EP0024978B1 - Procédé et dispositif de détection d'éboulement(s) sur voie ferroviaire - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de détection d'éboulement(s) sur voie ferroviaire Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0024978B1
EP0024978B1 EP80401193A EP80401193A EP0024978B1 EP 0024978 B1 EP0024978 B1 EP 0024978B1 EP 80401193 A EP80401193 A EP 80401193A EP 80401193 A EP80401193 A EP 80401193A EP 0024978 B1 EP0024978 B1 EP 0024978B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
band
rail
detection
pass filter
output
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP80401193A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0024978A1 (fr
Inventor
Francis Rouzier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SNCF Mobilites
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SNCF Mobilites
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SNCF Mobilites filed Critical SNCF Mobilites
Priority to AT80401193T priority Critical patent/ATE8231T1/de
Publication of EP0024978A1 publication Critical patent/EP0024978A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0024978B1 publication Critical patent/EP0024978B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L23/00—Control, warning or like safety means along the route or between vehicles or trains
    • B61L23/04—Control, warning or like safety means along the route or between vehicles or trains for monitoring the mechanical state of the route
    • B61L23/041—Obstacle detection
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L1/00—Devices along the route controlled by interaction with the vehicle or train
    • B61L1/02—Electric devices associated with track, e.g. rail contacts
    • B61L1/06—Electric devices associated with track, e.g. rail contacts actuated by deformation of rail; actuated by vibration in rail
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L23/00—Control, warning or like safety means along the route or between vehicles or trains
    • B61L23/06—Control, warning or like safety means along the route or between vehicles or trains for warning men working on the route

Definitions

  • the invention relates to safety on railway tracks and in particular to the detection of landslides likely to occur in tunnels and tracks in trenches or open to such a threat by the environment, with a view to signaling them.
  • the invention also relates to the detection of approaching trains.
  • seismographic type safety devices has the disadvantage that the transmission of tremors due to a landslide is very quickly absorbed by the ground, which implies a prohibitive multiplication of equipment and possible causes of failure.
  • the detection device uses a vibration sensor cooperating with a rail and associated with a low-pass filter detection circuit to eliminate the signals appearing at the natural frequency of the rail, which limits its use to the detection of the passage of a train and excludes any detection of landslides on the railway track and any detection of approaching trains.
  • the landslide detection device comprises a barrier to be installed next to the railway track and provided with an electrical contact reacting to the mechanical deformation of the barrier in the event of a landslide.
  • the installation of such a barrier is bulky and expensive and the barrier is not reliable. Train approach detection is not possible.
  • the subject of the present invention is a method for detecting landslides on a railway track, the implementation of which requires only relatively small apparatus for good detection quality.
  • the detection method according to the invention of landslide (s) on a railway track is characterized in that the vibrations induced by the landslide or landslides are detected in at least one rail of the track, used as a mechanical transducer and preferred transmitter at least one specific frequency band of the rail detected to trigger an alarm signaling, and that the detection is neutralized each time the train passes.
  • the detection device based on such a method is characterized in that it comprises a vibration sensor intended to be fixed on the side of a rail and producing electrical output signals as a function of the detected vibrations, means for amplifying the signals produced by the sensor, at least one bandpass filter adjusted to a frequency band having a privileged propagation in the rails of the track and connected to the output of said amplification means, a device for switching a signaling of alarm responding to a certain level of signal at the output of the bandpass filter, and means for neutralizing the operation of the device that can be actuated at each passage of the train.
  • the detection device comprises two bandpass filters in parallel, these two filters being adjusted to the frequency bands which have been found to encompass the main frequency domains generated in the rails by the phenomena to be detected , or on the one hand, 1100 to 1500 Hz and, on the other hand, 6400 to 9600 Hz for the rails normally used in France.
  • the device In the absence of said means for neutralizing its operation, the device is applicable to the detection of approaching trains, which can in particular be useful for the protection of yards on track.
  • the detection device uses a vibration sensor, preferably constituted by a piezoelectric accelerometer of known type, covering a range of frequencies from 0 to 9,700 Hz, and having a sensitivity of 20 mV / g.
  • This accelerometer designated by 1 as a whole and provided with an output connector 1a, is intended to be fixed, as illustrated in FIG. 1, on the external flank of the head 2 of a rail 3 of the track, which has proven to be the best vibration detection area on the rail.
  • the frame forms a sort of support bracket, one branch of which constitutes a sole plate 6 which can be engaged under the pad 4 between two track crosspieces and having one end 7 which forms a hook for gripping an edge of the pad, while a clamping toad 8 is provided on the other edge of the shoe, mounted on a stud 9 which the sole carries and lockable with a nut 10 and lock nut 11.
  • the toad 8 has an oblong slot 12 d 'engagement on the stud 9, allowing the possible adaptation of the frame to any form of pad that may be encountered.
  • the other branch 13 of the support bracket has an oblong slot 14 at its upper part which is traversed by the threaded tail 15 of a guide piece 16 of the spring 5 for holding the accelerometer 1.
  • the positioning of the latter can thus be carried out by adjusting the threaded shank 15 in the slot 14, before it is blocked by a nut 17 and lock nut 18.
  • a vibration resulting in an acceleration of 0.1 - 10- 3 g can lead in this example to a peak voltage of 2 mV at the output of said charge amplifier.
  • the output of the charge amplifier 19, which provides a signal on low impedance, is connected to a vibration analysis circuit which will be seen later, via an input amplifier designated by 20 as a whole and which is here constituted, as illustrated in FIG. 3, using a differential amplifier 21 whose inverting input is connected to the output of the amplifier 19 by a resistor 22 and the input non-inverting to ground by a resistor 23, while a feedback loop provided between non-inverting output and input comprises, in parallel, a resistor 24 of impedance here a hundred times higher than that of resistor 22 and two limitation diodes 25, 26 arranged head to tail.
  • Such an amplifier 20 has a high gain for weak signals (40 dB without saturation). At strong signals, its response becomes logarithmic and the signal is written by diodes 25-26 in order to avoid a risk of saturation of the stages of the vibration analysis circuit.
  • the latter here comprises two bandpass filters designated by 27 and 28 as a whole, arranged in parallel and to the inputs of which the output of the differential amplifier 21 is connected, the bandpass 27 being adjusted to the frequencies from 1100 to 1,500 Hz and bandpass 28 on frequencies from 6,400 to 9,600 Hz.
  • Each band pass filter is here composed (see fig. 3) of a high pass filter 27a or 28a followed by a low pass filter 27b or 28b, each of these high pass or low pass filters being here constituted by a filter of well-known type, the diagram of which will not be described further on and of which it will be sufficient to recall that the resistances connectable at the choice of these filters, respectively designated by 29 for the filter 27a, 30 for the filter 27b, 31 for the filter 28a and 32 for the filter 28b, determine with the associated capacitors 33 the cut-off frequency of these filters, while the high-pass output is taken from the output of the first differential amplifier constituting each filter while the output passes -bas is taken from the output of the last differential amplifier of each filter.
  • the filters are adjusted so that the high-pass filter 27a transmits to the low-pass filter 27b only the frequencies above 1100 Hz, the latter blocking the frequencies above 1500 Hz, so that its pass-through output low 34 transmits only frequencies between 1100 and 1500 Hz.
  • the high-pass filter 28a transmits to the low-pass filter 28b only frequencies above about 6,400 Hz, the latter blocking frequencies above 9,600 Hz, so that its low-pass output 35 only transmits than frequencies between 6400 and 9600 Hz.
  • the outputs of the bandpass filters 27, 28 can then be simply connected by an adaptation amplifier 36 to a switching device 37 for alarm signaling, which can take various forms.
  • this switching device 37 will be provided with memory or self-maintenance in response to any detection of landslides where the phenomenon is of a temporary nature but where the signaling must remain until security check and remedy brought to the incident.
  • Alarm signaling can also take various forms.
  • It may be a luminous visual signaling 38 provided on the track at an appropriate distance from the detector, or a signaling calling on the well-known track safety circuit known as an “luminous automatic block”, with track sections which can be short-circuited by the passage of trains, the signaling of landslides then resulting from the maintained closure of a circuit for short-circuiting the track section or sections adjacent to the area protected by the detector or more of them.
  • FIG. 3 An example of a relay switching device is given in FIG. 3, in which an amplifier assembly also serving as a rectifier is provided for supplying a relay 39 with direct current, the closing contact 40 of which is placed on the supply circuit of the light signaling 38 and of which the reopening contact 41 with manual control is placed on its self-maintenance circuit.
  • This amplifier-rectifier assembly comprises at the output 34, 35 of each bandpass filter 27, 28 a separator amplifier 42 followed by a peak detector amplifier 43, the outputs of the latter being both connected to the input terminal of relay 39 solenoid.
  • Each separating amplifier 42 is formed using a differential amplifier 42a driven at its non-inverting input and arranged to have a gain of approximately 10dB.
  • Each peak detector amplifier 43 is constituted by means of a differential amplifier 43a driven on its non-inverting input by means of a writing diode 44 in derivation with respect to which a resistance circuit 45 is arranged. and capacitor 46 having a time constant RC of the order of 0.1 S, so that the capacitor 46 forms a capacitor continuous supply tank of the non-inverting input of the differential amplifier 43a when it is loaded by the half-waves passing through the clipping diode.
  • This amplifier 43a also has a resistance feedback loop 47 between output and inverting input, which here gives it a gain of about 27 dB.
  • the solenoid of the relay 39 is notably supplied with inrush direct current. and maintaining its closing contact activating the light signaling 38.
  • Detection distances ranging from 200 to 300 and even 500 meters have thus been obtained experimentally, by simulating landslides by falling material of a nature and minimum quantity capable of causing an obstruction in a tunnel, depending on whether the fall affects the ballast alone, the ballast and at least one cross member, or the detection rail.
  • Such a detection device is also applicable, as already mentioned, to the detection of approaching trains, for which a detection signaled at an average distance of 500 meters has been obtained experimentally, the alarm signaling then being sound in the case of sites under way.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
  • Control Of Turbines (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Emergency Alarm Devices (AREA)
EP80401193A 1979-08-23 1980-08-14 Procédé et dispositif de détection d'éboulement(s) sur voie ferroviaire Expired EP0024978B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT80401193T ATE8231T1 (de) 1979-08-23 1980-08-14 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum feststellen eines (von) erdrutsches(n) auf schienenwegen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7921267 1979-08-23
FR7921267A FR2463707A1 (fr) 1979-08-23 1979-08-23 Procede et dispositif de detection d'eboulement(s) sur voie ferroviaire ou d'approche des trains

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0024978A1 EP0024978A1 (fr) 1981-03-11
EP0024978B1 true EP0024978B1 (fr) 1984-07-04

Family

ID=9229039

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80401193A Expired EP0024978B1 (fr) 1979-08-23 1980-08-14 Procédé et dispositif de détection d'éboulement(s) sur voie ferroviaire

Country Status (4)

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EP (1) EP0024978B1 (es)
AT (1) ATE8231T1 (es)
DE (1) DE3068434D1 (es)
FR (1) FR2463707A1 (es)

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT399401B (de) * 1988-05-27 1995-05-26 Voest Alpine Eisenbahnsysteme Einrichtung zum erfassen des zustandes von schienenweichen oder kreuzungen
CH679847A5 (es) * 1990-01-12 1992-04-30 Bruno Mueller
GB2251507A (en) * 1991-01-04 1992-07-08 Andrew Norman Young Rolling stock safety device
DE4116650A1 (de) * 1991-05-22 1992-11-26 Gerd R Dipl Ing Wetzler Verfahren zur erkennung von schienenunterbrechungen bei endlos verschweissten eisenbahnschienen
DE4116997A1 (de) * 1991-05-24 1992-11-26 Telefunken Systemtechnik Verfahren zur erfassung von unerwuenschten veraenderungen oder manipulationen an langgestreckten koerperschalleitenden koerpern
ES2114389A1 (es) * 1994-06-20 1998-05-16 Sanchez Alba Jose Vigia dinamico de carril con destino al estudio y prevencion de accidentes en la circulacion de trenes.
DE4428784A1 (de) * 1994-08-13 1996-02-15 Ee Signals Gmbh & Co Kg Verfahren zur Erfassung von Gefahrenquellen
US5713540A (en) * 1996-06-26 1998-02-03 At&T Corp. Method and apparatus for detecting railway activity
JP2012171560A (ja) * 2011-02-23 2012-09-10 Nippon Signal Co Ltd:The 車輪検出装置
WO2019122193A1 (en) * 2017-12-20 2019-06-27 Railway Metrics And Dynamics Sweden Ab Detection units for monitoring a train travelling on a railway, and related systems and methods
DE102019127824A1 (de) * 2019-10-15 2021-04-15 Stabilus Gmbh System, Verfahren und Tragelement zur aktiven Dämpfung akustischer Schwingungen einer Schiene für den Schienenverkehr
DE102020134909A1 (de) 2020-12-23 2022-06-23 Pentanova Cs Gmbh Industrielle Förderanlage sowie Verfahren zur Erfassung des Zustands einer Schiene einer industriellen Förderanlage

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB276378A (en) * 1926-01-18 1928-03-22 Antoine France Improved sifting or screening apparatus for the classification of ores and the like
GB276374A (en) * 1927-08-22 1928-04-19 Georg Heinrich Schieferstein Method of supervising the condition of railway tracks
US2187518A (en) * 1937-08-24 1940-01-16 Union Switch & Signal Co Circuit controller
BE791283A (fr) * 1972-11-13 1973-05-14 Acec Pedale, en particulier pedale de chemin de fer.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0024978A1 (fr) 1981-03-11
DE3068434D1 (en) 1984-08-09
FR2463707B1 (es) 1982-11-12
ATE8231T1 (de) 1984-07-15
FR2463707A1 (fr) 1981-02-27

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