EP0015699A1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Feueranzündern - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Feueranzündern Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0015699A1
EP0015699A1 EP19800300551 EP80300551A EP0015699A1 EP 0015699 A1 EP0015699 A1 EP 0015699A1 EP 19800300551 EP19800300551 EP 19800300551 EP 80300551 A EP80300551 A EP 80300551A EP 0015699 A1 EP0015699 A1 EP 0015699A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
composition
fire
combustible filler
filler material
hot
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP19800300551
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Andrew Cooper Ball
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kenco Chemicals (Bolton) Ltd
Original Assignee
Kenco Chemicals (Bolton) Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kenco Chemicals (Bolton) Ltd filed Critical Kenco Chemicals (Bolton) Ltd
Publication of EP0015699A1 publication Critical patent/EP0015699A1/de
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L11/00—Manufacture of firelighters
    • C10L11/04—Manufacture of firelighters consisting of combustible material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L11/00—Manufacture of firelighters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to fire-lighters and to methods of manufacturing them.
  • the type of fire-lighter which has been in most general use up to the present time is the so-called white type which utilises an oil in water emulsion which is caused to set by the use of a catalyst.
  • the setting time can be fairly rapid and the fire-lighters can hence be readily manufactured in quantity.
  • the quantity of paraffin utilised makes these white fire-lirhters relatively expensive.
  • brown type which utilise a soap in oil emulsion or gel, the soap being made by the reaction of caustic soda and stearic acid.
  • the emulsion or gel is used to bind together various additives including combustible filler material.
  • the reaction between the caustic soda and the stearic acid takes place at a fairly high temperature, usually in excess of 160 0 F. This means that when the mixture is poured into moulds it has a fairly long setting time, since it has to cool down, so the manufacturing rate is significantly lower than that of white fire-lighters.
  • the invention provides a method of manufacturing fire-lighters, comprising the steps of forming a hot fire-lighter composition which cools when set, cooling or allowing the composition to cool to a temperature which is above its setting temperature, and then adding combustible filler material to the composition.
  • the combustible filler material By keeping the combustible filler material separate from the hot composition while the composition cools, there is no retardant effect on the cooling of the composition, and so the composition cools more quickly than in known processes. Furthermore, the combustible filler material, or other additives, may be chilled before they are mixed with the composition, thereby further accelerating cooling to the setting temperature.
  • the method according to the invention has been developed for use with hot compositions comprising soap in paraffin emulsions or gels, but the method is also effective to increase production rates with any fire-lighter composition which must go through a hot stage followed by a cooling stage.
  • Other hot compositions may include tars, waxes, and other wax-like materials, stearine and other chemical residues, atactic polypropylene and other plastics wastes.
  • the combustible filler material may be a carbonaceous material such as wood flour.
  • Other materials may be used as an alternative or in addition, for example sawdust, sander dust, cork, peat, paper, bark, nut shells, husks, straw, lignite, coal, coke, solid smokeless fuels, carbonaceous residues.
  • the filler may be in the form of particles,or pellets, or granules deriving therefrom.
  • one or more inorganic materials may be added, to reduce cost, modify weight or performance and/or to assist further in cooling of the composition by being chilled, e.g. felspar, chalk, limestone, sand, talc, fuller's earth, bentonite, Fly ash, fillite, perlite, vermiculite, mica, calcium carbonate, or sodium bicarbonate.
  • inorganic materials e.g. felspar, chalk, limestone, sand, talc, fuller's earth, bentonite, Fly ash, fillite, perlite, vermiculite, mica, calcium carbonate, or sodium bicarbonate.
  • one hundred and sixty five gallons of paraffin are placed in a steam-jacketed pan 10 and steam is supplied to the jacket to heat the paraffin to a temperature of substantially 150°F.
  • Fifteen gallons of molten stearic acid are then added to the pan and the mixture is agitated using paddles 11 rotating at about one hundred and fifty revolutions per minute.
  • Three gallons of 47% W/W caustic soda and eleven gallons of water are then added and the mixture is agitated for a further minute, during which the temperature rises to substantially 170°F and a gel forms.
  • the gel comprises an emulsion or sol of soap in the paraffin, the soap having been formed by the reaction of the caustic soda and the stearic acid.
  • the gel is pumped from the pan 10 by a pump 12 to a heat exchanger 13. Water flows through the heat exchanger 13 via pipes 14, cooling the gel to a temperature which is just above its setting temperature, the setting temperature being substantially 140°F.
  • This mixing head comprises a T-shaped pipe section having arms 16 and 17 and a downwardly extending leg 18.
  • the gel is pumped through the arm 16 towards the leg 18 and at the same time a predetermined quantity of filler materials is driven through the arm 17 by a metering screw 19.
  • the filler materials are chilled by bleeding a cooling agent into the materials through a pipe 20.
  • the gel and the filler materials meet at the upper end of the leg 18 and then pass down the leg. During their.passage down the leg 18 they are mixed by paddles 21 driven by a motor 22 mounted on the top of the mixing head.
  • the chilled filler materials bring the gel substantially down to its setting temperature and when the complete fire-lighter mixture emerges from the lower end of the leg 18 and passes into a mould device 23, setting takes place almost immediately.
  • the cooling agent may be such that it vaporises and disperses so that it does not affect the composition of the final mixture. It may for example comprise particles of solid C0 2 .
  • the filler materials comprise combustible filler materials such as wood flour, and inert filler materials may also be included such as sand.
  • the temperature to which the filler materials are cooled is chosen in dependence upon the quantity of filler materials added per batch of gel, and the specific heat of the filler materials.
  • the mould device 23 may comprise any conventional form of mould device.
  • the mould device may comprise a plurality of small moulds which can be passed under the leg 18 or otherwise positioned so that each mould receives a charge of the fire-lighter composition.
  • the use of small moulds will further decrease the setting ; time.
  • the moulded items may already be of convenient size so that there is no need to cut the moulded product on wires or blades, or mould it wi.th.breakoff points as with conventional fire-lighters.
  • the advantage of this is that the filler materials may include coarse fibrous materials. It is not convenient to include coarse fibrous materials in mixtures which must be subsequently cut since the fibres tend to build up on the cutting devices very quickly making them too thick to cut effectively. Furthermore it is not convenient to use coarse fibrous materials in a mixture which is to be moulded with breakoff points, since the fibrous materials tend to hinder the breaking off of one fire-lighter from a stock of fire-lighters forming part of the same block.
  • the moulds may be arranged on a flat bed, or on a circular drum, or in any other convenient way. If desired, the moulds themselves may be cooled.
  • Kerosine and stearine are respectively fed through pipes 24 and 25 at controlled rates to a closed steam-jacketed vessel 26, where they are mixed at a temperature of substantially 160 0 F by a paddle 27.
  • the mixture is then fed to a second closed steam-jacketed vessel 28, to which caustic soda and water are added at a controlled rate through pipes 29 and 30 respectively.
  • the contents of the second chamber 28 rise and are mixed by paddle 31 during rising, and by the time the mixture has reached the top of chamber 28 it has gelled and then overflows to the pump 12 and the heat exchanger 13.
  • Figure 3 shows yet another embodiment, in which the contents of a kerosine and stearine tank 32 and a caustic soda and water tank 33 are fed separately to a mixer tank 34.
  • the tanks 32 and 34 may be closed or fitted with reflux condensers.
  • the pump 12 is connected to a two way valve 35 so that mixture may be supplied through pipe 36 when required or can be recirculated to tank 34.
  • the pipe 36 leads to a wide throat mono pump 37 and the throat of the pump may also be supplied with filler 38.
  • the filler is stored in a hopper 39 having a sluice gate.
  • the bottom of the hopper comprises a belt conveyor 40 arranged to feed filler to the throat of the pump 37. Vibratory feed to the belt may be provided.
  • Typical flow rates may be as follows:-
  • any known continuous moulding technique may be applied to the mixture issuing from the apparatus.
  • continuous strip moulding, slat moulding, or extrusion may be employed.
  • moulding may for example be carried out on a moving belt, individual fire-lighters being cut off from the continuously moulded product by a flying knife. A plurality of moulds on a roundabout may be used.
  • the cooling agent bleed pipe 20 may be replaced by another heat exchanger, so that the cooling agent remains separate. Means may be provided to cool the filler fed to the pump 37 in Figure 3, before reaching the pump.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
EP19800300551 1979-03-02 1980-02-26 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Feueranzündern Ceased EP0015699A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB7907472 1979-03-02
GB7907472 1979-03-02

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0015699A1 true EP0015699A1 (de) 1980-09-17

Family

ID=10503575

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19800300551 Ceased EP0015699A1 (de) 1979-03-02 1980-02-26 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Feueranzündern

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0015699A1 (de)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0036783A2 (de) * 1980-03-26 1981-09-30 Kenco Chemicals (Bolton) Limited Feueranzünder
EP0047125A2 (de) * 1980-09-01 1982-03-10 Reckitt And Colman Products Limited Brennbare Mischungen, Feueranzünder, Barbecueanzünder und Brennblocks
EP0047123A2 (de) * 1980-09-01 1982-03-10 Reckitt And Colman Products Limited Brennbare Mischungen, Feueranzünder, Barbecueanzünder und Brennblocks
US5149644A (en) * 1989-12-27 1992-09-22 Pcd Polymere Gesellschaft M.B.H. Process for the release of poly(3-hydroxy carboxylic acids)
WO2001016259A1 (de) * 1999-08-27 2001-03-08 SCHÜMANN SASOL GmbH Brennbare masse
DE10021953B4 (de) * 1999-08-27 2011-10-27 SCHÜMANN SASOL GmbH Brennbare Masse

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB569709A (en) * 1943-09-10 1945-06-05 George Jerome Luzzatto Improvements in firelighters
GB608062A (en) * 1946-02-14 1948-09-09 William Edward Lord Improvements in or relating to firelighters
GB635696A (en) * 1946-12-12 1950-04-12 Archie Edward Aldous Improvements relating to fire lighters

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB569709A (en) * 1943-09-10 1945-06-05 George Jerome Luzzatto Improvements in firelighters
GB608062A (en) * 1946-02-14 1948-09-09 William Edward Lord Improvements in or relating to firelighters
GB635696A (en) * 1946-12-12 1950-04-12 Archie Edward Aldous Improvements relating to fire lighters

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0036783A2 (de) * 1980-03-26 1981-09-30 Kenco Chemicals (Bolton) Limited Feueranzünder
EP0036783A3 (en) * 1980-03-26 1982-02-03 Kenco Chemicals (Bolton) Limited Firelighters
EP0047125A2 (de) * 1980-09-01 1982-03-10 Reckitt And Colman Products Limited Brennbare Mischungen, Feueranzünder, Barbecueanzünder und Brennblocks
EP0047123A2 (de) * 1980-09-01 1982-03-10 Reckitt And Colman Products Limited Brennbare Mischungen, Feueranzünder, Barbecueanzünder und Brennblocks
EP0047123A3 (en) * 1980-09-01 1982-09-15 Reckitt And Colman Products Limited Combustible compositions, firelighters, barbeque starters and firelogs
EP0047125A3 (en) * 1980-09-01 1982-09-22 Reckitt And Colman Products Limited Combustible compositions, firelighters, barbeque starters and firelogs
US5149644A (en) * 1989-12-27 1992-09-22 Pcd Polymere Gesellschaft M.B.H. Process for the release of poly(3-hydroxy carboxylic acids)
WO2001016259A1 (de) * 1999-08-27 2001-03-08 SCHÜMANN SASOL GmbH Brennbare masse
DE10021953B4 (de) * 1999-08-27 2011-10-27 SCHÜMANN SASOL GmbH Brennbare Masse

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2298846A (en) Wax-polymer blend manufacture
EP0015699A1 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Feueranzündern
MY165461A (en) Apparatus and method for pelletizing wax and wax-like materials
US2020403A (en) Process for producing mineral fiber
DE69722965T2 (de) Isolationsmaterial
EP0152637B1 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung von Körpern
US1702730A (en) Wall product and apparatus for and method of making same
US4133669A (en) Process for pelletizing a sulphur-bentonite clay mixture and the product formed thereby
GB2045799A (en) Fire-lighters and method of manufacturing them
US4569859A (en) Process for forming prill for sulphur and bentonite
EP0036783A2 (de) Feueranzünder
CA1107959A (en) Charging fuel into agglomerates for gasification of coal using binder which hardens when heated
US2666948A (en) Apparatus for the manufacture of plastic explosive pellets
US4532272A (en) Creation and maintenance of the bed of a particle form evaporator
US3440072A (en) Cartridge wad and process for the manufacture thereof
RU2132835C1 (ru) Способ получения безавтоклавного особо легкого бетона на цементном вяжущем
US3776992A (en) Method for producing sleeves or sheets for feeder heads formed in metal casting and an apparatus therefor
US2320971A (en) Method of making explosives
US3814789A (en) Process for compacting fluorspar for metallurgical use
US1603961A (en) Process for the production of briquetted fuel with asphaltic bitumens as binders
SU806701A1 (ru) Гранулированна композици на основегидРООКиСи КАльци и СпОСОб ЕЕпОлучЕНи
US1790356A (en) Solid fttel
US2036642A (en) Solid fuel briquette and method of making the same
US1872202A (en) Method of making calcium carbide
JP3179540B2 (ja) プラスチックの溶融方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR IT LU NL SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19810311

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN REFUSED

18R Application refused

Effective date: 19830911

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: BALL, ANDREW COOPER