EP0024686A2 - Article comprenant un composant magnétique consistant essentiellement en un alliage de Fe-Cr-Co - Google Patents

Article comprenant un composant magnétique consistant essentiellement en un alliage de Fe-Cr-Co Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0024686A2
EP0024686A2 EP80104952A EP80104952A EP0024686A2 EP 0024686 A2 EP0024686 A2 EP 0024686A2 EP 80104952 A EP80104952 A EP 80104952A EP 80104952 A EP80104952 A EP 80104952A EP 0024686 A2 EP0024686 A2 EP 0024686A2
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Prior art keywords
alloy
weight percent
alloys
degrees
range
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EP80104952A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0024686A3 (fr
Inventor
Sungho Jin
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AT&T Corp
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Western Electric Co Inc
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Publication of EP0024686A2 publication Critical patent/EP0024686A2/fr
Publication of EP0024686A3 publication Critical patent/EP0024686A3/fr
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/30—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with cobalt
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
    • H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
    • H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
    • H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys

Definitions

  • the invention is concerned with magnetic materials containing Fe-Cr-Co.
  • Magnetic materials suitable for use in relays, ringers, and electroacoustic transducers such as loudspeakers and telephone receivers characteristically exhibit high values of magnetic coercivity, remanence, and energy product.
  • alloys having suitable magnetic properties are Al-Ni-Co-Fe and Cu-Ni-Fe alloys which are members of a group of alloys considered to undergo spinodal decomposition resulting in a fine-scale, two-phase microstructure.
  • alloys containing Fe, Cr and Co have been investigated with regard to potential suitability in the manufacture of permanent magnets.
  • certain ternary Fe-Cr-Co alloys are disclosed in H. Kaneko et al., "New Ductile Permanent Magnet of Fe-Cr-Co Systems", AIP Conference Proceedings, No. 5, 1972, p. 1088, and in U. S. patent 3,806,336, "Magnetic Alloys”.
  • Quaternary alloys containing ferrite forming elements such as, e.g., Ti, Al, Si, Nb, or Ta in addition to Fe, Cr and Co are disclosed in U. S. patent 3,954,519 "Iron-Chromium-Cobalt Spinodal Decomposition Type Magnetic Alloy Comprising Niobium and/or Tantalum", U. S. patent 3,989,556 "Semihard Magnetic Alloy and a Process for the Production Thereof", U. S. patent 3,982,972 “Semihard Magnetic Alloy and a Process for the Production Thereof", and U. S. patent 4,075,437 “Composition, Processing, and Devices Including Magnetic Alloy", in the paper by G. Y.
  • Fe-Cr-Co alloys and alloy processing are disclosed in pending U. S,. patent applications Serial No. 924,137, now U. S. patent no. 4,174,983 Serial No. 924,138, now Belgian patent no. 877,631 and Serial No. 016,115 (Jin, S. 3).
  • Fe-Cr-Co alloys containing nickel and having enhanced kinetics of aging are disclosed in copending U. S. patent application Serial No. 069,277 (S. Jin 5).
  • the invention is an Fe-Cr-Co-Cu magnetic alloy which may also contain limited amounts of other elements.
  • the alloy preferably contains 22-38 weight percent Cr, 3-30 weight percent Co, 0.2-5 weight percent Cu, remainder essentially iron, and may contain one or several elements such as, e.g., Si, Al, Zr, Ti, Mo, V. Nb, Ta, W and Mn, preferably in a combined amount not exceeding 5 weight percent.
  • Y, La, and the elements comprising the lanthanide series may be present, preferably ina combined amount not exceeding 0.5 weight percent.
  • Typical magnetic properties of such Cu-containing alloys are remanence Br of 8000- 14000 gauss, coercive force H c of 200-1500 oersted (15,920-119400 A/m), and energy product (BB) max of 1.0-15.0 million gauss-oersted (79.6-1194 MG. A/m). Alloys of the invention may be processed to yield either isotropic or anisotropic magnet properties.
  • Magnets made from Fe-Cr-Co - Cu alloys may be used, e.g., in electroacoustic transducers such as loudspeakers and telephone receivers, relays, and ringers.
  • FIG. 1 shows demagnetization curves of two Fe-Cr-Co magnets and one Fe-Cr-Co-Cu magnet, all processed by deformation aging.
  • FIG. 2 shows magnetic properties as a function of weight percent cobalt for Fe-Cr-Co-Cu alloys containing 33 weight percent Cr, 2 weight percent Cu, remainder Fe; and Fe-Cr-Co alloys containing 33 weight percent Cr and remainder Fe. Alloys were processed by deformation aging.
  • Fe-Cr-Co-Cu alloys which contain Cr in a preferred range of 22-38 weight percent, Co in a preferred range of 3-30 weight percent, and Cu in a preferred range of 0.2-5 weight percent and remainder essentially Fe can be produced to have desirable magnetic properties.
  • Typical properties are remanence B r in a range of 8000-14000 gauss, coercivity H c in a range of 200-1500 oersted (15,920-119,400 A/m), and energy product (BH) max in a range of 1.0-15.0 million gauss-oersted (79.6-1194 MG' A/m).
  • alloys may contain one or several additional elements such as, e.g., Si, A1, Zr, Ti, Mo, V, Nb, Ta, W and Mn, preferably in a combined amount not exceeding 5 weight percent, and Y, La, and lanthanide series elements, preferably in a combined amount not exceeding 0.5 weight percent.
  • Alloys of the invention may be prepared, e.g., by casting from a melt of constituent elements Fe, Cr, Co, and Cu or their alloys in a crucible or furnace such as, e.g., an induction furnace.
  • a metallic body having a composition within the specified range may be prepared by powder metallurgy. Preparation of an alloy and, in particular, preparation by casting from a melt calls for care to guard against inclusion of excessive amounts of impurities as may originate from raw materials, from the furnace, or from atmosphere above the melt.
  • impurities such as, e.g., nitrogen
  • addition of ferrite forming elements may be dispensed with.
  • impurities such as, e.g., nitrogen
  • levels of specific impurities are preferably kept below 0.05 weight percent C, 0.05 weight percent N, 0.5 weight percent M g, 0.5 weight percent Ca, 0.1 wieght percent S, and 0.05 weight percent O.
  • ingots cast from a melt may be processed by additional steps such as, e.g., hot working, cold working, and solution annealing for purposes such as grain refining, shaping, or the development of desirable mechanical properties in the alloy. Additional processing steps such as, e.g., forming into final magnet shape, or machining may also be included during or after the preliminary processing. Such additional steps may also be carried out before or after aging heat treatment.
  • Aging heat treatment to produce a desirable spinodally decomposed multi-phase structure may be carried out by several previously disclosed methods as described, e.g., in U. S. patent 4,075,437, U. S. patent application Serial No. 924,137, filed July 13, 1978, now U. S. patent no. 4,174,983, U. S. patent application Serial No. 924,138, filed July 13,-1978, now Belgian Patent no. 877,631 or U. S. patent application Serial No. 016,115, (Jin, S. 3) filed February 28, 1979.
  • Isotropic magnet properties are obtained in the alloys of the invention by aging heat treatment in the absence of a magnetic field and without intermediate deformation.
  • Anisotropic, high energy magnet properties are obtained by using magnetic field heat treatment or intermediate deformation.
  • FIG. 1 An advantage realized by the new alloys is illustrated in FIG. 1 which shows superior squareness of B-H hysteresis loop for an alloy of the invention containing 2 weight percent Cu as compared with two prior art alloys.
  • FIG. 2 Another advantage is illustrated in FIG. 2 which shows a superior magnetic energy product for an alloy of the invention as compared with a prior art alloy.
  • Such advantages of the new alloys are significant in view of the lower cost of copper as compared with cobalt and further in view of slower kinetics of spinodal decomposition when Cu is substituted for a corresponding amount of Co, slower kinetics being particularly desirable in the processing of heavy section rods.
  • Excessive amount of Cu addition such as, e.g., above 5 weight percent is not desirable in the interest of minimizing chemical segregation in cast ingots and cracking during hot working.
  • the following examples are of various Fe-Cr-Co and Fe-Cr-Co-Cu alloy compositions which were processed by a variety of processing methods to yield isotropic or anisotropic magnetic properties. Samples were prepared by vacuum induction melting or elemental alloy constituents, casting, hot rolling at temperatures in the range of 1100-1200 degrees C, cold working, and solution annealing for 30 minutes at a temperature of approximately 950 degrees C. Subsequent processing was as described for individual examples. Sample diameter was 65 mil (0.1651 centimeter). Ultimate magnetic properties are shown in Table 1.
  • Example 1 (prior art). A sample of Fe-Cr-Co alloy containing 33 weight percent Cr and 7 weight percent Co was heated to a temperature of 650 degrees C, cooled at a rate of 4 degrees per hour to a temperature of 595 degrees C, water quenched, cold drawn 67 percent area reduction, reheated to a temperature of 585 degrees C, cooled at a rate of 8 degrees C per hour to a temperature of 540 degrees C, and further cooled at a rate of 4 degrees C per hour to 500 degrees C.
  • Example 2 (prior art). A sample of an Fe-Cr-Co alloy containing 33 weight percent Cr and 9 weight percent Co was heated to a temperature of 650 degrees C, cooled at a rate of 7 degrees C per hour to a temperature of 595 degrees C, water quenched, cold drawn 67 percent area reduction, reheated to a temperature of 585 degrees C, and cooled at a rate of 8 degrees C per hour to a temperature of 480 degrees C.
  • Example 3 (new). A sample of an Fe-Cr-Co-Cu alloy containing 33 weight percent Cr, 7 weight percent Co, and 2 weight percent Cu was treated as described in Example 1.
  • Example 4 (new). A sample of an Fe-Cr-Co-Cu alloy containing 33 weight percent Cr, 10 weight percent Co, and 2 weight percent Cu was heated to a temperature of approximately 650-670 degrees C, cooled at a rate of 25 degrees C per hour to a temperature of 600 degrees C, water quenched, cold drawn with 70 percent area reduction reheated to a temperature of 590 degrees C, cooled at a rate of 10 degrees C per hour to a temperature of 540 degrees C, and further cooled at a rate of 4 degrees C per hour to a temperature of 480 degrees C.
  • Example 5 (new). A sample of an Fe-Cr-Co-Cu alloy containing 33 weight percent Cr, 16 weight percent Co, and 2 weight percent Cu was heated to a temperature of 639 degrees C, cooled at a rate of 25 degrees C per hour to a temperature of 615 degrees C, water quenched, cold drawn 70 percent area reduction, reheated to 600 degrees C, and cooled at a rate of 33 degrees C per hour to a temperature of 500 degrees C.
  • Example 6 (new). A sample of an Fe-Cr-Co-Cu alloy containing 33 weight percent ' Cr, 20 weight percent Co, and 2 weight percent Cu was heated to a temperature of 647 degrees C, cooled at a rate of 40 degrees C, water quenched, wire drawn 70 percent area reduction, reheated to a temperature of 605 degrees C, and cooled at a rate of 40 degrees C per hour to a temperature of 500 degrees C.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
EP80104952A 1979-08-24 1980-08-20 Article comprenant un composant magnétique consistant essentiellement en un alliage de Fe-Cr-Co Withdrawn EP0024686A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US6927879A 1979-08-24 1979-08-24
US69278 1979-08-24

Publications (2)

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EP0024686A2 true EP0024686A2 (fr) 1981-03-11
EP0024686A3 EP0024686A3 (fr) 1981-08-19

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EP80104952A Withdrawn EP0024686A3 (fr) 1979-08-24 1980-08-20 Article comprenant un composant magnétique consistant essentiellement en un alliage de Fe-Cr-Co

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EP (1) EP0024686A3 (fr)
JP (1) JPS56501051A (fr)
KR (1) KR830003786A (fr)
ES (1) ES494412A0 (fr)
PL (1) PL226314A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1981000643A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2163778A (en) * 1984-08-30 1986-03-05 Sokkisha Magnetic medium used with magnetic scale
GB2177420A (en) * 1985-07-04 1987-01-21 Sokkisha Magnetic medium used for magnetic scale
EP0239838A1 (fr) * 1986-04-04 1987-10-07 Vacuumschmelze GmbH Application d'un alliage trempé rapidement à base de fer, de chrome et de cobalt

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS57149456A (en) * 1981-03-10 1982-09-16 Sumitomo Special Metals Co Ltd Dendritic fe-cr-co magnet alloy
US4601876A (en) * 1981-08-31 1986-07-22 Sumitomo Special Metals Co., Ltd. Sintered Fe-Cr-Co type magnetic alloy and method for producing article made thereof
RU2533068C1 (ru) * 2013-05-06 2014-11-20 Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт металлургии и материаловедения им. А.А. Байкова Российской академии наук (ИМЕТ РАН) Способ получения порошковых магнитотвердых сплавов на основе системы железо-хром-кобальт

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5118884B1 (fr) * 1970-12-29 1976-06-14
FR2415145A1 (fr) * 1978-01-19 1979-08-17 Aimants Ugimag Sa Procede de traitement thermique des alliages fe-co-cr pour aimants permanents

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US2272534A (en) * 1941-11-05 1942-02-10 Jr Jacob Trantin Alloy
DE1215939B (de) * 1965-03-11 1966-05-05 Witten Edelstahl Verwendung einer austenitischen aushaertbaren Stahllegierung als Werkstoff fuer Ventile
GB1367174A (en) * 1970-12-28 1974-09-18 Inoue Japax Res Magnetic-meterials
JPS515613B1 (fr) * 1971-04-02 1976-02-21
US3990892A (en) * 1972-03-28 1976-11-09 Kabushiki Kaisha Fujikoshi Wear resistant and heat resistant alloy steels
SU464656A1 (ru) * 1974-04-16 1975-03-25 Московский институт стали и сплавов Сплав на основе жжелеза
JPS5536059B2 (fr) * 1974-05-02 1980-09-18
US4082579A (en) * 1975-02-11 1978-04-04 The Foundation: The Research Institute Of Electric And Magnetic Alloys Rectangular hysteresis magnetic alloy
US3982972A (en) * 1975-03-21 1976-09-28 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Semihard magnetic alloy and a process for the production thereof
US3989556A (en) * 1975-03-21 1976-11-02 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Semihard magnetic alloy and a process for the production thereof
US4056411A (en) * 1976-05-14 1977-11-01 Ho Sou Chen Method of making magnetic devices including amorphous alloys
US4075437A (en) * 1976-07-16 1978-02-21 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated Composition, processing and devices including magnetic alloy
US4120704A (en) * 1977-04-21 1978-10-17 The Arnold Engineering Company Magnetic alloy and processing therefor
JPS5425212A (en) * 1977-07-29 1979-02-26 Hitachi Metals Ltd Feecrrco base permanent magnetic alloy
US4174983A (en) * 1978-07-13 1979-11-20 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated Fe-Cr-Co magnetic alloy processing

Patent Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5118884B1 (fr) * 1970-12-29 1976-06-14
FR2415145A1 (fr) * 1978-01-19 1979-08-17 Aimants Ugimag Sa Procede de traitement thermique des alliages fe-co-cr pour aimants permanents

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS, vol. 86, no. 16, April 1977 page 569, abstract 114647x, Columbus, Ohio, USA, & JP-B-51 018884 (NIPPON GAKKI CO. LTD. (14-06-1976) *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2163778A (en) * 1984-08-30 1986-03-05 Sokkisha Magnetic medium used with magnetic scale
GB2177420A (en) * 1985-07-04 1987-01-21 Sokkisha Magnetic medium used for magnetic scale
GB2177420B (en) * 1985-07-04 1989-07-12 Sokkisha Magnetic scale
EP0239838A1 (fr) * 1986-04-04 1987-10-07 Vacuumschmelze GmbH Application d'un alliage trempé rapidement à base de fer, de chrome et de cobalt

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL226314A1 (fr) 1981-06-19
KR830003786A (ko) 1983-06-22
EP0024686A3 (fr) 1981-08-19
ES8106181A1 (es) 1981-08-01
WO1981000643A1 (fr) 1981-03-05
ES494412A0 (es) 1981-08-01
JPS56501051A (fr) 1981-07-30

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