EP0004106B1 - Method and apparatus for surface treatment of workpieces - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for surface treatment of workpieces Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0004106B1
EP0004106B1 EP79200093A EP79200093A EP0004106B1 EP 0004106 B1 EP0004106 B1 EP 0004106B1 EP 79200093 A EP79200093 A EP 79200093A EP 79200093 A EP79200093 A EP 79200093A EP 0004106 B1 EP0004106 B1 EP 0004106B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
fluid bed
abrasive
gas
nozzles
workpieces
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EP79200093A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0004106A1 (en
Inventor
Werner Dr. Scheiber
Per Otto Aalrust
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority claimed from DE19782809376 external-priority patent/DE2809376A1/en
Priority claimed from DE19792904551 external-priority patent/DE2904551A1/en
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Publication of EP0004106A1 publication Critical patent/EP0004106A1/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B31/00Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor
    • B24B31/10Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor involving other means for tumbling of work
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24CABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C3/00Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants
    • B24C3/08Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants essentially adapted for abrasive blasting of travelling stock or travelling workpieces
    • B24C3/10Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants essentially adapted for abrasive blasting of travelling stock or travelling workpieces for treating external surfaces
    • B24C3/12Apparatus using nozzles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for the surface treatment of workpieces with abrasives, preferably corundum or quartz sand, in an encapsulated container.
  • abrasives preferably corundum or quartz sand
  • the blasting medium is usually spun on in so-called compressed air dry blasting cubicles, with the on and off being controlled by a foot valve and the blasting medium being changed by means of a handle.
  • compressed air dry blasting cubicles with the on and off being controlled by a foot valve and the blasting medium being changed by means of a handle.
  • Another method consists of throwing the blasting material onto the workpieces using rapidly rotating paddle wheels. These paddle wheels can spin 100 to 200 kg of abrasive per minute at a speed of 70 to 80 m / sec onto the surfaces to be cleaned (Metall Design 23 (1969), 262-265).
  • a continuous process for the surface treatment of wire in a encapsulated container is known from US-A-1 400 585 .. wherein an abrasive is held in an air stream and directed onto the surface of the wire by nozzles.
  • the invention has for its object to avoid these and other disadvantages and workpieces, e.g. Pipes or wires, pretreated in a continuous manner by blasting with suitable blasting agents so that the surface is descaled, rusted and degreased and roughened.
  • workpieces e.g. Pipes or wires
  • This object is achieved in that the abrasive is kept in suspension in the encapsulated container by flowing gas as a fluidized bed and that ring-shaped nozzles are arranged within this fluidized bed on the surface of the workpiece, from which a fine gas stream is pressed at high pressure.
  • Inert gases can be used as the inflowing gas in the context of the invention. However, air is preferably used.
  • a prismatic, preferably rotationally symmetrical, shaped body can also be used for the beam treatment.
  • a device suitable for carrying out the invention is characterized by a fluidized bed 2, by first and second locks 9a and 9b for carrying out the workpiece to be treated, by a blower 5 for feeding gases into the lower part 3 of the fluidized bed 2, by a pressure line 7 for feeding of gases, through valves 8a and 8b and through the nozzles 10 arranged in the interior of the fluidized bed 2, through a gas outlet line 11, a separator 12 for separating gas and blasting agent with a return of the blasting agent via a third lock 18 into the fluidized bed 2 and one Discharge 13 for the fine grain into a further separator 14 and a storage container 16 for fresh blasting medium with a fourth lock 19 for feeding the blasting medium into the fluidized bed 2.
  • the device according to the invention is used for the beam treatment of prismatic or rotationally symmetrical shaped bodies instead of continuous workpieces, it is expediently also equipped with brackets 20 and 21 and with a guide carriage 22.
  • the advantages of the Ver driving and the device consist in particular in that it is possible to achieve a large increase in surface area only with a low roughness depth of the blasted workpiece without an environmental nuisance caused by dust or noise.
  • a major advantage is that there is no significant wear on individual parts of the system and that the method and the device according to the invention have a significantly lower energy consumption than the processes and systems belonging to the prior art.
  • the device according to the invention shown in FIG. 1 consists of a fluidized bed 2, through which the workpiece 1 to be blasted is passed through two locks 9a and 9b.
  • a blower 5 is used to gas 3 into the lower box 3 separated from the fluidized bed 2, e.g. Air, injected.
  • gas is pressed into the fluidized bed 2 through the locks 9a and 9b via the valves 8a and 8b, thereby preventing blasting material from escaping.
  • Compressed gas is supplied from the pressure line 7 from the nozzles 10 and is blown out of these at high pressure onto the surface of the continuous molded body 1, with blasting media being continuously entrained by the gas jet.
  • Gas and blasting agent are fed to the cyclone separator 12 via the gas outlet line 11. After the coarse grain has been separated off in the cyclone 12, this is in turn fed back into the fluidized bed 2 via the lock 18.
  • the gas with the fine grain of the abrasive is fed into the cyclone separator 14 and, after separation of the fine grain fraction, is blown out of it via the candle filter 15 built into it.
  • the fine fraction is emptied batchwise from the bottom of the fine separator 14 via the bottom valve 17.
  • the used blasting medium is supplemented from the blasting medium silo 16 via the blasting medium lock 19 and fed to the fluidized bed 2.
  • compressed air nozzles 10 compressed air of 6 atmospheres is inflated with compressed air at a distance of 15 mm from the surface of the continuous molding 1 carried out.
  • the nozzles have a diameter of 0.5 mm.
  • the treatment according to the invention achieves a scale, rust and grease-free surface in accordance with DIN 18 364, rust removal grade 3, which has an average surface roughness of 0.004 mm. A 42-fold increase in surface area is achieved. There is no dust nuisance. The noise pollution is 20 dB (A). The compressed air consumption is 12 m 3 / hour.
  • the steel tube mentioned in the exemplary embodiment is passed through a chamber, into which piano string wire crushed as blasting material with a grain size of 0.8 mm is spun onto the continuous molded body to be treated by four centrifugal wheels under otherwise identical conditions.
  • a scale-free, rust-free and grease-free surface according to DIN 18 364 rust removal grade 3 is achieved, which has an average surface roughness of 0.055 mm. An 18-fold increase in surface area is achieved.
  • the noise pollution is 96 dB (A) at a distance of one meter.
  • the steel tube mentioned in the exemplary embodiment is passed through a blasting chamber in which corundum with a grain size of 0.8 mm is blown from four blasting nozzles with compressed air of 6 atm as the carrier gas.
  • a scale-, rust- and grease-free surface according to DIN 18 364 rust removal grade 3 is achieved, which has an average surface roughness of 0.04 mm.
  • a 25-fold increase in surface area was achieved.
  • the noise pollution was 104 dB (A) at a distance of one meter from the body to be emitted. Compressed air consumption is 500 m 3 per hour. A considerable dust nuisance cannot be ruled out.
  • FIG. 2 shows the method according to the invention in its modification for rotationally symmetrical moldings.
  • Air is injected into the lower part 3 of the fluidized bed 2, thereby keeping the blasting material in the fluidized bed 2 in suspension.
  • a printing roller as used for offset printing machines as ink distribution rollers, is clamped in the holder 20 and is set in a uniform rotational movement by a suitable device. Compressed air is pressed through the pressure line 7 into the slot nozzle 10 and blows at high speed onto the surface of the rotating roller, with blasting material being carried along according to the invention.
  • the surface roughness achieved corresponds to that of embodiment 1.
  • a prismatic shaft body is inserted into a holder 21 and a ring nozzle 10, which corresponds to the cross section of the prismatic body and is supplied with compressed air through a flexible pressure line 7, is pulled over the molded body by a guide carriage 22.
  • the beam result corresponds to that of embodiment 1.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Oberflächenbehandlung von Werkstücken mit Strahlmitteln, vorzugsweise Korund oder Quarzsand, in einem gekapselten Behälter.The invention relates to a method and a device for the surface treatment of workpieces with abrasives, preferably corundum or quartz sand, in an encapsulated container.

Es ist bekannt, daß zur Verbesserung der Haftung von Anstrichen und Kunststoffüberzügen die zu beschichtenden Flächen gereinigt werden müssen. Eine besonders gründliche Reinigung wird durch das sogenannte Strahlen erreicht, wobei Sand, Korund oder Stahlkies auf die zu reinigenden Flächen unter Druck aufgeschleudert werden.It is known that in order to improve the adhesion of paints and plastic coatings, the surfaces to be coated must be cleaned. A particularly thorough cleaning is achieved by so-called blasting, whereby sand, corundum or steel gravel are thrown onto the surfaces to be cleaned under pressure.

Das Aufschleudern des Strahlmittels erfolgt meist in sogenannten Druckluft-Trockenstrahlkabinen, wobei das An- und Abstellen durch Fußventil und der Strahlmittelwechsel durch Handgriff erfolgt. Diese Anlagen sind insbesondere zum Reinigen größerer Teile geeignet.The blasting medium is usually spun on in so-called compressed air dry blasting cubicles, with the on and off being controlled by a foot valve and the blasting medium being changed by means of a handle. These systems are particularly suitable for cleaning larger parts.

Eine weitere Methode besteht darin, das Strahlgut mittels schnell rotierender Schaufelräder auf die Werkstücke zu schleudern. Diese Schaufelräder können pro Minute 100 bis 200 kg Strahlmittel mit einer Geschwindigkeit von 70 bis 80 m/sec auf die zu reinigenden Oberflächen schleudern (Metalloberfläche 23 (1969), 262-265).Another method consists of throwing the blasting material onto the workpieces using rapidly rotating paddle wheels. These paddle wheels can spin 100 to 200 kg of abrasive per minute at a speed of 70 to 80 m / sec onto the surfaces to be cleaned (Metallfläche 23 (1969), 262-265).

Zur schnellen AuBenentzunderung von Rohren Ist eine Anlage vorgeschlagen worden, deren Kopfende aus einer luftleeren Kammer besteht und deren Saugkopf mit einem Schleifmittelbehälter verbunden ist. Das in dem Kopf erzeugte Vakuum läßt das Schleifmittel gleichmäßig aus diesem Behälter fließen, durch eine Anzahl von Düsen tritt es, mittels Preßluft, in die Kammern ein (Metalloberfläche 22 (1968), 344-345).For rapid external descaling of pipes, a system has been proposed whose head end consists of an air-free chamber and whose suction head is connected to an abrasive container. The vacuum created in the head allows the abrasive to flow evenly out of this container, through a number of nozzles it enters the chambers by means of compressed air (Metallfläche 22 (1968), 344-345).

Ferner ist ein Verfahren zur schnellen Reinigung von Werkstücken im Wirbelbett bekannt, wobei Sand durch Preßluft aufgewirbelt und Rückstände aus der Fertigung, wie Öle, Fette, bei Temperaturen bis zu 450 °C entfernt werden. Die Temperatur des Bettes kann konstant gehalten werden und das Verfahren arbeitet automatisch (Metalloberfläche 30 (1976), 495).Furthermore, a process for the rapid cleaning of workpieces in a fluidized bed is known, sand being whirled up by compressed air and residues from manufacture, such as oils, fats, being removed at temperatures up to 450.degree. The temperature of the bed can be kept constant and the process works automatically (Metallfläche 30 (1976), 495).

Durch diese Verfahren ist es möglich, fett-, zunder- und rostfreie Oberflächen nach DIN 18 364 Entrostungsgrad 3 zu erreichen. Es gelingt aber nur eine relativ grobe Aufrauhung mit mäßiger Oberflächenvergrößerung. Weiter haben die genannten Verfahren den Nachteil, daß sie sich aufgrund starken Lärms und schwer zu beherrschender Staubentwicklung umweltbelästigend auswirken. Auch werden bei nach diesem Verfahren arbeitenden Anlagen alle diejenigen Teile, die mit dem Strahlmittel in Berührung kommen, einem extrem hohen Verschleiß ausgesetzt und damit einer laufenden Selbstzerstörung unterworfen. Dies gilt insbesondere für Schläuche und Strahldüsen bei mit Trägergas arbeitenden Anlagen und für die Schleuderräder bei mechanisch arbeitenden Vorrichtungen.These processes make it possible to achieve grease, scale and rust-free surfaces in accordance with DIN 18 364 rust removal grade 3. However, only a relatively rough roughening with moderate surface enlargement is possible. Furthermore, the methods mentioned have the disadvantage that they have an environmental nuisance owing to strong noise and dust which is difficult to control. Also, in plants operating according to this method, all those parts that come into contact with the abrasive are exposed to extremely high wear and thus are subject to ongoing self-destruction. This applies in particular to hoses and jet nozzles in systems operating with carrier gas and to the centrifugal wheels in mechanically operating devices.

Ein kontinuierliches Verfahren zur Oberflächbehandlung von Draht in einem gekapsetten Behälter ist aus der US-A-1 400 585 bekannt.. wobei ein Strahlmittel in einem Luftstrom gehalten und durch Düsen auf die Oberfläche des Drahts gerichtet wird.A continuous process for the surface treatment of wire in a encapsulated container is known from US-A-1 400 585 .. wherein an abrasive is held in an air stream and directed onto the surface of the wire by nozzles.

Die unter Anwendung von Vakuum oder bei höherer Temperatur arbeitenden Verfahren oder Vorrichtungen haben den zusätzlichen Nachteil, daß sie genau überwacht werden müssen und eine hohe Investition erfordern.The processes or devices using vacuum or higher temperature have the additional disadvantage that they have to be monitored closely and require a high investment.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, diese und andere Nachteile zu vermeiden und Werkstücke, z.B. Rohre oder Drähte, durch eine Strahlbehandlung mit geeigneten Strahlmitteln so in kontinuierlicher Weise vorzubehandeln, daß die Oberfläche entzundert, entrostet und entfettet sowie aufgerauht wird.The invention has for its object to avoid these and other disadvantages and workpieces, e.g. Pipes or wires, pretreated in a continuous manner by blasting with suitable blasting agents so that the surface is descaled, rusted and degreased and roughened.

Dabei soll im Hinblick darauf, daß die Werkstücke einer nachträglichen Beschichtung mit Kunststoffen, Lacken oder aber metallischen Materialien unterworfen werden, nur eine sehr geringe Rauhtiefe, aber eine sehr große Oberflächenvergrößerung erzielt werden.In view of the fact that the workpieces are subjected to a subsequent coating with plastics, lacquers or else metallic materials, only a very small roughness depth, but a very large increase in surface area is to be achieved.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß das Strahlmittel im gekapselten Behälter durch aufströmendes Gas als Wirbelschicht in Schwebe gehalten wird und daß man innerhalb dieser Wirbelschicht auf die Oberfläche des Werkstückes ringförmig gerichtete Düsen anordnet, aus denen ein feiner Gasstrom mit hohem Druck gepreßt wird.This object is achieved in that the abrasive is kept in suspension in the encapsulated container by flowing gas as a fluidized bed and that ring-shaped nozzles are arranged within this fluidized bed on the surface of the workpiece, from which a fine gas stream is pressed at high pressure.

Als aufströmendes Gas können im Rahmen der Erfindung Inertgase verwendet werden. Vorzugsweise wird jedoch Luft eingesetzt.Inert gases can be used as the inflowing gas in the context of the invention. However, air is preferably used.

Anstelle eines durchlaufenden Werkstückes kann auch ein prismatischer, vorzugsweise rotationssymmetrischer, Formkörper zur Strahlbehandlung eingesetzt werden.Instead of a continuous workpiece, a prismatic, preferably rotationally symmetrical, shaped body can also be used for the beam treatment.

Eine zur Durchführung der Erfindung geeignete Vorrichtung ist gekennzeichnet durch ein Wirbelbett 2, durch erste und zweite Schleusen 9a und 9b zur Durchführung des zu behandelnden Werkstückes, durch ein Gebläse 5 zur Zuführung von Gasen in den Unterteil3 des Wirbelbettes 2, durch eine Druckleitung 7 zur Zuführung von Gasen, durch Ventile 8a und 8b und durch die im Innern des Wirbelbettes 2 angeordneten Düsen 10, durch eine Gasaustrittsleitung 11, einen Abscheider 12 zur Trennung von Gas und Strahlmittel mit einer Rückführung des Strahlmittels über eine dritte Schleuse 18 in das Wirbelbett 2 und eine Ableitung 13 für das Feinkorn in einen weiteren Abscheider 14 und einen Vorratsbehälter 16 für frisches Strahlmittel mit einer vierten Schleuse 19 zur Zuführung des Strahlmittels in das Wirbelbett 2.A device suitable for carrying out the invention is characterized by a fluidized bed 2, by first and second locks 9a and 9b for carrying out the workpiece to be treated, by a blower 5 for feeding gases into the lower part 3 of the fluidized bed 2, by a pressure line 7 for feeding of gases, through valves 8a and 8b and through the nozzles 10 arranged in the interior of the fluidized bed 2, through a gas outlet line 11, a separator 12 for separating gas and blasting agent with a return of the blasting agent via a third lock 18 into the fluidized bed 2 and one Discharge 13 for the fine grain into a further separator 14 and a storage container 16 for fresh blasting medium with a fourth lock 19 for feeding the blasting medium into the fluidized bed 2.

Wird die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zur Strahlbehandlung von prismatischen oder rotationssymmetrischen Formkörpern anstelle von durchlaufenden Werkstücken eingesetzt, so ist sie zweckmäßig noch mit Halterungen 20 und 21 sowie mit einem Führungswagen 22 ausgestattet.If the device according to the invention is used for the beam treatment of prismatic or rotationally symmetrical shaped bodies instead of continuous workpieces, it is expediently also equipped with brackets 20 and 21 and with a guide carriage 22.

Die Vorteile des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens und der Vorrichtung bestehen insbesondere darin, daß es möglich ist, eine starke Oberflächenvergrößerung nur bei geringer Rauhtiefe des gestrahlten Werkstückes zu erreichen, ohne daß eine Umweltbelästigung durch Staubentwicklung oder durch Lärm eintritt.The advantages of the Ver driving and the device consist in particular in that it is possible to achieve a large increase in surface area only with a low roughness depth of the blasted workpiece without an environmental nuisance caused by dust or noise.

Ein wesentlicher Vorteil ist, daß kein nennenswerter Verschleiß an einzelnen Teilen der Anlage auftritt und daß das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren und die Vorrichtung gegenüber den zum Stand der Technik gehörenden Prozessen und Anlagen einen wesentlich geringeren Energieverbrauch aufweisen.A major advantage is that there is no significant wear on individual parts of the system and that the method and the device according to the invention have a significantly lower energy consumption than the processes and systems belonging to the prior art.

Arbeitsweise des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens und der VorrichtungOperation of the method and device according to the invention

Die in Fig. 1 dargestellte erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung besteht aus einem Fließbett 2, durch welches das zu strahlende durchlaufende Werkstück 1 durch zwei Schleusen 9a und 9b hindurchgeführt wird. Durch ein Gebläse 5 wird in den vom Fließbett 2 abgetrennten Unterkasten 3 Gas, z.B. Luft, eingepreßt. Dieses durchströmt die poröse, gasdurchlässige Schicht 4, bestehend aus Filtertuch oder Metallfritte, und bildet mit dem im Fließbett 2 vorhandenen Strahlgut 6 eine Wirbelschicht aus. Durch die Druckleitung 7 wird über die Ventile 8a und 8b Gas in das Fließbett 2 durch die Schleusen 9a und 9b gedrückt und damit ein Austreten von Strahlgut vermieden. Aus der Druckleitung 7 wird Preßgas aus den Düsen 10 zugeführt und aus diesen mit hohem Druck auf die Oberfläche des Endlosformkörpers 1 aufgeblasen, wobei kontinuierlich Strahlmittel vom Gasstrahl mitgerissen wird. Über die Gasaustrittsleitung 11 wird Gas und Strahlmittel dem Zyklonabscheider 12 zugeführt. Nach Abscheidung des Grobkorns im Zyklon 12 wird dieses über die Schleuse 18 wiederum in das Fließbett 2 zurückgeleitet. Über die Leitung 13 wird das Gas mit dem Feinkorn des Strahlmittels im Zyklonabscheider 14 zugeführt und aus diesem, nach Abscheidung des Feinkornanteils, über das in ihn eingebaute Kerzenfilter 15 ins Freie abgeblasen. Der Feinanteil wird aus dem Boden des Feinabscheiders 14 absatzweise über das Bodenventil 17 entleert. Das verbrauchte Strahlmittel wird aus dem Strahlmittelsilo 16 über die Strahlmittelschleuse 19 ergänzt und dem Fließbett 2 zugeführt.The device according to the invention shown in FIG. 1 consists of a fluidized bed 2, through which the workpiece 1 to be blasted is passed through two locks 9a and 9b. A blower 5 is used to gas 3 into the lower box 3 separated from the fluidized bed 2, e.g. Air, injected. This flows through the porous, gas-permeable layer 4, consisting of filter cloth or metal frit, and forms a fluidized bed with the blasting material 6 present in the fluidized bed 2. Through the pressure line 7, gas is pressed into the fluidized bed 2 through the locks 9a and 9b via the valves 8a and 8b, thereby preventing blasting material from escaping. Compressed gas is supplied from the pressure line 7 from the nozzles 10 and is blown out of these at high pressure onto the surface of the continuous molded body 1, with blasting media being continuously entrained by the gas jet. Gas and blasting agent are fed to the cyclone separator 12 via the gas outlet line 11. After the coarse grain has been separated off in the cyclone 12, this is in turn fed back into the fluidized bed 2 via the lock 18. Via the line 13, the gas with the fine grain of the abrasive is fed into the cyclone separator 14 and, after separation of the fine grain fraction, is blown out of it via the candle filter 15 built into it. The fine fraction is emptied batchwise from the bottom of the fine separator 14 via the bottom valve 17. The used blasting medium is supplemented from the blasting medium silo 16 via the blasting medium lock 19 and fed to the fluidized bed 2.

Ausführungsbeispiel 1Embodiment 1

Ein kontinuierlich aus verformbarem Stahlband hergestelltes Stahlrohr der Dimension 16 x 1,5 mm nach DIN 2394, mit einer Geschwindigkeit von 100 m/min aus der Rohrschweißmaschine kommend, wird als Endlosformkörper kontinuierlich durch das Fließbett 2 der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung geführt. In diesem befindet sich als Strahlgut Korung der Körnung 0,2 mm. Durch sechs ringförmig angeordnete Preßluftdüsen 10 wird Preßluft von 6 atü in feinem Strahl mit einem Abstand von 15 mm zur Oberfläche des durchgeführten Endlosformkörpers 1 mit Preßluft aufgeblasen. Die Düsen haben einen Durchmesser von 0,5 mm.A steel tube 16 x 1.5 mm in accordance with DIN 2394, continuously produced from deformable steel strip, coming out of the tube welding machine at a speed of 100 m / min, is continuously fed through the fluidized bed 2 of the device according to the invention as an endless molded body. In this there is a grain size of 0.2 mm. By means of six annularly arranged compressed air nozzles 10, compressed air of 6 atmospheres is inflated with compressed air at a distance of 15 mm from the surface of the continuous molding 1 carried out. The nozzles have a diameter of 0.5 mm.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Behandlung wird eine zunder-, rost- und fettfreie Oberfläche nach DIN 18 364 Entrostungsgrad 3 erzielt, die eine mittlere Oberflächenrauhigkeit von 0,004 mm aufweist. Dabei wird eine 42-fache Oberflächenvergrößerung erreicht. Es tritt keine Staubbelästigung auf. Die Lärmbelästigung beträgt 20 dB(A). Der Preßluftverbrauch liegt bei 12 m3/Stunde.The treatment according to the invention achieves a scale, rust and grease-free surface in accordance with DIN 18 364, rust removal grade 3, which has an average surface roughness of 0.004 mm. A 42-fold increase in surface area is achieved. There is no dust nuisance. The noise pollution is 20 dB (A). The compressed air consumption is 12 m 3 / hour.

Vergleichsbeispiel 1Comparative Example 1

Das im Ausführungsbeispiel angeführte Stahlrohr wird durch eine Kammer, in welche als Strahlgut zerkleinerter Klaviersaitendraht der Körnung 0,8 mm durch vier Schleuderräder auf den zu behandelnden Endlosformkörper aufgeschleudert wird, unter sonst gleichen Bedingungen geführt.The steel tube mentioned in the exemplary embodiment is passed through a chamber, into which piano string wire crushed as blasting material with a grain size of 0.8 mm is spun onto the continuous molded body to be treated by four centrifugal wheels under otherwise identical conditions.

Es wird eine zunder-, rost- und fettfreie Oberfläche nach DIN 18 364 Entrostungsgrad 3 erzielt, die eine mittlere Oberflächenrauhigkeit von 0,055 mm aufweist. Dabei wird eine 18-fache Oberflächenvergrößerung erreicht. Die Lärmbelästigung beträgt 96 dB(A) im Abstand von einem Meter.A scale-free, rust-free and grease-free surface according to DIN 18 364 rust removal grade 3 is achieved, which has an average surface roughness of 0.055 mm. An 18-fold increase in surface area is achieved. The noise pollution is 96 dB (A) at a distance of one meter.

Vergleichsbeispiel 2Comparative Example 2

Das im Ausführungsbeispiel angeführte Stahlrohr wird durch eine Strahlkammer geführt, in der aus vier Strahldüsen Korund der Körnung 0,8 mm mit Preßluft von 6 atü als Trägergas aufgeblasen wird.The steel tube mentioned in the exemplary embodiment is passed through a blasting chamber in which corundum with a grain size of 0.8 mm is blown from four blasting nozzles with compressed air of 6 atm as the carrier gas.

Es wird eine zunder-, rost- und fettfreie Oberfläche nach DIN 18 364 Entrostungsgrad 3 erzielt, die eine mittlere Oberflächenrauhigkeit von 0,04 mm aufweist. Es wurde eine 25-fache Oberflächenvergrößerung erreicht. Die Lärmbelästigung betrug in einem Meter Abstand vom zu strahlenden Körper 104 dB(A). Der Verbrauch an Preßluft beträgt 500 m3 pro Stunde. Eine erhebliche Staubbelästigung läßt sich nicht ausschließen.A scale-, rust- and grease-free surface according to DIN 18 364 rust removal grade 3 is achieved, which has an average surface roughness of 0.04 mm. A 25-fold increase in surface area was achieved. The noise pollution was 104 dB (A) at a distance of one meter from the body to be emitted. Compressed air consumption is 500 m 3 per hour. A considerable dust nuisance cannot be ruled out.

Ausführungsbeispiel 2Embodiment 2

In Fig. 2 ist das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren in seiner Abwandlung für rotationssymmetrische Formkörper dargestellt. In den Unterteil3 des Wirbelbettes 2 wird Luft eingepreßt und dadurch das Strahlgut im Wirbelbett 2 in Schwebe gehalten. In die Halterung 20 ist eine Druckwalze, wie sie für Offset-Druckmaschinen als Farbverreibewalzen Verwendung finden, eingespannt und wird durch eine geeignete Einrichtung in gleichmäßige Rotationsbewegung versetzt. Durch die Druckleitung 7 wird Preßluft in die Schlitzdüse 10 gedrückt und bläst mit hoher Geschwindigkeit auf die Oberfläche,der rotierenden Walze, wobei erfindungsgemäß Strahlgut mitgerissen wird. Die erzielte Oberflächenrauhigkeit entspricht der des Ausführungsbeispiels 1.2 shows the method according to the invention in its modification for rotationally symmetrical moldings. Air is injected into the lower part 3 of the fluidized bed 2, thereby keeping the blasting material in the fluidized bed 2 in suspension. A printing roller, as used for offset printing machines as ink distribution rollers, is clamped in the holder 20 and is set in a uniform rotational movement by a suitable device. Compressed air is pressed through the pressure line 7 into the slot nozzle 10 and blows at high speed onto the surface of the rotating roller, with blasting material being carried along according to the invention. The surface roughness achieved corresponds to that of embodiment 1.

Ausführungsbeispiel 3Embodiment 3

Hier wird in eine Halterung 21 ein prismatischer Wellenkörper eingesetzt und eine dem Querschnitt des prismatischen Körpers entsprechende RIngdüse 10, welche durch eine flexible Druckleitung 7 mit Preßluft versorgt wird, durch einen Führungswagen 22 über den Formkörper gezogen.Here, a prismatic shaft body is inserted into a holder 21 and a ring nozzle 10, which corresponds to the cross section of the prismatic body and is supplied with compressed air through a flexible pressure line 7, is pulled over the molded body by a guide carriage 22.

Das Strahlergebnis entspricht dem des Ausführungsbeispiels 1.The beam result corresponds to that of embodiment 1.

Claims (2)

1. Process for the surface cleaning of workpieces (1) with abrasives (6), preferably corundum or quartz sand, in a closed chamber (2), characterized by the fluidizing of the abrasive (6) in the closed chamber (2) as a fluid bed by a stream of gas and the direction of nozzles (10) within this fluid bed at the surface of the workpiece (1) ; from these nozzles fine jets of gas are projected at high pressure.
2. Apparatus for carrying out the process as per claim 1, characterized by a fluid bed (2), first and second sluices (9a and 9b) for introduction of the workpieces to be cleaned, a blower (5) to feed the gases into the lower part (3) of the fluid bed (2), a delivery line (7) for supplying the gases, valves (8a and 8b), the nozzles (10) located within the fluid bed (2), a gas outlet pipe (11), a separator (12) to separate thd gas and the abrasive with recirculation of the latter into the fluid bed (2) via a third sluice (18), an off-take (13) for the abrasive fine powder leading into a further separator (14) and a storage chamber (16) for fresh abrasive with a fourth sluice (19) for feeding the abrasive into the fluid bed (2).
EP79200093A 1978-03-04 1979-02-26 Method and apparatus for surface treatment of workpieces Expired EP0004106B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2809376 1978-03-04
DE19782809376 DE2809376A1 (en) 1978-03-04 1978-03-04 Abrasive cleaner for metal strip or wire - consists of chamber with abrasive held in suspension by air jets
DE2904551 1979-02-07
DE19792904551 DE2904551A1 (en) 1979-02-07 1979-02-07 Sealed chamber surface treatment system - has fixed or reciprocating air jets directed onto workpiece inside grinding material suspension

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0004106A1 EP0004106A1 (en) 1979-09-19
EP0004106B1 true EP0004106B1 (en) 1982-04-07

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EP79200093A Expired EP0004106B1 (en) 1978-03-04 1979-02-26 Method and apparatus for surface treatment of workpieces

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US (1) US4258505A (en)
EP (1) EP0004106B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS54129597A (en)
AU (1) AU4476679A (en)
DE (1) DE2962413D1 (en)
DK (1) DK89679A (en)

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CN113828256B (en) * 2021-11-01 2023-04-25 新疆晶硕新材料有限公司 Online material returning method and device

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0004106A1 (en) 1979-09-19
DE2962413D1 (en) 1982-05-19
US4258505A (en) 1981-03-31
JPS54129597A (en) 1979-10-08
DK89679A (en) 1979-09-05
AU4476679A (en) 1979-09-06

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