EP0009798A1 - Mähmaschine - Google Patents

Mähmaschine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0009798A1
EP0009798A1 EP79103733A EP79103733A EP0009798A1 EP 0009798 A1 EP0009798 A1 EP 0009798A1 EP 79103733 A EP79103733 A EP 79103733A EP 79103733 A EP79103733 A EP 79103733A EP 0009798 A1 EP0009798 A1 EP 0009798A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
motor
cutter
impeller
casing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP79103733A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0009798B1 (de
Inventor
Brian Cecil Robert Henning
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Black and Decker Inc
Original Assignee
Black and Decker Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Black and Decker Inc filed Critical Black and Decker Inc
Priority to AT79103733T priority Critical patent/ATE1729T1/de
Publication of EP0009798A1 publication Critical patent/EP0009798A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0009798B1 publication Critical patent/EP0009798B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D34/00—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters
    • A01D34/01—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus
    • A01D34/412—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus having rotating cutters
    • A01D34/63—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus having rotating cutters having cutters rotating about a vertical axis
    • A01D34/695—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus having rotating cutters having cutters rotating about a vertical axis supported by an air cushion
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D2101/00—Lawn-mowers

Definitions

  • This invention relates to vegetation cutters and has more particular reference to lawnmowers of the rotary type that are, in use, supported upon a cushion of air.
  • an air-cushion-supported vegetation cutter comprises a cutter casing housing an impeller for creating the air cushion in conjunction with the casing, an aperture in the casing to permit air flow to the impeller, and a support structure for supporting a motor for driving the impeller, the support structure providing a duct for the flow of cooling air over the motor, the duct having cooling air outlets located upstream, in the direction of air flow to the impeller, of the aperture in the casing.
  • the motor cooling air flow and the main air flow, generated in use meet upstream of the impeller so that the main air flow and the motor cooling air flow interact.
  • the motor fan if provided, can be smaller and consume less power than would be the case if the fan were used to provide all the motor cooling air flow.
  • the support structure may comprise a sleeve housing in which the motor is mounted and a spider on which the sleeve housing is mounted, the spider itself being removably secured to the casing in a location over the aperture in the latter.
  • the support structure may be located within a motor cover detachably secured to the casing and having apertures to permit the entry of air into the cover'. That air provides cooling air for the motor and an air supply for the impeller.
  • the apertures in the motor cover are in two separate series.
  • One series permits the entry of motor cooling air and the other series permits the entry of air for the impeller.
  • the air paths through the two series of apertures are defined by means including a baffle housed within the cover.
  • the baffle may support an air filter for filtering motor cooling air.
  • the apertures of the other series are so dimensioned that they restrict the flow of air to the impeller. That restriction creates a pressure drop within the cover adjacent the air outlets in the motor support structure. That pressure drop in conjunction with the increase in velocity of the air as it approaches and flows through the aperture in the cutter casing promotes an increase in the flow of cooling air over the motor.
  • the apertures of the other series are so located that the direction of flow of air from those apertures to the aperture in the casing tends to assist air flow exiting through the cooling air outlets.
  • One way of achieving the desired direction is to locate the apertures of the other series some distance above (when the cutter is viewed in its working position) the cooling air outlets. In that way, a downwardly-directed air flow is produced adjacent the cooling air outlets and this assists flow of cooling air over the motor.
  • the downward flow pattern may be assisted by suitable guide surfaces within the motor cover.
  • Restricting the flow of air to the impeller also has another advantage, namely to make the power consumed by the impeller more sensitive to the speed of the motor.
  • the machine changes from operating with virtually no load on the cutter, to operating with substantial load on the cutter, a relatively small drop in the motor speed gives a large drop in the power consumed by the impeller and therefore makes considerable power available to the cutter.
  • the embodiment comprises a cutter casing 1 which serves to house a cutter bar 2 and an impeller 3 and to define the space within which the air cushion is to be created.
  • the casing 1 is of rectangular shape when seen in plan as in FIG. 2 and has opposed longer sides 4 joined by opposed shorter sides 5.
  • the casing is of inverted saucer-like form with a downwardly-extending peripheral lip 6 contoured to provide a horizontal portion 7 upon which the mower rests when not in use and an outer upwardly-extending portion 8 which merges into portion 7 via a plane, inclined surface 9.
  • the casing 1 has a central aperture 10 in its upper surface. Round the aperture 10, the casing 1 has three equi-spaced mounting blocks 11 on which is mounted a support "spider" 12.
  • the spider 12 has three equi-spaced arms 13 which extend radially from a central dished portion 14 of generally circular form when seen in plan.
  • the central dished portion 14 has a central aperture 15, and, surrounding the aperture 15, the portion 14 is formed to receive the outer race of a ball bearing whose inner race is secured to the armature shaft 16 of an electric driving motor to be described in more detail later.
  • the portion 14 supports a "cuff" 14a of a resilient material, for example rubber, in which the outer race is supported.
  • the cuff provides a degree of flexibility in the mounting and also thermally insulates the bearing.
  • One of the arms 13 has an extension 13a which cooperates with inclined projections 13b to form a cable clamp for an electric cable 13c supplying electric power to the motor.
  • the latter is formed with raised support surfaces 17 which receive co-operating support surfaces 18 of a motor housing sleeve 19.
  • the dished portion 14 of the spider 12 is located centrally of the aperture 10 in the casing 1, there being an annular gap between the periphery of the portion 14 and that part of the housing 1 surrounding the aperture 10.
  • the arms 13 extend across the annular gap.
  • the location of the spaces between the raised support surfaces 17 is such that they lie above the plane of the aperture 10.
  • the motor sleeve housing 19 has an internal ledge 20 which supports the stator stack 21 of the motor.
  • the stack 21 is shown in diagrammatic form only but will comprise the conventional field windings supported upon a laminated core.
  • the stack is bolted to the ledge 20 as shown in FIG. 1.
  • the shaft 16 carries a conventional rotor winding and laminated core indicated diagrammatically in FIG. 1 at 22. In use, current is supplied to the rotor winding via a commutator indicated schematically at 23 via brush contacts described later.
  • the casing 1 has projections 24, 25 formed upon its upper surface which together provide a channel in which is located the lower edge of a motor cover 26 secured to the casing 1 by two screws (not shown).
  • the cover 26 is of domed form and of circular form when seen in plan. It has a central opening 27 in its upper surface 28 and a series of upper openings 29 and a series of lower openings 30 in its curved side wall 31. Supported between the motor cover 26 and the sleeve housing 19 is an annular baffle member 32 which has two apertures (not shown) through it. The baffle member 32 supports an air filter 32a.
  • the central opening 27 is closed by a plug-in cover 34 of transparent material to permit observation of an indicator 35 fixed to the upper end of the shaft 16.
  • annular partition 36 Extending downwardly from the upper surface 28 and within the cover 26 is an annular partition 36 which, as can be seen form FIG. 1, overlaps the upper end of the sleeve 19 forming a baffle between the openings 29 and the upper, open end of the sleeve 19.
  • the partition 36 assists in locating the air filter 32a.
  • baffle 73 extends upwardly around the periphery of the aperture 10 and has a downwardly and outwardly inclined upper portion 74 which meets the motor cover 26 below the lower openings 30 therein.
  • the lower end of the shaft 16 carries the centrifugal impeller 3 consisting of a plate-like base member 38 whose outer surface turns upwardly as at 39, and a series of curved vanes 40 located towards the edge of the base member 38.
  • the vanes 40 are convexly-curved in the direction of rotation of the impeller.
  • the upper edges 41 of the vanes 40 lie close to the undersurface of the casing 1 whilst each vane has an inclined leading edge 42 whose uppermost point lies directly beneath the edge of the casing 1 surrounding the aperture 10.
  • the impeller 3 is clamped between a central support sleeve 43 and a member 44.
  • Mounted upon the shaft 16 below the member 44 is the cutter bar 2, the assembly just described being held in position by a component 45 screwed over the lower end of the shaft 16.
  • a component 45 screwed over the lower end of the shaft 16.
  • Interposed between member 44 and the cutter bar 2 are spacers 44a.
  • the shaft 16 terminates within the component 45, the latter having a central recess to receive one end of component 45 and allow the latter to be screwed on. to the shaft end.
  • a handle 46 by means of which a user can manoeuvre the mower over a lawn or other grass area to be cut.
  • Power for the motor is supplied via the lad 13c and an on/off switch contained in a switch box 47 supported upon the handle.
  • the switch box may contain a cut-out which may be either current or heat operated.
  • the handle 46 is pivotally attached to the housing 1, the pivot axis being indicated diagrammatically at 48 in FIG. 3.
  • the handle has a fixed projection 49 spaced a short distance from pivot axis 48.
  • the projection cooperates with a gate member 50 (shown in Figure 3) pivotally secured to the housing 1 at 51, to control movement of the handle and to enable the latter to be constrained in one or other of a number of different positions or range of positions.
  • the projection 49 extends into a gate 52 which is an elongated slot in the member 50 with end positions 53, 54 and, intermediate positions 55, 56.
  • the member has an extension 57 with a broad upper surface 58 by which a user can pivot the member 50 when necessary.
  • Positions 55 and 56 represent the limit of a range of angular positions over which the handle 46 is movable when the projection 49 is engaged in that part of gate 52 between those two positions.
  • the flange 20 of the housing 19. also supports a structure carrying the brushes of the motor.
  • Arms 59 extending upwardly from the flange 20 carry a member 60 which encircles the commutator 23 of the motor. Additional support for the member 60 is provided by further arms 59a which extend from the inner surface of the upper part of the housing 19.
  • the member 60 is of rectangular form when seen in plan as in FIG. 2.
  • Mounted on member 60 in positions diametrically opposed with respect to the commutator 23 are brush holders 62 secured to the member 60 and containing carbon brushes 63 spring urged into contact with the commutator 23.
  • a support member 64 which carries a plain bearing 65 supporting the upper (as seen in FIG. 1) end of the motor shaft 16.
  • the impeller 3 operates in the conventional manner to draw air from atmosphere in through the apertures 30 and thence via the aperture 10 into the casing 1 where it creates, in the now well known manner, an air cushion that supports the casing a short distance above the ground.
  • the cutter bar is rotated to sever blades of grass in its path of movement.
  • the spacers 44a allow some adjustment of the height above ground of the cutter bar 2. Relocation of a spacer from a position above the cutter bar 2 to a position below the cutter bar increases the height of the cutter bar.
  • the impeller and cutter bar are driven directly by the motor, i.e. there is no speed reduction gearing employed. It thus becomes important to ensure an adequate flow of cooling air over the motor.
  • FIG. 1 shows a fan 66 secured to the shaft 16 just below the rotor 22.
  • the fan 66 creates a flow of air through the sleeve 19 especially through the stator stack 21. Air is drawn in from atmosphere through the apertures 29, the air flowing through the filter-32a, round the baffle 36, into a duct 71 whose inlet is formed by the upper open end of sleeve 19, as indicated by arrows 67, and downwardly inside the latter and outwardly as indicated by arrow 68 through the outlets 72 between the raised support surfaces 17 referred to above.
  • the air flow over the motor joins the stream of air entering the housing via apertures 30 upstream (in the direction of air flow) of the aperture 10. Air flowing through apertures 30 has a downward direction as indicated by arrows 69 and this helps to draw air through the sleeve 19.
  • the apertures 30 are so dimensioned that they restrict the flow of air to the impeller 3 via the space 70 so creating in that space a pressure somewhat below atmospheric and this pressure, together with the increase in velocity of the air as it flows towards and through aperture 10 promotes an increase in the flow of cooling air in the sleeve 19.
  • the apertures 29 do not offer any significant resistance to air flow and there is thus created a pressure drop between the upper, open end of sleeve 19 and the lower end thereof and this pressure drop promotes the increase just referred to in the flow of cooling air through the motor.
  • the restriction offered by the apertures 30 must not be so large as to prevent the setting-up of an adequate cushion of air to support the mower when in use and a compromise has to be reached between the flow of air through the apertures 30 that is required to ensure - an adequate air cusion and that required to increase the flow of cooling air through the motor to an extent sufficient to limit the temperature rise thereof to acceptable limits.
  • baffle 32 The purpose of the baffle 32 is to separate the two air flows and to ensure an adequate air flow through the motor for cooling the latter.
  • the apertures in the baffle 32 allow water entering the cover 26 via the apertures 29 to flow harmlessly to the impeller 3.
  • the baffle 73 prevents any water that enters the openings 30 impinging directly upon either the impeller 3 or the fan 66. If water were to impinge directly on either of these parts it might bounce off into the motor.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Harvester Elements (AREA)
  • Harvesting Machines For Specific Crops (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
EP79103733A 1978-10-03 1979-10-01 Mähmaschine Expired EP0009798B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT79103733T ATE1729T1 (de) 1978-10-03 1979-10-01 Maehmaschine.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB3918178 1978-10-03
GB7839181 1978-10-03

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0009798A1 true EP0009798A1 (de) 1980-04-16
EP0009798B1 EP0009798B1 (de) 1982-11-03

Family

ID=10500101

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP79103733A Expired EP0009798B1 (de) 1978-10-03 1979-10-01 Mähmaschine

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US4276737A (de)
EP (1) EP0009798B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS5588611A (de)
AT (1) ATE1729T1 (de)
AU (1) AU523237B2 (de)
CA (1) CA1129379A (de)
DE (1) DE2963981D1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2227916A (en) * 1989-02-08 1990-08-15 Castel Garden Equip Fastening cable to electric mower
US5210996A (en) * 1989-08-18 1993-05-18 Fassauer Arthur L Air-floated apparatus

Families Citing this family (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5851810A (ja) * 1981-09-21 1983-03-26 川崎重工業株式会社 芝刈機
GB2140663B (en) * 1983-05-31 1986-08-06 Makita Electric Works Ltd Lawn mower
DE3324899C2 (de) * 1983-07-09 1986-07-17 Maschinenfabriken Bernard Krone Gmbh, 4441 Spelle Maschine zum Ernten von Mais od. dgl. stengelartigem Erntegut
EP0178304A4 (de) * 1984-02-24 1986-07-24 Sheehan Robert Douglas Grasmäher.
JPH0440432Y2 (de) * 1985-12-12 1992-09-22
US4944142A (en) * 1988-08-22 1990-07-31 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Power lawnmower construction
US5205113A (en) * 1990-05-24 1993-04-27 Fassauer Arthur L Cutting apparatus mulch recycle system
US5373598A (en) * 1993-06-14 1994-12-20 The Hoover Company Cleaner with performance indicator
GB2318967A (en) * 1996-11-05 1998-05-13 Electrolux Outdoor Prod Ltd Lawnmower
US8429885B2 (en) * 2008-04-25 2013-04-30 Black & Decker Inc. Cordless mower including cooling air flow arrangement
US20110179757A1 (en) * 2009-12-25 2011-07-28 Scott-Stanbridge N Lightweight battery-driven air-supported vegetation trimmer
JP5997030B2 (ja) * 2012-12-11 2016-09-21 リョービ株式会社 歩行型電動作業機
US9991770B2 (en) 2013-08-09 2018-06-05 Black & Decker Inc. Spring post for brush card for a power tool
US9866078B2 (en) * 2014-01-29 2018-01-09 Black & Decker Inc. Brush assembly mount
US20150076936A1 (en) 2013-08-09 2015-03-19 Black & Decker Inc. Brush assembly having improved brush profile for an electric motor
JP6211470B2 (ja) * 2014-06-16 2017-10-11 株式会社クボタ モーア
JP6322061B2 (ja) * 2014-06-16 2018-05-09 株式会社クボタ モーア
CN106258180B (zh) * 2015-05-20 2019-03-08 南京德朔实业有限公司 手推式割草机
CN111511191B (zh) * 2017-12-22 2022-09-13 本田技研工业株式会社 草坪修剪机
EP3892081B1 (de) * 2019-01-11 2024-01-31 Nanjing Chervon Industry Co., Ltd. Aufsitzrasenmäher

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH443763A (de) * 1965-10-13 1967-09-15 Flymo Sa Rasenmäher mit Luftkissen
DE1263385B (de) * 1964-09-22 1968-03-14 Motor G M B H K G As Rasenmaeher
DE1912286B1 (de) * 1968-04-02 1971-01-07 Flymo Sa Elektrischer Rasenmaeher mit rotierendem Messer
DE2337721A1 (de) * 1973-07-25 1975-02-13 As Motor Gmbh & Co Kg Rasenmaehmaschine
GB1448539A (en) * 1974-11-29 1976-09-08 Flymo Sa Rotary-scythe lawn mower with means for generating a cushion of air
DE2627167A1 (de) * 1976-06-16 1977-12-29 Heinz Zipfel Sichel-rasenmaeher
EP0003637A1 (de) * 1978-02-13 1979-08-22 Qualcast (Lawn Mowers) Limited Rasenmähmaschine

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1034760A (en) * 1965-05-29 1966-07-06 Flymo Sa Improvements in lawn mowers
US3593505A (en) * 1968-09-04 1971-07-20 Toro Mfg Corp Mower motor cooling system
US3760570A (en) * 1972-09-05 1973-09-25 Black & Decker Mfg Co Centrifugally responsive brake for rotary tool

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1263385B (de) * 1964-09-22 1968-03-14 Motor G M B H K G As Rasenmaeher
CH443763A (de) * 1965-10-13 1967-09-15 Flymo Sa Rasenmäher mit Luftkissen
DE1912286B1 (de) * 1968-04-02 1971-01-07 Flymo Sa Elektrischer Rasenmaeher mit rotierendem Messer
DE2337721A1 (de) * 1973-07-25 1975-02-13 As Motor Gmbh & Co Kg Rasenmaehmaschine
GB1448539A (en) * 1974-11-29 1976-09-08 Flymo Sa Rotary-scythe lawn mower with means for generating a cushion of air
DE2627167A1 (de) * 1976-06-16 1977-12-29 Heinz Zipfel Sichel-rasenmaeher
EP0003637A1 (de) * 1978-02-13 1979-08-22 Qualcast (Lawn Mowers) Limited Rasenmähmaschine

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2227916A (en) * 1989-02-08 1990-08-15 Castel Garden Equip Fastening cable to electric mower
GB2227916B (en) * 1989-02-08 1993-06-23 Castel Garden Equip Electric lawn mower with a fastening for the shield and electrical cable
US5210996A (en) * 1989-08-18 1993-05-18 Fassauer Arthur L Air-floated apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4276737A (en) 1981-07-07
AU523237B2 (en) 1982-07-15
EP0009798B1 (de) 1982-11-03
DE2963981D1 (en) 1982-12-09
JPS5588611A (en) 1980-07-04
ATE1729T1 (de) 1982-11-15
AU5136379A (en) 1980-04-17
CA1129379A (en) 1982-08-10

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