EP0018444B1 - Apparatus for launching balls - Google Patents

Apparatus for launching balls Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0018444B1
EP0018444B1 EP79200221A EP79200221A EP0018444B1 EP 0018444 B1 EP0018444 B1 EP 0018444B1 EP 79200221 A EP79200221 A EP 79200221A EP 79200221 A EP79200221 A EP 79200221A EP 0018444 B1 EP0018444 B1 EP 0018444B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
balloon
installation
axis
supporting device
hollow shaft
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP79200221A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0018444A1 (en
Inventor
Jean Pierre Hubert Defosse
Joseph Fernand Henri Hensenne
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Umicore NV SA
Original Assignee
Ateliers de Constructions Electriques de Charleroi SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ateliers de Constructions Electriques de Charleroi SA filed Critical Ateliers de Constructions Electriques de Charleroi SA
Priority to EP79200221A priority Critical patent/EP0018444B1/en
Priority to AT79200221T priority patent/ATE2932T1/en
Priority to DE7979200221T priority patent/DE2965129D1/en
Priority to DK163080A priority patent/DK163080A/en
Priority to BR8002747A priority patent/BR8002747A/en
Priority to SU802915153A priority patent/SU1082306A3/en
Priority to ES491158A priority patent/ES8101394A1/en
Priority to MX182200A priority patent/MX150693A/en
Priority to DD80220917A priority patent/DD150432A5/en
Priority to AR280906A priority patent/AR224766A1/en
Priority to JP6047480A priority patent/JPS55155667A/en
Publication of EP0018444A1 publication Critical patent/EP0018444A1/en
Priority to US06/281,863 priority patent/US4523573A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0018444B1 publication Critical patent/EP0018444B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B69/00—Training appliances or apparatus for special sports
    • A63B69/40—Stationarily-arranged devices for projecting balls or other bodies
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B69/00—Training appliances or apparatus for special sports
    • A63B69/40—Stationarily-arranged devices for projecting balls or other bodies
    • A63B2069/402—Stationarily-arranged devices for projecting balls or other bodies giving spin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2225/00—Miscellaneous features of sport apparatus, devices or equipment
    • A63B2225/05—Miscellaneous features of sport apparatus, devices or equipment with suction cups
    • A63B2225/055—Miscellaneous features of sport apparatus, devices or equipment with suction cups used for fixing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a balloon launching installation according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • These devices propel the ball along a trajectory, of curved or tense shooting, according to the height adjustment of a guide corridor, with variable orientation according to the horizontal setting of the device.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a balloon launching installation which makes it possible to give the balloon a left trajectory and which prints the balloon, in the sending position, with a predetermined speed rotation about a predetermined axis.
  • a basket in the form of a truncated cone and driven in a rotational movement is equipped with an articulated cradle which, under the impact of a piston pushed upwards by the electromagnet, ejects the ball radially.
  • Figure 1 is a sectional view of part of the installation, in this case, the balloon support device.
  • Figures 2, 3, 4 and 5 are views of other embodiments of support devices.
  • Figures 6 and 7 show sectional views of one end of a percussion arm.
  • a hollow shaft 1 is supported by two bearings 2 and rotated by means of a pinion 3 connected to a motor by a transmission member, not shown.
  • the hollow shaft 1 supports, at its upper end, a support device 4 for a balloon 5.
  • the device is a concave plate, of diameter much smaller than that of the balloon 5, intended to position the latter rigorously.
  • the lower end of the hollow shaft 1 opens into a chamber 6 made hermetic by a seal 7.
  • a tube 8 opening into this chamber 6 is placed in communication with a suction system, not shown.
  • the closing of the concave plate 4 allows the suction system to create a certain vacuum therein via the circuit constituted by the tube 8, the hermetic chamber 6 and the hollow shaft 1 and thus ensure that the suction balloon is held very firmly.
  • the hollow shaft 2 can be driven in a rotational movement by means of the pinion 3 thus driving the balloon at a well-determined rotational speed.
  • a motor transmission member not shown, allows the pinion 3 to be driven at a speed which can be adjusted as desired.
  • FIG. 2 shows a variant of the device making it possible to impart a rotational movement to the balloon 5 before kick-off.
  • This device consists of a centering ring 10 of diameter slightly smaller than the balloon 5, coaxial with two rods 11 and 12 respectively located above and below the balloon 5 along a same vertical axis each terminated by a nozzle 15 and 16 of diameter significantly smaller than the balloon.
  • Two helical springs 17 and 18 are threaded respectively on the rods 11 and 12.
  • the rods 11 and 12 and the ring 10 are associated with each other by means of a frame formed by at least one vertical upright 19, of at least one upper horizontal arm 20, integral with the vertical upright 19 and at least one lower horizontal arm 21 sliding on the vertical upright 19.
  • the stroke of this rod 11 is limited by a stop 23.
  • the lower horizontal arm 21 supports at one of its ends a nozzle 24 in which the lower rod 12 slides.
  • the other end of the lower horizontal arm 21 supports at least one nozzle 25 allowing the arms 21 to move relative to the vertical upright 19.
  • the stroke of the upright 19 relative to the arms 21 is limited by a stop 26.
  • the lower horizontal arm 21 also supports the ring 10 by means of oblique uprights 27.
  • the lower rod 12, integral with the endpiece 16, is driven in a rotational movement by means of a transmission device, not shown.
  • the endpiece 15 pivots freely on the upper rod 11 which ends in a stop 28 receiving the thrust of the helical spring 17.
  • the frame formed of the arms 19 and 20 is in the raised position.
  • the ring 10 is pushed by the helical spring 18, via the lower horizontal arm 21 and the oblique upright 27, to occupy a high position allowing the ball 5 to be centered without it touching the end piece 16 of the lower rod 12.
  • the frame formed of the arms 19 and 20 compresses the spring 17 by means of the nozzle 22 and thus ensures that the balloon 5 is held increasingly firm. Simultaneously the thrust of the stop 26 on the nozzle 25 progressively retracts the ring 10 and thus frees access to the balloon 5. The descent maneuver stops when the ring 10 arrives at the end 16 of the rod 12.
  • the rotation of the balloon via the lower rod 12 secured to its tip 16 is made by a motor device, not shown, giving the balloon 5 the desired speed.
  • the pressure of the helical spring 17 maintains the balloon 5 along a constant axis, materialized by the rods 11 and 12 and the pivoting nozzle 15 allows the balloon to rotate without driving the helical rod 11 in the rotational movement.
  • the kick-off is given in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the frame formed by the elements 19, 20 and 21.
  • FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the support device making it possible to impart a rotational movement to the balloon 5 before the cut-off.
  • the hollow shaft 1, terminated at its upper end by a concave plate 4 is provided with a groove 30 and is provided with an oblong hole 31 at its lower part.
  • a tube 32, co-axial of the hollow shaft 1, mounted on two ball bearings 2, is provided with a hole 33 facing the hole 31 in the hollow shaft 1 and is provided with a positioning screw 34 which secures the tube 32 to the hollow shaft 1.
  • the bore of the tube 32 allows the hollow shaft 1 to slide axially therein with greasy friction, for a height adjustment with respect to the striking mass.
  • the tube 32 is rotated by means of a pinion 3 connected to a motor by a drive device not shown.
  • the transmission of the rotational movement from the tube 32 to the hollow shaft 1 is done by means of the screw 34, the end of which is engaged in the groove 30 of the hollow shaft 1.
  • the groove 30 formed in the shaft hollow 1 is of a length such that it allows the displacement of the hollow shaft 1 relative to the tube 32 over a sufficient height so that the concave plate 4 presents the balloon 5 at the different levels required and thus the mass impact 9 prints the desired trajectory effects to the balloon.
  • the balloon 5 is held on the concave plate 4 by suction through the tubing 8 and the circuit consisting of the hollow shaft 1 and the holes 31 and 33, respectively made in the hollow shaft 1 and the tube 32.
  • the balloon support device 5, constituted in FIG. 1 by the concave plate 4, can be replaced by other variants shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. These variants can be used with or without a suction device. However, the descriptions given below below relate to the use of a suction system through the hollow shaft 1.
  • FIG. 4 represents a sectional view of a variant of the device for supporting the ball 5.
  • It consists of a hollow shaft 1 terminated by a shoulder 35 on which a helical spring 36 is supported and a basket 41 centered on the hollow shaft 1 by means of the helical spring 36 and articulated with respect to this hollow shaft 1 via a ball joint.
  • This ball joint comprises a convex part 37 made integral with the shoulder 35 and provided with a hole 38 coaxial with that of the hollow shaft 1 and a concave part 39 fitted with a hole 40 and secured to the basket 41.
  • the helical spring 36 chosen to be stiff enough to avoid oscillations of the rotation device, again centers the basket 41 on the hollow shaft 1 and the process can start again.
  • FIG. 5 represents a sectional view of another variant of the device for supporting the balloon 5.
  • the latter consists of a hollow shaft 1 terminated at the end by a plate 42 carrying over its entire periphery a brush 43 formed of stiff bristles.
  • the implantation of the bristles of the brush 43 is of sufficient density for the brush 43 to present, under the weight of the balloon 5, a deformation in spray which gives a contact surface with the balloon 5, making it possible to drive the latter at the desired speed.
  • the brush 43 is lined on any periphery with a thin strip 44 of elastic material, the height of which is roughly equal to half the length of the bristles of the brush 43.
  • This elastic strip 44 further contributes to increasing the stiffness of the bristles of the brush 43.
  • the retractable part of the support device consists of the bristles of the brush 43 and of the strip 44 which, when fired, deform elastically under the force developed by the ball.
  • the percussion device 9 consists of a roller free to rotate on an axis capable of be oriented in different directions.
  • FIG. 6 represents an exemplary embodiment of the percussion device. It consists of a bent arm 50, endowed at its end with a turn 51 in which a lug 52 secured to a stirrup 53 is threaded until abutment of the shoulder 54.
  • the stirrup 53 carries a axis 55 around which pivots a percussive mass 9, of small diameter, of small mass and with rounded edges so as not to injure the ball on impact.
  • the adjustment of the orientation of the axis 55 is obtained by rotating the pin 52 in the hole 51 of the percussion lever 50.
  • the orientation of the axis 55 is maintained by a fixing device 56.
  • the left trajectory of the ball can also be obtained by giving the striking mass a rotation of suitable direction and of adjustable speed according to the desired effect in the trajectory.
  • Figure 7 is an exemplary embodiment of this other method.
  • the axis of rotation 55 of the percussive mass 9 is mounted on two needle bearings 57 and has an end piece 58 on which is threaded a flexible hose 59 held on the end piece 58 by a fixing device 60.
  • a motor gives the striking mass 9 a rotational movement in the direction and at the desired speed by means of the hose 59 made integral with the endpiece 58 by means of the fixing device 60.
  • the latter In order not to thwart the rotational movement imparted to the striking mass 9, upon impact with the ball in the sending position, the latter is held on a support device, free to pivot along an axis parallel to the axis 55 of the striking mass 9.
  • the rotational movement can be transmitted to the striking mass 9 via a gear train.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Pinball Game Machines (AREA)
  • Manipulator (AREA)

Description

L'invention concerne une installation de lancement de ballon selon le préambule de la revendication 1.The invention relates to a balloon launching installation according to the preamble of claim 1.

Il existe de nombreux brevets de dispositifs de lancement d'un ballon à l'aide de ressorts, d'air comprimé, de rouleaux ou de galets tournant à grande vitesse, de bras oscillant actionné par un ressort ou un moteur rotatif.There are numerous patents for devices for launching a balloon using springs, compressed air, rollers or rollers rotating at high speed, swing arm actuated by a spring or a rotary motor.

Ces dispositifs propulsent le ballon suivant une trajectoire, de tir courbe ou tendu, selon le réglage en hauteur d'un couloir de guidage, avec orientation variable selon le réglage horizontal du dispositif.These devices propel the ball along a trajectory, of curved or tense shooting, according to the height adjustment of a guide corridor, with variable orientation according to the horizontal setting of the device.

Toutefois ces dispositifs ne peuvent pas imprimer au ballon une trajectoire gauche, hors plan, qu'un joueur lui peut donner en modifiant le point d'impact sur le ballon de telle manière que ce dernier exécute un mouvement de rotation autour d'un axe qui dépend de la position du point d'impact par rapport au centre de gravité du ballon.However, these devices cannot imprint on the ball a left trajectory, out of plane, that a player can give him by modifying the point of impact on the ball so that the latter performs a rotational movement around an axis which depends on the position of the point of impact relative to the center of gravity of the ball.

La présente invention a pour but de procurer une installation de lancement de ballon qui permet de donner une trajectoire gauche au ballon et qui imprime au ballon, en position d'envoi, une rotation de vitesse prédéterminée autour d'un axe prédéterminé.The object of the present invention is to provide a balloon launching installation which makes it possible to give the balloon a left trajectory and which prints the balloon, in the sending position, with a predetermined speed rotation about a predetermined axis.

En se référant au US-A-3 310 312, décrivant plusieurs dispositifs d'éjection de balles de golf au dehors d'un tronc de cône faisant office de trou dans un parcours de golf, on constate -que dans deux de ces dispositifs, l'éjection de la balle est obtenue par une tige terminée par une surface bisautée, animée d'un mouvement rotatif et qui sous l'action d'un électroaimant pousse la balle vers le haut, le mouvement de rotation de cette tige étant obtenu soit par un moteur électrique tournant en permanence, soit, lors de la poussée de l'électro-aimant, par une rainure hélicoidale dont est munie la tige. Dans un autre dispositif décrit dans le même brevet, un panier en formce de tronc de cône et animé d'un mouvement de rotation est équipé d'un berceau articulé qui, sous l'impact d'un piston repoussé vers le haut par l'électro-aimant, éjecte la balle radialement.Referring to US-A-3 310 312, describing several devices for ejecting golf balls outside a truncated cone serving as a hole in a golf course, it can be seen that in two of these devices, the ball is ejected by a rod terminated by a beveled surface, driven by a rotary movement and which under the action of an electromagnet pushes the ball upwards, the rotary movement of this rod being obtained either by an electric motor constantly rotating, or, when the electromagnet is pushed, by a helical groove with which the rod is provided. In another device described in the same patent, a basket in the form of a truncated cone and driven in a rotational movement is equipped with an articulated cradle which, under the impact of a piston pushed upwards by the electromagnet, ejects the ball radially.

Dans ces dispositifs, seul le frottement de la balle sur la tige bisautée ou sur le berceau et le panier assure la mise en rotation de la balle. Ce coéfificient de frottement est extrêmement variable selon que la balle est sèche, humide, recouverte de boue, maculée d'herbes ... et n'assure pas la mise en rotation répétitive de la balle. D'autre part la forme évasée du berceau ou le biseau de la tige n'assure pas le centrage de la balle sur l'axe de rotation du panier ou de la tige bisautée et donne à la balle une position excentrée non répétitive.In these devices, only the friction of the ball on the beveled rod or on the cradle and the basket ensures the rotation of the ball. This coefficient of friction is extremely variable depending on whether the ball is dry, wet, covered with mud, smeared with herbs ... and does not ensure the repetitive rotation of the ball. On the other hand the flared shape of the cradle or the bevel of the rod does not ensure the centering of the ball on the axis of rotation of the basket or the beveled rod and gives the ball an eccentric non-repetitive position.

Ce manque de répétitivité dans la position de la balle par rapport à l'axe de rotation et dans la vitesse de rotation communiquée à la balle est radicalement éliminé par les dispositifs selon la présente invention, tels qu'ils sont caractérisés dans les revendications. Quel que soit l'état du ballon, une parfaite solidarisation du ballon sur son support donne au ballon une rotation suivant l'axe du support, à la vitesse de celui-ci.This lack of repeatability in the position of the ball relative to the axis of rotation and in the speed of rotation communicated to the ball is radically eliminated by the devices according to the present invention, as characterized in the claims. Whatever the state of the balloon, perfect securing of the balloon on its support gives the balloon a rotation along the axis of the support, at the speed of the latter.

L'invention est exposée plus en détail en se référant au dessin annexé, représentant seulement un exemple d'exécution. La figure 1 est une vue en coupe d'une partie de l'installation, en l'occurence, le dispositif de soutien du ballon. Les figures 2, 3, 4 et 5 sont des vues d'autres exemples de réalisation de dispositifs de soutien. Les figures 6 et 7 représentent des vues en coupe d'une extrémité d'un bras de percussion.The invention is explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawing, representing only an example of execution. Figure 1 is a sectional view of part of the installation, in this case, the balloon support device. Figures 2, 3, 4 and 5 are views of other embodiments of support devices. Figures 6 and 7 show sectional views of one end of a percussion arm.

A la figure 1, un arbre creux 1 est supporté par deux roulements 2 et mis en rotation par l'intermédiaire d'un pignon 3 relié à un moteur par un organe de transmission, non représenté.In Figure 1, a hollow shaft 1 is supported by two bearings 2 and rotated by means of a pinion 3 connected to a motor by a transmission member, not shown.

L'arbre creux 1 supporte, à son extrémité supérieure, un dispositif de soutien 4 d'un ballon 5. Le dispositif est un plateau concave, de diamètre nettement inférieur à celui du ballon 5, destiné à positionner celui-ci de façon rigoureuse.The hollow shaft 1 supports, at its upper end, a support device 4 for a balloon 5. The device is a concave plate, of diameter much smaller than that of the balloon 5, intended to position the latter rigorously.

L'extrémité inférieure de l'arbre creux 1 débouche dans une chambre 6 rendue hermétique par un joint 7.The lower end of the hollow shaft 1 opens into a chamber 6 made hermetic by a seal 7.

Une tubulure 8 débouchant dans cette chambre 6 est mise en communication avec un système d'aspiration, non représenté.A tube 8 opening into this chamber 6 is placed in communication with a suction system, not shown.

Lorsque le ballon 5 est posé sur le plateau 4, l'obturation du plateau concave 4 permet au système d'aspiration d'y créer un certain vide par l'intermédiaire du circuit constitué par la tubulure 8, la chambre hermétique 6 et l'arbre creux 1 et d'ainsi assurer le maintien très ferme du ballon à aspiration. Dès cet instant, l'arbre creux 2 peut être animé d'un mouvement de rotation par l'intermédiaire du pignon 3 entraînant ainsi le ballon à une vitesse de rotation bien déterminée. Il n'y a pas de glissement du ballon sur son support même si la balle présente un balourd important, si sa sphéricité n'est pas parfaite, si des impuretés sont collées à sa surface ou si le diamètre du ballon varie en fonction de son gonflage ou de tout autre cause (alimentation de ballons de caractéristiques physiques différentes). Un organe de transmission d'un moteur, non représenté, permet d'entraîner le pignon 3 à une vitesse qui peut être réglée à volonté.When the balloon 5 is placed on the plate 4, the closing of the concave plate 4 allows the suction system to create a certain vacuum therein via the circuit constituted by the tube 8, the hermetic chamber 6 and the hollow shaft 1 and thus ensure that the suction balloon is held very firmly. From this instant, the hollow shaft 2 can be driven in a rotational movement by means of the pinion 3 thus driving the balloon at a well-determined rotational speed. There is no sliding of the ball on its support even if the ball has a significant imbalance, if its sphericity is not perfect, if impurities are stuck on its surface or if the diameter of the ball varies according to its inflation or any other cause (feeding of balloons with different physical characteristics). A motor transmission member, not shown, allows the pinion 3 to be driven at a speed which can be adjusted as desired.

Une masse percutante 9, mise en mouvement d'une manière en soi connue, communique au ballon 5 la quantité de mouvement necéssaire pour l'envoyer dans une direction définie par un couloir de guidage, également en soi connu. Il faut cependant veiller à ce que, lors de l'impact, la masse percutante 9 ne freine pas significativement la rotation du ballon qui est responsable de la trajectoire gauche suivie par ce dernier.A striking mass 9, set in motion in a manner known per se, communicates to the balloon 5 the amount of movement necessary to send it in a direction defined by a guide passage, also known per se. However, care must be taken to ensure that, upon impact, the percussive mass 9 does not significantly brake the rotation of the ball which is responsible for the left trajectory followed by the latter.

La figure 2 représente un variante du dispositif permettant d'imprimer au ballon 5 un mouvement de rotation avant le coup d'envoi. Ce dispositif est constitué d'un anneau 10 de centrage de diamètre légèrement inférieur au ballon 5, coaxial à deux tiges 11 et 12 respectivement situées au dessus et au dessous du ballon 5 selon un même axe vertical terminées chacune par un embout 15 et 16 de diamètre nettement inférieur au ballon. Deux ressorts hélicoïdaux 17 et 18 sont enfilés respectivement sur les tiges 11 et 12. Les tiges 11 et 12 et l'anneau 10 sont associés entre eux par l'intermédiaire d'un cadre formé d'au moins un montant vertical 19, d'au moins un bras horizontal supérieur 20, solidaire du montant vertical 19 et d'au moins un bras horizontal inférieur 21 coulissant sur le montant vertical 19.FIG. 2 shows a variant of the device making it possible to impart a rotational movement to the balloon 5 before kick-off. This device consists of a centering ring 10 of diameter slightly smaller than the balloon 5, coaxial with two rods 11 and 12 respectively located above and below the balloon 5 along a same vertical axis each terminated by a nozzle 15 and 16 of diameter significantly smaller than the balloon. Two helical springs 17 and 18 are threaded respectively on the rods 11 and 12. The rods 11 and 12 and the ring 10 are associated with each other by means of a frame formed by at least one vertical upright 19, of at least one upper horizontal arm 20, integral with the vertical upright 19 and at least one lower horizontal arm 21 sliding on the vertical upright 19.

Le bras horizontal supérieur 20, solidaire du montant vertical 19, supporte une buselure 22 dans laquelle coulisse la tige supérieure 11. La course de cette tige 11 est limitée par une butée 23. Le bras horizontal inférieur 21 supporte à l'une de ses extrémités une buselure 24 dans laquelle coulisse la tige inférieure 12.The upper horizontal arm 20, integral with the vertical upright 19, supports a nozzle 22 in which the upper rod 11 slides. The stroke of this rod 11 is limited by a stop 23. The lower horizontal arm 21 supports at one of its ends a nozzle 24 in which the lower rod 12 slides.

L'autre extrémité du bras horizontal inférieur 21 supporte au moins une buselure 25 permettant le déplacement des bras 21 par rapport au montant vertical 19. La course du montant 19 par rapport aux bras 21 est limitée par une butée 26.The other end of the lower horizontal arm 21 supports at least one nozzle 25 allowing the arms 21 to move relative to the vertical upright 19. The stroke of the upright 19 relative to the arms 21 is limited by a stop 26.

Le bras horizontal inférieur 21 supporte encore l'anneau 10 par l'intermédiaire de montants obliques 27.The lower horizontal arm 21 also supports the ring 10 by means of oblique uprights 27.

La tige inférieure 12, solidaire de l'embout 16, est animée d'un mouvement de rotation par l'intermédiaire d'un dispositif de transmission, non représenté.The lower rod 12, integral with the endpiece 16, is driven in a rotational movement by means of a transmission device, not shown.

L'embout 15 pivote librement sur la tige supérieure 11 qui se termine par une butée 28 recevant la poussée du ressort hélicoïdal 17.The endpiece 15 pivots freely on the upper rod 11 which ends in a stop 28 receiving the thrust of the helical spring 17.

Pour faciliter la mise en place, manuelle ou automatique, du ballon 5, le cadre formé des bras 19 et 20 est en position relevée. Dans cette position l'anneau 10 est poussé par le ressort hélicoïdal 18, par l'intermédiaire du bras horizontal inférieure 21 et du montant oblique 27, pour occuper une position haute permettant de centrer le ballon 5 sans que celui-ci touche l'embout 16 de la tige inférieure 12.To facilitate the installation, manual or automatic, of the balloon 5, the frame formed of the arms 19 and 20 is in the raised position. In this position the ring 10 is pushed by the helical spring 18, via the lower horizontal arm 21 and the oblique upright 27, to occupy a high position allowing the ball 5 to be centered without it touching the end piece 16 of the lower rod 12.

Le cadre formé des bras 19 et 20 est ensuite abaissé jusqu'à ce que l'embout 15 de la tige supérieure 11 vienne en contact avec le ballon 5. Pendant toute cette opération le montant vertical 19 coulisse dans la buselure 25 fixée à l'extrémité du bras horizontal inférieur 21 permettant ainsi à l'anneau 10 de rester dans sa position initiale haute.The frame formed by the arms 19 and 20 is then lowered until the end piece 15 of the upper rod 11 comes into contact with the balloon 5. During all this operation the vertical upright 19 slides in the groove 25 fixed to the end of the lower horizontal arm 21 thus allowing the ring 10 to remain in its initial high position.

En poursuivant le mouvement de descente, le cadre formé des bras 19 et 20 comprime le ressort 17 par l'intermédiaire de la buselure 22 et assure ainsi un maintien du ballon 5 de plus en plus ferme. Simultanément la poussée de la butée 26 sur la buselure 25 escamote progressivement l'anneau 10 et libère ainsi l'accès au ballon 5. La manoeuvre de descente s'arrête lorsque l'anneau 10 arrive au niveau de l'embout 16 de la tige 12.Continuing the downward movement, the frame formed of the arms 19 and 20 compresses the spring 17 by means of the nozzle 22 and thus ensures that the balloon 5 is held increasingly firm. Simultaneously the thrust of the stop 26 on the nozzle 25 progressively retracts the ring 10 and thus frees access to the balloon 5. The descent maneuver stops when the ring 10 arrives at the end 16 of the rod 12.

La mise en rotation du ballon par l'intermédiaire de la tige inférieure 12 solidaire de son embout 16 est faite par un dispositif moteur, non représenté, donnant au ballon 5 la vitesse désirée. La pression du ressort hélicoïdal 17 assure le maintien du ballon 5 selon un axe constant, matérialisé par les tiges 11 et 12 et l'embout pivotant 15 permet la rotation du ballon sans entraîner la tige 11 hélicoïdal 17 dans le mouvement de rotation.The rotation of the balloon via the lower rod 12 secured to its tip 16 is made by a motor device, not shown, giving the balloon 5 the desired speed. The pressure of the helical spring 17 maintains the balloon 5 along a constant axis, materialized by the rods 11 and 12 and the pivoting nozzle 15 allows the balloon to rotate without driving the helical rod 11 in the rotational movement.

Lorsque le ballon a atteint la vitesse de rotation désirée le coup d'envoi est donné dans une direction perpendiculaire au plan du cadre formé des éléments 19, 20 et 21.When the ball has reached the desired speed of rotation, the kick-off is given in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the frame formed by the elements 19, 20 and 21.

Il est bien entendu possible d'incliner d'un angle déterminé l'axe de rotation, par exemple en inclinant le cadre 19, 20, 21 de la figure 2 ou dans la chambre 6 de la figure 1 pour obtenir les effets désirés sur la trajectoire du ballon.It is of course possible to tilt the axis of rotation by a determined angle, for example by tilting the frame 19, 20, 21 of FIG. 2 or in the chamber 6 of FIG. 1 to obtain the desired effects on the trajectory of the ball.

La figure 3 représente une autre réalisation du dispositif de soutien permettant d'imprimer au ballon 5 un mouvement de rotation avant le coupe d'envoi. L'arbre creux 1, terminé à son extrémité supérieure par un plateau concave 4 est nanti d'une rainure 30 et est pourvu d'un trou oblong 31 à sa partie inférieure. Un tube 32, co-axial de l'arbre creux 1, monté sur deux roulements à billes 2, est pourvu d'un trou 33 faisant face au trou 31 de l'arbre creux 1 et est nanti d'une vis de positionnement 34 qui solidarise le tube 32 à l'arbre creux 1.FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the support device making it possible to impart a rotational movement to the balloon 5 before the cut-off. The hollow shaft 1, terminated at its upper end by a concave plate 4 is provided with a groove 30 and is provided with an oblong hole 31 at its lower part. A tube 32, co-axial of the hollow shaft 1, mounted on two ball bearings 2, is provided with a hole 33 facing the hole 31 in the hollow shaft 1 and is provided with a positioning screw 34 which secures the tube 32 to the hollow shaft 1.

L'alésage du tube 32 permet à l'arbre creux 1 d'y coulisser axialement à frottement gras, en vue d'un réglage en hauteur par rapport à la masse percutante.The bore of the tube 32 allows the hollow shaft 1 to slide axially therein with greasy friction, for a height adjustment with respect to the striking mass.

Le tube 32 est mis en rotation par l'intermédiaire d'un pignon 3 relié à un moteur par un dispositif d'entraînement non représenté.The tube 32 is rotated by means of a pinion 3 connected to a motor by a drive device not shown.

La transmission du mouvement de rotation du tube 32 à l'arbre creux 1 se fait par l'intermédiaire de la vis 34 dont l'extrémité est engagée dans la rainure 30 de l'arbre creux 1. La rainure 30 pratiquée dans l'arbre creux 1 est d'une longueur telle qu'elle permet le déplacement de l'arbre creux 1 par rapport au tube 32 sur une hauteur suffisante pour que le plateau concave 4, présente le ballon 5 aux différents niveaux requis et qu'ainsi la masse percutante 9 imprime au ballon les effets de trajectoire recherchés.The transmission of the rotational movement from the tube 32 to the hollow shaft 1 is done by means of the screw 34, the end of which is engaged in the groove 30 of the hollow shaft 1. The groove 30 formed in the shaft hollow 1 is of a length such that it allows the displacement of the hollow shaft 1 relative to the tube 32 over a sufficient height so that the concave plate 4 presents the balloon 5 at the different levels required and thus the mass impact 9 prints the desired trajectory effects to the balloon.

Le ballon 5 est maintenu sur le plateau concave 4 par aspiration à travers la tubulure 8 et le circuit constitué de l'arbre creux 1 et des trous 31 et 33, respectivement pratiqués dans l'arbre creux 1 et le tube 32.The balloon 5 is held on the concave plate 4 by suction through the tubing 8 and the circuit consisting of the hollow shaft 1 and the holes 31 and 33, respectively made in the hollow shaft 1 and the tube 32.

Le dispositif de soutien du ballon 5, constitué dans la figure 1 par le plateau concave 4, peut être remplacé par d'autres variantes reprises dans les figures 4 et 5. Ces variantes peuvent s'utiliser avec ou sans dispositif d'aspiration. Toutefois les descriptions faites ci-dessous se rapportent à l'utilisation d'un système d'aspiration à travers l'arbre creux 1.The balloon support device 5, constituted in FIG. 1 by the concave plate 4, can be replaced by other variants shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. These variants can be used with or without a suction device. However, the descriptions given below below relate to the use of a suction system through the hollow shaft 1.

La figure 4 représente une vue en coupe d'une variante du dispositif de soutien du ballon 5.FIG. 4 represents a sectional view of a variant of the device for supporting the ball 5.

Il est constitué d'un arbre creux 1 terminé par un épaulement 35 sur lequel s'appuye un ressort hélicoïdal 36 et d'un panier 41 centré sur l'arbre creux 1 par l'intermédiaire du ressort hélicoïdal 36 et articulé par rapport à cet arbre creux 1 par l'intermédiaire d'une rotule.It consists of a hollow shaft 1 terminated by a shoulder 35 on which a helical spring 36 is supported and a basket 41 centered on the hollow shaft 1 by means of the helical spring 36 and articulated with respect to this hollow shaft 1 via a ball joint.

Cette rotule comporte une partie convexe 37 rendue solidaire de l'épaulement 35 et nantie d'un trou 38 co-axial à celui de l'arbre creux 1 et une partie concave 39 nantie d'un trou 40 et solidarisé au panier 41.This ball joint comprises a convex part 37 made integral with the shoulder 35 and provided with a hole 38 coaxial with that of the hollow shaft 1 and a concave part 39 fitted with a hole 40 and secured to the basket 41.

Lorsque le ballon 5 est posé sur le panier 41, le mouvement de rotation de l'arbre creux 1 est communiqué au panier 41 par l'intermédiaire des deux parties 37 et 39 de la rotule et par le ressort hélicoïdal 36 prenant appui d'une part sur l'épaulement 35 solidaire de l'arbre creux 1, d'autre part sur le fond du panier 41.When the balloon 5 is placed on the basket 41, the rotational movement of the hollow shaft 1 is communicated to the basket 41 via the two parts 37 and 39 of the ball joint and by the helical spring 36 supported by a part on the shoulder 35 secured to the hollow shaft 1, on the other hand on the bottom of the basket 41.

Lors du tir, la composante horizontale de la quantité de mouvement communiquée au ballon force le panier 41 à s'escamoter du côté avant gr8ce à la liberté du mouvement donné par les deux parties 37 et 39 de la rotule et comprimse ainsi le ressort hélicoïdal 36 de façon dissymétrique pour laisser passer le ballon.When firing, the horizontal component of the momentum communicated to the ball forces the basket 41 to retract from the front side thanks to the freedom of movement given by the two parts 37 and 39 of the ball joint and thus compresses the helical spring 36 asymmetrically to let the ball pass.

Après le tir, le ressort hélicoïdal 36, choisi assez raide pour éviter les oscillations du dispositif de rotation, centre à nouveau le panier 41 sur l'arbre creux 1 et le processus peut recommencer.After firing, the helical spring 36, chosen to be stiff enough to avoid oscillations of the rotation device, again centers the basket 41 on the hollow shaft 1 and the process can start again.

La figure 5 représente une vue en coupe d'une autre variante du dispositif de soutien du ballon 5.FIG. 5 represents a sectional view of another variant of the device for supporting the balloon 5.

Ce dernier est constitué d'un arbre creux 1 terminé en bout par un plateau 42 portant sur toute sa périphérie une brosse 43 formée de poils raides.The latter consists of a hollow shaft 1 terminated at the end by a plate 42 carrying over its entire periphery a brush 43 formed of stiff bristles.

L'implantation des poils de la brosse 43 est d'une densité suffisante pour que la brosse 43 présente, sous le poids du ballon 5 une déformation en gerbe qui donne une surface de contact avec le ballon 5, permettant d'entraîner celui-ci à la vitesse désirée.The implantation of the bristles of the brush 43 is of sufficient density for the brush 43 to present, under the weight of the balloon 5, a deformation in spray which gives a contact surface with the balloon 5, making it possible to drive the latter at the desired speed.

Pour réduire les pertes de charge du systèn d'aspiration, la bross 43 est doublée sur toute périphérie d'une fine lamelle 44 en matériau élastique dont la hauteur est à peu près égale à la moitié de la longueur des poils de la brosse 43. Cette lamelle élastique 44 contribue encore à augmenter la raideur des poils de la brosse 43.To reduce the pressure drops of the suction system, the brush 43 is lined on any periphery with a thin strip 44 of elastic material, the height of which is roughly equal to half the length of the bristles of the brush 43. This elastic strip 44 further contributes to increasing the stiffness of the bristles of the brush 43.

La partie escamotable du dispositif de soutien est constituée par les poils de la brosse 43 et de la lamelle 44 qui, lors du tir, se déforment élastiquement sous l'effort développé par le ballon.The retractable part of the support device consists of the bristles of the brush 43 and of the strip 44 which, when fired, deform elastically under the force developed by the ball.

De façon à ne pas contrarier, à l'impact, le mouvement de rotation imprimé au ballon par l'un des dispositifs décrits ci-dessus, le dispositif de percussion 9 est constitué d'une roulette libre de tourner sur un axe susceptible d'être orienté selon différences directions.So as not to counteract, on impact, the rotational movement imparted to the ball by one of the devices described above, the percussion device 9 consists of a roller free to rotate on an axis capable of be oriented in different directions.

La figure 6 représente un exemple de réalisation du dispositif de percussion. Il est constitué d'un bras coudé 50, nanti à son extré- mite d'un tour 51 dans lequel un tenon 52 solidaire d'un érier 53 est enfilé jusqu'à butée de l'épaulement 54. L'étrier 53 porte un axe 55 autour duquel pivote une masse percutante 9, de petit diamètre, de faible masse et à bords arrondis pour ne pas blesser le ballon à l'impact.FIG. 6 represents an exemplary embodiment of the percussion device. It consists of a bent arm 50, endowed at its end with a turn 51 in which a lug 52 secured to a stirrup 53 is threaded until abutment of the shoulder 54. The stirrup 53 carries a axis 55 around which pivots a percussive mass 9, of small diameter, of small mass and with rounded edges so as not to injure the ball on impact.

Lorsque la masse percutante 9 heurte le ballon 5, mis en rotation par un des dispositifs de soutien précités, le mouvement de rotation n'est ralenti que d'une façon imperceptible si l'orientation de l'axe 55 est approximativement parallèle à celui du mouvement de rotation du ballon 5.When the percussive mass 9 strikes the ball 5, rotated by one of the aforementioned support devices, the rotational movement is slowed down only imperceptibly if the orientation of the axis 55 is approximately parallel to that of the ball rotation 5.

Le réglage de l'orientation de l'axe 55 est obtenu en faisant pivoter le tenon 52 dans le trou 51 du levier de percussion 50.The adjustment of the orientation of the axis 55 is obtained by rotating the pin 52 in the hole 51 of the percussion lever 50.

Après réglage, l'orientation de l'axe 55 est maintenue par un dispositif de fixation 56.After adjustment, the orientation of the axis 55 is maintained by a fixing device 56.

La trajectoire gauche du ballon peut aussi être obtenue en donnant à la masse percutante une rotation de sens convenable et de vitesse réglable selon l'effet recherché dans la trajectoire.The left trajectory of the ball can also be obtained by giving the striking mass a rotation of suitable direction and of adjustable speed according to the desired effect in the trajectory.

La figure 7 est un exemple de réalisation de cet autre procédé.Figure 7 is an exemplary embodiment of this other method.

Dans la figure 7, l'axe de rotation 55 de la masse percutante 9 est monté sur deux roulements à aiguilles 57 et présente un embout 58 sur lequel est enfilé un flexible 59 maintenu sur l'embout 58 par un dispositif de fixation 60.In FIG. 7, the axis of rotation 55 of the percussive mass 9 is mounted on two needle bearings 57 and has an end piece 58 on which is threaded a flexible hose 59 held on the end piece 58 by a fixing device 60.

Un moteur, non représenté, donne à la masse percutante 9 un mouvement de rotation dans le sens et à la vitesse désirée par l'intermédiaire du flexible 59 rendu solidaire de l'embout 58 par l'intermédiaire du dispositif de fixation 60.A motor, not shown, gives the striking mass 9 a rotational movement in the direction and at the desired speed by means of the hose 59 made integral with the endpiece 58 by means of the fixing device 60.

Pour ne pas contrarier le mouvement de rotation imprimé à la masse percutante 9, lors de l'impact avec le ballon en position d'envoi, celui-ci est tenu sur un dispositif de soutien, libre de pivoter selon un axe parallèle à l'axe 55 de la masse percutante 9.In order not to thwart the rotational movement imparted to the striking mass 9, upon impact with the ball in the sending position, the latter is held on a support device, free to pivot along an axis parallel to the axis 55 of the striking mass 9.

Selon une autre variante, non preprésentée, le mouvement de rotation peut être transmis à la masse percutante 9 par l'intermédiaire d'un train d'engrenages.According to another variant, not shown, the rotational movement can be transmitted to the striking mass 9 via a gear train.

Il est aussi possible, suivant une autre variante, non représentée, de monter une turbine sur l'axe 55 de la masse percutante 9 et d'actionner cetter dernière, en l'occurence, par de l'air comprimé.It is also possible, according to another variant, not shown, to mount a turbine on the axis 55 of the striking mass 9 and to actuate the latter, in this case, by compressed air.

Claims (8)

1. Installation for launching balloons by elastic shock by means of a percussion weight (9) guided along a path meeting a balloon (5) retained by a supporting device (4; 15, 16; 41; 42) capable of being driven in a rotary movement about an approximately vertical axis (1; 11, 12), characterised in that the percussion weight (9) is guided along a path approximately perpendicular to the axis of rotation (1; 11, 12) of the supporting device (4; 15,16; 41; 42), and In that the supporting device comprises a concave platform (4; 41; 42) or an end piece (16) of substantially smaller diameter than that of the balloon (6) and a balloon-retaining means making it possible, on the one hand, to drive the balloon In a rotary movement according to the axis of the supporting device and at the speed of the latter and, on the other hand, to eject the balloon In a direction perpendicular to the axis of the supporting device.
2. Installation for launching balloons according to Claim 1, characterised in that the means for retaining the balloon (5) in the axis of the supporting device is a suction device associated with the concave platform of small diameter (4; 41; 42) by means of a hollow shaft (1) equipped with at least one bearing (2) and provided with a transmission means (3) and a pipe (6,8) connected to a suction turbine.
3. Installation for launching balloons according to Claim 1, characterised in that the means for retaining the balloon (5) in the axis of the supporting device consists of a movable frame (19, 20, 21) having a centreing ring (10) and two coaxial rods (11, 12) which are located on either side of the balloon and onto which springs (17, 18) are strung, one of these rods (12), connected to a transmission means, being fixed to the end piece of small diameter (16) and the other rod (11) being provided with an end piece (15) of small dimension and pivoting freely, one of the springs (17) bearing on the frame (20) and on a thrust bearing (28) fixed to the rod (11) and being compressed when the frame descends, so as to exert the retaining force on the balloon, the other spring (12) supporting the arm (21) and maintaining the centreing ring (10) at a height convenient for putting the balloon in place.
4. Installation for launching balloons according to Claim 2, characterised in that the concave platform (41) is mounted on a ball-and- socket joint (37, 39) which is provided with holes (38, 40), connected respectively to the hollow shaft (1) and to the concave platform (41), and which is maintained in alignment by a spring (36) bearing on a shoulder (35) fixed to the hollow shaft (1) and on the lower face of the concave platform (41).
5. Installation for launching balloons according to Claim 2, characterised In that the concave platform (42) carries on its periphery a brush (43) lined with an elastic lamella (44).
6. Installation for launching balloons according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the supporting device (4; 15, 16; 41; 42, 43, 44) is adjustable in terms of height and inclination in relation to the percussion weight (9).
7. Installation for launching balloons according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the percussion weight (9) is movable about an axis perpendicular to its path.
8. Installation for launching balloons according to Claim 7, characterised in that the percussion weight (9) is driven to rotate by a motor device.
EP79200221A 1979-05-07 1979-05-07 Apparatus for launching balls Expired EP0018444B1 (en)

Priority Applications (12)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP79200221A EP0018444B1 (en) 1979-05-07 1979-05-07 Apparatus for launching balls
AT79200221T ATE2932T1 (en) 1979-05-07 1979-05-07 DEVICE FOR FIRING BALLS.
DE7979200221T DE2965129D1 (en) 1979-05-07 1979-05-07 Apparatus for launching balls
DK163080A DK163080A (en) 1979-05-07 1980-04-17 PROCEDURES FOR THE APPROVED BALL
SU802915153A SU1082306A3 (en) 1979-05-07 1980-05-05 Ball launching device
ES491158A ES8101394A1 (en) 1979-05-07 1980-05-05 Apparatus for launching balls.
BR8002747A BR8002747A (en) 1979-05-07 1980-05-05 BALL LAUNCH PROCESS AND INSTALLATION
MX182200A MX150693A (en) 1979-05-07 1980-05-06 IMPROVEMENTS TO A PROCEDURE AND APPARATUS FOR LAUNCHING A BALL WITH A PADDED PATH
DD80220917A DD150432A5 (en) 1979-05-07 1980-05-06 METHOD AND APPENDIX FOR THROWING A BALL
AR280906A AR224766A1 (en) 1979-05-07 1980-05-06 DEVICE FOR LAUNCHING BALLS
JP6047480A JPS55155667A (en) 1979-05-07 1980-05-07 Method and device for pitching ball
US06/281,863 US4523573A (en) 1979-05-07 1981-07-09 Apparatus for propelling an inflated ball

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP79200221A EP0018444B1 (en) 1979-05-07 1979-05-07 Apparatus for launching balls

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0018444A1 EP0018444A1 (en) 1980-11-12
EP0018444B1 true EP0018444B1 (en) 1983-04-06

Family

ID=8186286

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP79200221A Expired EP0018444B1 (en) 1979-05-07 1979-05-07 Apparatus for launching balls

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US4523573A (en)
EP (1) EP0018444B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS55155667A (en)
AR (1) AR224766A1 (en)
AT (1) ATE2932T1 (en)
BR (1) BR8002747A (en)
DD (1) DD150432A5 (en)
DE (1) DE2965129D1 (en)
DK (1) DK163080A (en)
ES (1) ES8101394A1 (en)
MX (1) MX150693A (en)
SU (1) SU1082306A3 (en)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5415150A (en) * 1993-09-07 1995-05-16 Dallas Tech Tools, Inc. Apparatus for projecting a ball
WO2004024246A1 (en) * 2002-09-11 2004-03-25 Kelly, Sandra Ball propelling machine
WO2005087328A1 (en) * 2004-03-12 2005-09-22 Realistic Pitching Machines Pty Ltd Ball propelling machine
FR2964324B1 (en) * 2010-09-03 2012-10-12 Stephane Darmon DEVICE FOR LAUNCHING BALLOONS
GB2518362A (en) * 2013-09-18 2015-03-25 Paul John Gainford New UK Patent Application in the name of Paul J Gainford "Ball Curler"
GB2574376A (en) * 2018-05-23 2019-12-11 Sport Tech Enterprise Ltd Sports Apparatus

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1336688A (en) * 1962-05-05 1963-09-06 Table tennis training machine
US3105683A (en) * 1962-08-10 1963-10-01 Hershel E Kimbrell Practice device
US3310312A (en) * 1964-04-30 1967-03-21 Maurice E Peeples Device for randomly ejecting articles
US3261340A (en) * 1964-09-24 1966-07-19 Roy C Laird Ball-pitching machine with trajectory-controlling means
US3635204A (en) * 1969-07-17 1972-01-18 Joseph H Plumb Jr Spring device for rotating and launching a projectile
US3878827A (en) * 1973-10-24 1975-04-22 Jr Joseph E Newgarden Table tennis ball serving apparatus
DE7433624U (en) * 1974-10-07 1975-02-13 Knoop H Soccer training device
US4026261A (en) * 1975-03-06 1977-05-31 Jo Paul Industries, Inc. Coacting wheels type football throwing device
CH614382A5 (en) * 1976-12-10 1979-11-30 Kurt Scheiwiller
US4335701A (en) * 1980-03-31 1982-06-22 Bozich Stan A Ball projecting apparatus with adjustable ball impact means

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AR224766A1 (en) 1982-01-15
ES491158A0 (en) 1980-12-16
SU1082306A3 (en) 1984-03-23
DD150432A5 (en) 1981-09-02
DE2965129D1 (en) 1983-05-11
BR8002747A (en) 1980-12-16
DK163080A (en) 1980-11-08
US4523573A (en) 1985-06-18
ATE2932T1 (en) 1983-04-15
EP0018444A1 (en) 1980-11-12
MX150693A (en) 1984-06-28
JPS55155667A (en) 1980-12-04
ES8101394A1 (en) 1980-12-16

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