EP0019455A1 - Carde et procédé pour le cardage de fibres textiles - Google Patents

Carde et procédé pour le cardage de fibres textiles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0019455A1
EP0019455A1 EP80301574A EP80301574A EP0019455A1 EP 0019455 A1 EP0019455 A1 EP 0019455A1 EP 80301574 A EP80301574 A EP 80301574A EP 80301574 A EP80301574 A EP 80301574A EP 0019455 A1 EP0019455 A1 EP 0019455A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cylinder
carding
restricting section
finisher
doffer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP80301574A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Andre Varga
James Bull
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Carding Specialists Canada Ltd
Original Assignee
Carding Specialists Canada Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Carding Specialists Canada Ltd filed Critical Carding Specialists Canada Ltd
Publication of EP0019455A1 publication Critical patent/EP0019455A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G15/00—Carding machines or accessories; Card clothing; Burr-crushing or removing arrangements associated with carding or other preliminary-treatment machines
    • D01G15/02—Carding machines
    • D01G15/12—Details
    • D01G15/14—Constructional features of carding elements, e.g. for facilitating attachment of card clothing
    • D01G15/24—Flats or like members
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G15/00—Carding machines or accessories; Card clothing; Burr-crushing or removing arrangements associated with carding or other preliminary-treatment machines
    • D01G15/76—Stripping or cleaning carding surfaces; Maintaining cleanliness of carding area

Definitions

  • This invention relates to carding engines and to methods of carding textile fibres.
  • the flat assembly consists of a series of flat bars surrounding the top arc of the carding cylinder and connected at each end to a pair of endless chains.
  • the flats are driven by way of the chains to move in a closed path which runs adjacent to the cylinder surface normally from the back towards the front of the cylinder and then above the cylinder to return to the back thereof.
  • the flat bars each carry a strip of card clothing material, which is usually discrete fillet wire having points which face the points of carding elements on the carding cylinder.
  • Cotton fibres carried on the surface of the cylinder are opposed by the wire points on the flat bars and after being arrested are combed back on to the cylinder from whence they were originally lifted away.
  • One of the main requirements of a carding engine is that it should eliminate as much as possible of the short fibres, neps and trash from the cotton.
  • the quality and strength of these yarns depends on freedom from this material.
  • the object of the invention is to improve the standard of cleaning and carding in a carding engine and is based on the observation that at the moment when any given flat bar commences moving away from the cylinder surface at the front of the card the uppermost and dirtiest layer of flat strip material tends to be sucked onto the surface of the cylinder and thus re-contaminates the cotton fibres carried by the cylinder.
  • a similar effect is observed when stationary flat plates are used in place of movable flat bars.
  • a substantial proportion of the short fibres, neps and trash that have been removed become transferred back to the cylinder surface and are then transferred to the doffer.
  • a percentage-plate may be used in the gap between the flat bars and the cylinder surface in the region where the flat bars commence moving away from that surface in order to effect some control of the amount of flat strips.
  • the percentage plate is a smooth plate having a tapered leading edge which is set in the space and by adjusting the setting of that tapered edge relative to the cylinder surface the amount of flat strips may be controlled to some degree.
  • the usual use of a percentage plate has been to increase the amount of waste sucked back onto the cylinder surface. This is often done in the interests of economy to reduce the loss of fibres present in the flat strips where a lower quality of yarn was acceptable. Percentage plates have, however, been unable to prevent the return of a proportion of the flat strip material to the cylinder surface.
  • a carding engine comprises a takerin, a carding cylinder clothed with metallic sawtooth wire, flat bars or plates surrounding an arc of the cylinder, a doffer spaced from the flats, and a cover over the arc of the cylinder lying between the flats and the doffer, in which at least part of the inner surface of the cover comprises a restricting section extending across the full width of the carding cylinder and set at a spacing of less than 0.25 mm from the periphery formed by the tips of the sawtooth wire on the cylinder surface.
  • the restricting section is provided, on at least part of its surface which faces towards the cylinder, with non-loading carding elements which extend axially for the full width of the cylinder.
  • non-loading carding element is recognised in the art as meaning a carding element which will momentarily arrest a fibre as it passes the element, but will not permanently retain the fibre.
  • non-loading carding elements are known, for example conventional card clothing having very short wires with small metallic points; sawtooth wire wherein the teeth are short, have small points and are set at a'suitable angle; and so-called granular card clothing which is a roughened surface wherein the individual peaks on the surface act as carding elements in arresting fibres.
  • the restricting section may preferably be located approximately halfway along the arc of the cylinder which extends from the flats region to the location of the doffer. However, it is envisaged that the restricting section may in some cases be positioned closer to the flats, or even closer to the doffer. In a further alternative the whole or part of the inner surface of the cover forms the restricting section.
  • the restricting section may be conveniently made up of a plurality of members, for example four, arranged to be adjacent circumferentially of the cylinder.
  • the members may be flat bars provided on their inner surfaces with low height and non-loading metallic sawtooth wire confronting the cylinder surface. With each flat bar approximately 3.175 cm in width this gives an arc length of.12.7 cm of the cylinder surface that is covered by the restricting section. However, more or less than four flat bars or other members could be used so that the arc length may be either more or less than that figure.
  • the invention is applicable both to single cylinder carding engines and to duo-cards, that is carding engines wherein the web if subjected to a first carding action between a first or breaker cylinder and its associated flats, is taken from the breaker cylinder by a doffer and transferred by a centre section to a second or finisher cylinder also having an associated set of flats.
  • a cover assembly that comprises a restricting section in accordance with the invention.
  • the feature of the restricting section is used in combination with-a carding engine having means for rotating the carding cylinder at a speed substantially higher than those conventionally used.
  • the cylinder may be accelerated to a surface speed of not less than 1395 meters/minute, e.g. a 127 cm diameter cylinder may be accelerated to a speed of not less than 350 rpm, 102 cm diameter cylinders may be accelerated to a speed of not less than 550 rpm, preferably approximately 800 rpm and even to speeds as high as 1,000 rpm.
  • the cylinder having the restricting section is fed with a web of fibres that have already been opened.
  • the opened web of fibres is a pre-carded web, and more preferably the web is taken from an immediately preceding carding cylinder which may or may not have an associated restricting section.
  • One particular embodiment of the invention is in the form of a duo-card comprising a takerin, a breaker carding cylinder clothed with metallic sawtooth wire, flat bars or plates surrounding an arc of the breaker cylinder, a doffer spaced from those flats, a web transfer section at the centre of the card, a finisher cylinder clothed with metallic sawtooth wire, flat bars or plates surrounding an arc of the finisher cylinder, a doffer spaced from those flats, and a cover over the arc of the finisher cylinder lying between those flats and doffer in which at least part of the inner surface of the cover comprises a restricting section extending across the full width of the finisher cylinder and set at a spacing of less than 0.25 mm from the envelope of the tips of the sawtooth wire on the finisher cylinder surface.
  • the invention effects the additional cleaning already referred to.
  • the fact that use of a restricting section in finishing a pre-carded web allows even greater increases in production rates than those previously envisaged, and increases of 50% to 60% using a duo-card have been recorded.
  • the web fed to the cylinder (in a single-cylinder card) or to the finisher cylinder (in a duo-card) has been pre-carded and the pre-carding is desirably effected by a cylinder rotating at conventional speeds, the cylinder with which the restricting section cooperates being rotated at speeds of from 25% to 100%, preferably from 40% to 60%, greater than the speeds of the pre-carding cylinder.
  • fibres may receive an initial carding operation on a single-cylinder carding engine, the carded web then being formed into a roll rather than being condensed into a sliver.
  • the roll may be stored and the pre-carded web then fed from the roll to a further single-cylinder carding engine rotating at the increased speed and fitted with the restricting section.
  • Figure 1 shows in outline a single cylinder carding engine.
  • This has a conventional feed arrangement 1 from which a lap of fibres is taken to a lap-feed 2 and then by a takerin 3 to the carding cylinder 4, which is clothed with metallic sawtooth wire.
  • the upper arc of the carding cylinder is surrounded by a series of flat bars 5 secured to chains in the conventional manner and movable in a closed path adjacent to the cylinder surface and along a return section as indicated by the arrows.
  • On the return section of the path there is provided an oscillating comb (not shown) for cleaning short fibres, neps and waste material in the form of flat strips from the flat bars.
  • a doffer 6 also clothed with metallic sawtooth wire, which takes the carded web from the cylinder, the web being removed from the doffer by a stripper roll 7 and thence being passed through a pair of crush rolls 8 to a condenser and calender rolls 9.
  • the arc of the cylinder between the flat bars 5 and the doffer 6 is covered by a cover assembly 10 usually mounted on the bends of the carding engine.
  • Figure 1 shows in outline a duo-card carding engine.
  • This has a conventional feed arrangement (not shown) from which a lap of fibres is taken to a lap-feed 101 and then by a takerin 102 to a breaker carding cylinder 103 clothed with metallic sawtooth wire.
  • the upper arc of the breaker carding cylinder is surrounded by a series of flat bars 104 secured to chains in the conventional manner and movable, in a closed path adjacent to the cylinder surface and along a return section as indicated by the arrows.
  • an oscillating comb (not shown) for cleaning short fibres, neps and waste material in the form of flat strips from the flat bars.
  • a doffer 105 also clothed with metallic sawtooth wire which takes the carded web from the cylinder, the web being removed from the doffer by a stripper roll 106, and thence being passed through a pair of crush rolls 107 to a redirecting roller 108 and takerin 109 from whence the web passes to a finisher carding cylinder 4.
  • the finisher carding cylinder is clothed with metallic sawtooth wire and surrounded by a series of flat bars 5 similar in arrangement and operation to the flat bars 105.
  • a doffer 6 also clothed with metallic sawtooth wire which takes the carded web from the finisher cylinder, the web being removed from the doffer 6 by a stripper roll 7 and thence being passed through a pair of crush rolls 8 to a condenser and calender rolls 9.
  • the arc of the finisher cylinder 4 between the flat bars 5 and the doffer 6 is covered by a cover assembly 10 mounted in conventional manner on the bends of the carding engine.
  • the cover assembly ( Figure 3) comprises a top plate 11, an intermediate section 12 and a bottom plate 13.
  • the top plate 11 has a smooth inner surface spaced from the finisher cylinder surface and is conventionally mounted on the bends of the carding engine in such a way that the clearance a between the leading edge of the top plate and the envelope of the tips of the carding elements on the cylinder 4 may be adjusted.
  • the intermediate section 12 comprises a series of four flat bars 14 having non-loading metallic sawtooth wire carding elements on their inner surfaces, the elements being 0.71 mm high and there being 86.8 points per sq. cm. The mounting of these bars is shown in more detail in Figure 4.
  • the bottom plate 13 is secured to the bends of the carding engine so that there is a substantially constant clearance b between the smooth surface of that plate and the envelope of the tips of the carding elements on the cylinder over the whole surface of the plate.
  • the clearance a is adjustable, and conventionally this clearance is set at between 0.5 and 1.5 mm.
  • the clearance c at the trailing edge of the top plate 11 is conventionally fixed at about 0.75 mm.
  • the clearance d between the tips of the non-loading carding elements on the flat bars 14 and the periphery formed by the tips of the sawtooth wire on the cylinder is set at no more than 0.25 mm and desirably at less than 0.18 mm.
  • a single 102 cm diameter cylinder carding engine according to the invention may have its carding cylinder rotated at a speed of not less than 550 rpm, preferably about 800 rpm and possibly as high as 1,000 rpm. It is found that using this arrangement it is possible to work a thicker or heavier web to obtain good sliver quality at production rates of 54.4 kilos per hour and more, for a cotton blend that without use of the restricting section would give unacceptable quality at production rates of 40.8 kilos per hour.
  • the breaker cylinder may be rotated at a speed of 500 rpm and the finisher cylinder at the same speed, but desirably at a speed of not less than 550 rpm, preferably about 800 rpm and possibly as high as 1,000 rpm.
  • the finisher cylinder running at 800 rpm good sliver quality is obtained at production rates of 72.6 kilos per hour and more, representing a 50% increase over the production rate of 49.9 kilos per hour, the highest rate at which acceptable quality is presently being obtained.
  • Figure 4 shows one way in which the intermediate part of the cover may be mounted on the bends 15 of the carding engine, and is applicable both to the single cylinder embodiment of Figure 1 and to the duo-card of Figure 2.
  • Four flat bars 14 extend the full width of the cylinder and are each secured at opposite ends to respective carriers 16 by way of bolts 17.
  • Each flat is provided on its inner surface with a non-loading metallic fillet wire card clothing 18 confronting the wires on the cylinder surface (not shown).
  • the required setting.of the flat bars relative to the carriers 16 may be controlled by shims located as indicated at 19.
  • the carrier arrangement at each side of the carding engine is identical, and each carrier is pivotally mounted at 20 to an arm 21 which in turn is pivotally mounted at 22 to the bend 15.
  • the arm 20 is provided with an eccentric adjusting mechanism 23 cooperating with the bend 15 so that the spacing of the pivot point 20 from the cylinder surface may be adjusted.
  • Each carrier is secured in the required position by a locking device comprising a lever 24 also pivoted about the pivot 22 and terminating in an enlarged head 25.
  • a pressure element 26 is slidable on the lever 24 and is biased towards the pivot point by spring elements 27 disposed between the head 25 and the element 26.
  • the pressure element 26 bears on a cut-away section 28 of the carrier 16.
  • the pressure element may be engaged with the carrier by moving the element 26 towards the head 25 against the action of the spring 27 and when in position allowing the spring to move the element to hold the carrier 16.
  • the spacing of the carrier 16 and the flats from the cylinder at this end of the carrier is controlled by a bolt 29 engaging the end of the flat, the bolt being adjustable in a tapped bore 30 in the bend 15 and being fixed in the set position by a lock nut 31.
  • the bolt 29 and of the eccentric 23 the assembly of flat bars may be set at the required uniform spacing from the cylinder surface.
  • Figure . 5 shows schematically an alternative arrangement wherein a restricting section 40 is secured to the inner surface of a top plate 41 forming part of a cover which also includes an intermediate plate 42 and a bottom plate 43.
  • the restricting section may have a smooth inner surface or may be provided with non-loading carding elements, and the clearance e between this and the periphery formed by the tips of the sawtooth wire on the cylinder 4 is no more than 0.25 mm, and desirably less than 0.18mm.
  • the barrier section extends the full width of the carding cylinder, but its arcuate extent over the carding cylinder may differ from that shown. Means may be provided for adjusting the top plate on the bends to set the required clearance e at an optimum figure.
  • the breaker cylinder has been shown free of a restricting section. It may, however, be fitted with a restricting section in a manner similar to the finisher cylinder.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
EP80301574A 1979-05-18 1980-05-14 Carde et procédé pour le cardage de fibres textiles Withdrawn EP0019455A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB7917384 1979-05-18
GB7917384 1979-05-18
GB7920286 1979-06-11
GB7920286 1979-06-11
GB7942542 1979-12-10
GB7942542 1979-12-10

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0019455A1 true EP0019455A1 (fr) 1980-11-26

Family

ID=27260719

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80301574A Withdrawn EP0019455A1 (fr) 1979-05-18 1980-05-14 Carde et procédé pour le cardage de fibres textiles

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0019455A1 (fr)
BR (1) BR8003038A (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0260231A1 (fr) * 1986-09-10 1988-03-16 FONDERIE OFFICINE RIUNITE F.O.R. ING. GRAZIANO DI L. GRAZIANO & C. S.a.s. Unité de cardage à cylindres, en particulier pour la production de textiles non tissés
CN103160958A (zh) * 2011-12-15 2013-06-19 天津天纺投资控股有限公司北洋纺织分公司 梳棉机风压检测防火装置
CN113994035A (zh) * 2019-06-06 2022-01-28 特吕茨施勒有限及两合公司 具有回转盖板的梳理机

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE396175A (fr) *
DE1810058A1 (de) * 1967-11-20 1969-08-07 Elliott Jun Olin S Zusammengesetzte Kardenplatte
FR2033747A5 (fr) * 1969-01-24 1970-12-04 Hollingsworth John
DE2028317A1 (de) * 1969-06-14 1970-12-17 Daiwa Boseki K.K., Osaka; Nagoya Kinzoku Shinpu K.K., Shinkawamachi, Ni-shi-Kasugai, Aichi; (Japan) Deckelkarde

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE396175A (fr) *
DE1810058A1 (de) * 1967-11-20 1969-08-07 Elliott Jun Olin S Zusammengesetzte Kardenplatte
FR2033747A5 (fr) * 1969-01-24 1970-12-04 Hollingsworth John
DE2028317A1 (de) * 1969-06-14 1970-12-17 Daiwa Boseki K.K., Osaka; Nagoya Kinzoku Shinpu K.K., Shinkawamachi, Ni-shi-Kasugai, Aichi; (Japan) Deckelkarde

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0260231A1 (fr) * 1986-09-10 1988-03-16 FONDERIE OFFICINE RIUNITE F.O.R. ING. GRAZIANO DI L. GRAZIANO & C. S.a.s. Unité de cardage à cylindres, en particulier pour la production de textiles non tissés
CN103160958A (zh) * 2011-12-15 2013-06-19 天津天纺投资控股有限公司北洋纺织分公司 梳棉机风压检测防火装置
CN113994035A (zh) * 2019-06-06 2022-01-28 特吕茨施勒有限及两合公司 具有回转盖板的梳理机

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR8003038A (pt) 1980-12-23

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PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

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AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): CH DE FR GB IT

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19810508

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

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18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 19830217

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: BULL, JAMES

Inventor name: VARGA, ANDRE