EP0019118B1 - Installation for stirring metal melts in continuous casting plants - Google Patents

Installation for stirring metal melts in continuous casting plants Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0019118B1
EP0019118B1 EP80102230A EP80102230A EP0019118B1 EP 0019118 B1 EP0019118 B1 EP 0019118B1 EP 80102230 A EP80102230 A EP 80102230A EP 80102230 A EP80102230 A EP 80102230A EP 0019118 B1 EP0019118 B1 EP 0019118B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
string
magnetic field
pole pieces
rollers
strand
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Expired
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EP80102230A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0019118A1 (en
Inventor
Wolfgang Kindel
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Priority to AT80102230T priority Critical patent/ATE3509T1/en
Publication of EP0019118A1 publication Critical patent/EP0019118A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
    • B22D11/122—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ using magnetic fields

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for stirring the still molten core of a strand leaving a continuous casting installation by means of a magnetic direct field, which emanates from an electromagnet with yokes arranged outside the rollers guiding the strand and passes through the strand horizontally, and by means of a direct current that perpendicularly intersects the magnetic field lines , the sliding or rolling contact members is introduced into the strand over opposite side surfaces of the strand.
  • Such a device is known from GB-A-872 591.
  • the yoke of the magnet used in this device which can be a permanent magnet or an electromagnet excited by direct current or alternating current, is arranged outside the guide rollers on a broad side of the strand and has the shape of a horseshoe magnet, the poles of which are angled or provided with pole attachments, that the pole faces are aligned with each other and with the narrow sides of the strand.
  • the space required for a device in this embodiment is considerable and is not available, for example, if two continuous casting plants are arranged directly next to one another.
  • Known devices for stirring metallic melts poured into a casting mold are based on the principle of a rotating magnetic field which is generated by magnets excited in multiple phases or a multi-pole DC magnet system, the excitation windings of which are switched on and off one after the other in a predetermined sequence (DE-PS 307 225 ).
  • the invention has for its object to provide a device for stirring metallic melts, which can be installed in continuous casting plants, even afterwards, and operated without problems.
  • this object is achieved in that the poles of the electromagnet oriented on one of the wide side surfaces of the strand are equipped with at least one pole shoe which surrounds the guide rollers in a fork-like manner, while a yoke anchor with further pole pieces of the same design is arranged on the other wide side surface of the strand is.
  • the space requirement of the device is small because the magnetic poles can be guided through the narrow spaces between the guide rollers up to the immediate vicinity of the strand surface with the aid of the pole shoes. Due to the one-sided arrangement of the field coils, strand guide rollers made of non-magnetic material need only be used on this side.
  • the direct current supply can additionally be improved in that the contact rollers are equipped with a gear-toothed surface. This prevents the disruptive influence of scale layers or other impurities on the strand surface.
  • a section of a strand 1 drawn from a casting mold, for example a slab, and rollers 2 guiding the strand are shown schematically.
  • an electromagnet 3 is arranged with, for example, three magnetic coils 4, which are fed from a DC power source, not shown, and which can be connected to a cooling device, not shown.
  • the poles 5 of the electromagnet terminate in pole shoes 6, which grip around one of the guide rollers in the manner of pliers and extend into the immediate vicinity of the surface of the strand.
  • the guide rollers 2a lying in the area of influence of the poles are expediently made of non-magnetic material.
  • the magnetic field lines emanating from the pole pieces can therefore penetrate the strand unaffected, as shown in broken lines in FIG. 1, and close via a yoke armature 7 with pole pieces 8 shaped in the same way on the other broad side of the strand.
  • each of the two electrodes arranged on one side of the strand can follow unevenness of the strand surface independently of the other side.
  • the electrodes can be arranged on the narrow sides or on the surfaces of the broad sides remaining between the magnet yoke and the side edges of the strand.
  • the device shown in the drawing allows in a particularly advantageous manner the formation of pronounced force centers and force-free zones, as indicated by the flow lines shown in dashed lines in FIG. 3.
  • the vertical expansion of the main flow field and the secondary flow fields which are to be regarded as turbulence within the main flow field, achieve vigorous, large-volume mixing of the still liquid strand core 12 (FIG. 2).
  • smaller turbulence-increasing eddies are formed.
  • the strand moves at the casting speed through this spatially fixed and essentially constant total flow field.
  • the distance between the magnetic poles and the width of the ends of the pole pieces facing the strand are selected transversely to the direction of movement of the strand such that the pole pieces with the largest strand format with their total width and with the smallest strand format with an approximately half the part their width lies in the area of the liquid strand core.
  • the distance between the magnetic poles and the width of the ends of the pole pieces facing the strand are selected transversely to the direction of movement of the strand such that the pole pieces with the largest strand format with their total width and with the smallest strand format with an approximately half the part their width lies in the area of the liquid strand core.

Abstract

1. Apparatus for stirring the still molten core of a string leaving a continuous casting installation, by means of a constant magnetic field which originates from an electro-magnet comprising a yoke arranged outside the rollers which guide the string, and which constant magnetic field intersects the string horizontally, and by a direct current which cuts the lines of force of the magnetic field vertically and which is passed into the string by way of contact elements which slide on or roll over the opposite lateral faces of the string, characterised in that the poles (5) of the electro-magnet which are aligned with one of the wide lateral faces of the string (1) are provided with pole pieces (6) which embrace in forked manner at least one of the guide rollers (2a), whilst on the other wide lateral face of the string there is arranged a return path (7) having further pole pieces (8) similarly arranged.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Einrichtung zum Umrühren des noch schmelzflüssigen Kerns eines eine Stranggießanlage verlassenden Stranges mittels eines magnetischen Gleichfeldes, das von einem Elektromagneten mit außerhalb der den Strang führenden Rollen angeordneten Joch ausgeht und den Strang horizontal durchsetzt, und mittels eines die magnetischen Feldlinien senkrecht schneidenden Gleichstromes, der über aufeinander gegenüberliegenden Seitenflächen des Stranges gleitende oder abrollende Kontaktglieder in den Strang eingeleitet ist.The invention relates to a device for stirring the still molten core of a strand leaving a continuous casting installation by means of a magnetic direct field, which emanates from an electromagnet with yokes arranged outside the rollers guiding the strand and passes through the strand horizontally, and by means of a direct current that perpendicularly intersects the magnetic field lines , the sliding or rolling contact members is introduced into the strand over opposite side surfaces of the strand.

Eine derartige Einrichtung ist aus der GB-A-872 591 bekannt. Das Joch des in dieser Einrichtung verwendeten Magneten, der ein Permanentmagnet oder ein durch Gleichstrom oder Wechselstrom erregter Elektromagnet sein kann, ist außerhalb der Führungsrollen auf einer Breitseite des Stranges angeordnet und hat die Form eines Hufeisenmagneten, dessen Pole derart abgewinkelt oder mit Polansätzen versehen sind, daß die Polflächen aufeinander und auf die Schmalseiten des Stranges ausgerichtet sind. Der für eine Einrichtung in dieser Ausführung erforderliche Raumbedarf ist beträchtlich und steht beispielsweise nicht zur Verfügung, wenn zwei Stranggießanlagen unmittelbar nebeneinander angeordnet sind.Such a device is known from GB-A-872 591. The yoke of the magnet used in this device, which can be a permanent magnet or an electromagnet excited by direct current or alternating current, is arranged outside the guide rollers on a broad side of the strand and has the shape of a horseshoe magnet, the poles of which are angled or provided with pole attachments, that the pole faces are aligned with each other and with the narrow sides of the strand. The space required for a device in this embodiment is considerable and is not available, for example, if two continuous casting plants are arranged directly next to one another.

Bekannte Einrichtungen zum Umrühren von in eine Gießform eingefüllten metallischen Schmelzen beruhen auf dem Prinzip eines rotierenden Magnetfeldes, das von mehrphasig erregten Magneten oder einem mehrpoligen Gleichstrom-Magnetsystem erzeugt wird, dessen Erregerwicklungen in vorgegebener Folge nacheinander ein- und ausgeschaltet werden (DE-PS 307 225).Known devices for stirring metallic melts poured into a casting mold are based on the principle of a rotating magnetic field which is generated by magnets excited in multiple phases or a multi-pole DC magnet system, the excitation windings of which are switched on and off one after the other in a predetermined sequence (DE-PS 307 225 ).

Zur Vermeidung einer Deformation oder eines Abrisses des Stranges im Bereich des noch flüssigen Kerns ist es bekannt, mittels magnetischer Gleichfelder, die den Strang senkrecht zu seiner Bewegungsrichtung durchsetzen, und mittels eines durch die Schmelze in der Bewegungsrichtung des Stranges geleiteten Gleichstromes eine Kraft aufzubauen, die das Gewicht des Stranges zumindest teilweise aufhebt (DE-AS 1 558 224).In order to avoid a deformation or a break of the strand in the area of the still liquid core, it is known to build up a force by means of constant magnetic fields which penetrate the strand perpendicular to its direction of movement and by means of a direct current conducted through the melt in the direction of movement of the strand at least partially lifts the weight of the strand (DE-AS 1 558 224).

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Einrichtung zum Umrühren von metallischen Schmelzen zu schaffen, die in einfacher Weise in Stranggießanlagen, und zwar auch nachträglich, eingebaut und störungsfrei betrieben werden kann.The invention has for its object to provide a device for stirring metallic melts, which can be installed in continuous casting plants, even afterwards, and operated without problems.

Gemäß der Erfindung wird diese Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß die auf eine der breiten Seitenflächen des Stranges ausgerichteten Pole des Elektromagneten mit mindestens eine der Führungsrollen gabelartig umgreifenden Polschuhen ausgestattet sind, während auf der anderen breiten Seitenfläche des Stranges ein Rückschlußanker mit weiteren Polschuhen in gleicher Ausführung angeordnet ist.According to the invention, this object is achieved in that the poles of the electromagnet oriented on one of the wide side surfaces of the strand are equipped with at least one pole shoe which surrounds the guide rollers in a fork-like manner, while a yoke anchor with further pole pieces of the same design is arranged on the other wide side surface of the strand is.

In dieser Ausführung ist der Raumbedarf der Einrichtung gering, weil die Magnetpole mit Hilfe der Polschuhe durch die engen Zwischenräume zwischen den Führungsrollen bis in unmittelbare Nähe der Strangoberfläche geführt werden können. Infolge der einseitigen Anordnung der Feldspulen brauchen nur auf dieser Seite Strangführungsrollen aus unmagnetischem Material eingesetzt zu werden. Die Gleichstromzufuhr läßt sich zusätzlich noch dadurch verbessern, daß die Kontaktwalzen mit einer zahnradartig verzahnten Oberfläche ausgestattet sind. Dadurch wird der störende Einfluß von Zunderschichten oder anderen Verunreinigungen der Strangoberfläche vermieden.In this embodiment, the space requirement of the device is small because the magnetic poles can be guided through the narrow spaces between the guide rollers up to the immediate vicinity of the strand surface with the aid of the pole shoes. Due to the one-sided arrangement of the field coils, strand guide rollers made of non-magnetic material need only be used on this side. The direct current supply can additionally be improved in that the contact rollers are equipped with a gear-toothed surface. This prevents the disruptive influence of scale layers or other impurities on the strand surface.

An Hand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels wird die Erfindung im folgenden näher erläutert. Es zeigt

  • Fig. 1 eine Seitenansicht einer Stranggießanlage mit magnetischer Rühreinrichtung,
  • Fig.2 einen horizontalen Schnitt durch die Anlage in Höhe der Rühreinrichtung und
  • Fig. 3 eine Vorderansicht der Anlage.
The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of an exemplary embodiment shown in the drawing. It shows
  • 1 is a side view of a continuous caster with magnetic stirring device,
  • 2 shows a horizontal section through the system at the level of the stirring device and
  • Fig. 3 is a front view of the system.

In den Figuren sind ein Abschnitt eines aus einer Gießkokille gezogenen Stranges 1, beispielsweise einer Bramme, und den Strang führende Rollen 2 schematisch dargestellt. Außerhalb der Führungsrollen auf der einen Breitseite des Stranges ist ein Elektromagnet 3 mit beispielsweise drei Magnetspulen 4 angeordnet, die aus einer nicht dargestellten Gleichstromquelle gespeist werden und die an eine nicht dargestellte Kühlvorrichtung angeschlossen sein können. Die Pole 5 des Elektromagneten laufen in Polschuhe 6 aus, die eine der Führungsrollen zangenartig umgreifen und sich bis in unmittelbare Nähe der Strangoberfläche erstrecken. Zweckmäßigerweise sind die im Einflußbereich der Pole liegenden Führungsrollen 2a aus unmagnetischem Material hergestellt. Die von den Polschuhen ausgehenden Magnetfeldlinien können daher unbeeinflußt den Strang, wie in Fig. 1 gestrichelt dargestellt, durchsetzen und schließen sich über einen Rückschlußanker 7 mit in gleicher Weise geformten Polschuhen 8 auf der anderen Breitseite des Stranges.In the figures, a section of a strand 1 drawn from a casting mold, for example a slab, and rollers 2 guiding the strand are shown schematically. Outside the guide rollers on one broad side of the strand, an electromagnet 3 is arranged with, for example, three magnetic coils 4, which are fed from a DC power source, not shown, and which can be connected to a cooling device, not shown. The poles 5 of the electromagnet terminate in pole shoes 6, which grip around one of the guide rollers in the manner of pliers and extend into the immediate vicinity of the surface of the strand. The guide rollers 2a lying in the area of influence of the poles are expediently made of non-magnetic material. The magnetic field lines emanating from the pole pieces can therefore penetrate the strand unaffected, as shown in broken lines in FIG. 1, and close via a yoke armature 7 with pole pieces 8 shaped in the same way on the other broad side of the strand.

Aus Fig. 3, die eine Ansicht auf die Breitseite des Stranges und den Elektromagneten darstellt, ist die prinzipielle Anordnung der Gleichstromzuführung zum Strang zu ersehen. Hier sind für jede Polarität z. B. zwei Zuführungselektroden 9, die an die Schmalseiten des Stranges mittels eines Gestänges 10 und beispielsweise einer hydraulischen Vorrichtung 11 gedrückt werden, auf der linken Seite beispielsweise als schleifende Kontaktstücke, insbesondere Kontaktbürsten, und auf der rechten Seite als Walzen oder Rollen mit geriefter Oberfläche, d. h. mit im Querschnitt zahnradartigem Aussehen, gezeichnet. Die Verwendung von gezahnten Walzen oder Rollen bietet den Vorteil, daß Zunderschichten oder sonstige Verunreinigungen der Strangoberflächen durchstoßen werden und sich nicht vor den Stromzuführungswalzen sammeln können. Ferner kann jede der beiden auf einer Seite des Stranges angeordneten Elektroden unabhängig von der anderen Seite Unebenheiten der Strangoberfläche folgen. Je nach dem Verhältnis der Strangbreite zur Breite des Magnetjoches können die Elektroden auf den Schmalseiten oder auf den zwischen dem Magnetjoch und den Seitenkanten des Stranges verbleibenden Flächen der Breitseiten angeordnet sein.3, which shows a view of the broad side of the strand and the electromagnet, shows the basic arrangement of the direct current supply to the strand. Here are z for each polarity. B. two feed electrodes 9, which are pressed onto the narrow sides of the strand by means of a linkage 10 and, for example, a hydraulic device 11, on the left side, for example, as sliding contact pieces, in particular contact brushes, and on the right side as rollers or rollers with a serrated surface, ie drawn with a gear-like appearance in cross section. The Ver The use of toothed rollers or rollers offers the advantage that layers of scale or other impurities on the strand surfaces are pierced and cannot collect in front of the power supply rollers. Furthermore, each of the two electrodes arranged on one side of the strand can follow unevenness of the strand surface independently of the other side. Depending on the ratio of the strand width to the width of the magnet yoke, the electrodes can be arranged on the narrow sides or on the surfaces of the broad sides remaining between the magnet yoke and the side edges of the strand.

Die in der Zeichnung dargestellte Einrichtung ermöglicht in besonders vorteilhafter Weise die Entstehung von ausgeprägten Kraftzentren und kräftefreien Zonen, wie durch die in Fig. 3 gestrichelt eingezeichneten Strömungslinien angedeutet. Durch die vertikale Ausdehnung des Hauptströmungsfeldes und die Nebenströmungsfelder, die innerhalb des Hauptströmungsfeldes als Turbulenzen anzusehen sind, wird eine kräftige, großvolumige Durchmischung des noch flüssigen Strangkerns 12 (Fig.2) erzielt. In der Übergangszone zwischen der Hauptströmung und den Nebenströmungen bilden sich kleinere, die Turbulenzen verstärkende Verwirbelungen. Durch diese räumlich festliegende 'und im wesentlichen gleichbleibende Gesamtströmungsfeld bewegt sich der Strang mit der Gießgeschwindigkeit.The device shown in the drawing allows in a particularly advantageous manner the formation of pronounced force centers and force-free zones, as indicated by the flow lines shown in dashed lines in FIG. 3. The vertical expansion of the main flow field and the secondary flow fields, which are to be regarded as turbulence within the main flow field, achieve vigorous, large-volume mixing of the still liquid strand core 12 (FIG. 2). In the transition zone between the main flow and the secondary flows, smaller turbulence-increasing eddies are formed. The strand moves at the casting speed through this spatially fixed and essentially constant total flow field.

In Stranggießanlagen zur Herstellung von Strängen mit gleichbleibendem oder nur wenig unterschiedlichem Breitenformat ergeben sich keine Schwierigkeiten, die Magnetpole zur Erzielung eines optimalen Gesamtströmungsfeldes anzuordnen und zu gestalten. Besteht jedoch die Möglichkeit, in einer Anlage Stränge mit unterschiedlichem Format, z. B. mit einem im Verhältnis 2 : 1 veränderbaren Breitenformat, zu gießen, müßte auch der Abstand der Magnetpole voneinander geändert werden.In continuous casting plants for the production of strands with a constant or only slightly different width format, there are no difficulties in arranging and designing the magnetic poles in order to achieve an optimal overall flow field. However, there is the possibility of using strands with different formats, e.g. B. with a 2: 1 changeable width format, the distance between the magnetic poles would have to be changed.

Zur Vermeidung derartiger Änderungen werden vorteilhafterweise der Abstand zwischen Magnetpolen und die Breite der dem Strang zugekehrten Enden der Polschuhe quer zur Bewegungsrichtung des Stranges derart gewählt, daß die Polschuhe bei dem größten Strangformat mit ihrer Gesamtbreite und bei dem kleinsten Strangformat mit einem näherungsweise der Hälfte entsprechenden Teil ihrer Breite im Bereich des flüssigen Strangkerns liegen. Auf diese Weise steht bei dem kleinsten Gießformat noch ein ausreichender Teil der Magnetpole zur Erzielung einer kräftigen Rührwirkung zur Verfügung. Wegen des geringeren Schmelzvolumens des kleineren Formates bildet sich eine stärkere Gesamtströmung aus als bei dem größten Format, weil die Hauptströmung und die Nebenströmungen sich gegenseitig intensiver durchsetzen.To avoid such changes, the distance between the magnetic poles and the width of the ends of the pole pieces facing the strand are selected transversely to the direction of movement of the strand such that the pole pieces with the largest strand format with their total width and with the smallest strand format with an approximately half the part their width lies in the area of the liquid strand core. In this way, with the smallest casting format, a sufficient part of the magnetic poles is still available to achieve a powerful stirring effect. Because of the smaller melting volume of the smaller format, a stronger overall flow is formed than with the largest format, because the main flow and the secondary flows enforce each other more intensively.

Claims (5)

1. Apparatus for stirring the still molten core of a string leaving a continuous casting installation, by means of a constant magnetic field which originates from an electro-magnet comprising a yoke arranged outside the rollers which guide the string, and which constant magnetic field intersects the string horizontally, and by a direct current which cuts the lines of force of the magnetic field vertically and which is passed into the string by way of contact elements which slide on or roll over the opposite lateral faces of the string, characterised in that the poles (5) of the electro-magnet which are aligned with one of the wide lateral faces of the string (1) are provided with pole pieces (6) which embrace in forked manner at least one of the guide rollers (2a), whilst on the other wide lateral face of the string there is arranged a return path (7) having further pole pieces (8) similarly arranged.
2. Apparatus according to Claim 1, characterised in that the poles (5) of the magnets (3) are so arranged that the lines of force of the magnetic field permeate the string (1) up to the edge zones at the narrow sides of the liquid core.
3. Apparatus according to Claim 1 for continuous casting installations with changeable string format, characterised in that the distance between the magnet poles (5) and the width of the ends of the pole pieces (6, 8) facing the string (1) transverse to the direction of movement of the string, are so selected that, in the case of the largest string format, the pole pieces lie with their total width in the region of the liquid core, and in the case of the smallest string format, lie with a part approximately corresponding to half their width in the region of the liquid core.
4. Apparatus according to one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that the surfaces of the contact rollers (9) are provided a gear wheellike toothed formation.
5. Apparatus according to Claim 4, characterised in that the contact rollers (9) are arranged in pairs on the narrow sides of the string (1) and are respectively resiliently pressed against the string surface by means of a linkage system.
EP80102230A 1979-05-09 1980-04-25 Installation for stirring metal melts in continuous casting plants Expired EP0019118B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT80102230T ATE3509T1 (en) 1979-05-09 1980-04-25 DEVICE FOR STIRRING METALLIC MELTES IN CONTINUOUS CASTING PLANTS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19792918700 DE2918700A1 (en) 1979-05-09 1979-05-09 DEVICE FOR STIRRING METAL MELT IN CONTINUOUS CASTING MILLS
DE2918700 1979-05-09

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0019118A1 EP0019118A1 (en) 1980-11-26
EP0019118B1 true EP0019118B1 (en) 1983-05-25

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EP80102230A Expired EP0019118B1 (en) 1979-05-09 1980-04-25 Installation for stirring metal melts in continuous casting plants

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EP (1) EP0019118B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS55149755A (en)
AT (1) ATE3509T1 (en)
DE (2) DE2918700A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2944760A1 (en) * 1979-11-06 1981-05-07 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München DEVICE FOR STIRRING METAL MELT IN CONTINUOUS CASTING MILLS
JPS63180089U (en) * 1987-05-12 1988-11-21
AU705854B2 (en) * 1995-11-14 1999-06-03 Lars Johansson Four-point seat belt
CN112077272B (en) 2019-06-12 2021-06-15 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 Electromagnetic stirring device and method for slab continuous casting secondary cooling area
CN116213664A (en) * 2023-03-27 2023-06-06 东北大学 Continuous casting two-cold-zone sectional roller type multi-mode electromagnetic stirring flow control device

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB872591A (en) * 1956-07-18 1961-07-12 British Iron Steel Research Improvements in or relating to the casting of metals

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1558209A1 (en) * 1967-03-06 1970-03-26 Demag Ag Method and device for influencing the not yet solidified part of the cast strand of a continuous casting plant
DE1583601A1 (en) * 1967-07-05 1970-09-17 Demag Elektrometallurgie Gmbh Method and apparatus for cooling a molten metal strand
US3882923A (en) * 1972-06-08 1975-05-13 Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech Apparatus for magnetic stirring of continuous castings
DE2757342C2 (en) * 1977-12-22 1983-02-24 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt Arrangement for the electrodynamic guiding of the liquid sump of a metal slab
SE410940C (en) * 1978-04-05 1985-08-29 Asea Ab METHOD OF CHARACTERIZATION BY STRING
DE2827240A1 (en) * 1978-06-21 1980-01-03 Siemens Ag Metal agitator in continuous casting plant - applies magnetic field in solidification phase superposed to direct current

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB872591A (en) * 1956-07-18 1961-07-12 British Iron Steel Research Improvements in or relating to the casting of metals

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS6236782B2 (en) 1987-08-08
DE3063435D1 (en) 1983-07-07
EP0019118A1 (en) 1980-11-26
DE2918700A1 (en) 1980-11-13
JPS55149755A (en) 1980-11-21
ATE3509T1 (en) 1983-06-15

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