EP0022445B1 - Elektrolyseapparat zur Herstellung von Chlor aus wässrigen Alkalihalogenidlösungen - Google Patents

Elektrolyseapparat zur Herstellung von Chlor aus wässrigen Alkalihalogenidlösungen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0022445B1
EP0022445B1 EP80101139A EP80101139A EP0022445B1 EP 0022445 B1 EP0022445 B1 EP 0022445B1 EP 80101139 A EP80101139 A EP 80101139A EP 80101139 A EP80101139 A EP 80101139A EP 0022445 B1 EP0022445 B1 EP 0022445B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrolysis
electrolysis apparatus
hemispherical shells
shells
electrodes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP80101139A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0022445A1 (de
Inventor
Dieter Dr. Bergner
Kurt Hannesen
Wilfried Schulte
Peter Steinmetz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hoechst AG
Original Assignee
Hoechst AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hoechst AG filed Critical Hoechst AG
Priority to AT80101139T priority Critical patent/ATE4820T1/de
Publication of EP0022445A1 publication Critical patent/EP0022445A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0022445B1 publication Critical patent/EP0022445B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/70—Assemblies comprising two or more cells
    • C25B9/73—Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type
    • C25B9/77—Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type having diaphragms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/17—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
    • C25B9/19—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/70—Assemblies comprising two or more cells

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrolysis apparatus for the production of chlorine from aqueous alkali halide solution, in which the anode and cathode compartments are separated from one another by a partition, for example a diaphragm or an ion exchange membrane.
  • a partition for example a diaphragm or an ion exchange membrane.
  • DE-OS 2538414 describes an electrolysis cell which is operable as a single element, but which is combined in a suitable device to form a multiple electrolysis cell.
  • One element of this electrolyser is characterized in that the housing consists of two half-shells, the electrodes are connected to the half-shells by means of electrically conductive bolts, the bolts projecting through the wall of the half-shells and on their protruding end face current leads and devices for compressing the current leads, Half-shells, electrodes and partition lie on and the partition between electrically insulating spacers, which are arranged in the extension of the bolts on the electrolytically active side of the electrodes and is clamped between the edges of the half-shells by means of sealing elements.
  • the housings have openings through which the current leads are led to the electrodes, which is disadvantageous since leaks can occur at these ducts, which can only be eliminated by decommissioning the entire electrolyser and replacing the leaky element.
  • Another disadvantage is that elements that are built for economic reasons using thin steel and titanium sheets are bulged by the hydrostatic pressure of the liquid column in the cell and are therefore difficult to remove from the electrolyzer in the liquid-filled state the pressing device are to be removed.
  • the object was therefore to solve an electrolysis apparatus that does not have the disadvantages shown above.
  • the individual cells should be functional on their own. In the event of repairs, the defective cells should be easily removed or replaced when full, without the need to dismantle the entire electrolysis apparatus and to interrupt operation in the long term.
  • an electrolysis apparatus for the production of chlorine from aqueous alkali halide solution, which has at least one electrolysis cell, the anode and cathode of which are separated from one another by a partition in a housing made of two half-shells, the housing having devices for supplying the electrolysis starting materials and is provided for discharging the electrolysis products, and the partition is clamped between the edges of the half-shells by means of sealing elements and is held between power transmission elements made of electrically non-conductive material and extending up to the electrodes, and which is characterized in that the electrodes have spacers attached to the Are attached to the inside of the half-shells, and are mechanically and electrically connected via their edges to the half-shells.
  • the half-shells of the electrolysis cells can be provided with stiffeners and at least one of the half-shells of an electrolysis cell can have electrically conductive force transmission elements on the outside and in an extension of the force transmission elements and spacers.
  • at least one tube of electrically non-conductive material running in the vertical direction and passing through the half-shells near the edge can be arranged in the interior of the half-shells to supply the electrolysis starting materials and / or to remove the electrolysis products.
  • the cathodes can consist of iron, cobalt, nickel or chromium or one of their alloys and the anodes can consist of titanium, niobium or tantalum or an alloy of these metals or of a metal or oxide ceramic material.
  • the anodes are provided with an electrically conductive, catalytically active coating which contains metals or compounds from the group of platinum metals. Due to the shape of the electrodes, which consist of perforated material such as perforated sheets, expanded metal, wattle or structures made of thin round rods, and their arrangement in the electrolysis cell, the gases formed during the electrolysis can easily enter the space behind the electrodes. This gas removal from the electrode gap achieves a reduction in the gas bubble resistance between the electrodes and thus a reduction in the cell voltage.
  • the half-shells on the cathode side can be made of iron or iron alloys. If the cathode and the cathode-side half-shell are to be welded to one another, they preferably consist of the same material, preferably steel.
  • the half-shell on the anode side must be off a chlorine-resistant material such as titanium, niobium or tantalum or an alloy of these metals or a metal or oxide ceramic material. If the half-shell and anode are to be connected to one another by welding, the same material, preferably titanium, is selected for both parts.
  • Half-shell and electrodes can also be firmly connected to each other by screwing. In this case, half-shells and electrodes can be made of different materials.
  • the diaphragms or ion exchange membranes customary in alkali metal chloride electrolysis come into consideration as the partition.
  • the ion exchange membranes consist essentially of a copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene and perfluorovinyl compounds such as or
  • Membranes with terminal sulfonamide groups are also used as ion exchange groups.
  • the equivalent weights of such ion exchangers are between 800 and 1600, preferably between 1100 and 1500.
  • the ion exchange membrane is usually reinforced with a support fabric made of polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • these ion exchange membranes prevent the mixing of hydrogen and chlorine, but because of their selective permeability they allow the passage of alkali metal ions into the cathode compartment. They largely prevent the transition of halide into the cathode compartment and the passage of hydroxyl ions into the anode compartment. This results in a practically salt-free lye, whereas the salt must first be removed from the catholyte of the diaphragm cells in a complex process.
  • the ion exchange membranes represent dimensionally stable partition walls, which are also more resistant to the aggressive media of alkali halide electrolysis and therefore have a longer service life than asbestos diaphragms.
  • the electrolysis apparatus can consist of an electrolysis cell, but also of a large number of cells connected in series, the electrical contact of adjacent cells taking place directly via the contacting half-shells of adjacent electrolysis cells or via the electrically conductive force transmission elements.
  • the housing of an electrolytic cell consists of an anode-side and a cathode-side half-shell.
  • the anode-side half-shell 1 is formed from sheet metal and has a loose flange 2, while the half-shell on the cathode side consists of a wall 9 which is connected to a fixed flange 10.
  • a fixed flange can also be used for the anode-side half-shell or a loose flange for the cathode-side half-shell.
  • the partition 7 is clamped between the sealing elements 12.
  • the electrodes 4 and 8 are firmly connected to the half-shells 1 and 9 via the spacers (e.g. bolts) 5.
  • the supply of the electrolysis current to the anode and cathode takes place either directly by contact with the half-shell wall of the adjacent electrolysis cell or by a force transmission element (z. B. bolt) 3, the z. B. is firmly connected by screws 11 to the half-shell 1.
  • the disks 6 are used for power transmission for the power supply.
  • the electrode spacing and the distance between the electrodes and the partition can be adjusted by the choice of the pane thickness.
  • they are provided with beads 13a.
  • stiffeners 13a and 13b Two versions of these stiffeners 13a and 13b are shown in FIGS. 2, 3, 4 and 6. The same or different stiffeners are also used in the cathode-side half-shell.
  • FIG. 4 also shows a discharge pipe 14 for the electrolyte solutions in connection with a bead 13b.
  • the pipe is held with bracket 18.
  • Fig. 5 shows the supply of the electrolyte to the cell via the pipe socket 15, which is firmly connected to the half-shell.
  • the arrangement is also valid for the fixed flange half shell 9.
  • the derivation of the electrolyte is shown in FIG.
  • the long, made of insulating material tube 14 passes from the electrolytic solution and the electrolysis gases from the cell and reduces the length of the tubular member located within the cell Kriechs t röme. It is pushed through the pipe socket 16 into the cell.
  • the transition piece 17 enables the transition to a subsequent hose line (not shown).
  • the pipe connection shown in Fig. Can can of course also be used in this form for the supply of the electrolytes.
  • the anode and cathode of adjacent cells can be connected to one another in an electrically conductive manner via force transmission elements 3 made of electrically conductive material.
  • the arrangement thus represents a bipolar electrolysis apparatus.
  • the series connection of such cells results in high voltages and relatively low currents.
  • the series connection has the advantage of better utilization of the capacity of the rectifier elements, lower copper consumption and lower voltage losses in the busbars.
  • the rectifier 19 is at 4 V when a total current of 256 kA flows at the same current density as in the case according to FIG. 7.
  • the person skilled in the art can thus easily understand how any desired current / voltage ratio can be achieved by varying the number of elements per electrolyzer and the number of interconnected electrolyzers.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)
  • Discharge Lamp (AREA)
  • Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
EP80101139A 1979-03-12 1980-03-06 Elektrolyseapparat zur Herstellung von Chlor aus wässrigen Alkalihalogenidlösungen Expired EP0022445B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT80101139T ATE4820T1 (de) 1979-03-12 1980-03-06 Elektrolyseapparat zur herstellung von chlor aus waessrigen alkalihalogenidloesungen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2909640 1979-03-12
DE19792909640 DE2909640A1 (de) 1979-03-12 1979-03-12 Elektrolyseapparat

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0022445A1 EP0022445A1 (de) 1981-01-21
EP0022445B1 true EP0022445B1 (de) 1983-09-28

Family

ID=6065146

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80101139A Expired EP0022445B1 (de) 1979-03-12 1980-03-06 Elektrolyseapparat zur Herstellung von Chlor aus wässrigen Alkalihalogenidlösungen

Country Status (15)

Country Link
US (1) US4420387A (pt)
EP (1) EP0022445B1 (pt)
JP (1) JPS55125285A (pt)
AR (1) AR220821A1 (pt)
AT (1) ATE4820T1 (pt)
AU (1) AU532940B2 (pt)
BR (1) BR8001430A (pt)
CA (1) CA1146910A (pt)
DE (2) DE2909640A1 (pt)
ES (1) ES489266A1 (pt)
FI (1) FI67575C (pt)
IN (1) IN152756B (pt)
MX (1) MX147698A (pt)
NO (1) NO153613C (pt)
ZA (1) ZA801406B (pt)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS57174479A (en) * 1981-04-20 1982-10-27 Tokuyama Soda Co Ltd Unit electrolytic cell
DE3420483A1 (de) * 1984-06-01 1985-12-05 Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt Bipolarer elektrolyseapparat mit gasdiffusionskathode
DE3439265A1 (de) * 1984-10-26 1986-05-07 Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt Elektrolyseapparat mit horizontal angeordneten elektroden
DE4212678A1 (de) * 1992-04-16 1993-10-21 Heraeus Elektrochemie Elektrochemische Membran-Zelle
JP3213213B2 (ja) * 1995-09-06 2001-10-02 ホシザキ電機株式会社 電解槽
US5766431A (en) * 1996-07-24 1998-06-16 Hosizaki Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Electrolyzer
US20040035696A1 (en) * 2002-08-21 2004-02-26 Reinhard Fred P. Apparatus and method for membrane electrolysis for process chemical recycling
DE102005003527A1 (de) * 2005-01-25 2006-07-27 Uhdenora S.P.A. Elektrolysezelle mit erweiterter aktiver Membranfläche
FR2919617B1 (fr) * 2007-08-02 2009-11-20 Commissariat Energie Atomique Electrolyseur haute temperature et haute pression a fonctionnement allothermique

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1464689A (en) * 1920-09-02 1923-08-14 Toronto Power Company Ltd Electrolytic cell structure
DE2448187A1 (de) * 1974-10-09 1976-04-22 Hooker Chemicals Plastics Corp Elektrolysezelle
JPS51142497A (en) * 1975-06-04 1976-12-08 Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd The electrolytic bath for sodium chloride
ES450933A1 (es) * 1975-08-29 1977-09-01 Hoechst Ag Aparato para electrolisis.
US4017375A (en) * 1975-12-15 1977-04-12 Diamond Shamrock Corporation Bipolar electrode for an electrolytic cell
US4137144A (en) * 1976-03-19 1979-01-30 Hooker Chemicals & Plastics Corp. Hollow bipolar electrolytic cell anode-cathode connecting device
US4056458A (en) * 1976-08-26 1977-11-01 Diamond Shamrock Corporation Monopolar membrane electrolytic cell
US4108752A (en) * 1977-05-31 1978-08-22 Diamond Shamrock Corporation Electrolytic cell bank having spring loaded intercell connectors
US4115236A (en) * 1977-12-01 1978-09-19 Allied Chemical Corporation Cell connector for bipolar electrolyzer
US4196068A (en) * 1978-06-26 1980-04-01 Scoville Frank J Chlorine gas producing apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA1146910A (en) 1983-05-24
FI800730A (fi) 1980-09-13
JPS55125285A (en) 1980-09-26
AU5631880A (en) 1980-09-18
ES489266A1 (es) 1980-08-16
AR220821A1 (es) 1980-11-28
ATE4820T1 (de) 1983-10-15
US4420387A (en) 1983-12-13
FI67575B (fi) 1984-12-31
DE3065000D1 (en) 1983-11-03
NO153613B (no) 1986-01-13
JPS6246638B2 (pt) 1987-10-02
FI67575C (fi) 1985-04-10
NO153613C (no) 1986-04-23
DE2909640A1 (de) 1980-09-25
IN152756B (pt) 1984-03-31
MX147698A (es) 1983-01-05
AU532940B2 (en) 1983-10-20
BR8001430A (pt) 1980-11-11
EP0022445A1 (de) 1981-01-21
ZA801406B (en) 1981-04-29
NO800690L (no) 1980-09-15

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