EP0023284A1 - Dispositif automatique de serrage et desserrage d'un écrou - Google Patents

Dispositif automatique de serrage et desserrage d'un écrou Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0023284A1
EP0023284A1 EP80103809A EP80103809A EP0023284A1 EP 0023284 A1 EP0023284 A1 EP 0023284A1 EP 80103809 A EP80103809 A EP 80103809A EP 80103809 A EP80103809 A EP 80103809A EP 0023284 A1 EP0023284 A1 EP 0023284A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nut
automatic device
tensioning device
loosening
screw
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP80103809A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jérôme Colonna
Marcel Fillon
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SKF Compagnie dApplications Mecaniques SA
Original Assignee
SKF Compagnie dApplications Mecaniques SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SKF Compagnie dApplications Mecaniques SA filed Critical SKF Compagnie dApplications Mecaniques SA
Publication of EP0023284A1 publication Critical patent/EP0023284A1/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B29/00—Accessories
    • B25B29/02—Bolt tensioners

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an automatic device for tightening and loosening a nut cooperating with the threaded end of a screw or a stud.
  • the bolts or studs in question are initially placed under axial prestressing by means of tensioning devices generally with hydraulic operation.
  • the tensioning devices generally comprise an axial pin forming a tie rod which acts on the end, for example threaded, of the bolt or stud screw which it is necessary to put under prestressing.
  • the tensioning device After the bolt screw or the stud has been stretched axially, it is necessary to tighten the assembly by screwing the nut mounted at the end of the bolt or stud screw.
  • the tensioning device one comes first to act by means of the tensioning device then one proceeds to loosen the nut by unscrewing.
  • these tightening and loosening operations for the nut are generally carried out manually, using for example a bushing, the internal polygonal surface of which comes into peripheral contact with the nut and which has radial perforations inside which it is possible to introduce a spindle acting as a lever making it possible to carry out the tightening and loosening operations of the nut.
  • the spindle acting as a lever acts directly on the nut which has means adapted for this purpose on its periphery.
  • the object of the present invention is to enable these tightening and loosening operations of the nut to be carried out automatically as soon as the bolt or the stud has been subjected by the tensioning device to an axial deformation.
  • An elastic torsion means is also mounted between the tensioning device and the sleeve with the aforementioned polygonal internal surface. In this way as soon as the screw or the stud has been subjected to an axial stretching which causes the release of the nut and of the socket which surrounds it, the elastic torsion means automatically causes the rotation of the nut.
  • the elastic torsion means is in the form of a helical spring, one end of which is secured to the bush and the other end of which is fixed to the body of the tensioning device.
  • the device of the invention also advantageously comprises a support skirt surrounding the bush and disposed between the support face of the bolted assembly and the body of the tensioning device.
  • This support skirt is mounted to rotate freely in the body of the tensioning device, means being however provided for immobilizing the skirt in rotation relative to the tensioning device during the operation of the device as will be explained below.
  • Means are also preferably provided to allow immobilization in rotation of the aforementioned skirt relative to the sleeve.
  • the fixing of the helical spring on the body of the tensioning device is carried out in a removable manner by radial clamping of the axial end of the spring which penetrates into a blind bore of the body of the tensioning device.
  • the support skirt of the automatic device of the invention preferably has a window on a portion of its periphery.
  • the external peripheral surface of the sleeve cooperating with the nut has support means for a release lever which can be actuated through the window of the abovementioned support skirt.
  • the support skirt preferably has on its periphery a housing capable of receiving an axis of articulation of the loosening lever which can therefore only be put in place if necessary.
  • the housing can be formed on a projecting tab integral with the periphery of the support skirt or, in the case of a sufficient wall thickness, be made directly in the wall of the support skirt.
  • the external peripheral surface of the sleeve preferably forms a ratchet wheel in the loosening direction, the teeth of the ratchet wheel being able to receive the end of a link articulated on the loosening lever.
  • the automatic device of the invention is intended to cooperate with a nut 1 mounted on the threaded end of a stud or of the screw of a bolt 2 protruding above the surface of a mechanical member 3 intended to be assembled by the screw 2 with another mechanical member not shown in the figure.
  • a hydraulic tensioning device is used, of which only the lower part of the body 4 is visible in FIG. 1.
  • This conventional type hydraulic tensioning device comprises an axial tie rod 5, the end portion 6 of which has a housing 7 tapped so as to come into engagement with the threaded end of the screw 2 above the nut 1.
  • a washer 8 made of an elastic material such as a plastic material is disposed between the end portion 6 of the tie rod 5 and the upper face of the nut 1 in order to avoid blocking at the bottom of the thread of the pulling 5 on the threaded end of screw 2.
  • the lower part of the body 4 of the tensioning device is in the form of a cylindrical housing 9 inside which is mounted a support skirt 10 which can rotate freely relative to the cylindrical housing 9 and is locked axially by through an annular ring 11 cooperating with corresponding annular grooves made respectively in the internal bore of the cylindrical housing 9 and in the upper part of the skirt 10.
  • the possibility of relative rotation of the skirt 10 relative to the housing 9 may be prohibited by means of the knurled screw 12 passing radially through the wall of the cylindrical housing 9 and capable of exerting a radial bearing action on the external peripheral surface of the upper part of the skirt 10.
  • a drive sleeve 13 has on its internal polygonal surface hexagon corresponding to those of the nut 1.
  • the base part 13a of the sleeve 13 has on its external periphery a plurality of teeth 14 forming a ratchet wheel in the direction of loosening as can be seen in particular in FIG. 2.
  • the upper part 13b of the socket 13 has an outer diameter smaller than the part of the base 13a.
  • a cylindrical ring 15 coming to bear on the base part 13a of the sleeve 13 surrounds the lower turns of a helical torsion spring 16 which is mounted around the upper cylindrical portion 13b.
  • the helical spring 16 is made integral with the sleeve 13 by its end 16a folded radially and introduced into a radial perforation 17 of the sleeve 13.
  • the other end 16b of the helical spring 16 is folded in the axial direction and enters an axial blind bore 18 of the body 4 of the tensioning device.
  • a pressure screw 19 disposed radially in a thread of the body 4 opening into the axial bore 18 makes it possible to immobilize the spring 16 by coming to tighten its end 16b.
  • This arrangement makes it possible to quickly mount and dismount the assembly constituted by the helical torsion spring 16 and the drive bush 13 by simply unscrewing the pressure screw 19. It is thus possible to replace a drive bush 13 adapted to a particular tightening nut 1 by another driving sleeve adapted to another type of nut within the capacity limits of the hydraulic tensioner 4.
  • the drive sleeve 13 In the position shown in fig. 1, the drive sleeve 13 is supported by its underside on a tightening washer 20 intended to cooperate with the nut 1 and the countersinking 21 of the mechanical member 3. In this position the helical spring 16 is already compressed so that when the hydraulic tensioner 4 is not yet in place the underside of the drive sleeve 13 suspended by the helical spring 16 is located below the base of the support skirt 10. which facilitates the engagement of the drive sleeve 13 by means of its chamfer 22-on the nut 1.
  • the support skirt 10 has, as can be seen in FIG. 2, a window 23 over a portion of its periphery.
  • the dimensions of this window are chosen so as to allow the examination of the drive sleeve and of the automatic device of the invention as well as the action of the means of de locking cooperating with the teeth 14 of the ratchet wheel.
  • the dimensions of this window 23 must not, however, be too large in order not to unduly reduce the compressive strength of the support skirt 10 which receives the reaction force of the hydraulic tensioning device 4.
  • the skirt 10 has on its outer periphery in the vicinity of its base and near the window 23, a radial tab 24 provided with an angled housing 25 which can receive the hinge pin 26 of an unlocking lever 27 comprising a link 28 articulated on the lever 27 by an axis 29 and whose dimensions are such that its end spout 30 can come to cooperate at least with one of the teeth 14 of the ratchet wheel of the drive sleeve 13 in the direction tending to loosen the bolt 1, the direction which is shown in FIG. 2 by arrow 31.
  • the housing 25 can be produced directly in this wall on one of the edges of the window 23.
  • a knurled screw 32 which can optionally be replaced by a headless screw if it is desired to reduce the overall dimensions of the assembly, is arranged radially in the lower part of the support skirt 10 and can cooperate with the teeth 14 of the ratchet wheel of the drive sleeve 13 so as to immobilize the skirt 10 in rotation relative to the ratchet wheel.
  • this assembly it is first of all the drive bush 13 which comes into contact by its chamfer 22 with the clamping nut 1.
  • the opening 23 of the skirt support 10 is oriented properly in the direction of an area accessible to view for the control of the operation and possibly for operator intervention on the drive sleeve 13.
  • Maintaining this orientation can be obtained by the coming in abutment of the radial lug 24 or of the knurled screw 12 against a neighboring nut or a fixed part of the assembly. This orientation can also be maintained by screwing the knurled screw 32 which comes to bear on the external peripheral surface of the drive bush 13.
  • the knurled screw 12 When the support skirt 10 has come into contact with the bottom of the counterbore 21, the knurled screw 12 is released.
  • the hydraulic tensioner is rotated manually around its axis, for example by means of two handles, not shown, so as to cause rotation and torsion of the helical spring 16, the axial end 16b of which is rotated by the body 4 while the radial end 16a is held stationary by the drive sleeve 13 surrounding by its polygonal inner surface the hexagon of the clamping nut 1.
  • the knurled screw 32 can advantageously be tightened by so as to immobilize also in rotation the support skirt 10.
  • the automatic device of the invention is placed as for a tightening operation.
  • the body of the hydraulic tensioner is however here manually rotated in the direction of loosening in order to place the helical spring 16 under torsion in the other direction.
  • the nut 1 is automatically unscrewed by an amount sufficient to allow its release when the screw 2 has returned to its initial length.
  • the elastic washer 8 makes it possible to limit the travel of the nut during loosening and thus to avoid the latter locking on the underside of the tie rod 5 when the screw 2 has returned to its initial length. It is therefore easy to unscrew the tie rod 5 from the threaded end of the screw 2 after the loosening operation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Hand Tools For Fitting Together And Separating, Or Other Hand Tools (AREA)
  • Clamps And Clips (AREA)
EP80103809A 1979-07-26 1980-07-04 Dispositif automatique de serrage et desserrage d'un écrou Ceased EP0023284A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7919367A FR2462237A1 (fr) 1979-07-26 1979-07-26 Dispositif automatique de serrage et desserrage d'un ecrou
FR7919367 1979-07-26

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0023284A1 true EP0023284A1 (fr) 1981-02-04

Family

ID=9228347

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80103809A Ceased EP0023284A1 (fr) 1979-07-26 1980-07-04 Dispositif automatique de serrage et desserrage d'un écrou

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0023284A1 (Direct)
FR (1) FR2462237A1 (Direct)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108302127A (zh) * 2018-02-22 2018-07-20 盐城哈力动力传动及智能装备产业研究院有限公司 具有自动张紧功能的轴
GB2580115B (en) * 2018-12-21 2021-08-25 Caterpillar Energy Solutions Gmbh Device for tensioning and tightening a screw
CN114952720A (zh) * 2022-06-22 2022-08-30 四川航天长征装备制造有限公司 一种阀体螺母分解装置

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2367574A1 (fr) * 1976-10-15 1978-05-12 France Etat Procede et automate de goujonnage

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2367574A1 (fr) * 1976-10-15 1978-05-12 France Etat Procede et automate de goujonnage

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108302127A (zh) * 2018-02-22 2018-07-20 盐城哈力动力传动及智能装备产业研究院有限公司 具有自动张紧功能的轴
CN108302127B (zh) * 2018-02-22 2023-11-21 盐城永安科技有限公司 具有自动张紧功能的轴
GB2580115B (en) * 2018-12-21 2021-08-25 Caterpillar Energy Solutions Gmbh Device for tensioning and tightening a screw
EP3898106B1 (en) * 2018-12-21 2024-05-22 Caterpillar Energy Solutions GmbH Device for tensioning and tightening a screw
CN114952720A (zh) * 2022-06-22 2022-08-30 四川航天长征装备制造有限公司 一种阀体螺母分解装置
CN114952720B (zh) * 2022-06-22 2023-11-03 四川航天长征装备制造有限公司 一种阀体螺母分解装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2462237A1 (fr) 1981-02-13
FR2462237B1 (Direct) 1981-08-21

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PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

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17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19810317

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18R Application refused

Effective date: 19830526

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: FILLON, MARCEL

Inventor name: COLONNA, JEROME