EP0008832B1 - Clockwork with hands comprising a differential-gear mechanism - Google Patents

Clockwork with hands comprising a differential-gear mechanism Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0008832B1
EP0008832B1 EP79200475A EP79200475A EP0008832B1 EP 0008832 B1 EP0008832 B1 EP 0008832B1 EP 79200475 A EP79200475 A EP 79200475A EP 79200475 A EP79200475 A EP 79200475A EP 0008832 B1 EP0008832 B1 EP 0008832B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gear
pinion
wheel
planet
teeth
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP79200475A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0008832A3 (en
EP0008832A2 (en
Inventor
Pierre-Alain Vuille
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Ebauchesfabrik ETA AG
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Ebauchesfabrik ETA AG
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Publication of EP0008832A3 publication Critical patent/EP0008832A3/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B27/00—Mechanical devices for setting the time indicating means
    • G04B27/005—Mechanical devices for setting the time indicating means stepwise or on determined values
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B13/00—Gearwork
    • G04B13/007—Gearwork with differential work
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B19/00—Indicating the time by visual means
    • G04B19/22—Arrangements for indicating different local apparent times; Universal time pieces
    • G04B19/221—Arrangements for indicating different local apparent times; Universal time pieces mechanisms for correcting the hours hand only, i.e. independently for minutes and seconds hands

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to needle display devices having a differential gear mechanism.
  • patent CH 507 544 proposed a composite hour wheel formed of two parts frictionally coupled to each other, the relative positions of these two parts being determined by the engagement of a pin secured to one parts in the holes of the other part.
  • the complete arrangement includes friction between the roadway and the shaft which drives it and a second friction in the composite hour wheel.
  • Patents FR-A-1,589,638 and CH 494,997 propose another solution in which the composite hours mobile is replaced by a differential gear comprising a planet carrier and a satellite with two teeth.
  • the satellite wheel is engaged with the roadway while its pinion is engaged with the hour wheel.
  • the satellite normally plays the role of the timer wheel, but by moving the planet carrier by means of a control member, one can cause a rapid rotation of the hour wheel without changing the position of the roadway.
  • a device of this kind therefore avoids the presence of a friction coupling.
  • German patent application DE-A-1673 621 also describes an arrangement of this type.
  • Patent application DE-A-2 730 948 also describes a differential gear mechanism comprising a satellite with two teeth. In this case, it is the planetary pinion which constitutes the control mobile. The satellite is mounted on a toothed disc which constitutes the minute wheel and its pinion toothing is engaged with the hour wheel.
  • the present invention relates to a timepiece movement comprising a needle display mechanism equipped with a differential gear which itself comprises a carrier satel- lite, at least one satellite, a sun gear and a sun gear, and in which an hour hand is mounted on a barrel integral with the planet carrier and a minute hand is mounted on a tube integral with a roadway, and the planetary wheel is an inner gear crown engaged with the satellite (s) and connected to a mechanism control member.
  • the planet carrier is a member which comprises two parallel discs between which are mounted two satellites. Between these two discs, further extends the planetary pinion which is engaged with the satellites and which is also attacked by a drive pinion.
  • the object of the present invention is to improve the known clock movements of the genre mentioned above, in order to eliminate the faults which have just been reported.
  • the movement according to the invention is characterized in that the satellite (s) are elements with two coaxial teeth, one of which is engaged with the planetary pinion and the other with said internal toothing of the planetary wheel and in that the roadway has a pinion toothing which constitutes the planetary pinion.
  • the movement shown in fig. 1 is a watch movement which can be either an electronic battery and quartz watch, comprising a stepping motor actuating a gear train, or a mechanical watch. All of these are classic. They are mounted on the reverse of plate 1 and are not shown in the drawing.
  • the train comprises a drive pinion 2 which is engaged with a minute wheel 3 coaxial with the movement, so that this wheel is driven at the rate of one revolution per hour.
  • the minute wheel 3 is an element of the assembly shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. They will be described later.
  • the assembly represented in FIGS. 2 and 3 notably includes an hour wheel which drives a calendar mechanism advancing by jumps, once per 24 hours, a date ring 4.
  • the calendar mechanism is also of the usual type, so it will not be described in detail here.
  • the calendar is corrected by means of the control mechanism which is actuated by the rod 5 (fig. 1). This rod is arranged radially in the movement between the plate 1 and the bridges. It activates the control mechanism visible in fig.
  • the star 14b cooperates with an elastic arm 15 playing the role of jumper and extending from a retaining plate 16 placed on the plate 1.
  • the role of the mobile 14 and that of the jumper spring 15 will be explained later in relationship with the differential gear which drives the needles.
  • the movable reference 12 mounted on the rocker 9 engages with a time setting reference 17 which meshes with the roadway as will be seen below.
  • the rod 5 therefore makes it possible to exercise the functions of setting the time of the hands, and of advancing the hour hand alone by jumps of one hour. This last function also ensures the correction of the calendar if necessary.
  • the rod is disconnected and this position is a neutral position.
  • Figs. 2 and 3 show how the motor and the control mechanism act on the bodies which carry the needles.
  • the second hand 18 is mounted at the end of a second shaft 19 which has a wheel 20 engaged with the cog operated by the engine.
  • the seconds shaft 19 is supported by a bearing 21 mounted in the plate 1.
  • the upper surface of this bearing holds in place the barrel of the carriageway 22 which carries the minute hand 23.
  • the carriageway carries in the vicinity of its end lower a large diameter disc 24 provided with a peripheral toothing in which the time-setting reference gear 17 engages. Above the disc 24, the carriageway has a bearing surface 22a on which the minute wheel 3 is adjusted. clamping of this wheel on the surface of the roadway is adjusted so as to produce a friction coupling having a well-defined disengaging torque.
  • the disc of the minute wheel is cut so as to present two parallel and narrow bars 38 and 39 which may have notches in an arc of radius corresponding to that of the adjustment range 22a.
  • the tightening exerted by the bars 38 and 39 on the friction surface of the roadway can thus be precisely adjusted by allowing a slight bending of the bars.
  • a road pinion 25 is still driven on the barrel 22, immediately above the wheel 3. It meshes, as can be seen in FIG. 3, in the toothing of the wheel of a satellite 26 with two toothing carried by a disc 27 secured to a barrel 28 and constituting with this barrel the hour wheel.
  • the disc 27 is provided with a key entry hole 29 which allows the positioning of the satellite 26, which is machined in one piece with a pinion toothing of very small diameter and a toothing of the wheel which , as mentioned above, meshes in the road pinion 25.
  • the peripheral toothing of the disc 27 meshes in the toothing of the wheel of a calendar mobile 30 rotating on a pin 31 fixed in the plate 1.
  • the pinion teeth of the calendar mobile drives a 24-hour wheel 32 provided with a finger elastic capable of driving the calendar ring 4 once per turn by hooking one of its inner teeth, these being regularly distributed around its periphery.
  • the barrel 28 carries the hour hand 33. It rests on the upper face of the road pinion 25 and is held in place by the last element 34 of the differential gear.
  • This last element which plays the role of a planetary wheel, is a crown with internal teeth provided with a pivot bearing 35 having a diameter slightly larger than that of the crown teeth and a peripheral external teeth 36.
  • the element 34 is positioned by the retaining plate 16 which has in its central part a circular hole in which engages the bearing 35.
  • This plate covers the external part of the element 34 and is used to hold in place axially. As it is screwed onto the plate, it assures the assembly of the differential mechanism and the control mechanism. It makes it possible to house all of these elites in a very limited space.
  • the toothing 36 of the crown 34 is in engagement with the toothing of the wheel 14a of the mobile 14 which, as we have seen above, also includes the star 14b located immediately under the wheel 14a and the pinion 14c located under the star 14b.
  • the intermediate return 13 and the mobile 14 both pivot on pins planted in the plate. They are held in place axially by corresponding elements of the holding plate.
  • the latter also has a hole 37 (fig. 1 and 2) used to limit the movements of the movable gear 12 by cooperating with the end of the axis of this gear, this axis being integral with the rocker 9 and extending projecting to the level of the part of the retaining plate which has the hole 37.
  • the hands are regularly driven by the watch motor. While the shaft 19 of the second hand, connected to the motor rotor by a gear train, is actuated by pulses, this gear train also transmits the engine torque to the pinion 2 and to the wheel 3. That -This causes the roadway 22 by friction and as the crown 34 is fixed, the road pinion 25 causes the satellite 26 to roll by its pinion teeth on the internal teeth of the crown 34. As a result, the satellite carrier 27 which plays the hour wheel role rotates slowly around the axis of movement, driven by the intermediate shaft of the satellite 26.
  • the reference 12 When the rod is brought into the time setting position, the reference 12 is engaged with the time setting reference 17 and a rotation of the rod rotates the disc 24 secured to the roadway 22. Under these conditions , a contact will switch off the watch engine, including all of the gear train. The wheel 3 will be blocked, while the pavement 22 linked to friction with the wheel 3 is driven at a relatively high speed. As in normal operation, but at a higher speed, the pinion 25 will cause the satellite 26 to roll on the inner ring. 34 by moving the hour hand 33 at a speed twelve times lower than the minute hand. Thus, the two hands move in their normal ratio, the second hand being stopped.
  • the motor In the intermediate position of the rod, the motor is not blocked, so that the second hand advances at the rate imposed by the time base of the watch. If the rod is moved in rotation, the intermediate return 13 rotates the mobile 14 and the rotation of the latter is marked by stop positions in which the head of the jumper 15 engages between two teeth of the star 14b .
  • the rotation of the mobile 14 is therefore a jerky rotation.
  • the angle of rotation which, for the crown placed at the head of the rod, corresponds to a rotation of 72 ° of the mobile 14 being of the order of 60 °, this angle is substantially that which is easily imparted to the crown holding it between the thumb of the index finger. As the wheel 14a is engaged with the external toothing of the element 34, it is now the latter which is driven in rotation.
  • the teeth of the wheel teeth of the satellite 26 rest on the pinion 25 which acts as a planetary gear and the satellite is moved in rotation around the axis of the needles by the internal toothing of the element 34. By its axis, the satellite rotates the wheel 27, driving the hour hand 33.
  • the displacement corresponding to a jump of the star 14b corresponds to 1/12 of a turn of the hand 33 and therefore to a advance one hour.
  • Fig. 4 schematically represents the assembly of the differential gear described above and shows in its right part the points of application of the forces.
  • the element 34 is forcedly driven by the control mechanism. It exerts on the pinion teeth of the satellite 26 a force located at level P3, therefore a torque given by the product of its distance from the axis of the needles by the tangential force. This torque produces the driving of the hour wheel by pressing the toothing of the satellite wheel on the toothing of roadway 25.
  • the force transmission on the planet carrier takes place at level P2, while the reaction on the roadway performs at level P1.
  • the tangential force exerted on the planetary gear 25 will be reduced in the ratio of the teeth of the satellite relative to the tangential force exerted by the element 34 on the gear teeth of the satellite.
  • This force will itself be reduced in the ratio of the radius of the wheel teeth to the sum of the radii of the teeth of the satellite with respect to the tangential resistance force offered by the hours wheel. Even when this resistance is increased as a result of arming the calendar mechanism, the reaction on the road remains minimal.
  • the construction of the minute wheel, formed by the carriageway 22, the pinion 25, the toothed disc 24 and the wheel 3 can be improved and simplified as shown in partial figure 5.
  • the pinion 25 has a neckline in one piece with the barrel 22 of the roadway and has truncated teeth at their base.
  • the disc 24 is driven on the truncated teeth of the pinion 25 while the bearing 22a is located under the pinion 25, so that the wheel 3 is located under the disc 24.
  • This arrangement simplifies the manufacture since it only has three pieces instead of four.
  • the crimping of the wheel 3 on the bearing 22a is easier to perform.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromechanical Clocks (AREA)
  • Gears, Cams (AREA)
  • Measurement And Recording Of Electrical Phenomena And Electrical Characteristics Of The Living Body (AREA)

Abstract

In a timepiece movement, more particularly a quartz wrist watch movement, having a low-torque stepping motor, there is provided a differential mechanism which drives the hands and makes it possible to move the hour-hand alone in jumps. A cannon-pinion having a toothing acts as a sun gear. A planet gear is mounted on an hour-wheel which acts as a planet carrier. A ring gear takes the form of an annulus having internal teeth which is normally stationary but is controlled by a stem and can be rotated by jumps to cause the planet gear to roll along the cannon-pinion toothing, thus causing the planet carrier and consequently the hour hand to jump.

Description

La présente invention se rapporte de façon générale aux dispositifs d'affichage à aiguilles comportant un mécanisme à engrenage différentiel.The present invention relates generally to needle display devices having a differential gear mechanism.

Depuis que la réalisation de mouvements de montre équipés d'un mécanisme qui permet de déplacer l'aiguille des heures par sauts d'une heure a pris l'essor commercial que l'on connaît actuellement, plusieurs tentatives ont déjà été faites pour concevoir des mécanismes de commande satisfaisant dans les meilleures conditions possibles aux exigences de la pratique.Since the making of watch movements equipped with a mechanism which allows the hour hand to be moved in one hour jumps has taken the commercial boom that we know today, several attempts have already been made to design control mechanisms satisfying in the best possible conditions the requirements of practice.

Ainsi, le brevet CH 507 544 proposait une roue des heures composite formée de deux parties accouplées à friction l'une à l'autre, les positions relatives de ces deux parties étant déterminées par l'engagement d'une goupille solidaire de l'une des parties dans des trous de l'autre partie. On s'est aperçu toutefois que ces agencements et d'autres du même genre présentaient des difficultés de réglage extrêmement sérieuses surtout dans le cas de l'application à des montres électroniques où le couple moteur est extrêmement faible. En effet, l'agencement complet comprend une friction entre la chaussée et l'arbre qui l'entraîne et une seconde friction dans la roue des heures composite. Au moment où l'on effectue une modification de la position de l'aiguille des heures, en Intervenant par le mécanisme de commande sur une des parties de la roue des heures, il faut éviter que la réaction exercée sur l'autre partie, en prise avec le rouage, ne perturbe le fonctionnement du moteur. D'autre part, il faut que la transmission de couple entre les deux parties de la roue composite soit suffisante pour permettre par exemple d'actionner un mécanisme de calendrier. La plage d'ajustage qui reste est souvent très faible et par conséquent, il est difficile de garantir la fonction de cet accouplement.Thus, patent CH 507 544 proposed a composite hour wheel formed of two parts frictionally coupled to each other, the relative positions of these two parts being determined by the engagement of a pin secured to one parts in the holes of the other part. However, it has been observed that these arrangements and others of the same kind present extremely serious adjustment difficulties, especially in the case of application to electronic watches where the engine torque is extremely low. Indeed, the complete arrangement includes friction between the roadway and the shaft which drives it and a second friction in the composite hour wheel. When a change is made to the position of the hour hand, by intervening through the control mechanism on one part of the hour wheel, it is necessary to prevent the reaction exerted on the other part, by taken with the train, does not disturb the operation of the engine. On the other hand, the torque transmission between the two parts of the composite wheel must be sufficient to allow, for example, to actuate a calendar mechanism. The adjustment range that remains is often very small and therefore it is difficult to guarantee the function of this coupling.

Les brevets FR-A-1 589 638 et CH 494 997 proposent une autre solution dans laquelle le mobile des heures composite est remplacé par un engrenage différentiel comportant un porte-satellite et un satellite à deux dentures. La roue du satellite est en prise avec la chaussée tandis que son pignon est en prise avec la roue des heures. Le satellite joue normalement le rôle de la roue de minuterie, mais en déplaçant le porte-satellite au moyen d'un organe de commande, on peut provoquer une rotation rapide de la roue des heures sans modifier la position de la chaussée. Un dispositif de ce genre évite donc la présence d'un accouplement à friction. La demande de brevet allemand DE-A-1673 621 décrit aussi un agencement de ce type.Patents FR-A-1,589,638 and CH 494,997 propose another solution in which the composite hours mobile is replaced by a differential gear comprising a planet carrier and a satellite with two teeth. The satellite wheel is engaged with the roadway while its pinion is engaged with the hour wheel. The satellite normally plays the role of the timer wheel, but by moving the planet carrier by means of a control member, one can cause a rapid rotation of the hour wheel without changing the position of the roadway. A device of this kind therefore avoids the presence of a friction coupling. German patent application DE-A-1673 621 also describes an arrangement of this type.

La demande de brevet DE-A-2 730 948 décrit également un mécanisme à engrenage différentiel comportant un satellite à deux dentures. Dans ce cas, c'est le pignon planétaire qui constitue le mobile de commande. Le satellite est monté sur un disque denté qui constitue la roue des minutes et sa denture de pignon est en prise avec la roue des heures.Patent application DE-A-2 730 948 also describes a differential gear mechanism comprising a satellite with two teeth. In this case, it is the planetary pinion which constitutes the control mobile. The satellite is mounted on a toothed disc which constitutes the minute wheel and its pinion toothing is engaged with the hour wheel.

Or, une analyse des couples et des forces qui s'exercent sur les différents mobiles de ces engrenages connus montre qu'ils n'offrent pas des conditions de fonctionnement optimales, de sorte que l'ajustage des frictions, par exemple, est difficile à réaliser.However, an analysis of the torques and the forces exerted on the various mobiles of these known gears shows that they do not offer optimal operating conditions, so that the adjustment of frictions, for example, is difficult to achieve.

La présente invention a pour objet un mouvement d'horlogerie comprenant un mécanisme d'affichage à aiguilles équipé d'un engrenage différentiel comprenant lui-même un porte-satel-' lite, au moins un satellite, un pignon planétaire et une roue planétaire, et dans lequel une aiguille des heures est montée sur un canon solidaire du porte-satellite et une aiguille des minutes est montée sur un tube solidaire d'une chaussée, et la roue planétaire est une couronne à denture intérieure en prise avec le ou les satellites et reliée à un organe de commande du mécanisme.The present invention relates to a timepiece movement comprising a needle display mechanism equipped with a differential gear which itself comprises a carrier satel- lite, at least one satellite, a sun gear and a sun gear, and in which an hour hand is mounted on a barrel integral with the planet carrier and a minute hand is mounted on a tube integral with a roadway, and the planetary wheel is an inner gear crown engaged with the satellite (s) and connected to a mechanism control member.

Des réalisations de ce genre sont également déjà connues, notamment par le brevet CH 513 445 (demande déposée No 14 913/68). Dans ces agencements, tout accouplement à friction est évité et il est possible de les réaliser de façon que le dispositif d'affichage comprenne deux aiguilles des heures. Une de ces aiguilles peut être entraînée à raison d'un tour en 24 h.Achievements of this kind are also already known, in particular by patent CH 513,445 (application filed No 14,913/68). In these arrangements, any friction coupling is avoided and it is possible to make them so that the display device comprises two hour hands. One of these needles can be driven at the rate of one revolution in 24 hours.

Dans le mécanisme connu selon le document susmentionné, le porte-satellite est un organe qui comporte deux disques parallèles entre lesquels sont montés deux satellites. Entre ces deux disques, s'étend en outre le pignon planétaire qui est en prise avec les satellites et qui est attaqué également par un pignon d'entraînement.In the known mechanism according to the aforementioned document, the planet carrier is a member which comprises two parallel discs between which are mounted two satellites. Between these two discs, further extends the planetary pinion which is engaged with the satellites and which is also attacked by a drive pinion.

On a trouvé toutefois que la réalisation de ces mécanismes connus exigeait des pièces volumineuses et lourdes dont le montage était difficile, de sorte que les frais de fabrication étaient élevés et que, d'autre part, la puissance nécessaire à l'entraînement ne pouvait pas être réduite dans toute la mesure souhaitable lorsqu'on cherche à réaliser des mouvements de montre à quartz de dimensions réduites.It was found, however, that the realization of these known mechanisms required bulky and heavy parts which were difficult to assemble, so that the manufacturing costs were high and, on the other hand, the power required for the drive could not be reduced to the extent desirable when seeking to achieve quartz watch movements of reduced dimensions.

Ainsi, le but de la présente invention est de perfectionner les mouvements d'horlogerie connus du genre mentionné ci-dessus, afin d'éliminer les défauts qui viennent d'être signalés.Thus, the object of the present invention is to improve the known clock movements of the genre mentioned above, in order to eliminate the faults which have just been reported.

Dans ce but, le mouvement selon l'invention, du genre mentionné au début, est caractérisé en ce que le ou les satellites sont des éléments à deux dentures coaxiales dont l'une est en prise avec le pignon planétaire et l'autre avec ladite denture intérieure de la roue planétaire et en ce que la chaussée comporte une denture de pignon qui constitue le pignon planétaire.For this purpose, the movement according to the invention, of the kind mentioned at the beginning, is characterized in that the satellite (s) are elements with two coaxial teeth, one of which is engaged with the planetary pinion and the other with said internal toothing of the planetary wheel and in that the roadway has a pinion toothing which constitutes the planetary pinion.

On va décrire ci-après, à titre d'exemple, une forme d'exécution du mouvement d'horlogerie selon l'invention, en se référant au dessin dont :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en plan de dessus, certaines pièces étant participent arrachées,
  • la figure 2 une vue en perspective éclatée de l'engrenage différentiel et de la plaque de maintien,
  • la figure 3 une vue en coupe à plus grande échelle montrant l'accouplement différentiel et les aiguilles,
  • la figure 4 un schéma montrant la répartition des forces à leurs divers points d'application, et
  • la figure 5 est une vue en coupe partielle d'une variante.
An embodiment of the timepiece movement according to the invention will be described below, by way of example, with reference to the drawing, in which:
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view from above, certain parts being broken away,
  • FIG. 2 an exploded perspective view of the differential gear and of the retaining plate,
  • FIG. 3 an enlarged sectional view showing the differential coupling and the needles,
  • FIG. 4 a diagram showing the distribution of the forces at their various points of application, and
  • Figure 5 is a partial sectional view of a variant.

Le mouvement représenté à la fig. 1 est un mouvement de montre qui peut être, soit une montre électronique à pile et à quartz, comportant un moteur pas à pas actionnant un rouage, soit une montre mécanique. Tous ces éléments sont classiques. Ils sont montés au revers de la platine 1 et ne sont pas représentés au dessin.The movement shown in fig. 1 is a watch movement which can be either an electronic battery and quartz watch, comprising a stepping motor actuating a gear train, or a mechanical watch. All of these are classic. They are mounted on the reverse of plate 1 and are not shown in the drawing.

Le rouage comporte un pignon d'entraînement 2 qui est en prise avec une roue des minutes 3 coaxiale au mouvement, de sorte que cette roue est entraînée à raison d'un tour par heure. La roue des minutes 3 est un élément de l'ensemble représenté aux fig. 2 et 3. Elles sera décrite plus loin. L'ensemble représenté aux fig.2 et 3 comporte notamment une roue des heures qui entraîne un mécanisme de calendrier faisant avancer par sauts, une fois par 24 h, un anneau de quantième 4. Le mécanisme de calendrier est également de type usuel, de sorte qu'il ne sera pas décrit en détail ici. Comme on le verra plus loin, la correction du calendrier s'effectue au moyen du mécanisme de commande qui est actionné par la tige 5 (fig. 1). Cette tige est disposée radialement dans le mouvement entre la platine 1 et les ponts. Elle actionne le mécanisme de commande visible à la fig. 1, qui comporte une tirette 6 coopérant avec un ressort de tirette 7 dont l'extrémité présente trois encoches déterminant les trois positions de la tige et du mécanisme. La tirette 6 coopère avec une bascule de pignon coulant 8 et avec une bascule de renvoi 9. La première de ces bascules, sollicitée par le ressort 10, déplace le pignon coulant 11 qui est monté sur un carré de la tige 5, tandis que la seconde bascule porte un renvoi mobile 12 qui est en prise avec la denture de couronne du pignon coulant dans la position extérieure et dans la position intermédiaire de la tige, mais qui est dégagé du pignon coulant dans la position intérieure ou la position neutre. Dans la position intermédiaire de la tige, représentée à la fig. 1, le renvoi 12 est en prise avec un renvoi intermédiaire 13 d'axe fixe qui engrène dans le pignon d'un mobile de commande 14 comprenant un pignon 14c, une roue 14a et une étoile 14b (fig. 2).The train comprises a drive pinion 2 which is engaged with a minute wheel 3 coaxial with the movement, so that this wheel is driven at the rate of one revolution per hour. The minute wheel 3 is an element of the assembly shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. They will be described later. The assembly represented in FIGS. 2 and 3 notably includes an hour wheel which drives a calendar mechanism advancing by jumps, once per 24 hours, a date ring 4. The calendar mechanism is also of the usual type, so it will not be described in detail here. As will be seen below, the calendar is corrected by means of the control mechanism which is actuated by the rod 5 (fig. 1). This rod is arranged radially in the movement between the plate 1 and the bridges. It activates the control mechanism visible in fig. 1, which comprises a pull tab 6 cooperating with a pull spring 7 whose end has three notches determining the three positions of the rod and of the mechanism. The pull tab 6 cooperates with a sliding pinion rocker 8 and with a return rocker 9. The first of these rockers, biased by the spring 10, displaces the sliding pinion 11 which is mounted on a square of the rod 5, while the second lever carries a movable gear 12 which is engaged with the crown teeth of the sliding pinion in the external position and in the intermediate position of the rod, but which is released from the sliding pinion in the internal position or the neutral position. In the intermediate position of the rod, shown in FIG. 1, the reference 12 is engaged with an intermediate reference 13 of fixed axis which meshes in the pinion of a control mobile 14 comprising a pinion 14c, a wheel 14a and a star 14b (fig. 2).

L'étoile 14b coopère avec un bras élastique 15 jouant le rôle de sautoir et s'étendant à partir d'une plaque de maintien 16 placée sur la platine 1. Le rôle du mobile 14 et celui du ressort sautoir 15 seront expliqués plus loin en relation avec l'engrenage différentiel qui entraîne les aiguilles. Dans la position de mise à l'heure de la tige 5, le renvoi mobile 12 monté sur la bascule 9 vient en prise avec un renvoi de mise à l'heure 17 qui engrène avec la chaussée comme on le verra plus loin. La tige 5 permet donc d'exercer les fonctions de mise à l'heure des aiguilles, et d'avance de l'aiguille des heures seule par sauts d'une heure. Cette dernière fonction assure également la correction du calendrier en cas de besoin. Dans la position intérieure, la tige est déconnectée et cette position est une position neutre.The star 14b cooperates with an elastic arm 15 playing the role of jumper and extending from a retaining plate 16 placed on the plate 1. The role of the mobile 14 and that of the jumper spring 15 will be explained later in relationship with the differential gear which drives the needles. In the time setting position of the rod 5, the movable reference 12 mounted on the rocker 9 engages with a time setting reference 17 which meshes with the roadway as will be seen below. The rod 5 therefore makes it possible to exercise the functions of setting the time of the hands, and of advancing the hour hand alone by jumps of one hour. This last function also ensures the correction of the calendar if necessary. In the internal position, the rod is disconnected and this position is a neutral position.

Les fig. 2 et 3 montrent comment le moteur et le mécanisme de commande agissent sur les organes qui portent les aiguilles. L'aiguille des secondes 18 est montée à l'extrémité d'un arbre des secondes 19 qui comporte une roue 20 en prise avec le rouage actionné par le moteur. L'arbre des secondes 19 est supporté par un palier 21 monté dans la platine 1. La surface supérieure de ce palier retient en place le canon de la chaussée 22 qui porte l'aiguille des minutes 23. La chaussée porte au voisinage de son extrémité inférieure un disque 24 de grand diamètre pourvu d'une denture périphérique dans laquelle engrène le renvoi de mise à l'heure 17. Au-dessus du disque 24, la chaussée présente une portée 22a sur laquelle est ajustée la roue des minutes 3. Le serrage de cette roue sur la portée de la chaussée est ajusté de façon à réaliser un accouplement à friction ayant un couple de débrayage bien déterminé. Pour assurer un couple de friction régulier entre la roue des minutes 3 et la chaussée 22, le disque de la roue des minutes est découpé de façon à présenter deux barres parallèles et de faible largeur 38 et 39 qui peuvent présenter des échancrures en arc de cercle de rayon correspondant à celui de la portée d'ajustage 22a. Le serrage qu'exercent les barres 38 et 39 sur la portée de friction de la chaussée peut ainsi être réglé avec précision en autorisant un léger fléchissement des barres.Figs. 2 and 3 show how the motor and the control mechanism act on the bodies which carry the needles. The second hand 18 is mounted at the end of a second shaft 19 which has a wheel 20 engaged with the cog operated by the engine. The seconds shaft 19 is supported by a bearing 21 mounted in the plate 1. The upper surface of this bearing holds in place the barrel of the carriageway 22 which carries the minute hand 23. The carriageway carries in the vicinity of its end lower a large diameter disc 24 provided with a peripheral toothing in which the time-setting reference gear 17 engages. Above the disc 24, the carriageway has a bearing surface 22a on which the minute wheel 3 is adjusted. clamping of this wheel on the surface of the roadway is adjusted so as to produce a friction coupling having a well-defined disengaging torque. To ensure a regular friction torque between the minute wheel 3 and the roadway 22, the disc of the minute wheel is cut so as to present two parallel and narrow bars 38 and 39 which may have notches in an arc of radius corresponding to that of the adjustment range 22a. The tightening exerted by the bars 38 and 39 on the friction surface of the roadway can thus be precisely adjusted by allowing a slight bending of the bars.

Comme on l'a vu plus haut, la roue 3 est en prise avec le pignon 2 qui transmet à la chaussée le mouvement de rotation provenant du moteur et par conséquent fait tourner l'aiguille des minutes. Un pignon de chaussée 25 est encore chassé sur le canon 22, immédiatement au-dessus de la roue 3. Il engrène, comme on le voit à la fig. 3, dans la denture de roue d'un satellite 26 à deux dentures porté par un disque 27 solidaire d'un canon 28 et constituant avec ce canon la roue des heures. Le disque 27 est pourvu d'un trou en forme d'entrée de clé 29 qui permet la mise en place du satellite 26, lequel est usiné d'une seule pièce avec une denture de pignon de très petit diamètre et une denture de roue qui, comme on l'a dit précédemment, engrène dans le pignon de chaussée 25.As seen above, the wheel 3 is engaged with the pinion 2 which transmits the rotational movement coming from the engine to the roadway and consequently rotates the minute hand. A road pinion 25 is still driven on the barrel 22, immediately above the wheel 3. It meshes, as can be seen in FIG. 3, in the toothing of the wheel of a satellite 26 with two toothing carried by a disc 27 secured to a barrel 28 and constituting with this barrel the hour wheel. The disc 27 is provided with a key entry hole 29 which allows the positioning of the satellite 26, which is machined in one piece with a pinion toothing of very small diameter and a toothing of the wheel which , as mentioned above, meshes in the road pinion 25.

La denture périphérique du disque 27 engrène dans la denture de roue d'un mobile de calendrier 30 tournant sur une goupille 31 fixée dans la platine 1. La denture de pignon du mobile de calendrier entraîne une roue de 24 heures 32 pourvue d'un doigt élastique capable d'entraîner une fois par tour l'anneau de calendrier 4 en accrochant une de ses dents intérieures, celles-ci étant régulièrement réparties sur son pourtour. Le canon 28 porte l'aiguille des heures 33. Il repose sur la face supérieure du pignon de chaussée 25 et il est maintenu en place par le dernier élément 34 de l'engrenage différentiel. Ce dernier élément, qui joue le rôle de roue planétaire, est une couronne à denture intérieure pourvue d'une portée de pivotement 35 ayant un diamètre légèrement plus grand que celui de la denture de couronne et d'une denture extérieure périphérique 36. Comme on le voit au dessin, l'élément 34 est positionné par la plaque de maintien 16 qui présente dans sa partie centrale un trou circulaire dans lequel s'engage la portée 35. Cette plaque recouvre la partie extérieure de l'élément 34 et sert à le maintenir en place axialement. Comme elle est vissée sur la platine, elle assure le montage de l'ensemble du mécanisme différentiel et du mécanisme de commande. Elle permet de loger tous ces élé- monts dans un espace très restreint.The peripheral toothing of the disc 27 meshes in the toothing of the wheel of a calendar mobile 30 rotating on a pin 31 fixed in the plate 1. The pinion teeth of the calendar mobile drives a 24-hour wheel 32 provided with a finger elastic capable of driving the calendar ring 4 once per turn by hooking one of its inner teeth, these being regularly distributed around its periphery. The barrel 28 carries the hour hand 33. It rests on the upper face of the road pinion 25 and is held in place by the last element 34 of the differential gear. This last element, which plays the role of a planetary wheel, is a crown with internal teeth provided with a pivot bearing 35 having a diameter slightly larger than that of the crown teeth and a peripheral external teeth 36. As we seen in the drawing, the element 34 is positioned by the retaining plate 16 which has in its central part a circular hole in which engages the bearing 35. This plate covers the external part of the element 34 and is used to hold in place axially. As it is screwed onto the plate, it assures the assembly of the differential mechanism and the control mechanism. It makes it possible to house all of these elites in a very limited space.

La denture 36 de la couronne 34 est en prise avec la denture de roue 14a du mobile 14 qui, comme on l'a vu plus haut, comporte encore l'étoile 14b située immédiatement sous la roue 14a et le pignon 14c situé sous l'étoile 14b. Le renvoi intermédiaire 13 et le mobile 14 pivotent tous deux sur des goupilles plantées dans la platine. Ils sont maintenus en place axialement par des éléments correspondants de la plaque de maintien. Celle-ci présente encore un trou 37 (fig. 1 et 2) servant à limiter les déplacements du renvoi mobile 12 en coopérant avec l'extrémité de l'axe de ce renvoi, cet axe étant solidaire de la bascule 9 et s'étendant en saillie jusqu'au niveau de la partie de la plaque de maintien qui comporte le trou 37.The toothing 36 of the crown 34 is in engagement with the toothing of the wheel 14a of the mobile 14 which, as we have seen above, also includes the star 14b located immediately under the wheel 14a and the pinion 14c located under the star 14b. The intermediate return 13 and the mobile 14 both pivot on pins planted in the plate. They are held in place axially by corresponding elements of the holding plate. The latter also has a hole 37 (fig. 1 and 2) used to limit the movements of the movable gear 12 by cooperating with the end of the axis of this gear, this axis being integral with the rocker 9 and extending projecting to the level of the part of the retaining plate which has the hole 37.

En fonctionnement normal, les aiguilles sont entraîrees régulièrement par le moteur de la montre. Alors que l'arbre 19 de l'aiguille des secondes, relié au rotor du moteur par un train d'engrenages, est actionné par impulsions, ce train d'engrenages transmet aussi le couple moteur au pignon 2 et à la roue 3. Celle-ci entraîne la chaussée 22 par friction et comme la couronne 34 est fixe, le pignon de chaussée 25 fait rouler le satellite 26 par sa denture de pignon sur la denture interne de la couronne 34. Il en résulte que le porte satellite 27 qui joue le rôle de roue des heures tourne lentement autour de l'axe du mouvement, entraîné par l'arbre intermédiaire du satellite 26. Les rapports entre les dentures de pignon et de roue du satellite 26, de même que ceux du pignon 25 et de la couronne intérieure 34 et le rayon de l'axe du satellite seront choisis de façon à réaliser une démultiplication de 1 à 12 entre la vitesse de rotation de la chaussée 22 qui joue le rôle de pignon planétaire et celle de la roue des heures 27 qui joue le rôle de porte-satellite quand la couronne 34 est fixe.In normal operation, the hands are regularly driven by the watch motor. While the shaft 19 of the second hand, connected to the motor rotor by a gear train, is actuated by pulses, this gear train also transmits the engine torque to the pinion 2 and to the wheel 3. That -This causes the roadway 22 by friction and as the crown 34 is fixed, the road pinion 25 causes the satellite 26 to roll by its pinion teeth on the internal teeth of the crown 34. As a result, the satellite carrier 27 which plays the hour wheel role rotates slowly around the axis of movement, driven by the intermediate shaft of the satellite 26. The relationships between the pinion and wheel teeth of the satellite 26, as well as those of the pinion 25 and the inner ring 34 and the radius of the satellite axis will be chosen so as to make a reduction from 1 to 12 between the speed of rotation of the roadway 22 which plays the role of planetary gear and that of the hour wheel 27 which plays the role of satellite carrier when the crown 34 is f ninth.

Quand la tige est amenée en position de mise à l'heure, le renvoi 12 est en prise avec le renvoi de mise à l'heure 17 et une rotation de la tige fait tourner le disque 24 solidaire de la chaussée 22. Dans ces conditions, un contact mettra hors circuit le moteur de la montre, l'ensemble du rouage y compris. La roue 3 sera bloquée, tandis que Ia chaussée 22 liée à friction à la roue 3 serf entraînée à une vitesse relativement élevér Comme lors du fonctionnement normal, mais à une vitesse plus grande, le pignon 25 fera rouler le satellite 26 sur la couronne intérieure 34 en déplaçant l'aiguille des heures 33 à une vitesse douze fois plus faible que l'aiguille des minutes. Ainsi, les deux aiguilles se déplacent dans leur rapport normal, l'aiguille des secondes étant arrêtée.When the rod is brought into the time setting position, the reference 12 is engaged with the time setting reference 17 and a rotation of the rod rotates the disc 24 secured to the roadway 22. Under these conditions , a contact will switch off the watch engine, including all of the gear train. The wheel 3 will be blocked, while the pavement 22 linked to friction with the wheel 3 is driven at a relatively high speed. As in normal operation, but at a higher speed, the pinion 25 will cause the satellite 26 to roll on the inner ring. 34 by moving the hour hand 33 at a speed twelve times lower than the minute hand. Thus, the two hands move in their normal ratio, the second hand being stopped.

Dans la position intermédiaire de la tige, le moteur n'est pas bloqué, de sorte que l'aiguille des secondes avance au rythme imposé par la base de temps de la montre. Si la tige est déplacée en rotation, le renvoi intermédiaire 13 fait tourner le mobile 14 et la rotation de celui-ci est marquée par des positions d'arrêt dans lesquelles la tête du sautoir 15 s'engage entre deux dents de l'étoile 14b. La rotation du mobile 14 est donc une rotation saccadée. L'angle de rotation qui, pour la couronne placée en tête de la tige, correspond à une rotation de 72° du mobile 14 étant de l'ordre de 60°, cet angle est sensiblement celui que l'on impartit facilement à la couronne en la tenant entre le pouce de l'index. Comme la roue 14a est en prise avec la denture extérieure de l'élément 34, c'est maintenant ce dernier qui est entraîné en rotation. Dès lors, les dents de la denture de roue du satellite 26 s'appuient sur le pignon 25 qui joue le rôle de pignon planétaire et le satellite est déplacé en rotation autour de l'axe des aiguilles par la denture intérieure de l'élément 34. Par son axe, le satellite fait tourner la roue 27, en entraînant l'aiguille des heures 33. Le déplacement correspondant à un saut de l'étoile 14b correspond à 1/12 de tour de l'aiguille 33 et par conséquent à une avance d'une heure.In the intermediate position of the rod, the motor is not blocked, so that the second hand advances at the rate imposed by the time base of the watch. If the rod is moved in rotation, the intermediate return 13 rotates the mobile 14 and the rotation of the latter is marked by stop positions in which the head of the jumper 15 engages between two teeth of the star 14b . The rotation of the mobile 14 is therefore a jerky rotation. The angle of rotation which, for the crown placed at the head of the rod, corresponds to a rotation of 72 ° of the mobile 14 being of the order of 60 °, this angle is substantially that which is easily imparted to the crown holding it between the thumb of the index finger. As the wheel 14a is engaged with the external toothing of the element 34, it is now the latter which is driven in rotation. Consequently, the teeth of the wheel teeth of the satellite 26 rest on the pinion 25 which acts as a planetary gear and the satellite is moved in rotation around the axis of the needles by the internal toothing of the element 34. By its axis, the satellite rotates the wheel 27, driving the hour hand 33. The displacement corresponding to a jump of the star 14b corresponds to 1/12 of a turn of the hand 33 and therefore to a advance one hour.

La fig. 4 représente schématiquement l'ensemble de l'engrenage différentiel décrit ci-dessus et montre dans sa partie droite les points d'application des forces. L'élément 34 est entraîné de façon forcée par le mécanisme de commande. Il exerce sur la denture de pignon du satellite 26 une force située au niveau P3, donc un couple donné par le produit de sa distance à l'axe des aiguilles par la force tangentielle. Ce couple produit l'entraînement du mobile des heures en appuyant la denture de roue du satellite sur la denture de chaussée 25. La transmission de force sur le porte-satellite s'effectue au niveau P2, tandis que la réaction sur la chaussée s'effectue au niveau P1. La force tangentielle exercée sur le pignon planétaire 25 sera réduite dans le rapport des dentures du satellite par rapport à la force tangentielle exercée par l'élément 34 sur la denture de pignon du satellite. Cette force sera elle-même réduite dans le rapport du rayon de la denture de roue à la somme des rayons des dentures du satellite par rapport à la force de résistance tangentielle offerte par le mobile des heures. Même au moment où cette résistance est augmentée par suite de l'armage du mécanisme de calendrier, la réaction sur la chaussée reste minimum.Fig. 4 schematically represents the assembly of the differential gear described above and shows in its right part the points of application of the forces. The element 34 is forcedly driven by the control mechanism. It exerts on the pinion teeth of the satellite 26 a force located at level P3, therefore a torque given by the product of its distance from the axis of the needles by the tangential force. This torque produces the driving of the hour wheel by pressing the toothing of the satellite wheel on the toothing of roadway 25. The force transmission on the planet carrier takes place at level P2, while the reaction on the roadway performs at level P1. The tangential force exerted on the planetary gear 25 will be reduced in the ratio of the teeth of the satellite relative to the tangential force exerted by the element 34 on the gear teeth of the satellite. This force will itself be reduced in the ratio of the radius of the wheel teeth to the sum of the radii of the teeth of the satellite with respect to the tangential resistance force offered by the hours wheel. Even when this resistance is increased as a result of arming the calendar mechanism, the reaction on the road remains minimal.

Ainsi donc, par cette disposition de l'ensemble différentiel, on réalise un mécanisme de commande de l'aiguille des heures qui présente le maximum de sécurité en ce qui concerne les risques de réaction sur le moteur lors d'un changement de position de l'aiguille des heures seule.So therefore, by this arrangement of the differential assembly, a mechanism of control of the hour hand which offers maximum safety with regard to the risk of reaction on the engine when changing the position of the hour hand alone.

Dans la forme d'exécution décrite ci-dessus, la construction du mobile des minutes, formé de la chaussée 22, du pignon 25, du disque denté 24 et de la roue 3 peut être améliorée et simplifiée comme le montre la figure partielle 5.In the embodiment described above, the construction of the minute wheel, formed by the carriageway 22, the pinion 25, the toothed disc 24 and the wheel 3 can be improved and simplified as shown in partial figure 5.

Dans cette variante, le pignon 25 est décolleté d'une pièce avec le canon 22 de la chaussée et présente des dents tronquées à leur base. Le disque 24 est chassé sur les dents tronquées du pignon 25 tandis que la portée 22a est située sous le pignon 25, de sorte que la roue 3 se trouve sous le disque 24. Cette disposition simplifie la fabrication puisqu'elle ne comporte plus que trois pièces au lieu de quatre. En outre, le sertissage de la roue 3 sur la portée 22a est plus facile à réaliser.In this variant, the pinion 25 has a neckline in one piece with the barrel 22 of the roadway and has truncated teeth at their base. The disc 24 is driven on the truncated teeth of the pinion 25 while the bearing 22a is located under the pinion 25, so that the wheel 3 is located under the disc 24. This arrangement simplifies the manufacture since it only has three pieces instead of four. In addition, the crimping of the wheel 3 on the bearing 22a is easier to perform.

Claims (7)

1. Timepiece movement comprising a display mechanism having hands and equipped with a differential gear which itself comprises a planet carrier (27), at least one planet gear (26), a sun gear (25), and a ring gear (34), and in which an hour-hand (33) is mounted on a pipe integral with the planet carrier, and a minute-hand (23) is mounted on a pipe (22) integral with a cannon-pinion, and the ring gear is an annulus having internal teeth meshing with the planet gear or gears and connected to a control member of the mechanism, characterized in that the planet gear or gears (26) are elements having two coaxial toothings, one of which meshes with the sun gear (25) and the other with said internal teeth of the ring gear (34), and in that the cannon-pinion (22) comprises a pinion toothing which constitutes the sun gear.
2. Timepiece movement according to claim 1, characterized in that the planet carrier (26) comprises a disc having peripheral teeth and provided with a keyhole-shaped opening (29), and in that the differential gear comprises a planet gear having two toothings (26), these two toothings being connected by an arbor segment of reduced diameter, and the dimensions of the keyhole permitting the planet gear to be engaged by it; arbor segment in the reduced-width portion Q, said opening.
3. Timepiece movement according to claim 2. characterized in that the peripheral teeth of the planet carrier (27) mesh with a calendar gear (30);
4. Timepiece movement according to claim 1, characterized in thatsaid annulus having internal teeth also has external teeth meshing with a time- control wheel (14) which drives it in jumps or blocks it in any one of twelve specific orientations about the axis of the hands.
5. Timepiece movement according to claim 4, characterized in that the control wheel (14) is integral with a star (14b) co-operating with a jumper (15) and pivots about a fixed axis, the number of teeth of the star being such that a jump of one tooth corresponds to an advance of 1/12 of a revolution of the hour-hand, this advance being brought about by the rolling of one of the toothings of the planet gears or gears upon the toothing of the cannon-pinion.
6. Timepiece movement according to claim 1, characterized in that the cannon-pinion is integral with a large-diameter toothing (24) meshing with a setting member.
7. Timepiece movement according to claim 1, characterized in that a centre wheel (3) is mounted coaxially on the cannon-pinion (22) and connected to the latter by a friction coupling, this wheel being driven by a driving member.
EP79200475A 1978-09-04 1979-08-30 Clockwork with hands comprising a differential-gear mechanism Expired EP0008832B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH926478A CH617815GA3 (en) 1978-09-04 1978-09-04
CH9264/78 1978-09-04

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EP0008832A2 EP0008832A2 (en) 1980-03-19
EP0008832A3 EP0008832A3 (en) 1980-04-02
EP0008832B1 true EP0008832B1 (en) 1982-09-01

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EP79200475A Expired EP0008832B1 (en) 1978-09-04 1979-08-30 Clockwork with hands comprising a differential-gear mechanism

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US (1) US4259735A (en)
EP (1) EP0008832B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS5537996A (en)
CH (1) CH617815GA3 (en)
DE (1) DE2963613D1 (en)

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Also Published As

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DE2963613D1 (en) 1982-10-28
US4259735A (en) 1981-03-31
CH617815GA3 (en) 1980-06-30
EP0008832A3 (en) 1980-04-02
CH617815B (en)
EP0008832A2 (en) 1980-03-19
JPS5537996A (en) 1980-03-17

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