EP0018356A1 - Method of moist stacking shaped articles, apparatus for carrying out this method, and covering for the shaped articles to be stacked in this apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Method of moist stacking shaped articles (5) consisting of gradually hardening, hydraulically compounded material as concrete in the course of which shaped articles applied in groups or single on underlays (2) are transported by a conveyor (4) immediately after moulding to a depot and are there stacked in longitudinal, parallel, abreast and superimposedly arranged hosts in a stack and stored until at least partially hardened, characterized by the fact that the hosts forming shaped articles (5) making up the stack (6) are within this stack enclosed in climatic chambers forming covers (Fig. 2-6) and that the directly superimposed hosts of shaped articles within this stack are applied on these covers.

Description

The invention initially relates to a method for wet stacking of molded articles from a gradually hardening, hydraulically bound material, such as concrete.

As is known, such moldings are usually stacked into stacks in the course of their industrial production and are left in these stacks until they have hardened sufficiently on base plates until they are removed from these base plates in the hardened state and brought to the finished goods store can be.

The quality of such moldings, in particular their strength, can be significantly improved by storing them in an air-conditioned atmosphere within the hardening phase. For this purpose, the moldings were introduced, for example, into so-called hardening chambers, the manufacture and operation of which, however, entail considerable costs.

It is also already known to guide the moldings after their production in a circulating process by means of a continuous conveyor through a closed structure, which as such embodies a large-scale climatic chamber, but this procedure and the system required for it are with even higher, the production burden Associated costs.

The object of the present invention is to develop a method which can be carried out with a comparatively low cost and with a minimum of mechanical equipment gene, but can be carried out largely automated and that does not require complex erection of halls and such structures, so can run undisturbed by the weather even outdoors.

Such a method, which can also be used outdoors, is already part of the prior art. The moldings lying individually or in groups on documents were brought to a storage location immediately after their formation by a conveyor and stored there in batches parallel to one another, lying next to and on top of one another in stacks until they had at least partially hardened . The stacking was carried out by a stacking conveyor equipped with a long goods gripper, to which a cross conveyor was assigned, which brought the freshly made moldings to the stacking conveyor, which took over these moldings in droves.

In this previously known method, however, the atmosphere to which the moldings were exposed was not in any way intended to be air-conditioned; rather, these moldings were fully exposed to the weather, provided that their piles were in the open, and their quality could be considerably lower Suffer.

The same applies to even more primitive systems, in which the documents loaded with freshly produced moldings were brought on a cable conveyor to stacks formed to the side of this conveyor and were stacked by a stacking conveyor which was movable along the cable conveyor and ran transversely to it. Even with this previously known system there was a climate Formation of the moldings during the hardening process is neither provided nor feasible.

In contrast, the present invention, which is based on a method of the known type mentioned at the outset, provides, according to its most important feature, that the moldings of the coulters forming a stack are enclosed within this cover in climatic chambers and the moldings which are next higher in the stack flocks are placed on these covers.

These covers can be dimensioned for individual moldings or their documents or also for a group of moldings in each case, but within the scope of the invention it is preferably contemplated to provide a common cover for a complete set of moldings.

The solution according to the invention provides numerous technical and economic advantages. In addition to the fact that the construction and maintenance of your own stationary climate chambers can be dispensed with, it is thanks to the covers, if they are designed to be sufficiently load-bearing, that much higher stacks than hitherto unhardened moldings can be formed and thus saving stack space; accordingly, the conveyance paths from the paver to the stack or from the stack to a storage facility are reduced.

Regardless of the fact that the method according to the invention can be used outdoors, that is to say no expensive halls and the like. Buildings need to be erected is an excellent quality of the moldings or finished products This can be guaranteed because the moldings remain undisturbed immediately after their manufacture until the end of the hardening phase and under permanently favorable climatic conditions in the atmosphere delimited by the cover, with in particular neither loss of moisture nor loss of setting heat.

However, the method according to the invention is also extremely economical with regard to the delivery services to be provided; The funding routes can be reduced to a minimum if the process steps are rationally coordinated with the necessary manipulations.

After the molded articles have hardened, their cover can be removed and immediately - in the area of the stack - can be reused to cover fresh molded articles before these freshly produced molded articles are fed into the stack and the hardened molded articles are removed.

It is also very advantageous that, within the scope of the method according to the invention, the picking up and depositing of the shaped coulters and the lifting and placing of the covers can be carried out one after the other by the same stack conveyor movable transversely to the longitudinal direction of the shaped coulters.

Advantageously, the moldings brought by the manufacturer to the pile of coulters are conveyed in a direction parallel to the coulter coulters already stored to one of the front sides of this stack, the individual coulters being freshly formed to form and complete the individual coulters finished moldings, documents that arrive one after the other in the area of this end face below a stack conveyor are collected and strung together and then placed on the stack as a complete sheet.

• Diese Anlage ist gekennzeichnet durch einen Formlings-Ferti= ger mit einem ihm zugeordneten Zubringer für die mit frisch geformten Formlingen zu belegenden Unterlagen und einen die damit belegten Unterlagen zum Scharen-Stapel fördernden Förderer, welcher zu einer unterhalb des mit einem Langgut- Greifer ausgestatteten Stapel-Förderers gelegenen, im Be= reich einer der Stirnseiten des Stapels angeordneten Sammel= stelle führt und dort die nacheinander eintreffenden Unter= lagen zu quer zum Förderweg dieses Stapel-Förderers verlau= fenden Scharen satt aneinanderreiht.

In connection with the method according to the invention, the invention also extends to a system for carrying it out:

• This system is characterized by a shaped manufac turer with a feeder assigned to it for the documents to be covered with freshly formed moldings and a conveyor which conveys the documents to the stack of coulters, which leads to a stack below the stack equipped with a long goods gripper -Conveyor located in the area of one of the end faces of the stack leads there and the documents arriving one after the other are lined up with coulters which run transversely to the conveying path of this stack conveyor.

Likewise below the stack conveyor is a transfer point at which a conveyor, which also runs transversely to the conveying path of this stack conveyor and serves to transport away hardened moldings and separates their documents, is provided, which documents these documents from a stacking device which removes these moldings or the documents emptied in this way feeds the molding machine as feeder for reuse.

The proximity of the collection point to the takeover point has the advantage that the covers can be reused requires only little effort: at the takeover point, they are removed from the fully hardened moldings and placed on the freshly manufactured moldings at the neighboring collection point.

Further features of such a system are explained below with reference to drawings.

Understandably, such a system also includes the covers already mentioned which form climatic chambers and with which the freshly produced, not yet hardened moldings can be covered either individually, in groups or — preferably — in groups.

The invention also extends to the formation of such covers; This training is also explained below for the sake of better comprehensibility with reference to the drawings. It is advantageous to equip these covers with heat-insulating and moisture-tight walls in order to prevent heat losses or moisture losses and to allow the covers to be fully effective as climatic chambers.

• Figur 1 eine Draufsicht auf die Anlage in einer schematischen Darstellung, die
• Figur 2 ist eine Seitenansicht bzw. ein Teilschnitt eines aus Formlings-Scharen gebildeten Stapels mit den zugehörigen Abdeckungen, die
• Figur 3 ist eine Längsansicht, bzw. teilweise ein Längsschnitt einer einzelnen mit Formlingen belegten Unterlage und der auf diese Formlinge aufgesetzten Abdeckung; die
• Figuren 3 bis 6 schließlich zeigen in schematischen Quer= schnitten weitere Ausführungsvarianten von Abdeckungen.

In the drawings, the

• Figure 1 is a plan view of the system in a schematic representation
• FIG. 2 is a side view or a partial section of a stack formed from shaped pieces with the associated covers
• FIG. 3 is a longitudinal view, or partially a longitudinal section, of an individual base covered with moldings and the cover placed on these moldings; the
• Finally, FIGS. 3 to 6 show in schematic cross sections further versions of covers.

According to Figure 1, a preform 1 of any arbitrary, known type is provided, which the preforms on documents 2, e.g. wooden pallets, manufactures and stores, which are brought to him by a feeder 3. A conveyor 4 brings the freshly formed moldings 5 on their documents 2 to the pile stack, which is generally designated 6. This conveyor 4 leads to a collection point 9 below the stacking conveyor 7, which is equipped with a long goods gripper (not shown, known per se), which can be moved along the rails 8. This stacking conveyor 7 can equally be a gantry crane or also a traveling crane that can be moved along high rails, in any case any type suitable as a stacking conveyor.

The collection point 9 is located below the stack conveyor 7 in the area of one of the end faces of the stack of shares 6. At this collection point 9, the documents 2 arriving there one after the other with the fresh moldings 5 located thereon are lined up to form loads, which crosswise run to the rails 8 of the stacking conveyor.7. This stacking conveyor 7 can in each case grasp a complete set of documents with moldings located there with its long goods gripper, lift them, convey them to the stack 6 and place them on this stack.

For the sake of simplicity, neither the individual moldings nor their covers are shown in stack 6.

Likewise below the stack conveyor 7 there is also a takeover point, generally designated 10, at which a conveyor 11, which also runs transversely to the rails 8 of the conveyor 7 and serves to transport away hardened moldings 5 ′ and separates their documents 2, is provided, which brings these documents 2 to a stacking device ₁₂ which removes these moldings 5 'or the documents 2 thus discharged to the paver 1 for reuse. The stacking device ₁ 2 forms - as usual - stacks of the finished moldings for the purpose of storage or transportation. The not apparent from Figure 1 _. Invention-essential covers are - only for example - illustrated in Figures 2 and 3 and consist of a steel frame, which is equipped on the inside with wall-forming insulating = plates 14 and embodies a hood open at the bottom, which on the documents 2, for example on a Pallet, which carries the molding or a group or a group of moldings, can be placed.

The frame 13 of such a cover is sufficiently load-bearing so that it can be stacked to a considerable height, as shown in FIG. 2, with a number of other documents loaded with moldings 5 and which in turn have covers. The frame 13 of the cover can also be provided with supports 13 'in order to allow the next higher support 2 to be supported in a solid and non-slip manner; if necessary, the supports ₁₃ 'can cooperate in a form-fitting manner with the supports of the covers located above or below in order to completely rule out a risk of slipping. The uppermost open frame can optionally be closed with an empty base 2 'or another plate to provide a cover.

• Grundsätzlich könnte ein solche Abdeckung aus einem trag= fähigen Rahmen allein bestehen, wobei die Klimakammer im Stapel jeweils durch di.e oberhalb und unterhalb eines solchen Rahmens zu liegen kommenden Unterlagen 2 der Formlinge be= grenzt und abgeschlossen würde; lediglich die im Stapel oberste Kammer bedürfte dann an ihrer offenen Oberseite eines plattenförmigen Elementes zum Abschluß (Figur 2), bei den übrigen Scharen würde sich der Abschluß allein durch. die Unterlagen der jeweils im Stapel benachbarten Formlings-Scharen von selbst ergeben.

With regard to the design of the covers, there are many possibilities open within the scope of the invention, only a few of which are illustrated in FIGS. 4 to 6, for example:

• In principle, such a cover could consist of a stable frame alone, the climatic chamber in the stack being limited and completed by documents 2 of the moldings to be placed above and below such a frame; only the uppermost chamber in the stack would then need a plate-shaped element at the open top (Figure 2), with the remaining coulters the closure would be done by itself. the documents of the mold coulters adjacent to each other in the stack result automatically.

On the other hand, it is also conceivable to form the cover from a load-bearing hood which is closed at the top and on the top of which the underlays of the next highest group of moldings can be removed.

Finally, within the scope of the invention, the cover could consist of a load-bearing hood which is closed at the top and on the top of which the documents of the next higher group of moldings can be removed.

Furthermore, in the context of the invention, the cover could also cover one of the storage and transport of the molded articles 5 serving underlay are embodied, which is itself designed as a hood or trough, that is to say has side walls which close the intermediate space to a similarly designed underlay plate and delimit a climatic chamber.

In all of these cases, a cover according to the invention fulfills an original and technically valuable double function: on the one hand, it acts as a solid spacer and as a stacking aid for the stacked documents, while securing the moldings against pressure loads, and on the other hand, it limits a closed, as Climate = chamber for these moldings usable cavity.

In detail, FIG. 4 shows a cover which consists of a frame formed by upright profiles 14, which has support 14 'for an overlying, moldings 5 supporting base 2, which loosely closes the open top of the frame and thus the frame as Cover takes effect. The next lower support 2 with the moldings 5 located thereon is located in the climate chamber formed thereby.

FIG. 5 shows in principle a hood-shaped cover ₁₅ , for example made of synthetic resin, on the flat upper side of which the base 2 of the next higher group of moldings 5 can be removed.

Finally, FIG. 6 shows a cover which is also hood-shaped, in which the base 2 itself embodies part of the cover and carries on its underside firmly connected profiles 16 which, together with the base 2 as a frame, serve as a climate chamber for the Enclose moldings 5 suitable space. These profiles ₁ 6 can also be equipped with suitable supports 13 'to facilitate stacking.

Likewise, such documents could also form a trough with the open side facing upwards, the profiles being connected to the top of the underlay.

Of course, the details of the invention can be modified in many ways and can be expanded without departing from the basic idea. For example, stacks 6 of moldings can be arranged on both sides of the collecting point 9 and the takeover point 10 and can be fed by a common stacking conveyor 7.

• Die im Fertiger 1 fertiggestellten, aber noch nicht erhärteten Formlinge 5, z.B. einzelne Formlinge, in Einzelelemente teil= bare Formlinge oder Formlingsgruppen, werden auf den vom Zubringer 3 zugeführten Unterlagen 2 abgesetzt und vom För= derer 4 in den Bereich der Sammelstelle 9 gebracht, wo sie satt mit den Kanten der Unterlagen 2 aneinanderliegen und solcherart eine geschlossene Schar von Unterlagen 2 mit darauf liegenden Formlingen 5 bilden.

The sequence of the method according to the invention in the context of the illustrated and explained system results as follows:

• The moldings 5 finished in the paver 1, but not yet hardened, for example individual moldings divided into individual elements = bare moldings or groups of moldings, are deposited on the documents 2 supplied by the feeder 3 and brought by the conveyor 4 into the area of the collection point 9, where they lie snugly against one another with the edges of the documents 2 and thus form a closed group of documents 2 with molded articles 5 lying thereon.

As soon as such a coulter is completed, the long goods gripper of the stacking conveyor 7 detects in the takeover point 10 the cover (not shown) (FIGS. 2 to 6) of a coulter of already hardened moldings 5 ', covers with this cover the one just completed in the collection point 9 Group of freshly made, not yet hardened logo CNRS logo INIST ter moldings 5 and then sets the covered coulter at a predetermined location of the coulter stack 6.

In the meantime, the conveyor 11 conveys the documents 2 with the hardened moldings 5 'resting thereon from the takeover point 10, one after the other, to the stacking device 12, which removes the moldings 5' from the documents 2 and stacks them outside the conveyor path of the conveyor 11, for removal provides or loads. The unloaded documents 2 are conveyed on by the conveyor ₁ 1 and are returned to the paver-1 via the feeder 3 for reuse.

Now, the stacking conveyor 7 detects a new on their undersides = 2 were dormant group of preforms 5 which is already hardened in the flocks stack 6 and brings this flock together with their cover into the take-over station ₁ 0 onto the conveyor. 11

During this time, the documents 2 supplied by the paver 1 and covered with freshly produced moldings 5 collect into a new group and the processes described above are repeated.

Claims (12)

1. A method for wet stacking of molded articles from a gradually hardening, hydraulically bound material, such as concrete, where the molded articles placed individually or in groups on supports are brought from a conveyor to a storage location immediately after they have been formed, and there in longitudinally running directions to one another parallel, adjacent and one above the other = lying coulters are stored in a stack until they have at least partially hardened, characterized in that the moldings of the coulters forming the stack are enclosed within this stack in covers forming climatic chambers and the next higher ones in the stack Shaped coulters are placed on these covers. 2. The method according to claim ₁ , characterized in that after hardening of the moldings of a coulter their cover abge = lifted and reused to cover fresh moldings, and that then the coulter of fresh moldings is fed to the stack and the coulter of hardened moldings is removed. 3. The method according to claim ₁ or 2, characterized in that the picking up and depositing of the coulters and the = lifting and placing the covers of one and the same transverse to the longitudinal direction of the coulters movable stack conveyor = which is carried out in succession. 4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the moldings supplied by the manufacturer of the pile of bricks are conveyed in a direction parallel to the already stored bricks of bricks to one of the end faces of this stack, the formation of and completion of the individual bricks with each occupied fresh moldings, after documents arriving in the area of this end face below the stacking conveyor are collected and lined up together and then placed on the stack as a complete sheet. 5. Plant for performing the method according to claims ₁ to 4, characterized by a molding machine (1) with a feeder assigned to it (3) for the freshly formed moldings (5) to be documented (2) and one with it Documented documents (2) for the stack (6) conveying conveyor (4), which leads to a collection point (below the stack conveyor (7) equipped with a long goods gripper) which is arranged in the area of one of the end faces of the stack (6). 9) leads and there the documents (2) arriving one after the other are arranged in rows to run across the conveying path of this stack conveyor (7). 6. Plant according to claim 5, characterized by a likewise below the stack conveyor (7) located takeover point (10), at which a transversely to the conveying path of this stack = conveyor (7), the hardened formlin = ge (5 ') ) serving and their documents' (2) individual conveyor (11) is provided, which documents (2) a stack device (12 ') which removes these moldings (5') or the documents (2) unloaded in this way for reuse of the moldings Finisher ( ₁ ) feeds via a feeder (3). 7. Plant according to claim 5 or 6, characterized by climate = chamber-forming covers (Figure 2 to 6) with which the fresh, not yet hardened moldings (5) individually, in groups = or - preferably - in droves can be covered. 8. Cover for the moldings to be stacked in a system according to claim 7, characterized in that they or the like from a load-bearing frame ( ₁ 3), trough. there is at least one plate-shaped element (2, 2 '), preferably the underlays (2) of a respective next higher group of moldings (5) of the stack (6) on which open top can be placed (Fig. 4 ). 9. Cover according to claim 8, characterized in that the upright profiles ( ₁ 3) or the like. existing frame supports (13 '), eg settlements, flanges or the like. to support or prevent slipping of the plate-shaped elements or underlays (2) (FIG. 4). 10. Cover for stacking in a system according to claim 7 = the moldings, characterized in that it consists of a supporting = capable, closed top hood (15), on the top of which the documents (2) each have a next higher group of moldings (5) of the stack are removable (Fig. 5). 11. Cover according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that it is embodied by one of the storage and transport of the moldings (5,5 ') serving for this purpose and designed as a hood or trough base plate (2) itself (Fig .6), 12. Cover according to one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that it has heat-insulating walls ( ₁ 4) or wall parts (Fig. 6).

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