EP0011741B1 - Sealing ring for well-heads - Google Patents

Sealing ring for well-heads Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0011741B1
EP0011741B1 EP79104363A EP79104363A EP0011741B1 EP 0011741 B1 EP0011741 B1 EP 0011741B1 EP 79104363 A EP79104363 A EP 79104363A EP 79104363 A EP79104363 A EP 79104363A EP 0011741 B1 EP0011741 B1 EP 0011741B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sealing ring
ring
screw
metal
walls
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP79104363A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0011741A1 (en
Inventor
Peer Ing. Grad Tiemer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cameron Iron Works GmbH
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Cameron Iron Works GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19792916436 external-priority patent/DE2916436A1/en
Application filed by Cameron Iron Works GmbH filed Critical Cameron Iron Works GmbH
Priority to AT79104363T priority Critical patent/ATE1298T1/en
Publication of EP0011741A1 publication Critical patent/EP0011741A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0011741B1 publication Critical patent/EP0011741B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/02—Surface sealing or packing
    • E21B33/03—Well heads; Setting-up thereof
    • E21B33/04—Casing heads; Suspending casings or tubings in well heads
    • E21B33/047—Casing heads; Suspending casings or tubings in well heads for plural tubing strings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/02—Surface sealing or packing
    • E21B33/03—Well heads; Setting-up thereof
    • E21B33/04—Casing heads; Suspending casings or tubings in well heads
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B2200/00—Special features related to earth drilling for obtaining oil, gas or water
    • E21B2200/01—Sealings characterised by their shape

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sealing ring for pipe strings of oil or gas wells, in particular for sealing the passage points of hydraulic lines through the wall of pipes, hangers or the like against borehole fluids and gases.
  • shut-off devices To control these shut-off devices, it is also known to provide hydraulic systems in the drilling rig or corresponding places and to connect them with hydraulic lines to the shut-off devices arranged inside the pipes (US Pat. No. 3,739,846). These hydraulic lines are usually led through the walls in the area of the hangers, hanger nipples or delivery pipes. Such a hydraulic line has e.g. the task of opening the shut-off device, which is kept locked in the idle state, by supplying high pressure for the operating case and, in the event of impermissible operating states, in the conveying production probe or the downstream systems, e.g. Pressure, temperature and level sensors release the hydraulic pressure and thereby close the underground safety valve installed in the delivery pipe. In the event of damage in which the hydraulic system or the hydraulic line would be destroyed, the underground safety valve also closes.
  • the invention has for its object to avoid this disadvantage and to provide a seal that has to withstand even the greatest pressures even over a long period of time. This object is achieved by the features mentioned in the characterizing part of claim 1 in a sealing ring according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention also ensures that the seal withstands temperature and pressure fluctuations and / or chemical influences even over long periods of time.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overall system with an earth hole 1 with two outer tube tours (casing) 2, 2a is shown, which are sealed against the wall of the earth hole 1 by cement or the like. That the. Interiors of the two pipe tours 2, 2a in the underground area have no connection with each other. Above the surface of the earth is with the outer tube tour via a bottom flange 3 a wellhead B connected. The bottom flange is fastened to the outer pipe 2 and at the same time carries the inner pipe 2a of the two outer pipes 2, 2a by means of wedges 4.
  • a delivery pipe 5 is fastened in a delivery pipe suspension device 6 by means of a hanger or hanger nipple 8 suspended in shoulders 7.
  • a sealing ring 9 is provided above the device 6, through which a hydraulic line 10 running within the pipe system is simultaneously guided and sealed to the outside.
  • the line 10 is connected to a hydraulic system H outside the ring 9. From the sealing ring 9, the line 10 initially runs inside the wall of the trailer 8. From a lower outlet on the trailer, the line 10 runs down next to the outer wall of the delivery pipe 5 to the position of a safety valve V arranged inside the delivery pipe 5, with which it is connected through the wall of the conveyor tube 5.
  • a wellhead is shown schematically in FIG.
  • the base flange 3 On the outer tube tour (casing) 2 in the earth hole 1, the base flange 3 is mounted, in which a further tube tour (casing) 2a is suspended and sealed in the wedges 4.
  • the hanger nipple 8 into which the actual conveyor tube (tubing) 5 is screwed, hangs on special shoulders 7, cones or the like.
  • the sealing ring 9 has the task of preventing a pressure transfer from the delivery pipe 5 into the outer pipe tours 2 and of guiding the hydraulic pressure out of the hydraulic line 10 out of the radial bore 10a of the trailer nipple. Difficulties arise due to the non-flat surfaces.
  • FIG. 3 shows the ring 9 in more detail.
  • a hanger nipple 8 or a pipe 5 has the hydraulic line 10 in its wall or separately in its interior. At the point of passage through the pipe wall, this line either ends entirely or - as shown - as a branch - in a groove 11 which is formed around the outside of the pipe. In the area adjacent to the groove 11, the tube 5 or the hanger 8 is smooth or has no step and groove.
  • the sealing ring 9 is placed around this area of the groove 11 and the adjacent smooth surface.
  • the hydraulic line 10 is guided through this sealing ring to the outside by means of one or more channels.
  • a space 12 is formed in which two metal rings 13, 14 serving for sealing are made of a material such as soft iron, copper, bronze, aluminum, lead or the like, which is soft relative to the tube 5 or hanger 8.
  • These metal rings 13. 14 are wedge-shaped and arranged within the space 12 so that their wedge tips 15 are pressed into a gap 16 between the wall of the ring 9 and tube 5 and completely close and seal this gap.
  • the tips are directed away from the groove because this arrangement has proven to be advantageous, because the liquid under high pressure also exerts pressure in the same direction and therefore improves the seal during operation.
  • two pressure rings 17, 18 are arranged so that they engage with their pressure surfaces behind corresponding surfaces of the metal rings 13, 14 and can move these metal rings 13, 14 parallel to the surface of the tube 5 in the direction of the gap 16.
  • a screw 19 mounted in the ring 9 and accessible from the outside of the ring 9 with a conical or frustoconical working head 20 is used to shift the pressure rings 17, 18 and thus the metal rings 13, 14. Screws of this shape are used as tie-down - or hold-down screws.
  • the space 12 between the tube 5 and the ring 9 is designed as a chamber which is formed on the one hand by the opposing surfaces of the inner wall of the ring 9 and the outer wall of the tube 5 and on the other hand by an annular wall projection 23 of the sealing ring 9 and a screw ring 24 .
  • the screw ring 24 is screwed into the ring 9 when the metal rings 13, 14 and the pressure rings 17, 18 are inserted.
  • the screw ring 24 When using a screw ring 24, it has proven to be advantageous to arrange a further metal ring 25 between the screw ring 24 and the wall of the ring 9 in addition to the two wedge-shaped metal rings shown in FIG. 1, in addition to the two wedge-shaped metal rings shown in FIG. 1, the wedge tip 26 penetrates into a gap 27 provided at this point.
  • the screw ring 24 is provided with two gap surfaces, the inclination of which corresponds to the inclination of the bevelled surfaces of the metal rings. Angles between 5 ° and 25 °, preferably around 13 °, have proven to be suitable as the angle of inclination for the wedge surfaces relative to the tube wall.
  • FIG. 4 shows a modification of the arrangement of the metal rings 14, 25 in FIG. 3. These two metal rings 14, 25 are combined according to FIG. 4 to form a single metal ring 28 with a U-shaped cross section in the direction of the screw ring 24.
  • the U-shaped cross section has two outer parallel surfaces (parallel to the axis or to the wall of the tube 5) and two inner surfaces beveled to form a wedge.
  • the outer and inner surfaces together are adapted to the shape of the screw ring 24 so that a displacement of the two metal ring parts relative to the screw ring is possible.
  • FIG. 5 shows a modification of the sealing ring according to FIG. 2, in which the adjustment of the metal rings is also possible, but in which this adjustment is done by screws 29. which are parallel to the pipe axis.
  • a modification is shown in which a one-sided pipe sealing is only done by a metal ring 14.
  • a closure of the chamber 12 by a screw ring per se is not necessary.
  • a screw ring 30 is provided, which however is not particularly to be sealed.
  • the invention is not limited to the described use of sealing cable bushings on trailer nipples. It can be used wherever seals have to be made on surfaces that are cylindrical and therefore have no jumps or shoulders.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Abdichtring für Rohrstränge von Erdöl- oder Erdgasbohrungen, insbesondere zur Abdichtung der Durchtrittsstellen von Hydraulikleitungen durch die Wandung von Rohren, Hängern oder dgl. gegen Bohrlochflüssigkeiten und Gase.The invention relates to a sealing ring for pipe strings of oil or gas wells, in particular for sealing the passage points of hydraulic lines through the wall of pipes, hangers or the like against borehole fluids and gases.

Es ist bei Erdöl- oder Erdgasbohrungen bekannt, innerhalb des Bohrloches ein oder mehrere Außenrohre (Casing) vorzusehen und die eigentlichen Förderleitungen (Tubing) innerhalb der Außenrohre anzuordnen. Dabei werden die Förderleitungen am oberen Abschlußflansch (Casing Head) des. Außenrohres oder weiteren Aufsätzen der Abschlußanordnung (Wellhead) mittels eines Hängers aufgehängt und befestigt. Der Aufbau dieser Abschlußanordnung und seiner Hänger ist so getroffen, daß auch bei großen Drücken keine Verbindungen zwischen den Innenräumen der einzelnen Rohre gegeben ist. Es ist auch bekannt, im Förderrohr Absperrorgane (Safety Valve) zur Absperrung des Fördergutes bei Schadensfällen oder zur sonstigen Steuerung einzufügen. Zur Steuerung dieser Absperrorgane ist es ferner bekannt, im Bohrturm oder entsprechenden Stellen Hydraulikanlagen vorzusehen und mit Hydraulikleitungen mit den innerhalb der Rohre angeordneten Absperrorganen zu verbinden (US-PS 37 39 846). Diese Hydraulikleitungen werden meist im Bereich der Hänger, Hängernippel oder Förderrohre durch die Wandungen geführt. Eine solche Hydraulikleitung hat z.B. die Aufgabe, das im Ruhezustand gesperrt gehaltene Absperrorgan durch Zuführung hohen Druckes für den Betriebsfall zu öffnen und bei unzulässigen Betriebszuständen in der fördernden Produktionssonde oder den nachgeschalteten Anlagen durch z.B. Druck-, Temperatur- und Niveaufühler den Hydraulikdruck abzulassen und dadurch das im Förderrohr eingebaute untertägige Sicherheitsventil zu schließen. In Schadensfällen, bei denen die hydraulische Anlage oder die Hydraulikleitung zerstört würde, schließt das untertägige Sicherheitsventil ebenfalls.In the case of oil or gas wells, it is known to provide one or more outer pipes (casing) within the borehole and to arrange the actual production lines (tubing) within the outer pipes. The delivery lines are suspended and fastened to the upper end flange (casing head) of the outer tube or further attachments of the end arrangement (wellhead) by means of a hanger. The structure of this termination arrangement and its hangers is such that even at high pressures there are no connections between the interiors of the individual pipes. It is also known to insert shut-off devices (safety valve) in the conveyor pipe to shut off the goods to be conveyed in the event of damage or for other control purposes. To control these shut-off devices, it is also known to provide hydraulic systems in the drilling rig or corresponding places and to connect them with hydraulic lines to the shut-off devices arranged inside the pipes (US Pat. No. 3,739,846). These hydraulic lines are usually led through the walls in the area of the hangers, hanger nipples or delivery pipes. Such a hydraulic line has e.g. the task of opening the shut-off device, which is kept locked in the idle state, by supplying high pressure for the operating case and, in the event of impermissible operating states, in the conveying production probe or the downstream systems, e.g. Pressure, temperature and level sensors release the hydraulic pressure and thereby close the underground safety valve installed in the delivery pipe. In the event of damage in which the hydraulic system or the hydraulic line would be destroyed, the underground safety valve also closes.

Es hat sich gezeigt, daß bei Bohranlagen mit solchem Aufbau den Abdichtungen der Rohre gegeneinander und der Hydraulikleitungen eine besondere Bedeutung zukommt. Einerseits muß nämlich verhindert werden, daß sich der relativ hohe Druck der inneren Rohre auf die vergleichsweise niedrigeren Drücke der äußeren Rohre überträgt, weil dann dort der Druck für das äußere Rohr zu hoch würde und zu Zerstörungen führen könnte. Andererseits reichen bereits geringe Undichtigkeiten an den Durchführungen der Hydraulikleitungen aus, den Druck in diesem Hydrauliksystem soweit herabzusetzen, daß das Absperrorgan in sperrendem Sinne betätigt wird.It has been shown that in drilling systems with such a structure, the sealing of the pipes against one another and the hydraulic lines are of particular importance. On the one hand, it must be prevented that the relatively high pressure of the inner tubes is transferred to the comparatively lower pressures of the outer tubes, because then the pressure there would be too high for the outer tube and could lead to destruction. On the other hand, slight leaks in the bushings of the hydraulic lines are sufficient to reduce the pressure in this hydraulic system to such an extent that the shut-off element is actuated in a blocking sense.

Als bisher günstigste Abdichtung hat sich an Hängern. Hängernippeln und Rohren eine Gummi-Dichtung (Plastic Energized Packing) erwiesen. Diese Art der Dichtung hat sich für die Abdichtung an gewölbten rohrähnlichen Teilen praktisch auf dem Markt durchgesetzt. Bei solchen Dichtungen wird nach Fertigstellung der Montage von außen in ein entsprechendes Nutensystem eine Plastikmasse eingepreßt und damit die Gummidichtung aktiviert. Die Güte der Dichtungen kann dabei durch Prüfbohrungen zwischen den Abdichtungen kontrolliert werden. Bei unzureichender Dichtung kann dann die Plastikmasse nachgepreßt werden.So far the cheapest seal has been on hangers. Hanger nipples and pipes have been proven to be a rubber seal (Plastic Energized Packing). This type of seal has practically established itself on the market for sealing curved tube-like parts. In the case of such seals, a plastic compound is pressed in from the outside into a corresponding groove system after completion of the assembly and the rubber seal is thus activated. The quality of the seals can be checked through test holes between the seals. If the seal is inadequate, the plastic mass can then be re-pressed.

Selbst die besten bisher bekannten Dichtungen haben im praktischen Betrieb zu Ausfällen der Anlagen aufgrund von Undichtigkeiten geführt. Das bedeutet in den meisten Fällen Produktionsausfall durch Schließung des Absperrorgans oder eine Gefährdung der äußeren Rohre.In practice, even the best seals known to date have led to system failures due to leaks. In most cases this means loss of production due to closure of the shut-off device or endangerment of the outer pipes.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, diesen Nachteil zu vermeiden und eine Abdichtung zu schaffen, die selbst größten Drücken auch über längere Zeit standzuhalten hat. Diese Aufgabe wird durch die im Kennzeichen des Anspruchs 1 genannten Merkmale bei einem Abdichtring nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.The invention has for its object to avoid this disadvantage and to provide a seal that has to withstand even the greatest pressures even over a long period of time. This object is achieved by the features mentioned in the characterizing part of claim 1 in a sealing ring according to the preamble of claim 1.

Weiterbildungen der Erfindung werden in den Unteransprüchen beschrieben. Durch die Erfindung wird darüber hinaus erreicht, daß die Dichtung auch über längere Zeiten Temperatur-und Druckschwankungen und/oder chemischen Einflüssen widersteht.Developments of the invention are described in the subclaims. The invention also ensures that the seal withstands temperature and pressure fluctuations and / or chemical influences even over long periods of time.

Es ist zwar eine Ringdichtung zwischen Verrohrungshängern bekannt (DE-B-1945793) bei der auch ein metallischer Kontakt gegeben ist, doch geht diese bekannte Dichtung einen anderen Weg. Dort wird nämlich die Dichtung dadurch bewirkt, daß die eingebrachte wellenförmige Dichtung durch ein Werkzeug hydraulisch gestaucht wird.Although an annular seal between casing hangers is known (DE-B-1945793) in which there is also metallic contact, this known seal takes a different approach. There, namely, the seal is brought about by the fact that the wave-shaped seal introduced is hydraulically compressed by a tool.

Zur näheren Erläuterung der Erfindung werden im folgenden mehrere Ausführungsbeispiele an Hand der Zeichnungen beschrieben. Diese zeigen in

  • Figur 1 die Prinzipdarstellung der Erfindung im Rahmen einer schematischen Darstellung einer Gesamtanlage
  • Figur 2 einen Bohrlochkopf mit Hängenippel und Steuerleitung
  • Figur 3 eine Detaildarstellung der Abdichtung gemäß der Erfindung
  • Figur 4 die Abwandlung eines Einzelteils der Fig. 3 Figur 5 eine Abwandlung der in Fig. 2 dargestellten Abdichtung
  • Figur 6 weitere Abwandlung der in Fig. 2 dargestellten Abdichtung.
To explain the invention in more detail, several exemplary embodiments are described below with reference to the drawings. These show in
  • Figure 1 shows the schematic representation of the invention in the context of a schematic representation of an overall system
  • Figure 2 shows a wellhead with hanging nipple and control line
  • Figure 3 is a detailed representation of the seal according to the invention
  • 4 shows the modification of an individual part of FIG. 3 FIG. 5 shows a modification of the seal shown in FIG. 2
  • Figure 6 further modification of the seal shown in Fig. 2.

In Fig. 1 ist eine Prinzipdarstellung einer Gesamtanlage mit einer Erdbohrung 1 mit zwei äußeren Rohrtouren (Casing) 2, 2a gezeigt, die gegenüber der Wandung der Erdbohrung 1 durch Zement oder dgl. so abgedichtet sind, daß die . innenräume der beiden Rohrtouren 2, 2a im unterirdischen Bereich keine Verbindung miteinander haben. Oberhalb der Erdoberfläche ist mit der äußeren Rohrtour über einen Bodenflansch 3 ein Bohrlochkopf B verbunden. Der Bodenflansch ist am äußeren Rohr 2 befestigt und trägt zugleich das innere Rohr 2a der beiden äußeren Rohre 2, 2a durch Keile 4. Ein Förderrohr 5 ist in einer Förderrohrabhängevorrichtung 6 mittels eines in Schultern 7 abgehängten Hängers bzw. Hängernippels 8 befestigt. Oberhalb der Vorrichtung 6 ist ein Abdichtring 9 vorgesehen, durch den eine innerhalb des Rohrsystems verlaufende Hydraulikleitung 10 zugleich nach außen geführt und abgedichtet wird. Die Leitung 10 ist außerhalb des Ringes 9 mit einer Hydraulikanlage H verbunden. Vom Abdichtring 9 aus verläuft die Leitung 10 zunächst innerhalb der Wandung des Hängers 8. Von einem unteren Austritt aus dem Hänger an verläuft die Leitung 10 neben der Außenwandung des Förderrohres 5 nach unten bis zur Position eines innerhalb des Förderrohres 5 angeordneten Sicherheitsventils V, mit dem sie durch die Wandung des Förderrohres 5 hindurch verbunden ist.In Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overall system with an earth hole 1 with two outer tube tours (casing) 2, 2a is shown, which are sealed against the wall of the earth hole 1 by cement or the like. That the. Interiors of the two pipe tours 2, 2a in the underground area have no connection with each other. Above the surface of the earth is with the outer tube tour via a bottom flange 3 a wellhead B connected. The bottom flange is fastened to the outer pipe 2 and at the same time carries the inner pipe 2a of the two outer pipes 2, 2a by means of wedges 4. A delivery pipe 5 is fastened in a delivery pipe suspension device 6 by means of a hanger or hanger nipple 8 suspended in shoulders 7. A sealing ring 9 is provided above the device 6, through which a hydraulic line 10 running within the pipe system is simultaneously guided and sealed to the outside. The line 10 is connected to a hydraulic system H outside the ring 9. From the sealing ring 9, the line 10 initially runs inside the wall of the trailer 8. From a lower outlet on the trailer, the line 10 runs down next to the outer wall of the delivery pipe 5 to the position of a safety valve V arranged inside the delivery pipe 5, with which it is connected through the wall of the conveyor tube 5.

In Fig. 2 ist schematisch ein Bohrlochkopf dargestellt. Auf der äußeren Rohrtour (Casing) 2 in der Erdbohrung 1 ist der Bodenflansch 3 montiert, in welchem eine weitere Rohrtour (Casing) 2a in den Keilen 4 abgehängt und abgedichtet ist. In der Förderrohr-Abhängevorrichtung 6 (Tubing Head) hängt auf speziellen Schultern 7, Konen oder dgl. der Hängernippel 8, in den das eigentliche Förderrohr (Tubing) 5 eingeschraubt ist. Statt eines Rohres können auch mehrere Förderrohre eingebaut sein, wobei jedes Rohr ein untertägiges Sicherheits-Absperrventil haben kann. Der Abdichtring 9 hat die Aufgabe, einen Druckübertritt aus dem Förderrohr 5 in die äußeren Rohrtouren 2 zu verhindern und den Hydraulikdruck aus der Hydraulikleitung 10 isoliert aus der Radialbohrung 10a des Hängernippels nach außen zu führen. Hier ergeben sich durch die nichtebenen Oberflächen Schwierigkeiten.A wellhead is shown schematically in FIG. On the outer tube tour (casing) 2 in the earth hole 1, the base flange 3 is mounted, in which a further tube tour (casing) 2a is suspended and sealed in the wedges 4. In the conveyor tube suspension device 6 (tubing head), the hanger nipple 8, into which the actual conveyor tube (tubing) 5 is screwed, hangs on special shoulders 7, cones or the like. Instead of one pipe, several delivery pipes can also be installed, each pipe being able to have an underground safety shut-off valve. The sealing ring 9 has the task of preventing a pressure transfer from the delivery pipe 5 into the outer pipe tours 2 and of guiding the hydraulic pressure out of the hydraulic line 10 out of the radial bore 10a of the trailer nipple. Difficulties arise due to the non-flat surfaces.

Fig. 3 zeigt den Ring 9 in detaillierterer Darstellung. Ein Hängernippel 8 bzw. ein Rohr 5 weist in seiner Wandung oder gesondert in seinem Inneren die Hydraulikleitung 10 auf. An der Stelle der Durchführung durch die Rohrwandung endet diese Leitung entweder ganz oder - wie dargestellt - als Abzweigung - in einer Nut 11, die außen um das Rohr umlaufend ausgebildet ist. In dem der Nut 11 benachbarten Bereich ist das Rohr 5 bzw. der Hänger 8 glatt bzw. absatz-und nutfrei ausgebildet. Um diesen Bereich der Nut 11 und der benachbarten glatten Oberfläche ist der Abdichtring 9 herumgelegt. Die Hydraulikleitung 10 ist durch diesen Abdichtring hindurch mittels einer oder mehreren Kanäle nach außen geführt. An der Innenseite des Abdichtringes ist ein Raum 12 gebildet, in dem zwei zur Dichtung dienende Metallringe 13, 14 aus einem relativ zum Rohr 5 bzw. Hänger 8 weichen Material wie Weicheisen, Kupfer, Bronze, Aluminium, Blei oder dgl. angeordnet sind. Diese Metallringe 13. 14 sind keilförmig ausgebildet und innerhalb des Raumes 12 so angeordnet, daß ihre Keilspitzen 15 in einen Spalt 16 zwischen Wandung des Ringes 9 und Rohr 5 gepreßt werden und diesen Spalt vollständig verschließen und abdichten.Fig. 3 shows the ring 9 in more detail. A hanger nipple 8 or a pipe 5 has the hydraulic line 10 in its wall or separately in its interior. At the point of passage through the pipe wall, this line either ends entirely or - as shown - as a branch - in a groove 11 which is formed around the outside of the pipe. In the area adjacent to the groove 11, the tube 5 or the hanger 8 is smooth or has no step and groove. The sealing ring 9 is placed around this area of the groove 11 and the adjacent smooth surface. The hydraulic line 10 is guided through this sealing ring to the outside by means of one or more channels. On the inside of the sealing ring, a space 12 is formed in which two metal rings 13, 14 serving for sealing are made of a material such as soft iron, copper, bronze, aluminum, lead or the like, which is soft relative to the tube 5 or hanger 8. These metal rings 13. 14 are wedge-shaped and arranged within the space 12 so that their wedge tips 15 are pressed into a gap 16 between the wall of the ring 9 and tube 5 and completely close and seal this gap.

Dabei sind die Spitzen von der Nut weggerichtet, weil diese Anordnung sich als günstig erwiesen hat, weil auch die unter hohem Druck stehende Flüssigkeit einen Druck in gleicher Richtung ausübt und daher im Betrieb die Dichtung noch verbessert. Zwischen den Metallringen 13, 14 sind zwei Druckringe 17, 18 so angeordnet, daß sie mit ihren Druckflächen hinter entsprechenden Flächen der Metallringe 13, 14 eingreifen und diese Metallringe 13, 14 parallel zur Oberfläche des Rohres 5 in Richtung zum Spalt 16 verschieben können. Zur Verschiebung der Druckringe 17, 18 und damit der Metallringe 13, 14 dient eine im Ring 9 gelagerte, von der Au- ßenseite des Ringes 9 her zugängliche Schraube 19 mit einem kegel- oder kegelstumpfförmigen Arbeitskopf 20. Schrauben dieser Form werden als Tie-Down- oder Niederhalter-Schrauben bezeichnet. Im vorliegenden Anwendungsfall sind sie aus einem solchen Material gefertigt und mit einem solchen Kopf versehen, daß sie mit ihren den Kegelflächen 21 über entsprechende Flächen 22 der Druckringe 17, 18 diese verschieben können. Der Raum 12 zwischen Rohr 5 und Ring 9 ist als Kammer ausgebildet, die einerseits durch die einander gegenüberliegenden Flächen der Innenwandung des Ringes 9 und der Au- ßenwandung des Rohres 5 und andererseits durch einen ringförmigen Wandvorsprung 23 des Abdichtringes 9 sowie einem Schraubring 24 gebildet wird. Der Schraubring 24 wird in den Ring 9 eingeschraubt, wenn die Metallringe 13, 14 und die Druckringe 17, 18 eingesetzt sind. Bei Verwendung eines Schraubringes 24 hat es sich als vorteilhaft erwiesen, statt einer besonderen Schulter- oder Gewindeabdichtung zusätzlich zu den in Fig. 1 dargestellten zwei keilförmigen Metallringen noch einen weiteren Metallring 25 zwischen dem Schraubring 24 und der Wandung des Ringes 9 anzuordnen, wobei die Keilspitze 26 in einen an dieser Stelle vorgesehenen Spalt 27 eindringt. Der Schraubring 24 ist zur Erzielung einer guten Verschiebe- bzw. Dichtwirkung mit zwei Spaltflächen versehen, die in ihrer Neigung der Neigung der abgeschrägten Flächen der Metallringe entsprechen. Als Neigungswinkel für die Keilflächen relativ zur Rohrwandung haben sich Winkel zwischen 5° und 25°, vorzugsweise um 13°, bewährt. Als Neigungswinkel für die Flächen 21, 22 von Schraube 19 bzw. Druckring 17, 18 relativ zur Achse der Schraube 19 hat sich ein Winkel zwischen 30° und 50°, insbesondere etwa 45°, als günstig erwiesen. Für den hier beschriebenen Anwendungsfall der Abdichtung der Durchführung der Hydraulikleitung 10 von einem Hängernippel 8 durch einen Abdichtring 9 nach außen wurden gute Ergebnisse mit folgenden Materialien erzielt :

Figure imgb0001
The tips are directed away from the groove because this arrangement has proven to be advantageous, because the liquid under high pressure also exerts pressure in the same direction and therefore improves the seal during operation. Between the metal rings 13, 14 two pressure rings 17, 18 are arranged so that they engage with their pressure surfaces behind corresponding surfaces of the metal rings 13, 14 and can move these metal rings 13, 14 parallel to the surface of the tube 5 in the direction of the gap 16. A screw 19 mounted in the ring 9 and accessible from the outside of the ring 9 with a conical or frustoconical working head 20 is used to shift the pressure rings 17, 18 and thus the metal rings 13, 14. Screws of this shape are used as tie-down - or hold-down screws. In the present application, they are made of such a material and provided with such a head that they can move the conical surfaces 21 over corresponding surfaces 22 of the pressure rings 17, 18. The space 12 between the tube 5 and the ring 9 is designed as a chamber which is formed on the one hand by the opposing surfaces of the inner wall of the ring 9 and the outer wall of the tube 5 and on the other hand by an annular wall projection 23 of the sealing ring 9 and a screw ring 24 . The screw ring 24 is screwed into the ring 9 when the metal rings 13, 14 and the pressure rings 17, 18 are inserted. When using a screw ring 24, it has proven to be advantageous to arrange a further metal ring 25 between the screw ring 24 and the wall of the ring 9 in addition to the two wedge-shaped metal rings shown in FIG. 1, in addition to the two wedge-shaped metal rings shown in FIG. 1, the wedge tip 26 penetrates into a gap 27 provided at this point. To achieve a good displacement or sealing effect, the screw ring 24 is provided with two gap surfaces, the inclination of which corresponds to the inclination of the bevelled surfaces of the metal rings. Angles between 5 ° and 25 °, preferably around 13 °, have proven to be suitable as the angle of inclination for the wedge surfaces relative to the tube wall. An angle between 30 ° and 50 °, in particular approximately 45 °, has proven to be favorable as the angle of inclination for the surfaces 21, 22 of screw 19 or pressure ring 17, 18 relative to the axis of screw 19. For the application described here for sealing the passage of the hydraulic line 10 from a hanger nipple 8 through a sealing ring 9 to the outside, good results were achieved with the following materials:
Figure imgb0001

Fig. 4 zeigt eine Abwandlung der Anordnung der Metallringe 14, 25 in Fig. 3. Diese beiden Metallringe 14, 25 sind gemäß Fig. 4 zu einem einzigen Metallring 28 mit einem U-förmigen Querschnitt in Richtung auf den Schraubring 24 zusammengefaßt. Der U-förmige Querschnitt weist zwei äußere parallele Flächen (parallel zur Achse bzw. zur Wandung des Rohres 5) und zwei zur Keilbildung abgeschrägte innere Flächen auf. Die äußeren und die inneren Flächen zusammen sind an die Form des Schraubringes 24 so angepaßt, daß eine Verschiebung der beiden Metallringteile relativ zum Schraubring möglich ist.FIG. 4 shows a modification of the arrangement of the metal rings 14, 25 in FIG. 3. These two metal rings 14, 25 are combined according to FIG. 4 to form a single metal ring 28 with a U-shaped cross section in the direction of the screw ring 24. The U-shaped cross section has two outer parallel surfaces (parallel to the axis or to the wall of the tube 5) and two inner surfaces beveled to form a wedge. The outer and inner surfaces together are adapted to the shape of the screw ring 24 so that a displacement of the two metal ring parts relative to the screw ring is possible.

In Fig. 5 ist eine Abwandlung des Abdichtringes gemäß Fig. 2 dargestellt, bei der die Verstellung der Metallringe zwar auch möglich ist, bei der aber diese Verstellung durch Schrauben 29 geschieht. die parallel zur Rohrachse liegen.FIG. 5 shows a modification of the sealing ring according to FIG. 2, in which the adjustment of the metal rings is also possible, but in which this adjustment is done by screws 29. which are parallel to the pipe axis.

Die Wirkung ist mit der gemäß Fig. 2 vergleichbar, doch wird wegen der Möglichkeit der Verstellung von außen her die Anordnung nach Fig. 3 bevorzugt. Bei der Anordnung nach Fig. 5 sind Metallringe und Druckringe zusammengefaßt dargestellt. Das ist möglich, weil die Kraft der Verstellung nicht über die Flächen, sondern allein durch die Schraube 29 übertragen wird.The effect is comparable to that according to FIG. 2, but the arrangement according to FIG. 3 is preferred because of the possibility of adjustment from the outside. 5, metal rings and pressure rings are shown combined. This is possible because the force of the adjustment is not transmitted through the surfaces but only through the screw 29.

In Fig. 6 ist eine Abwandlung dargestellt, bei der eine einseitige Rohrabdichtung nur durch einen Metallring 14 geschieht. In diesem Fall ist ein Abschluß der Kammer 12 durch einen Schraubring an sich nicht erforderlich. Zur besseren Führung ist jedoch ein Schraubring 30 vorgesehen, der jedoch nicht besonders abzudichten ist.In Fig. 6 a modification is shown in which a one-sided pipe sealing is only done by a metal ring 14. In this case, a closure of the chamber 12 by a screw ring per se is not necessary. For better guidance, however, a screw ring 30 is provided, which however is not particularly to be sealed.

Die Erfindung ist nicht auf die beschriebene Anwendung der Abdichtung von Leitungsdurchführungen an Hängernippeln beschränkt. Sie ist überall dort anwendbar, wo Abdichtungen an Flächen bewirkt werden müssen, die zylindrisch verlaufen, also keine Sprünge oder Absätze haben.The invention is not limited to the described use of sealing cable bushings on trailer nipples. It can be used wherever seals have to be made on surfaces that are cylindrical and therefore have no jumps or shoulders.

Aus Vereinfachungsgründen wurde bei der vorstehenden Beschreibung jeweils nur eine Schraube 19 mit auf Druckringe (17, 18) einwirkendem Kopf erläutert. In der Praxis werden mehrere Schrauben 19 über den Umfang des Abdichtrings verteilt angeordnet.For reasons of simplification, only one screw 19 with a head acting on pressure rings (17, 18) was explained in the above description. In practice, several screws 19 are arranged distributed over the circumference of the sealing ring.

Claims (10)

1. A sealing ring (9) for pipelines in oil and gas drilling, more particularly for sealing off hydraulic lines (10) at those points where there is leakage through the walls of the pipes (5), or the pipe heads (8) etc. so as to seal against liquids and gases in the bore, characterised in that one or more essentially wedge-shaped metal rings (13, .14), which act as seals and comprise a material which is soft relative to the walls which are to be sealed, such as soft iron, copper, aluminium, bronze etc. or a material which is hard relative to the walls, such as steel etc., are so arranged that they are on one or both sides of the leakage point (11) during assembly and project at their wedge tip (15) into a clearance (16) which is formed between the walls of the pipe (5) or head (8) etc. to be sealed and the inner walls of the sealing ring (9) and that one or more adjustable pressure rings (17, 18) are associated in the sealing ring with the metal ring(s) (13, 14), and the pressure ring(s) (17, 18) can press the metal ring(s) (13, 14) into the clearance (16).
2. A sealing ring according to claim 1, characterised in that a screw (19) is rotatably arranged in the sealing ring (9) with a conical or frustoconical head (20) acting on the pressure rings (17, 18) and that the cooperating surfaces (21, 22) of the head (20) and the pressure rings (17, 18) are so dimensioned that on rotation of the screw (19) the pressure rings (17, 18) are moved towards the metal rings.
3. A sealing ring according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the sealing ring (9) has a chamber (12) for receiving the metal rings (13, 14) and pressure rings (17, 18) in the region of its inner walls, the head (20) of the screw (19) projecting into this chamber (12); that the chamber (12) is limited on one side by the inner walls of the sealing ring (9) and on the other side by the pipe walls which are to be sealed and at one end face is closed by a wall projection (23) of the sealing ring (9) and at the other end face by a screw ring (24), the clearance (16) being formed between the wall projection or the screw ring (24) and the pipe (5) which is to be sealed off.
4. A sealing ring according to claim 3, characterised in that a clearance (27) for receiving an additional metal ring (25) with a wedge-shaped tip (26) is provided between the screw ring (24) and the wall (23) of the sealing ring (9).
5. A sealing ring according to claim 4, characterised in that the two metal rings (14, 25) associated with the screw ring (24) are joined together to form a metal ring with a U-shaped cross section towards the screw ring (24).
6. A sealing ring according to claim 5, characterised in that the outsides of the limbs of the metal ring are substantially parallel and the insides of these limbs are inclined into wedge shape.
7. A sealing ring according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the point to be sealed on the head (8) or pipe (5) is in a cylindrical or conical region without any step or shoulder etc.
8. A sealing ring according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the metal ring(s) and pressure ring(s) comprise one piece.
9. A sealing ring according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the metal rings (13, 14) are provided near their tip with an annular projection towards the walls of the pipe (5) which is to be sealed, said projection penetrating into the walls during assembly.
10. A sealing ring according to any one of claims 2 to 9, characterised in that a plurality of screws (19) with heads acting on the pressure ring(s) (17, 18) are distributed over the periphery of the sealing ring (9).
EP79104363A 1978-11-13 1979-11-07 Sealing ring for well-heads Expired EP0011741B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT79104363T ATE1298T1 (en) 1978-11-13 1979-11-07 SEALING RING FOR PIPE STRAIN OF OIL AND NATURAL GAS DRILLING.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2849206 1978-11-13
DE2849206 1978-11-13
DE2916436 1979-04-24
DE19792916436 DE2916436A1 (en) 1979-04-24 1979-04-24 Oil-well pipe string seal - with soft metal wedges urged in conical gap by pressure rings and bolt

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0011741A1 EP0011741A1 (en) 1980-06-11
EP0011741B1 true EP0011741B1 (en) 1982-06-30

Family

ID=25776454

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP79104363A Expired EP0011741B1 (en) 1978-11-13 1979-11-07 Sealing ring for well-heads

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0011741B1 (en)
DE (1) DE2963268D1 (en)
FI (1) FI70296C (en)
NO (1) NO159037C (en)
RO (1) RO82463A (en)
YU (1) YU41894B (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4473230A (en) * 1984-02-10 1984-09-25 Gary Tool Company Tension hanger embodying fire resistant sealing means
GB2463261B (en) 2008-09-04 2012-09-26 Statoilhydro Asa Narrow well bore
CN107120084B (en) * 2017-04-17 2020-06-02 聊城职业技术学院 Combined oil well polish rod sealer
CN107143298A (en) * 2017-06-07 2017-09-08 德州联合石油机械有限公司 Oil well head annular space sealing device
CN108505958B (en) * 2018-05-07 2023-08-04 上海广大基础工程有限公司 Drill rod with built-in hydraulic oil pipe

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE465850C (en) * 1925-04-14 1928-09-27 Stewarts & Lloyds Ltd Connection piece for pipes and other conductors or containers for liquid and gas with a flexible sealing ring which interacts with an enclosing housing and with collars on the pipes
US2207149A (en) * 1934-10-08 1940-07-09 Frederic W Hild Blowout preventer
US2110825A (en) * 1935-03-12 1938-03-08 Nat Supply Co Packed tool joint
US2102072A (en) * 1935-07-15 1937-12-14 Frank J Hinderliter Rotary tool joint
US2243340A (en) * 1938-05-23 1941-05-27 Frederic W Hild Rotary blowout preventer
US3248132A (en) * 1963-02-25 1966-04-26 Gray Tool Co Combined retractable hold-down means and hanger support
DE1993004U (en) * 1967-03-18 1968-09-05 Goetzewerke SEAL FOR STANDING PIPE CONNECTIONS.
US3957113A (en) * 1974-05-06 1976-05-18 Cameron Iron Works, Inc. Pipe disconnecting apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO159037C (en) 1988-11-23
EP0011741A1 (en) 1980-06-11
NO159037B (en) 1988-08-15
RO82463B (en) 1983-08-30
NO793643L (en) 1980-05-14
YU41894B (en) 1988-02-29
YU272179A (en) 1983-01-21
FI70296B (en) 1986-02-28
FI793257A (en) 1980-05-14
RO82463A (en) 1983-09-26
DE2963268D1 (en) 1982-08-19
FI70296C (en) 1986-09-15

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