EP0024416A1 - Concentres pour combattre le feu - Google Patents

Concentres pour combattre le feu

Info

Publication number
EP0024416A1
EP0024416A1 EP80900477A EP80900477A EP0024416A1 EP 0024416 A1 EP0024416 A1 EP 0024416A1 EP 80900477 A EP80900477 A EP 80900477A EP 80900477 A EP80900477 A EP 80900477A EP 0024416 A1 EP0024416 A1 EP 0024416A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
water
polysaccharide
concentrate
combination
weight
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP80900477A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0024416A4 (fr
Inventor
Peter J. Chiesa, Jr.
Edward C. Norman
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Enterra Corp
Original Assignee
Enterra Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Enterra Corp filed Critical Enterra Corp
Publication of EP0024416A1 publication Critical patent/EP0024416A1/fr
Publication of EP0024416A4 publication Critical patent/EP0024416A4/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
    • A62D1/0071—Foams
    • A62D1/0085—Foams containing perfluoroalkyl-terminated surfactant

Definitions

  • the present invention relates primarily to the fighting of fires on hydrophilic liquids.
  • Aqueous foams are considered the most desirable materials for fighting fires on large bodies of flammable liquids, and applicant's earlier patent applications show that the presence of a thixotropic polysaccharide in dissolved condition in the aqueous liquid from which the foam is prepared, causes the foam to gel and become a bubble-containing mat when it contacts the hydrophilic liquid. Such mat floats on the burning liquid and protects the foam above it so that the fire is fairly rapidly extinguished.
  • the concentration of the thixotropic polysaccharide in the diluted solution is quite small so that it is difficult to develop a very good, stable mat formation. Moreover it is not too practical to merely dissolve a very high concentration of the thixotropic polysaccharide in the aqueous concentrate, inasmuch as this generally produces a concentrate that is too stiff a gel to be rapidly diluted to foaming dilution or to be suitable for use with the proportioning foamers that have been developed.
  • the solution of the thixotropic polysaccharide in the concentrate is colloidal in nature and the concentrate resembles a broken-up gel although it is pourable as well as pumpable and is readily inducted into the suction inlet of a venturi-type proportional diluter.
  • very desirable fire-fighting concentrates are in the form of colloidal solutions essentially in water, containing high concentrations of thixotropic polysaccharide thickener. So long as the concentrate is pourable, the higher the concentration of the polysaccharide thickener the greater the fire-fighting effectiveness and the more the concentrate can be diluted with water to make the fire-fighting foam. More dilution means less concentrate and less concentrate storage is needed to provide the same quantity of diluted liquid.
  • Particularly desirable thixotropic polysaccharides are heteropolysaccharide-7 described in U. S. Patent 3,915,800, as well as somewhat degraded forms of heteropolysaccharide-7. Among other advantages these polysaccharides yield more effective foams when the concentrates are diluted with sea water, as compared to fresh water.
  • Example 1 Some working examples illustrate the present invention.
  • Example 1
  • the heteropolysaccharide-7 is difficult to dissolve directly in water in the above-specified amount, and it is preferred to begin by mixing together the first five ingredients, using only 12 ml. of the fourth ingredient (the C 9 -substituted imidazoline) and adding the fifth in small portions with stirring, followed by pumping this pre-mix through a recirculating pump until smooth. The remaining ingredients are then added and the resulting mixture thoroughly mixed. Its pH should be about 7.1 to 8, and if necessary it is adjusted to that pH with acetic acid or ammonia. Upon completion of the stirring associated with the mixing, the product rapidly sets up to gel-like character, but is pourable and easily liquefied by a little agitation. With a bit of stirring it flows fairly easily. Under the influence of a suction of several inches of mercury produced at the intake of a venturi jet, the set-up product flows smoothly up into such a suction intake.
  • the formation of the mat involves gelation of the liquid contained in the foam and loss of water from the gelled liquid to the hydrophilic liquid through syneresis, and takes place so rapidly that the foam bubbles are trapped in the mat causing it to float on the hydrophilic liquid. This action takes place with about equal effectiveness when the diluting water is tap water or sea water or any combination of these two waters, and resulting diluates have about the same fire-fighting effectiveness.
  • Example 1 The formulation of Example 1 is modified in two respects. Instead of the 122 grams of heteropolysaccharide-7, there is added 138 grams of degraded form of that polysaccharide, and instead of 102 grams of the ethylammonium salt of the perfluorinated mixed acids, 100 grams of the free mixed acids
  • the degraded form of the polysaccharide is prepared by adding a little HCl to the fermentation broth in which it is formed to bring its pH to 6.5, and then heating the acidified broth to 90oC for thirty minutes. The degraded product is then recovered by the same technique used to recover the undegraded material.
  • degradation can be effected by heat alone or by oxidative attack.
  • a one-hour boiling of the fermentation broth causes degradation, or the fermentation broth can be treated with 1/20 its volume of 30% H 2 O 2 at 70oC for 30 minutes, and a similar degradation can be effected with 1/10 its volume of acidified 2% potassium permanganate at 50oC.
  • the degradation is not major and the degraded product is still quite insoluble in lower alcohols so that the recovery technique does not have to be modified. It is estimated that the degrading step shortens the polymer chains about twenty to thirty percent and has no other significant effect.
  • Example 2 The viscosity of a 1% aqueous solution of the polymer at low shear is generally reduced about 1/3, and this is the important result that is desired. Because of the viscosity reduction the formulation of Example 2 contains more of the polysaccharide and when diluted and foamed it is somewhat more effective in extinguishing fires on hydrophilic liquids. Thus when a typical concentrate of Example 2 has its viscosity measured with a Brookfield LVF viscometer using a No. 4 spindle, it gives the following readings at the designated spindle speeds:
  • such a concentrate is well suited for use with standard proportioning foamers. Because of the high content of the polysaccharide, over 1.1% by weight of the concentrate, it can be diluted with more than 10 times its volume of water and still do a very good job of extinguishing fires.
  • a typical fire test gives the following results on a burning batch of 60 gallons 99% isopropyl alcohol in a round pan providing a 40 square foot surface.
  • heteropolysaccharide-7 as well as of the thixotropic polysaccharides into which it can be degraded, is that they are more effective in extinguishing fires on hydrophilic liquids when they are used with sea water, as compared to their use with fresh water. This appears to be largely due to the presence of magnesium ions in sea water, and the addition of magnesium ions in the foregoing formulations in a proportion of at least about 1/6 the weight of the polysaccharide, shortens their fire extinguishing times when they are diluted with fresh water. It has no significant effect on the fire extinguishing when sea water is the diluent.
  • magnesium sulfate in a proportion of about 1.3 to about 1.7 times the weight of the polysaccharide is a preferred choice and gives magnesium ions in a proportion of about 1/4 to about 1/3 the weight of the polysaccharide.
  • magnesium chloride, nitrate, and/or acetate can be substituted for some or all of the magnesium sulfate, if desired.
  • Other metallic ions such as of calcium, chromium and the others listed in U. S. Patent 3,915,800 (Table VII) can be substituted for the magnesium but are not as good at equalizing the effects of sea water and fresh water dilution.
  • the urea in the foregoing examples speeds up the solution of the polysaccharide in the water.
  • the optimum urea content of the water in which the polysaccharide is to be dissolved is not as high as for the undegraded heteropolysaccharide-7.
  • the increase in polysaccharide dissolution rate makes itself felt however, even with lesser concentrations of urea, and its effect is not changed much over wide variations in the amount of polysaccharide being dissolved.
  • the urea also helps reduce the freezing point of the concentrate, as mentioned in British Patent Specification 1,126,027. As little as 1/2% urea based on the weight of the concentrate produces a noticeable improvement, particularly when the concentrate also contains at least about 2% of a glycol or an etherified glycol freezing point depressant.
  • the urea can be partially or completely replaced by thiourea or even ammonium thiocyanate or ammonium cyanate, without much change in effectiveness. All of these additives rapidly dissolve in water to greatly improve its solvent action on the polysaccharide, even when the additive and the polysaccharide are added to the water simultaneously.
  • the stabilizing effect of urea as noted in German Auslegeschrift
  • the diethylene glycol monobutyl ether in the above examples can also be omitted, although it helps boost the expansion obtainable when the concentrate is foamed, and also helps shorten the time required to extinguish a fire, particularly on hydrophilic liquids. Only about 2 to 5% of such additive based on the total weight of the concentrate is all that is needed for this purpose. This additive also helps reduce the freezing point of the concentrate, but this is not important.
  • the concentrates of the present invention are freeze-thaw stable so that they are not damaged by freezing, and as they cool to freezing temperature their gel-like condition becomes too stiff before they actually freeze. They should accordingly be stored for use at temperatures no lower than about 35oF, unless the concentrates are to be pumped through a diluting apparatus by a positive displacement pump.
  • the dissolved magnesium salt significantly reduces the freezing point of the concentrates, whether or not other freeze-preventing additives are used.
  • Additives such as ethylene glycol and hexylene glycol can be used in place of some or all of the diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, if desired, but are not preferred inasmuch as they are considered toxic to marine life and fire-fighting liquids can eventually run off into streams.
  • any glycol, polyglycol or monoalkyl ether of such glycol or polyglycol having not over 10 carbons in its molecule will improve the pourability of the concentrate.
  • the silicone surfactant and/or the fluorocarbon surfactant can also be omitted if desired.
  • their presence makes the formulations, after dilution and foaming, extremely effective in extinguishing fires on hydrophobic liquids such as gasoline, so that these formulations can be used for fighting fires involving either type of liquid with excellent results.
  • the silicone surfactant and the fluorocarbon surfactant cause aqueous films to form over burning hydrophobic liquids, and this greatly assists the fighting of fires on such liquids.
  • either of these two aqueous film formers can be reduced in quantity or entirely eliminated, and good aqueous film formation generally effected by increasing the concentration of the other.
  • the diluted concentrate should have a surface tension of 19 or less dynes per centimeter, preferably 18 dynes or less. Higher surface tensions do not cause significant aqueous film formation.
  • the omission of all fluorocarbon surfactant from the foregoing formulations also lowers the effectiveness with which they fight fires on hydro philic liquids. At least about 0.4% fluorocarbon surfactant, or better still 0.6% is particularly desired to give such increased effectiveness to concentrates that are subject to a 6% dilution before foaming.
  • Example 2 with its relatively high concentration of thixotropic polysaccharide does a very good job of extinguishing fires on hydrophilic liquids, even when diluted with 16 2/3 times its volume of fresh or sea water.
  • the formulation of Example 1 is best used when diluted with only about 10 times its volume of fresh or sea water.
  • the formulations of both examples do not include the resinous film-formers normally used in foam concentrates as described in applicant's earlier applications.
  • Such film-formers can be added as for instance in concentrations that add about 1/2% to about 1 1/2% solids based on the total weight of the concentrate.
  • a particularly good resinous film-former is the reaction product of 3-dimethylaminopropylamine-1 with an equivalent amount of ethylenemaleicanhydride copolymer, described in Example I of British Patent 1,381,953 and column 8 of U. S. Patent 3,957,687.
  • the chlorinated metaxylenol of the formulations of the present examples is a biocide that prevents the growth of mold, bacteria, etc. in the concentrates.
  • Other biocides or preservatives such as methyl parahydroxybenzoate or any of these designated in the prior applications can be used instead of or combined with the chlorinated metaxylenol, preferably in a total concentration of 0.01 to about 0.3% by weight of the concentrate.
  • the preservative should be added in the first stage of the preparation.
  • Examples 1 and 2 not only have fluorocarbon and silicone surfactants in small amounts but they also have additional surfactants that are not of the fluorocarbon or silicone types and are in larger amounts to impart the desired foamability to the compositions.
  • foamability-improving surfactants are largely of the type that have a hydrophilic moiety weighing at least 80% more than the lipophylic moiety, and thus follow the teachings of applicant's earlier U. S. Patent 3,849,315.
  • foamed compositions of the present invention do a very good job of extinguishing fires when applied by projection from foam-delivering nozzles, either portable or fixed as for example on towers, or from line-proportioning foamers, or foam chambers. In each case standard equipment can be used without modification.
  • Example 2 meets all commercial standards when used to extinguish fires after dilution with 16 2/3 times its volume of fresh or sea water, which is a standard dilution provided by standard foaming equipment. At this dilution it is preferred to apply it to fires on the following liquids at the designated rates in gallons of diluted liquid per minute per square foot of surface on the burning liquid, using a fixed applicator such as a foam chamber:
  • Lactol Spirits (Naphtha Solvent) .10 Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirit) .10
  • the foregoing application rates are preferably increased by about one-fourth when using movable discharge nozzles to spread the applied foam and speed the extinguishment.
  • Example 1 and 2 can be applied when diluted with 10 times their volume of fresh or sea water.
  • the preferred application rates of the Example 2 formulation when so diluted are about one-fifth less than listed above, except that application rates lower than about 0.10 gallons per minute per square foot are not desirable whether from fixed or movable foam applicators.
  • the tenfold dilution is not recommended for fires on hydrophobic liquids where the 16 2/3 dilution has been a time-honored and widespread standard proven to be highly effective and built into standard fire-fighting equipment,
  • formulations of the present invention can be further varied.
  • formulation of Example 2 can use the fluorinated surfactant of
  • Example 1 or major variations can be made such as shown in the following exemplifications:
  • Example 3
  • heteropolysaccharide-7 is replaced by xanthan gum and good results are obtained, although there is some loss of burnback resistance.
  • the formulation is water 6155 ml urea 62 g .
  • the degraded heteropolysaccharide-7 of Example 2 41 g. xanthan gum 41 g . o-phenoxy phenol 5 . 8 g . the C 9 substituted imidazoline surfactant solution of
  • Example 1 460 mls. the mixed alcohol sulfates solution of Example 1 530 mls. the silicone surfactant solution of Example 1 142 mls. the fluorinated surfactant of Example 1 68 g. acetic acid 35 mls.
  • Example 3 can also be modified by the addition of 0.3% tris-hydroxymethyl aminomethane, about 0.07% of the disodium salt of nitrilotriacetic acid, and about 3% butyl carbitol, based on the total weight of concentrate.
  • non-thixotropic thickeners for aqueous systems can also be used in small amounts in the formulation of the present invention.
  • locust bean gum can be used in an amount about 1/3 that of the thixotropic polysaccharide.
  • Some thickeners such as guar gum and its derivatives impart to the concentrates a freezethaw instability that is not desired.
  • N-methyl pyrrolidone-2 and other liquid amides such as dimethyl formamide, and organic compounds containing a nitrogen atom in the molecule, such as acetonitrile and triethylamine, have special solubilizing effects on thixotropic polysaccharides and reduce the viscosity of the concentrate in which they are present, N-methyl pyrollidone-2 is preferred for this purpose because of its effectiveness and low toxicity. However, it has an adverse effect on fire fighting with heteropolysaccharide-7 or its degraded forms, and is best used with scleroglucan as the thixotropic polysaccharide.
  • solubility modifiers can be used in very small amounts to enable the simple and inexpensive manufacture of concentrates containing as much as 1.5% or more of the thixotropic polysaccharide by weight. This is shown in the following example.
  • Example 4
  • a very concentrated slurry of degraded heteropolysaccharide-7 is prepared by slowly stirring 590 grams of this polysaccharide in dry powder form into an anhydrous solution of 300 milliliters N-methyl-pyrollidone-2 in 850 milliliters of butyl carbitol. Only a few minutes of vigorous agitation is needed to obtain a milky slurry that pours readily and is highly effective in dissolving in water to make aqueous fire-fighting concentrates having large contents of the polysaccharide. This dissolving action is also speeded up by the presence in the water of the urea or thiourea or ammonium cyanate or ammonium thiocyanate, and the slurry dissolves very rapidly in such a solution.
  • the foregoing slurry is poured slowly, with agitation into a previously prepared solution in 30.5 liters tap water of 480 grams urea and 40 ml. of 30% commercial grade imidazoline di-carboxylate having the attached C 9 H 19 group as in Example 1.
  • This solution preferably also contains a small amount of preservative such as 111 grams of p-phenoxy phenol. Stirring is continued for about 3 hours after the slurry is completely introduced and the container in which the slurry was prepared is washed with 150 ml. of butyl carbitol , the washings being poured into the solution to make sure all the heteropolysaccharide-7 is transferred.
  • the resulting batch is permitted to stand overnight, following which about two more hours of stirring leaves it as a very smooth colloidal solution free of undissolved solid and of lumps, and ready to receive the remaining ingredients.
  • the concentrates of the present invention can be stored in mild steel containers that have their interiors uncoated, or in plastic containers. No serious corrosion of the mild steel is produced after many months of storage in such a container. They can be used very effectively to fight non-polar liquid fires in tanks by introducing the foamed diluted concentrate below the liquid surface in the tank. This so-called sub-surface introduction technique is particularly desirable in tanks of gasoline or other petroleum products, and is not suitable for fighting fires on polar, that is hydrophilic, liquids.
  • Example 5 a mixture of C 6 to C 12 perfluorocarboxylic acids having at least
  • Perfluorocarboxylic acids can be used in the formulation without first converting them to salts. Although substantially less water-soluble than their salts, these acids readily dissolve in the silicone surfactant ingredient which is supplied as a 50% by weight solution in a water-methanol mixture. Once dissolved in that ingredient the perfluorinated acids do not precipitate out upon addition of the remaining ingredients. Any of the other fluorinated surfactants referred to in applicant's earlier patent applications can be used in place of the perfluorocarboxylic acids of Example 5, but these perfluoro acids are particularly inexpensive and thus more desirable.
  • the burn-back resistance of the composition of Example 5 does not have to be too high when used to extinguish fires on off-shore oil rigs. Such resistance can be increased however by adding to the concentrate sufficient sorbitol to provide in the diluted foamed fire fighting mixture a sorbitol content of at least about 0.2% by weight, preferably about 0.3 to 0.4%.
  • Example 6 1 gallon In some cases burn-back resistance may be more important than rapid extinguishment of a fire.
  • the formulation of Example 6 can be modified by incorporating in it 0,132 gallons of the 10% by weight solution of the above-noted reaction product of 3-dimethylamino-propylamine-1 with an equivalent amount of ethylene-maleic anhydride copolymer. Such incorporation is effected without increasing the total, volume of the concentrate, and in the interest of economy the C 7 H 15 and C 9 H 19 - substituted imidazolines can be replaced by an additional 0.086 gallons of the C 11 H 23 -substituted imidazoline.
  • the butyl carbitol content can also be increased to 0.106 gallons to further improve burn-back resistance.
  • Film forming polymers can also be added to the concentrates of Example 5, and while the reaction product of 3-dimethylamino-propylamine-1 with the ethylene-maleic anhydride copolymer is very effective for this purpose, others such as water soluble gums and even polyacrylic acid can be used instead.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

Une mousse pour combattre le feu efficace contre des liquides hydrophiles ou polaires combustibles tels que des alcools inferieurs, des cetones etc. est produite a partir d'un concentre contenant un epaississant thixotrope dissout en grande quantite, ayant cependant une viscosite qui lui permet d'etre verse ou pompe. L'hetero poly saccharide-7 ou des derives de ce produit obtenus par racourcissement de sa chaine sont particulierement appropries a cet effet. Le concentre peut egalement etre adapte pour combattre des feux sur des liquides hydrophobes en ajoutant des agents de surface qui provoquent la formation d'une pellicule aqueuse sur ces liquides. Une solution d'epaississeurs a base de polysaccharidea est acceleree et des concentrations plus elevees sont utilisables en incorporant dans le concentre de l'uree, de la thiouree, du cyanate d'ammonium ou du thiocyanate d'ammonium. La mise en boue du polysaccharide dans des amides liquides tels que la N-methylpyrollidone-2 ou dimethylformamide, boue qui est ensuite versee dans de l'eau, permet egalement de dissoudre de maniere appropriee les polysaccharides en fortes concentrations. L'amide liquide peut etre diluee avec jusqu'a trois fois son poids d'un glycol, d'un polyglycol, ou d'un ether monoalkyle d'un tel glycol ou polyglycol, le diluant n'ayant pas plus de 10 atomes de carbones dans sa molecule. Des sels de magnesium peuvent etre dissouts dans le concentre pour ameliore l'action d'extinction du feu lorsqu'ils sont dilues avec de l'eau.
EP19800900477 1979-03-06 1980-09-24 Concentres pour combattre le feu. Withdrawn EP0024416A4 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US1785879A 1979-03-06 1979-03-06
US17858 1979-03-06

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0024416A1 true EP0024416A1 (fr) 1981-03-11
EP0024416A4 EP0024416A4 (fr) 1981-09-11

Family

ID=21784922

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19800900477 Withdrawn EP0024416A4 (fr) 1979-03-06 1980-09-24 Concentres pour combattre le feu.

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0024416A4 (fr)
JP (1) JPS56500080A (fr)
AU (1) AU5568480A (fr)
FI (1) FI800440A (fr)
WO (1) WO1980001883A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4859349A (en) * 1987-10-09 1989-08-22 Ciba-Geigy Corporation Polysaccharide/perfluoroalkyl complexes
US5207932A (en) * 1989-07-20 1993-05-04 Chubb National Foam, Inc. Alcohol resistant aqueous film forming firefighting foam
US4999119A (en) * 1989-07-20 1991-03-12 Chubb National Foam, Inc. Alcohol resistant aqueous film forming firefighting foam
US5882541A (en) * 1996-11-04 1999-03-16 Hans Achtmann Biodegradable foam compositions for extinguishing fires
JP4678338B2 (ja) * 2006-06-06 2011-04-27 信越化学工業株式会社 有機樹脂難燃化用添加剤、難燃性樹脂組成物及びその成形品
DE102007016966A1 (de) 2007-04-10 2008-10-16 Evonik Goldschmidt Gmbh Silicontensidzusammensetzungen und deren Verwendung zur Erzeugung von Schaum
DE102007016965A1 (de) 2007-04-10 2008-10-16 Evonik Goldschmidt Gmbh Verwendung von anionischen Silicontensiden zur Erzeugung von Schaum
DE102008000845A1 (de) 2008-03-27 2009-10-01 Evonik Goldschmidt Gmbh Tensidzusammensetzungen und der Verwendung zur Erzeugung von Feuerlöschschaum
DE102008054712A1 (de) 2008-12-16 2010-06-17 Evonik Goldschmidt Gmbh Verwendung von amphoteren Tensiden zur Erzeugung von Schaum

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR781818A (fr) * 1933-10-06 1935-05-22 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Procédé pour produire des écumes stables et efficaces
US2748079A (en) * 1950-09-06 1956-05-29 Texaco Development Corp Drilling fluids
US4060489A (en) * 1971-04-06 1977-11-29 Philadelphia Suburban Corporation Fire fighting with thixotropic foam
US3915800A (en) * 1972-03-30 1975-10-28 Kelco Co Polysaccharide and bacterial fermentation process for its preparation
US4149599A (en) * 1976-03-25 1979-04-17 Philadelphia Suburban Corporation Fighting fire

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO8001883A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1980001883A1 (fr) 1980-09-18
FI800440A (fi) 1980-09-07
EP0024416A4 (fr) 1981-09-11
AU5568480A (en) 1980-09-11
JPS56500080A (fr) 1981-01-29

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US4387032A (en) Concentrates for fire-fighting foam
US4464267A (en) Preparing fire-fighting concentrates
US4149599A (en) Fighting fire
US4060489A (en) Fire fighting with thixotropic foam
US4060132A (en) Fire fighting with thixotropic foam
US7172709B2 (en) Use of fluorine-free fire fighting agents
US3957657A (en) Fire fighting
US7135125B2 (en) Method of extinguishing or retarding fires
US5085786A (en) Aqueous film-forming foamable solution useful as fire extinguishing concentrate
US6262128B1 (en) Aqueous foaming compositions, foam compositions, and preparation of foam compositions
US4536298A (en) Aqueous foam fire extinguisher
US5882541A (en) Biodegradable foam compositions for extinguishing fires
US3957658A (en) Fire fighting
JPWO2003043526A1 (ja) フッ素系界面活性剤を含まない泡消火剤
US5676876A (en) Fire fighting foam and method
EP0024416A1 (fr) Concentres pour combattre le feu
CA1116386A (fr) Lutte contre l'incendie
CA1161629A (fr) Dissolution de polysaccharides thixotropes dans l'eau
US6814880B1 (en) Water based liquid foam extinguishing formulation
AU643601C (en) Aqueous film-forming foamable solution useful as fire extinguishing concentrate
FR2523456A1 (fr) Nouvelles compositions aqueuses concentrees utilisables pour combattre les incendies
MXPA01005972A (en) Aqueous foaming compositions, foam compositions, and preparation of foam compositions

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): DE FR GB SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19810302

RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: ENTERRA CORPORATION

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 19840215

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: CHIESA, PETER J., JR.

Inventor name: NORMAN, EDWARD C.