition of chemical disinfectants to the circulating spray water, it is known that extremely high numbers of colonies are found in these spray chambers. Disinfectants also have their own problems, especially odor problems in the common rooms. Furthermore, bacterial growth in the ventilation ducts of air conditioning systems and the consequent re-germination of the air could not be prevented.

Die Luftdesinfektion mit Ozon scheitert an dem regelungstechnischen Problem, nur soviel Ozon zuzugeben, wie von den augenblicklich in der Luft enthaltenen unerwünschten organischen Substanzen reduziert werden kann. Es kommt darauf an, überschüssiges Ozon in der Atemluft unter allen Umständen zu vermeiden, da dieses giftig ist. Die in den einschlägigen Vorschriften der Gesundheitsbehörden festgelegte maximale Arbeitsplatzkonzentration (MAK-Wert) beträgt 0,1 ppm Ozon.Air disinfection with ozone fails due to the control problem of only adding as much ozone as can be reduced by the undesirable organic substances present in the air at the moment. It is important to avoid excess ozone in the air we breathe under all circumstances, as this is toxic. The esundheitsbehörden in the relevant provisions of G fixed maximum allowable concentration (MAC value) is 0.1 ppm ozone.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein bei Klimaanlagen einsetzbares Luftdesinfektionsverfahren vorzuschlagen, das keine lästigen oder schädlichen Nebenwirkungen hat und insbesondere bei Räumen mit hohen Ansprüchen an die Lufthygiene die bisherige Situation wesentlich verbessert.The invention is based on the object of proposing an air disinfection method which can be used in air conditioning systems and which has no annoying or harmful side effects and, in particular in rooms with high demands on air hygiene, significantly improves the previous situation.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einem Luftwaschverfahren der einleitend bezeichneten Art erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß das Wäscherwasser in einem Umwälzkreis mit Ozon behandelt wird und ein mit Ozon reagierendes Halogen enthält.This object is achieved according to the invention in an air washing process of the type described in the introduction in that the scrubber water is treated in a circulating circuit with ozone and contains a halogen which reacts with ozone.

Es hat sich gezeigt, daß entgegen den Befürchtungen der Fachkreise und der Genehmigungsbehörden eine Uberdosis von Ozon in der klimatisierten Luft mit Sicherheit vermieden wird. Hierfür ist das zunächst in Form von gelöstem Bromid im Wasser vorhandene Brom verantwortlich. Dieses baut evtl. außerhalb der Ozonbehandlungseinheit im Wasser vorhandenes überschüssiges Ozon unter Bildung von Hypobromit oder Bromdioxid zwingend ab. Messungen an einer Versuchsanlage haben ergeben, daß die höchste auftretende Ozonkonzentration in dem den Sprühdüsen zufließenden Wasser 0,03 ml/m3 betrug und an den Raumbelüftungsdüsen der Klimaanlage höchstens 0,01 ppm.It has been shown that, contrary to the fears of the specialist circles and the licensing authorities, an overdose of ozone in the conditioned air is definitely avoided. The bromine present in the water in the form of dissolved bromide is responsible for this. This may break down excess ozone present in the water outside of the ozone treatment unit with the formation of hypobromite or bromine dioxide. Measurements on a test plant have shown that the highest ozone concentration occurring in the water flowing to the spray nozzles was 0.03 ml / m 3 and at the room ventilation nozzles of the air conditioning system at most 0.01 ppm.

Die Luftdesinfektion vollzieht sich in zwei Stufen bzw. ist unter zwei Aspekten zu sehen. Zum einen werden Keime wie auch andere unerwünschte Wasserinhaltsstoffe aus der Luft ausgewaschen, gelangen mit dem Wasser in die Ozonbehandlungseinheit und werden dort durch den Kontakt mit konzentriertem Ozon regelrecht verbrannt und dann ausgefiltert. Zum anderen bewirkt das durch Ozon "aktivierte Brom" (Hypobromit oder Bromdioxid) ein keimfreies Milieu im Wascher und wie sich gezeigt hat auch in den Belüftungskanälen der Klimaanlage. Bakterienkolonien treten dort nicht mehr auf. Die permanente Desinfektion zweiter Art findet also nicht nur im Sprühwasser statt. Von den genannten Brom-Sauerstoff-Verbindungen wird vielmehr bei der Luftbefeuchtung aktiver Sauerstoff dem Luftstrom mitgegeben, was eine erhebliche Verringerung der Keimzahlen in den klimatisierten Räumen zur Folge hat und das Befinden der Patienten, z.B. bei langdauernden Operationen oder auf Intensivstationen, sehr günstig beeinflußt.Air disinfection takes place in two stages or can be seen under two aspects. On the one hand, germs as well as other undesirable water constituents are washed out of the air, get into the ozone treatment unit with the water and are literally burned there by contact with concentrated ozone and then filtered out. Secondly, the bromine (hypobromite or bromine dioxide) activated by ozone creates a germ-free environment in the washer and, as has been shown, also in the ventilation ducts of the air conditioning system. Bacterial colonies no longer occur there. The permanent disinfection of the second type therefore does not only take place in the spray water. Of the bromine-oxygen compounds mentioned, active oxygen becomes the air flow when humidifying the air given, which has a significant reduction in the number of bacteria in the air-conditioned rooms and has a very favorable effect on the well-being of the patient, for example during long-term operations or in intensive care units.

Der Bromgehalt des Sprühwassers wird nicht verbraucht. Die Oxydations- und die mit der Desinfektion gekoppelten Reduktionsvorgänge sind umkehrbar und die entsprechenden Zustandsformen des Broms bilden ein Gleichgewicht. Dieses ist durch Messung des Redoxpotentials meßbar und durch entsprechende Beeinflussung der Ozonmenge auch steuerbar.The bromine content of the spray water is not consumed. The oxidation processes and the reduction processes linked to disinfection are reversible and the corresponding bromine states form a balance. This can be measured by measuring the redox potential and can also be controlled by influencing the amount of ozone accordingly.

Abgesehen von der sicheren Abtötung aller Keime und Viren in der klimatisierten Luft hat die Erfindung auch den Vorteil, daß der Wartungs- und Reinigungsaufwand für die Wäscherkammern nachhaltig verringert werden kann.In addition to the safe killing of all germs and viruses in the conditioned air, the invention also has the advantage that the maintenance and cleaning effort for the laundry chambers can be reduced sustainably.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird anhand der Zeichnung erläutert.An embodiment of the invention is explained with reference to the drawing.

Eine Sprühkammer 1 ist in den Sammelkanal einer Klimaanlage eingeschaltet und wird in Pfeilrichtung vom Luftstrom durchsetzt. Im linken Teil sind Sprühdüsen 2 und im rechten Teil Prallbleche 3 schematisch angedeutet. Im unteren Teil der Sprühkammer 1 befindet sich ein Wasservorrat 4, von dem eine Umwälzpumpe 5 am Boden der Sprühkammer das Wäscherwasser absaugt und zu den Sprühdüsen 2 fördert. Ein weiterer Umwälzkreis verläuft vom Wasservorrat 4 über eine Umwälzpumpe 6 und eine Ozonbehandlungseinheit 7 zum Wasservorrat 4 zurück.A spray chamber 1 is switched into the collecting duct of an air conditioning system and the air flow passes through it in the direction of the arrow. In the left part, spray nozzles 2 and in the right part baffle plates 3 are indicated schematically. In the lower part of the spray chamber 1 there is a water supply 4, from which a circulation pump 5 sucks off the scrubbing water at the bottom of the spray chamber and conveys it to the spray nozzles 2. Another circulation circuit runs from the water supply 4 back to the water supply 4 via a circulation pump 6 and an ozone treatment unit 7.

Die Ozonbehandlungseinheit 7 besteht aus einem Behälter, der teilweise mit feinem Filterkies 8 gefüllt ist und am Auslauf einen Filterstern 9 aufweist. An der Innenseite des Behälterdeckels ist ein Ozonerzeuger 10 angeordnet, der von außen her mit getrockneter Druckluft und Hochspannung gespeist wird. Das Ozongas tritt über ein Rückschlagventil 11 an der Unterseite des Ozonerzeugers aus. Das Rückschlagventil 11 ist von einer Mischerkammer 12 umgeben, die sich unten an den Ozonerzeuger 10 anschließt und Schikanen enthält. Die Wasserzuleitung ist durch den Deckel des Behälters in diesen eingeführt und am Boden der Mischerkammer 12 angeschlossen. In der Mischerkammer wird das durch die Zuleitung eintretende Wasser mit dem aus dem Rückschlagventil 11 austretenden ozonhaltigen Gas intensiv vermischt, wonach es die Mischerkammer in radialer Richtung wieder verläßt. Jetzt beruhigt sich das Wasser und wandert nur langsam durch den Filterkies 8 nach unten. Dabei sammelt sich Luft und überschüssiges Ozon oben im Behälter und verläßt diesen über ein schwimmergesteuertes Entgasungsventil 13, an das sich ein nicht dargestelltes Aktivkohlefilter zur Vernichtung des Restozons anschließt.The ozone treatment unit 7 consists of a container which is partially filled with fine filter gravel 8 and has a filter star 9 at the outlet. On the inside of the container lid, an ozone generator 10 is arranged, which is fed from the outside with dried compressed air and high voltage. The ozone gas exits through a check valve 11 on the underside of the ozone generator. The check valve 11 is surrounded by a mixer chamber 12 which adjoins the ozone generator 10 at the bottom and contains baffles. The water supply line is inserted through the lid of the container and at the bottom the mixer chamber 12 connected. In the mixer chamber, the water entering through the feed line is mixed intensively with the ozone-containing gas emerging from the check valve 11, after which it leaves the mixer chamber again in the radial direction. Now the water calms down and only slowly moves down through the filter gravel 8. Air and excess ozone collects at the top in the container and leaves it via a float-controlled degassing valve 13, which is followed by an activated carbon filter (not shown) for the destruction of the residual ozone.

Das Sprühwasser enthält außer Bromid bzw. Brom einen nährstofffreien Komplexbildner zur Vermeidung von Kalkablagerungen.In addition to bromide or bromine, the spray water contains a nutrient-free complexing agent to avoid limescale deposits.

Von Zeit zu Zeit wird der Filter mit Hilfe nicht darge-stellter Einrichtungen unter Verwendung des Wäscherwassers rückgespült. Dieses in den Kanal abgeleitete Rückspülwasser wird anschließend wieder durch Frischwasser ersetzt, wobei durch Zugabe einer entsprechenden Menge Bromwasserstoffsäure und Komplexbildner die ausgespülten Substanzen wieder ergänzt werden.From time to time the filter means will not constitute g e-imputed facilities using the scrubber water backwashed. This backwashing water discharged into the sewer is then replaced by fresh water, the flushed out substances being replenished by adding an appropriate amount of hydrobromic acid and complexing agents.

Claims (1)

Verfahren zur Luftwäsche in Klimaanlagen unter Verwendung einer Sprühkammer, durch welche die Luft hindurchgeleitet wird und in der durch Versprühen und Wiederauffangen eines Vorrats von Wäscherwasser ein Sprühnebel erzeugt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Wäscherwasser (4) in einem Umwälzkreis mit Ozon behandelt wird und ein mit Ozon reagierendes Halogen enthält.Method for air washing in air conditioning systems using a spray chamber through which the air is passed and in which a spray mist is produced by spraying and collecting a supply of scrubbing water, characterized in that the scrubbing water (4) is treated with ozone in a circulation circuit and a contains halogen reacting with ozone.
EP80105021A 1979-08-29 1980-08-23 Method for washing the air in air conditioning installations Expired EP0025157B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT80105021T ATE2633T1 (en) 1979-08-29 1980-08-23 METHOD OF AIR WASHING IN AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEMS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19792934846 DE2934846A1 (en) 1979-08-29 1979-08-29 AIRWASHING METHOD IN AIR CONDITIONING
DE2934846 1979-08-29

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0025157A1 true EP0025157A1 (en) 1981-03-18
EP0025157B1 EP0025157B1 (en) 1983-02-23

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EP80105021A Expired EP0025157B1 (en) 1979-08-29 1980-08-23 Method for washing the air in air conditioning installations

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US (1) US4410339A (en)
EP (1) EP0025157B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS5659141A (en)
AT (1) ATE2633T1 (en)
DE (1) DE2934846A1 (en)

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WO2017143599A1 (en) * 2016-02-27 2017-08-31 孙华 Air purification method and system

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US4410339A (en) 1983-10-18
JPS5659141A (en) 1981-05-22
ATE2633T1 (en) 1983-03-15
DE2934846A1 (en) 1981-03-19
DE2934846C2 (en) 1990-10-31
EP0025157B1 (en) 1983-02-23

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