EP0019569B1 - Hohler Verbundkörper und Verfahren zur Herstellung - Google Patents

Hohler Verbundkörper und Verfahren zur Herstellung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0019569B1
EP0019569B1 EP80420061A EP80420061A EP0019569B1 EP 0019569 B1 EP0019569 B1 EP 0019569B1 EP 80420061 A EP80420061 A EP 80420061A EP 80420061 A EP80420061 A EP 80420061A EP 0019569 B1 EP0019569 B1 EP 0019569B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hollow
spinning
alloy
aluminium
silicon
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP80420061A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0019569A1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Claude Kucza
Albert Mastrot
René Perrot
Jean-Mary Wattier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cegedur Societe de Transformation de lAluminium Pechiney SA
Original Assignee
Cegedur Societe de Transformation de lAluminium Pechiney SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cegedur Societe de Transformation de lAluminium Pechiney SA filed Critical Cegedur Societe de Transformation de lAluminium Pechiney SA
Publication of EP0019569A1 publication Critical patent/EP0019569A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0019569B1 publication Critical patent/EP0019569B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/02—Cylinders; Cylinder heads  having cooling means
    • F02F1/04—Cylinders; Cylinder heads  having cooling means for air cooling
    • F02F1/06—Shape or arrangement of cooling fins; Finned cylinders
    • F02F1/08—Shape or arrangement of cooling fins; Finned cylinders running-liner and cooling-part of cylinder being different parts or of different material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/20—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by extruding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
    • B22F7/062—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools involving the connection or repairing of preformed parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for manufacturing composite hollow bodies of aluminum alloys composed of two layers of different structure, perfectly associated, one of which is intended to work in contact with a mobile surface as is the case, for example, liners of internal combustion engines, cylinders bodies and, in general, any hollow body with a fixed profile or little variable along its length which must have a good ability to friction.
  • the hollow bodies intended, for example, for the manufacture of liners of internal combustion engines are made of a single material: cast iron or an aluminum alloy with a high silicon content.
  • the production techniques can then be for cast iron: centrifugal casting and, for aluminum alloy, either molding or impact spinning of cast discs as claimed in French patent No. 2,344,358, or the shot spinning as taught in French Patent No. 2,343,895.
  • the jacket obtained has a particularly fine structure in which the primary silicon crystals can reach dimensions of less than 5 ⁇ m while, by the molding technique, it is not possible to obtain less than 20 ⁇ m.
  • this fine structure is particularly favorable for reducing the tendency of these shirts to seize up, in particular when they are in contact with pistons made of aluminum alloy.
  • hypereutectic silicon alloys in the divided state increases the cost price of the shirts compared to that which could be obtained with alloys formed by casting.
  • This composite aluminum alloy hollow body is composed of two layers of different structure, one of which is intended to work by its external face in contact with a mobile surface consisting of a hypereutectic silicon alloy with primary silicon grains of dimensions less than 20 ⁇ m having a structure specific to that resulting from the spinning of metallic particles to which an adduct has been mixed, while the other layer has a structure of cast product having been wrought.
  • the hollow body invented by the applicant no longer comprises a single layer of aluminum alloy of the same structure, but two superimposed layers of different structure.
  • One that which is intended to work in contact with a mobile surface by its external face, that is to say not contiguous to the other layer and which one will designate by active layer, consists of a hypereutectic silicon alloy obtained by spinning metallic particles with which an adduct is mixed.
  • a hypereutectic silicon alloy obtained by spinning metallic particles with which an adduct is mixed.
  • This makes it possible, on the one hand, due to the method of manufacturing the particles by rapid cooling, a primary silicon grain having small directions generally between 2 and 5 ⁇ m, and in any case, less than 20 ⁇ m, on the other hand, due to the shaping technique: spinning, to have a structure in which the constituents of the alloy and the adducts are aligned in a preferred direction.
  • the oxygen content of the silicon alloy is between 100 and 15,000 ppm.
  • the other layer has a conventional structure of a cast product having been wrought.
  • this active layer is, in general, a silicon aluminum alloy with a content close to or greater than 12% of silicon and containing from 1 to 5% of copper and 0.5 to 1.5% of magnesium to which was added, by mixing the powders before spinning, an amount by weight of 0.5 to 5% of an adduct such as graphite, tin, silicon carbide, products which are intended to give the hollow bodies obtained particular qualities of hardness (silicon carbide) or of friction ability (tin or graphite).
  • an alloy is used without additives.
  • the non-active layer consists of an aluminum alloy containing elements of variable alloys according to the properties that one wishes to obtain. It can be, for example, alloys belonging to the 2000 and 4000 series according to the standards of the Aluminum Association such as for example from 2,017 having for composition by weight: Si 0.20-0.8%, Fe 0.7 %, Cu 3.5-4.5%, Mn 0.40-0.1%, Mg 0.40-0.8%, Cr 0.10%, Zn 0.25%, 0.20% Ti + Zr, Ti 0.15% other total ⁇ 0.15%, balance AI or 4 032 according to the same standards having the composition: Si 11.0-13 1 5%, Fe 1.0%, Cu 0.50- 1.3%, Mg 0.8-1.3%, Cr 0.10%, Ni 0.50-1.3%, Zn 0.25%, other total ⁇ 0.15%, AI sol.
  • alloys belonging to the 2000 and 4000 series according to the standards of the Aluminum Association such as for example from 2,017 having for composition by weight: Si 0.20-0.8%, Fe 0.7 %, Cu 3.5-4
  • the composite hollow body thus formed makes it possible to solve the technical and economic problems encountered with the monolayer hollow bodies of the prior art. From an economic point of view, the fact of associating the active layer with an alloy layer obtained by casting, which brings its mechanical properties to cold and hot, makes it possible to reduce the thickness of the active layer and, by next, to reduce the quantity of metallic particles necessary for the constitution of the hollow body between 20 and 50% of the quantity used in the shirts of the prior art, which has the effect of a marked improvement in their cost price.
  • This composite structure also makes it possible, by a suitable choice of the composition of the alloy of the non-active layer, to obtain properties related to the desired application such as, for example, mechanical resistance at room temperature or under heat, fatigue resistance, thermal expansion coefficient, corrosion resistance, thermal conductivity, etc.
  • the Applicant has developed a process capable of economically supplying such composite hollow bodies from its components. It consists in spinning by means of a press equipped with a bridge die, from a mixture of metallic particles of a hypereutectic silicon alloy and an adduct, a hollow cylinder intended to form the 'one of the layers of the hollow body then, to place the latter inside a hollow billet obtained by casting an aluminum alloy and intended to form the other layer and, finally, to co-form the assembly in a spinning press, for example, by reverse spinning or direct lubricated spinning, so as to have constant thicknesses.
  • the first step of the process consists, first, in forming the hollow body with an active surface.
  • a hypereutectic silicon aluminum alloy is produced by spraying (atomization or centrifugation) in the form of particles with a particle size between 5 f.Lm and 2 mm. These particles are mixed with an addition product of comparable particle size and the assembly is compressed in the form of a slug in a mechanical press with a lubricated container, under a pressure of several hundred MPa, or better, in an isostatic press, which avoids lubrication.
  • This piece is peeled, in the case where it bears traces of lubrication, heated between 400 and 500 ° C and, finally, spun in the form of a hollow cylinder in a press equipped with a bridge die of the SPIDER or PORTHOLE type. with a spinning ratio between 2 and 10.
  • a bore can be produced on the hollow billet followed by reheating before proceeding with the introduction of the hollow cylinder so as to achieve a better association, since it avoids the penetration of the spinning lubricant between the two components and ensures better mechanical strength of the assembly.
  • the third step of the process consists in loading the assembly thus obtained into the container of a spinning press and in co-threading it to collect the composite hollow body which is cut up according to the desired lengths.
  • the spinning ratio used is between 10 and 50.
  • the composite hollow body thus produced has perfect adhesion at the contiguous faces of the components, as shown by the micrographs of the single plate, which represent, for FIG. 1, a section in the longitudinal direction and, under a magnification of 50 , a 2017 alloy hollow body for the casting part, and an aluminum alloy (A-S17U4) containing essentially 17% silicon and 4% copper with graphite added for the active part.
  • A-S17U4 aluminum alloy
  • Figure 2 is a micrograph obtained from the same hollow body, but under a magnification of 200, which allows to better distinguish the differences in structure.
  • This piece is peeled to remove the lubricant, then heated to 450 ° C and placed in the 255 mm diameter container of a horizontal spinning press fitted with a bridge tool of the SPIDER type. Then, the spinning operation is carried out using a spinning ratio of 3.8 and thus a hollow cylinder with an outside diameter of 150 mm and an inside diameter of 75 mm is obtained.
  • This cylinder is placed inside a hollow alloy billet 2017 previously bored to a diameter of 150 mm and heated.
  • the assembly thus produced is coflled in reverse on a lubricated needle, according to the conventional technique, with a spinning ratio of 15. This results in a composite hollow body of outside diameter 98 mm, inside 75 mm, the separation limit between the two components is located on a cylindrical surface of 83 mm in diameter.
  • This body required the implementation of only 30% of the weight of metal particles necessary for the development of a hollow body of the same dimensions, according to the prior art.
  • a mixture of aluminum alloy containing essentially 17% silicon and 4% copper powder, and graphite identical to that of Example 1, is loaded directly at a temperature between 400 and 500 ° C into the container a vertical press fitted with a bridge tool, then spun with a spinning ratio of 2.5.
  • a cylinder with an outside diameter of 180 mm and an inside diameter of 81 mm is obtained which is placed inside a hollow billet with an outside diameter of 248 mm, made of 2017 alloy, previously bored and heated. Then, the assembly is carried out in reverse of the assembly according to a spinning ratio of 32.
  • the resulting composite hollow body has the dimensions 89 x 83.5 x 78 mm and contains only 47% by weight of alloy having required spraying. prior.
  • the hollow cylinder based on powder alloy is produced from the same elements as those of Example 2 and under the same conditions, except that the spinning press is horizontal.
  • This hollow cylinder is placed inside a hollow billet at 4,032 so as to produce a composite assembly of dimensions 205 x 155 x 75 mm. The latter is then spun in reverse with a spinning ratio of 29, giving a composite hollow body of dimensions 83 x 79 x 75 mm.
  • the present invention finds its application in the manufacture of liners for internal combustion engines intended for. work in contact with pistons made of aluminum alloys, in the manufacture of cylinder bodies and, in general, in all areas where it is necessary to have parts which must have good resistance to friction and a negligible tendency to seize up.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Claims (4)

1. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines hohlen Verbundkörpers, bei dem man einen durch Strangpressen mittels einer mit einer Brückendüse ausgerüsteten Presse erhaltenen Hohlzylinder aus einem Gemisch von metallischen Teilchen einer übereutektischen Aluminium-Silizium-Legierung und eines zu der aus Zinn, Graphit, Siliziumkarbid bestehenden Gruppe gehörenden Zusatzstoffes verarbeitet, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man diesen Hohlzylinder im Inneren eines durch Gie-13en einer Aluminiumlegierung erhaltenen Hohlbarrens anordnet und danach das Ganze auf einem Dorn in einer Rückwärtsstrangpresse zusammen verpreßt.
2. Verfahren nach dem Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Zusammenverpreßverhältnis zwischen 10 und 50 liegt..
3. Verfahren nach dem Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Hohlbarren vor Aufnahme des Hohlzylinders durchbohrt und erhitzt wird.
4. Verfahren nach dem Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Hohlbarren aus einer Aluminiumlegierung besteht, die zur Gruppe der nach den Normen der Aluminium Assoziation durch die Gruppen 2 000 bzw. 4 000 bezeichneten Aluminium-Kupfer und Aluminium-Silizium gehört.
EP80420061A 1979-05-16 1980-05-14 Hohler Verbundkörper und Verfahren zur Herstellung Expired EP0019569B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7913289A FR2456783A1 (fr) 1979-05-16 1979-05-16 Corps creux composite et procede de fabrication
FR7913289 1979-05-16

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0019569A1 EP0019569A1 (de) 1980-11-26
EP0019569B1 true EP0019569B1 (de) 1982-11-24

Family

ID=9225843

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80420061A Expired EP0019569B1 (de) 1979-05-16 1980-05-14 Hohler Verbundkörper und Verfahren zur Herstellung

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US4297777A (de)
EP (1) EP0019569B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS57112922A (de)
BE (1) BE883300A (de)
DE (1) DE3061141D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2456783A1 (de)
IT (1) IT1130416B (de)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2549493B1 (fr) * 1983-07-21 1987-07-31 Cegedur Procede d'obtention a partir de poudre d'alliage d'aluminium a haute resistance de demi-produits files
JPS60206524A (ja) * 1984-03-30 1985-10-18 Sumitomo Light Metal Ind Ltd 複合材の押出成形法
JPS61190006A (ja) * 1985-02-19 1986-08-23 Sanyo Tokushu Seiko Kk 粉末冶金法による熱間押出しクラツド金属管の製造法
US4602952A (en) * 1985-04-23 1986-07-29 Cameron Iron Works, Inc. Process for making a composite powder metallurgical billet
CH675089A5 (de) * 1988-02-08 1990-08-31 Asea Brown Boveri
NO168517C (no) * 1990-01-09 1992-03-04 Norsk Hydro As Bjelke.
FR2842828B1 (fr) * 2002-07-25 2005-04-29 Snecma Moteurs Piece mecanique, et procede de fabrication d'une telle piece mecanique
US10820130B2 (en) * 2017-09-18 2020-10-27 Bose Corporation Method of forming a speaker housing

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1347480A (en) * 1916-10-23 1920-07-20 Aluminum Castings Company Internal-combustion motor
FR1155274A (fr) * 1955-08-18 1958-04-24 Ver Leichtmetallwerke Gmbh Procédé d'application d'une couche métallique superficielle sur des pièces en aluminium fritté
FR1226350A (fr) * 1958-06-09 1960-07-11 Ind De L Aluminium Sa Procédé de fabrication de corps composites formés d'aluminium et d'aluminium fritté
US4040162A (en) * 1973-09-17 1977-08-09 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Method of producing composite extruded aluminum products from aluminum swarf
US3892030A (en) * 1974-04-29 1975-07-01 Us Air Force Method of fabricating a billet from metal preforms and metal powder
US4069042A (en) * 1975-12-08 1978-01-17 Aluminum Company Of America Method of pressing and forging metal powder
FR2343895A1 (fr) * 1976-03-10 1977-10-07 Pechiney Aluminium Procede de fabrication de corps creux en alliages d'aluminium au silicium par filage de grenailles
US4135922A (en) * 1976-12-17 1979-01-23 Aluminum Company Of America Metal article and powder alloy and method for producing metal article from aluminum base powder alloy containing silicon and manganese

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE883300A (fr) 1980-11-14
JPS57112922A (en) 1982-07-14
EP0019569A1 (de) 1980-11-26
DE3061141D1 (en) 1982-12-30
IT1130416B (it) 1986-06-11
FR2456783B1 (de) 1984-03-30
US4297777A (en) 1981-11-03
IT8021940A0 (it) 1980-05-09
FR2456783A1 (fr) 1980-12-12

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