EP0000943B1 - Device for making through-holes in metal blocks - Google Patents

Device for making through-holes in metal blocks Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0000943B1
EP0000943B1 EP19780100737 EP78100737A EP0000943B1 EP 0000943 B1 EP0000943 B1 EP 0000943B1 EP 19780100737 EP19780100737 EP 19780100737 EP 78100737 A EP78100737 A EP 78100737A EP 0000943 B1 EP0000943 B1 EP 0000943B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
punch
block
die
fact
head
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19780100737
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0000943A1 (en
Inventor
Sebastiano Poggio
Pietro Quercini
Ettore Bianchettin
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VERRINA SpA
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VERRINA SpA
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0000943A1 publication Critical patent/EP0000943A1/en
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Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J9/00—Forging presses
    • B21J9/02—Special design or construction
    • B21J9/025—Special design or construction with rolling or wobbling dies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
    • B21J5/10—Piercing billets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J9/00—Forging presses
    • B21J9/02—Special design or construction
    • B21J9/04—Piercing presses

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for producing through bores in metal blocks, in particular steel blocks with a round cross section, with a block receiving die which is adapted to the outer shape of the metal block and which has a displaceable, retractable with the release of a punch opening in its base, which is to be produced coaxially to that in the metal block Bore arranged counter punch and a coaxial to this counter punch is assigned by a hydraulic press cylinder into the metal block enclosed in the block receiving die, which bears at its front free end facing the block receiving die, a flat, conical driving head on the front side.
  • a hydraulic press cylinder into the metal block enclosed in the block receiving die, which bears at its front free end facing the block receiving die, a flat, conical driving head on the front side.
  • the punch is loaded with the drive head only in the axial direction and pushed through the metal block with a simple longitudinal movement.
  • the production of the hole in the metal block requires a rather large pressing force.
  • the wobble drive on a cone-shaped drive would have to be used to wobble the drive head Surface are moved, the tip of which coincides with the tip of the conical driving head.
  • the punch should have a significantly smaller diameter than the driving head or than the hole to be made in the metal block.
  • the diameter of the punch should decrease with increasing length of the hole to be made.
  • a reduction in the drill punch diameter is only possible to a very limited extent in the devices of the type mentioned at the outset, since the drill punch also has to exert significant axial pressure on the driving head and is therefore exposed to a large buckling load. If the wobbling drive of the drive head known from the flow deformation of workpieces is to be transferred to the device for producing bores in metal blocks described at the outset and thereby achieved in a manner known per se by a corresponding rotary movement of the drill ram on a conical surface, this device could only be used for the production of very wide or flat holes are used and would have a very limited application.
  • the object of the invention is to achieve the advantageous wobble movement of the driving head which reduces the contact pressure in a device of the type described at the outset with particularly simple structural means and without a substantial reduction in the diameter of the ram compared to the diameter of the bore to be produced, and consequently the production of any narrow or long bores with the help of the tumbling drive head.
  • the drill bit can be driven circumferentially about its longitudinal axis and in that the driving head is freely rotatably mounted in the drill bit about an axis of rotation slightly inclined to the longitudinal axis of the drill bit and with a rear sliding surface directed obliquely to the longitudinal axis of the drill bit a corresponding obliquely directed pressure surface of the punch is present.
  • the favorable wobble movement of the conical driving head is achieved in a device of the type described in the introduction by a simple rotary movement of the drill ram about its longitudinal axis.
  • the diameter of the ram therefore only needs to be slightly narrower than the diameter of the driving head or the bore to be produced and is independent of the depth of the bore. As a result, it is possible to produce very deep or very long through holes in metal blocks.
  • 1 is a metal block, in particular a steel block, which has a circular cylindrical outer shape, i.e. is designed as a round block and with a coaxial, i.e. center, also cylindrical, through hole 101 is to be provided.
  • the metal block 1 is designed in a manner that matches its external shape, i.e. cylindrical interior of a tubular block receiving die 2 composed of two die halves 102, 202 included.
  • the tubular block receiving die 2 is non-rotatable but axially displaceable by means of sliding rollers in a box-shaped die holder 3, which consists of a lower, fixed die holder half 203 and an upper die holder half 103 which can be opened about the axis 5.
  • a particularly good, non-rotatable, axially displaceable guidance of the block receiving die 2 in the die holder 3 is achieved in that the block receiving die 2 has a non-circular, in particular polygonal, e.g. has hexagonal outer profile.
  • the two holder halves 103 and 203 are each equipped on their inside with two flat sliding roller tables 4, which are directed at an angle to one another and parallel to an outer, flat, longitudinal sliding surface of the block receiving die 2.
  • the two-part, box-shaped die holder 3 is closed and opened with the aid of at least one hydraulic locking cylinder 6.
  • This lock cylinder 6 is e.g. pivoted about the axis 7 on the lower die holder half 203, while its piston rod in 8 is articulated on the upper die holder half 103.
  • Each locking and tensioning device consists of a hydraulic tensioning cylinder 9 which is pivotally mounted between two vertical, laterally projecting tabs 11 of the lower die holder half 203.
  • the piston rod 12 of this clamping cylinder 9 extends upwards through the gap formed between two vertical, laterally projecting tabs 13 of the upper die holder half 103. Above these tabs 13, the piston rod 12 of the tensioning cylinder 9 has a conically expanded coupling head 14, to which a corresponding conical receptacle in the upper edge of the two tabs 13 is assigned.
  • the pivotally mounted clamping cylinder 9 can be pivoted using a hydraulic adjusting cylinder 15.
  • the coupling head 14 By lifting the piston rod 12 of the tensioning cylinder 9, the coupling head 14 is disengaged from the associated upper receptacle of the tabs 13 and the tensioning cylinder 9 can be pivoted outward in the direction of arrow F1 of FIG. 2 with the aid of the adjustment cylinder 15. As a result, the piston rod 12 with the coupling head 14 is pivoted out of the gap between the tabs 13.
  • the upper die holder half 103 can then be opened. When the die holder 3 is open, the block receiving die 2 with the metal block 1 enclosed therein can be easily and quickly lifted out of the die holder 3 or inserted into it.
  • the tensioning cylinder 9 is pivoted back with the aid of the adjusting cylinder 15 in the opposite direction to the arrow F1 in FIG. 2, the piston rod 12 with the coupling head 14 being pivoted in between the two associated tabs 13 of the upper die holder half 103.
  • the piston rod 12 of the clamping cylinder 9 is then pulled down.
  • the coupling head 14 consequently engages in the corresponding upper receptacle of the two tabs 13 and braces the upper die holder half 103 firmly with the lower die holder half 203.
  • the two die holder halves 103, 203 are provided with centering pins 16 and associated centering bores 17.
  • the two-part block receiving die 2 is automatically opened and closed simultaneously with the two-part die holder 3.
  • the upper die half 102 can in particular be detachably and displaceably connected to the upper die holder half 103 in the longitudinal direction.
  • the upper die half 102 has an outer, longitudinally oriented web 60 which is T-shaped in cross section and which slidably engages in a correspondingly profiled inner groove 61 of the upper die holder half 103.
  • a stationary counter pressure body 18 which has a cylindrical projection 118 projecting forward and coaxial with the block receiving die 2.
  • This approach 118 fits into the rear empty end of the tubular block receiving die 2 and forms the die bottom against the metal block 1.
  • the rear section of the tubular block receiving die 2 engages longitudinally displaceably, at least at the beginning of a work process, in a corresponding, ring-shaped guide and centering groove 19 provided in the counterpressure body 18.
  • a hydraulic Ge 2 which is coaxial with the block receiving die gene pressure cylinder 20 is provided, which is completed on the back with a cover 21.
  • the piston 22 of this counter-pressure cylinder 20 is connected to a cylindrical counter-punch 23, which extends through a chamber 24, which is provided in the counter-pressure body 18 and is open laterally and / or downwards, and into a subsequent, central, continuous punching opening 25 of the front, forming the die base.
  • cylindrical approach 118 engages appropriately.
  • This counter-punch 23 has the same diameter of the through-bore 101 to be produced in the metal block 1 and is flush with the front, flush with the front, flat surface of the cylindrical extension 118, ie with the die bottom. The counter-punch 23 thus forms the middle part of the die bottom and bears against the metal block 1 enclosed in the die 2.
  • a drill punch 26 coaxial with and to the counter punch 23, which can be displaced in the axial direction by a hydraulic press cylinder 27 and about its longitudinal axis by any drive motor 28, e.g. can be rotated by a coaxial hydraulic motor.
  • the press cylinder 27 is connected to the counterpressure body 18 via longitudinal tie rods 29 which engage on the one hand on laterally projecting tabs 30 of the counterpressure body 18 and on the other hand on a flange 31 of the press cylinder 27.
  • the tubular piston 32 of the press cylinder 27 is axially displaceable but non-rotatably guided on an inner tubular guide projection 33 of the cylinder cover 34.
  • a hollow punch holder head 35 in which the punch 26 is rotatably mounted, is firmly connected to the piston 32 of the press cylinder 27.
  • the drive motor 28 for the rotary movement of the drilling punch 26 is also fastened.
  • the stamp holder head 35 can also be provided with vibrators 36.
  • the drill punch 26 consists of two tubular, mutually coaxial punch bodies 126, 226 which are arranged one inside the other and form an annular intermediate chamber 37 for a cooling liquid.
  • the outer tubular punch body 226 is sealed off with the aid of a short, cylindrical punch end section 38.
  • This stamp end section 38 is screwed with its inner threaded shaft 38 'sealingly into a head-side threaded bore of the inner tubular stamp body 126.
  • a driving head 39 is provided, which is slightly rotated about a longitudinal axis or axis of rotation of the drilling die 26, e.g. is freely rotatable by 1 ° -10 °, preferably by 4 ° -7 ° inclined axis.
  • the drive head 39 has a rear pin 40 which is rotatably mounted in a blind bore 42 of the stamp end section 38 with the aid of a bearing bush 41.
  • the rear, flat end surface 139 of the drive head 39 is perpendicular to the inclined axis of rotation of the drive head 39 and bears against a correspondingly obliquely directed, flat, front end surface 138 of the stamp end section 38.
  • the driving head 39 widens somewhat conically towards the front and its front end face 43 is flat conical, e.g. has a cone angle of 165 ° -175 °, preferably of 170 °.
  • the freely rotatable driving head 39 of the punch 26 is cooled by circulation of a cooling liquid.
  • the cooling liquid is fed through the intermediate chamber 37 of the ram 26 used as a flow and flows through a channel system 44, 45, 46 connected to it in the ram end section 38 and in the driving head 39.
  • the cooling liquid is returned axially through a centrally provided in the driving head 39 through the pivot pin 40, which flows out into the blind bore 42 and through a further connecting reflux channel 48, which is provided in the center in the punch end section 38 and in the threaded shaft 138 and is connected to the cavity 49 of the inner, tubular ram body 126 serving as a return.
  • the channels 45 in the stamp end section 38 are connected to the channels 46 in the drive head 39 via a flat, annular flow chamber 50, which is formed between the stamp end section 38 and the drive head 39 and is delimited by sealing rings 51, 52.
  • the ram 26 is pressed in the axial direction into the metal block 1 enclosed in the block receiving die 2 by the piston 32 of the hydraulic press cylinder 27.
  • the metal displaced by the pressed-in punch 26 flows back around the punch 26 in the axial direction.
  • This backflow of the displaced metal under the pressure of the punch 26 is accompanied by a corresponding longitudinal displacement of the block receiving die 2 in the die holder 3, so that the friction between the extruded metal and the block receiving die 2 is avoided.
  • the rotation of the Bohrstempels 26 about its longitudinal axis and the arrangement of the two obliquely directed abutment surfaces 138 and 139 between the Bohrstempel 26 on the one hand and freely rotatable driving head 39 on the other hand cause namely a wobbling motion of the driving head 39 which, consequently, with its forward conical end surface 43 on the Bottom of the hole being formed in the metal block 1 rolls.
  • the drive head 39 of the plunger 26 is therefore only in contact with the bottom surface of the bore in the metal block 1 which is being formed in the region of a linear or strip-shaped, very narrow, radial pressure surface which corresponds to a generator of the front conical end surface 43 of the drive head and is continuous rotates at the speed of rotation of the punch 26.
  • the axial pressure exerted by the punch 26 is concentrated on a narrow, radial, circumferential surface, and very high specific pressures result.
  • the pressure exerted by the press cylinder 27 can also be reduced accordingly.
  • the vibrations generated by the vibrators 36 prevent jamming and jamming of both the punch 26 in the bore 101 in the metal block 1 and the piston 32 in the press cylinder 27.
  • the counter-punch 23 is withdrawn in the axial direction or relieved of the corresponding supporting pressure by opening the return line of the hydraulic counter-pressure cylinder 20.
  • the middle punch opening 25 in the base part 118 of the block receiving die 2 is released and the remaining bottom disc of the blind hole produced in the metal block 1 by the previous pressing in of the punch 26 is sheared off in the course of the same pushing-in movement as soon as the axial pressure exerted by the punch 26 provides the shearing force achieved sufficient value.
  • the sheared bottom disk of the blind bore is ejected from the punch 26 through the punch opening 25 into the chamber 24.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von durchgehenden Bohrungen in Metallblöcken, insbesondere Stahlblöcken mit rundem Querschnitt, mit einer der Aussenform des Metallblocks angepassten Blockaufnahmematrize, die in ihrem Boden einen ver- .schiebbaren, unter Freigabe einer Stanzöffnung zurückziehbaren, koaxial zu der im Metallblock herzustellenden Bohrung angeordneten Gegenstempel aufweist und einem koaxial zu diesem Gegenstempel durch einen hydraulischen Presszylinder in den in der Blockaufnahmematrize eingeschlossenen Metallblock eindrückbaren Bohrstempel zugeordnet ist, der an seinem vorderen, der Blockaufnahmematrize zugekehrten, freien Ende einen vorderseitig flach kegelförmigen Treibkopf trägt. Eine solche Vorrichtung wird in der US - A - 2 732 738 beschrieben.The invention relates to a device for producing through bores in metal blocks, in particular steel blocks with a round cross section, with a block receiving die which is adapted to the outer shape of the metal block and which has a displaceable, retractable with the release of a punch opening in its base, which is to be produced coaxially to that in the metal block Bore arranged counter punch and a coaxial to this counter punch is assigned by a hydraulic press cylinder into the metal block enclosed in the block receiving die, which bears at its front free end facing the block receiving die, a flat, conical driving head on the front side. Such a device is described in US-A-2,732,738.

Bei den bekannten Vorrichtungen dieser Art wird der Bohrstempel mit dem Treibkopf nur in axialer Richtung belastet und mit einer einfachen längsgerichteten Bewegung durch den Metallblock durchgedrückt. Die Herstellung der Bohrung im Metallblock erfordert infolgedessen eine ziemlich grosse Presskraft.In the known devices of this type, the punch is loaded with the drive head only in the axial direction and pushed through the metal block with a simple longitudinal movement. As a result, the production of the hole in the metal block requires a rather large pressing force.

Zur Herabsetzung der Presskraft bei der Fliessverformung von Metallwerkstücken ist es bereits bekannt (Machine Design, vol.46, Nr.1 January 10, 1974, S. 107-109), taumelnd angetriebene Arbeitsstempel mit flach kegelförmiger Vorderfläche zu benutzen. Die taumelnde Bewegung dieser bekannten kegelförmigen Arbeitsstempel wird durch eine entsprechende pendelnde Umlaufbewegung des Arbeitsstempelhalters erzielt. Soll also die an sich aus der fliesspressenden Umformung von Werkstücken bekannte, zur Herabsetzung der Presskraft vorteilhafte, taumelnde Bewegung des Arbeitsstempels auch in der eingangs beschriebenen Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von durchgehenden Bohrungen in Metallblöcken angewendet werden, müsste zum taumelnden Antrieb des Treibkopfes der Bohrstempel auf einer kegelförmigen Fläche bewegt werden, deren Spitze etwa mit der Spitze des kegelförmigen Treibkopfes zusammen fällt. Dies bedeutet, dass zur Erzielung der taumelnden Bewegung des Treibkopfes der Bohrstempel einen bedeutend kleineren Durchmesser als der Treibkopf bzw. als die im Metallblock herzustellende Bohrung aufweisen müsste. Ausserdem müsste der Durchmesser des Bohrstempels mit zunehmender Länge der herzustellenden Bohrung abnehmen. Eine Herabsetzung des Bohr, stempeldurchmessers ist aber bei den Vorrichtungen der eingangs genannten Art nur in sehr beschränktem Mass möglich, da der Bohrstempel auch einen bedeutenden axialen Druck auf den Treibkopf ausüben muss und deshalb einer grossen Knickbelastung ausgesetzt ist. Soll also der aus der Fliessverformung von Werkstücken bekannte taumelnde Antrieb des Treibkopfes auf die eingangs beschriebene Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Bohrungen in Metallblöcken übertragen und dabei in an sich bekannter Weise durch eine entsprechende Umlaufbewegung des Bohrstempels auf einer kegelförmigen Fläche erzielt werden, könnte diese Vorrichtung nur für die Herstellung von sehr breiten bzw. flachen Bohrungen verwendet werden und würde ein sehr stark beschränktes Anwendungsgebiet aufweisen.To reduce the pressing force in the flow deformation of metal workpieces, it is already known (Machine Design, vol.46, No. 1 January 10, 1974, pp. 107-109) to use tumbling driven working stamps with a flat, conical front surface. The wobbling movement of these known conical work stamps is achieved by a corresponding oscillating circular movement of the work stamp holder. So if the wobbling movement of the work punch, which is known per se from the extrusion-forming of workpieces and is advantageous for reducing the pressing force, is also to be used in the above-described device for producing through bores in metal blocks, the wobble drive on a cone-shaped drive would have to be used to wobble the drive head Surface are moved, the tip of which coincides with the tip of the conical driving head. This means that, in order to achieve the wobbling movement of the driving head, the punch should have a significantly smaller diameter than the driving head or than the hole to be made in the metal block. In addition, the diameter of the punch should decrease with increasing length of the hole to be made. A reduction in the drill punch diameter is only possible to a very limited extent in the devices of the type mentioned at the outset, since the drill punch also has to exert significant axial pressure on the driving head and is therefore exposed to a large buckling load. If the wobbling drive of the drive head known from the flow deformation of workpieces is to be transferred to the device for producing bores in metal blocks described at the outset and thereby achieved in a manner known per se by a corresponding rotary movement of the drill ram on a conical surface, this device could only be used for the production of very wide or flat holes are used and would have a very limited application.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, die vorteilhafte, die Anpresskraft herabsetzende Taumelbewegung des Treibkopfes in einer Vorrichtung der eingangs beschriebenen Art mit besonders einfachen baulichen Mitteln und ohne wesentliche Herabsetzung des Bohrstempeldurchmessers gegenüber dem Durchmesser der herzustellenden Bohrung zu erzielen und infolgedessen die Herstellung von beliebig schmalen bzw. langen Bohrungen mit Hilfe des taumelnd angetriebenen Treibkopfes zu ermögjichen.The object of the invention is to achieve the advantageous wobble movement of the driving head which reduces the contact pressure in a device of the type described at the outset with particularly simple structural means and without a substantial reduction in the diameter of the ram compared to the diameter of the bore to be produced, and consequently the production of any narrow or long bores with the help of the tumbling drive head.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäss dadurch gelöst, dass der Bohrstempel um seine Längsachse umlaufend antreibbar ist, und dass der Treibkopf um eine zu der Längsachse des Bohrstempels etwas geneigte Drehachse frei drehbar im Bohrstempel gelagert ist und mit einer hinteren, schräg zur Längsachse des Bohrstempel gerichteten Gleitfläche gegen eine entsprechend schräg gerichtete Druckfläche des Bohrstempels anliegt.This object is achieved according to the invention in that the drill bit can be driven circumferentially about its longitudinal axis and in that the driving head is freely rotatably mounted in the drill bit about an axis of rotation slightly inclined to the longitudinal axis of the drill bit and with a rear sliding surface directed obliquely to the longitudinal axis of the drill bit a corresponding obliquely directed pressure surface of the punch is present.

Erfindungsgemäss wird also in einer Vorrichtung der eingangs beschriebenen Art die günstige Taumelbewegung des kegelförmigen Treibkopfes durch eine einfache Drehbewegung des Bohrstempels um siene Längsachse erzielt. Der Durchmesser des Bohrstempels braucht deshalb nur geringfügig schmaler als der Durchmesser des Treibkopfes bzw. der herzustellenden Bohrung zu sein und ist von der Tiefe der Bohrung unabhängig. Es ist infolgedessen möglich, auch sehr tiefe bzw. sehr lange durchgehende Bohrungen in Metallblöcken herzustellen.According to the invention, the favorable wobble movement of the conical driving head is achieved in a device of the type described in the introduction by a simple rotary movement of the drill ram about its longitudinal axis. The diameter of the ram therefore only needs to be slightly narrower than the diameter of the driving head or the bore to be produced and is independent of the depth of the bore. As a result, it is possible to produce very deep or very long through holes in metal blocks.

Die Erfindung ist nachstehend anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellen Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert.

  • Fig. 1 zeigt in seitlichem aufriss eine erfindungsgemässe Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von durchgehenden Bohrungen in Metallblöcken; Fig. 2 zeigt in grösserem Masstab die Blockaufnahmematrize und den zweiteiligen Matrizenhalter, gesehen in der Pfeilrichtung 11-11 der Fig. 1; Fig. 3 ist ein vertikaler Längsschnitt durch die Blockaufnahmematrize und den Matrizenhalter und zeigt auch das vordere Ende des Bohrstempels mit dem taumelnden Treibkopf; Fig. 4 ist ein teilweiser Längsschnitt durch den Bohrstempel und dessen Presszylinder; Fig. 5 ist ein Teillängsschnitt in grösserem Masstab durch den vorderen Endabschnitt des Bohrstempels.
The invention is explained below with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawing.
  • Fig. 1 shows a side elevation of a device according to the invention for producing through holes in metal blocks; Fig. 2 shows on a larger scale the block receiving die and the two-part die holder, seen in the direction of arrow 11-11 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a vertical longitudinal section through the block receiving die and the die holder and also shows the front end of the ram with the tumbling drive head; Fig. 4 is a partial longitudinal section through the ram and its press cylinder; Fig. 5 is a partial longitudinal section on a larger scale through the front end section of the punch.

In der Zeichnung Fig. 2 ist 1 ein Metallblock, insbesondere ein Stahlblock, der eine kreiszylindrische Aussenform aufweist, d.h. als Rundblock ausgebildet ist und mit einer koaxialen, d.h. mittigen, ebenfalls zylindrischen, durchgehenden Bohrung 101 versehen werden soll. Zu diesem Zweck wird der Metallblock 1 in dem zu seiner Aussenform passend ausgebildeten, d.h. zylindrischen Innenraum einer rohrförmigen, aus zwei Matrizenhälften 102, 202 zusammengesetzten Blockaufnahmematrize 2 eingeschlossen. Die rohrförmige Blockaufnahmematrize 2 ist unverdrehbar, jedoch axial verschiebbar mittels Gleitrollen in einem kastenförmigen Matrizenhalter 3 gelagert, der aus einer unteren, festen Matrizenhalterhälfte 203 und einer oberen, um die Achse 5 aufklappbaren Matrizenhalterhälfte 103 besteht.In the drawing Fig. 2, 1 is a metal block, in particular a steel block, which has a circular cylindrical outer shape, i.e. is designed as a round block and with a coaxial, i.e. center, also cylindrical, through hole 101 is to be provided. For this purpose, the metal block 1 is designed in a manner that matches its external shape, i.e. cylindrical interior of a tubular block receiving die 2 composed of two die halves 102, 202 included. The tubular block receiving die 2 is non-rotatable but axially displaceable by means of sliding rollers in a box-shaped die holder 3, which consists of a lower, fixed die holder half 203 and an upper die holder half 103 which can be opened about the axis 5.

Eine besonders gute, unverdrehbare, axial verschiebbare Führung der Blockaufnahmematrize 2 im Matrizenhalter 3 wird dadurch erzielt, dass die Blockaufnahmematrize 2 im Quershnitt ein unrundes, insbesondere vieleckiges, z.B. sechseckiges Aussenprofil aufweist. Die beiden Halterhälften 103 und 203 sind dabei auf ihrer Innenseite mit je zwei ebenen Gleitrollgängen 4 ausgerüstet, die im Winkel zueinander und parallel zu je einer äusseren, ebenen, längsgerichteten Gleitfläche der Blockaufnahmematrize 2 gerichtet sind.A particularly good, non-rotatable, axially displaceable guidance of the block receiving die 2 in the die holder 3 is achieved in that the block receiving die 2 has a non-circular, in particular polygonal, e.g. has hexagonal outer profile. The two holder halves 103 and 203 are each equipped on their inside with two flat sliding roller tables 4, which are directed at an angle to one another and parallel to an outer, flat, longitudinal sliding surface of the block receiving die 2.

Der zweiteilige, kastenförmige Matrizenhalter 3 wird mit Hilfe mindestens eines hydraulischen Schliesszylinders 6 geschlossen und geöffnet. Dieser Schliesszylinder 6 ist z.B. um die Achse 7 schwenkbar an der unteren Matrizenhalterhälfte 203 gelagert, während seine Kolbenstange in 8 an der oberen Matrizenhalterhälfte 103 angelenkt ist. Zur Verbindung der beiden Matrizenhalterhälften 103, 203 untereinander in der Schliesstellung des Matrizenhalters 3 sind über die Länge des Matrizenhalters 3 verteilte Verriegelungs- und Spannvorrichtungen vorgesehen. Jede Verriegelungs- und Spannvorrichtung besteht aus einem hydraulischen Spannzylinder 9, der schwenkbar zwischen zwei vertikalen, seitlich vorspringenden Laschen 11 der unteren Matrizenhalterhälfte 203 gelagert ist. Die Kolbenstange 12 dieses Spannzylinders 9 erstreckt sich nach oben durch den zwischen zwei vertikalen, seitlich vorspringenden Laschen 13 der oberen Matrizenhalterhälfte 103 gebildeten Spalt. Oberhalb dieser Laschen 13 weist die Kolbenstange 12 des Spannzylinders 9 einen kegelförmig erweiterten Kupplungskopf 14 auf, dem eine entsprechende kegelförmige Aufnahme in dem oberen Rand der beiden Laschen 13 zugeordnet ist. Der schwenkbar gelagerte Spannzylinder 9 kann mit Hilfe eines hydraulischen Verstellzylinders 15 verschwenkt werden.The two-part, box-shaped die holder 3 is closed and opened with the aid of at least one hydraulic locking cylinder 6. This lock cylinder 6 is e.g. pivoted about the axis 7 on the lower die holder half 203, while its piston rod in 8 is articulated on the upper die holder half 103. To connect the two die holder halves 103, 203 to one another in the closed position of the die holder 3, locking and tensioning devices distributed over the length of the die holder 3 are provided. Each locking and tensioning device consists of a hydraulic tensioning cylinder 9 which is pivotally mounted between two vertical, laterally projecting tabs 11 of the lower die holder half 203. The piston rod 12 of this clamping cylinder 9 extends upwards through the gap formed between two vertical, laterally projecting tabs 13 of the upper die holder half 103. Above these tabs 13, the piston rod 12 of the tensioning cylinder 9 has a conically expanded coupling head 14, to which a corresponding conical receptacle in the upper edge of the two tabs 13 is assigned. The pivotally mounted clamping cylinder 9 can be pivoted using a hydraulic adjusting cylinder 15.

Durch Anheben der Kolbenstange 12 des Spannzylinders 9 wird der Kupplungskopf 14 aus der zugeordneten oberen Aufnahme der Laschen 13 ausgerückt und der Spannzylinder 9 kann mit Hilfe des Verstellzylinders 15 nach aussen in der Pfeilrichtung F1 der Fig. 2 verschwenkt werden. Dadurch wird die Kolbenstange 12 mit dem Kupplungskopf 14 aus dem Spalt zwischen den Laschen 13 ausgeschwenkt. Die obere Matrizenhalterhälfte 103 kann dann aufgeklappt werden. Bei offenem Matrizenhalter 3 kann die Blockaufnahmematrize 2 mit dem darin eingeschlossenen Metallblock 1 leicht und schnell aus dem Matrizenhalter 3 gehoben bzw. in diesen eingesetzt werden. Nach dem Schliessen des Matrizenhalters 3 wird der Spannzylinder 9 mit Hilfe des Verstellzylinders 15 in entgegengesetzter Richtung zu dem Pfeil F1 der Fig. 2 zurückgeschwenkt, wobei die Kolbenstange 12 mit dem Kupplungskopf 14 zwischen die beiden zugeordneten Laschen 13 der oberen Matrizenhalterhälfte 103 eingeschwenkt wird. Anschliessend wird die Kolbenstange 12 des Spannzylinders 9 nach unten gezogen. Der Kupplungskopf 14 greift infolgedessen in die entsprechende obere Aufnahme der beiden Laschen 13 ein und verspannt die obere Matrizenhalterhälfte 103 fest mit der unteren Matrizenhalterhälfte 203. Die beiden Matrizenhalterhälften 103, 203 sind mit Zentrierzapfen 16 und zugeordneten Zentrierbohrungen 17 versehen.By lifting the piston rod 12 of the tensioning cylinder 9, the coupling head 14 is disengaged from the associated upper receptacle of the tabs 13 and the tensioning cylinder 9 can be pivoted outward in the direction of arrow F1 of FIG. 2 with the aid of the adjustment cylinder 15. As a result, the piston rod 12 with the coupling head 14 is pivoted out of the gap between the tabs 13. The upper die holder half 103 can then be opened. When the die holder 3 is open, the block receiving die 2 with the metal block 1 enclosed therein can be easily and quickly lifted out of the die holder 3 or inserted into it. After the die holder 3 has been closed, the tensioning cylinder 9 is pivoted back with the aid of the adjusting cylinder 15 in the opposite direction to the arrow F1 in FIG. 2, the piston rod 12 with the coupling head 14 being pivoted in between the two associated tabs 13 of the upper die holder half 103. The piston rod 12 of the clamping cylinder 9 is then pulled down. The coupling head 14 consequently engages in the corresponding upper receptacle of the two tabs 13 and braces the upper die holder half 103 firmly with the lower die holder half 203. The two die holder halves 103, 203 are provided with centering pins 16 and associated centering bores 17.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung wird die zweiteilige Blockaufnahmematrize 2 selbsttätig gleichzeitig mit dem zweiteiligen Matrizenhalter 3 geöffnet und geschlossen. Zu diesem Zweck kann die obere Matrizenhälfte 102 insbesondere lösbar und in Längsrichtung verschiebbar mit der oberen Matrizenhalterhälfte 103 verbunden sein. Bei dem in Fig. 2 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel weist die obere Matrizenhälfte 102 einen äusseren, längsgerichteten, im Querschnitt T-förmigen Steg 60 auf, der Längsverschiebbar in eine entsprechend profilierte innere Nut 61 der oberen Matrizenhalterhälfte 103 eingreift.In an advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention, the two-part block receiving die 2 is automatically opened and closed simultaneously with the two-part die holder 3. For this purpose, the upper die half 102 can in particular be detachably and displaceably connected to the upper die holder half 103 in the longitudinal direction. In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the upper die half 102 has an outer, longitudinally oriented web 60 which is T-shaped in cross section and which slidably engages in a correspondingly profiled inner groove 61 of the upper die holder half 103.

An dem hinteren Ende des Matrizenhalters 3 ist ein ortsfester Gegendruckkörper 18 angeordnet, der einen nach vorn vorspringenden, zylindrischen, zu der Blockaufnahmematrize 2 koaxialen Ansatz 118 aufweist. Dieser Ansatz 118 greift passend in das hintere leere Ende der rohrförmigen Blockaufnahmematrize 2 ein und bildet den gegen den Metallblock 1 anliegenden Matrizenboden. Der hintere Abschnitt der rohrförmigen Blockaufnahmematrize 2 greift zumindest am Anfang eines Arbeitsvorgangs längsverschiebbar in eine entsprechende, ringförmige, im Gegendruckkörper 18 vorgesehene Führungs- und Zentriernut 19 ein.At the rear end of the die holder 3 there is a stationary counter pressure body 18 which has a cylindrical projection 118 projecting forward and coaxial with the block receiving die 2. This approach 118 fits into the rear empty end of the tubular block receiving die 2 and forms the die bottom against the metal block 1. The rear section of the tubular block receiving die 2 engages longitudinally displaceably, at least at the beginning of a work process, in a corresponding, ring-shaped guide and centering groove 19 provided in the counterpressure body 18.

In dem hinteren Abschnitt des ortsfesten Gegendruckkörpers 18 ist ein hydraulischer, zur Blockaufnahmematrize 2 koaxialer Gegendruckzylinder 20 vorgesehen, der rückseitig mit einem Deckel 21 abgeschlossen ist. Der Kolben 22 dieses Gegendruckzylinders 20 ist mit einem zylindrischen Gegenstempel 23 verbunden, der sich durch eine im Gegendruckkörper 18 vorgesehene, seitlich und/oder nach unten offene Kammer 24 erstreckt und in eine anschliessende, mittlere, durchgehende Stanzöffnung 25 des den Matrizenboden bildenden, vorderen, zylindrischen Ansatzes 118 passend eingreift. Dieser Gegenstempel 23 weist den selben Durchmesser der im Metallblock 1 herzustellenden, durchgehenden Bohrung 101 auf und schliesst vorderseitig fluchtend mit der vorderen, ebenen Fläche des zylindrischen Ansatzes 118 d.h. mit dem Matrizenboden ab. Der Gegenstempel 23 bildet also den mittleren Teil des Matrizenbodens und liegt gegen den in der Matrize 2 eingeschlossenen Metallblock 1 an.In the rear section of the stationary counterpressure body 18 is a hydraulic Ge 2, which is coaxial with the block receiving die gene pressure cylinder 20 is provided, which is completed on the back with a cover 21. The piston 22 of this counter-pressure cylinder 20 is connected to a cylindrical counter-punch 23, which extends through a chamber 24, which is provided in the counter-pressure body 18 and is open laterally and / or downwards, and into a subsequent, central, continuous punching opening 25 of the front, forming the die base. cylindrical approach 118 engages appropriately. This counter-punch 23 has the same diameter of the through-bore 101 to be produced in the metal block 1 and is flush with the front, flush with the front, flat surface of the cylindrical extension 118, ie with the die bottom. The counter-punch 23 thus forms the middle part of the die bottom and bears against the metal block 1 enclosed in the die 2.

Auf der vorderen Seite der Blockaufnahmematrize 2 und des Matrizenhalters 3 ist ein dazu und zu dem Gegenstempel 23 koaxialer Bohrstempel 26 angeordnet, der in axialer Richtung durch einen hydraulischen Presszylinder 27 verschiebbar und um seine Längsachse durch einen beliebigen Antriebsmotor 28, z.B. durch einen koaxialen hydraulischen Motor drehbar ist. Bei dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist der Presszylinder 27 mit dem Gegendruckkörper 18 über längsgerichtete Zugstangen 29 verbunden, die einerseits an seitlich vorspringenden Laschen 30 des Gegendruckkörpers 18 und andererseits an einem Flansch 31 des Presszylinders 27 angreifen. Der rohrförmig ausgebildete Kolben 32 des Presszylinders 27 ist axial verschiebbar jedoch unverdrehbar auf einem inneren rohrförmigen Führungsansatz 33 des Zylinderdeckels 34 geführt. Mit dem Kolben 32 des Presszylinders 27 ist ein hohler Stempelhalterkopf 35 fest verbunden, in dem der Bohrstempel 26 drehbar gelagert ist. In diesem Stempelhalterkopf 35 ist auch der Antriebsmotor 28 für die Drehbewegung des Bohrstempels 26 befestigt. Der Stempelhalterkopf 35 kann auch mit Vibratoren 36 versehen sein.On the front side of the block receiving die 2 and the die holder 3 there is a drill punch 26 coaxial with and to the counter punch 23, which can be displaced in the axial direction by a hydraulic press cylinder 27 and about its longitudinal axis by any drive motor 28, e.g. can be rotated by a coaxial hydraulic motor. In the illustrated embodiment, the press cylinder 27 is connected to the counterpressure body 18 via longitudinal tie rods 29 which engage on the one hand on laterally projecting tabs 30 of the counterpressure body 18 and on the other hand on a flange 31 of the press cylinder 27. The tubular piston 32 of the press cylinder 27 is axially displaceable but non-rotatably guided on an inner tubular guide projection 33 of the cylinder cover 34. A hollow punch holder head 35, in which the punch 26 is rotatably mounted, is firmly connected to the piston 32 of the press cylinder 27. In this punch holder head 35, the drive motor 28 for the rotary movement of the drilling punch 26 is also fastened. The stamp holder head 35 can also be provided with vibrators 36.

Der Bohrstempel 26 besteht aus zwei rohrförmigen, zueinander koaxialen Stempelkörpern 126, 226, die ineinander angeordnet sind und eine ringförmige Zwischenkammer 37 für eine Kühlflüssigkeit bilden. An dem vorderen, freien Ende des Bohrstempels 26 ist der äussere rohrförmige Stempelkörper 226 mit Hilfe eines kurzen, zylindrischen Stempelendabschnitts 38 dicht abgeschlossen. Dieser Stempelendabschnitt 38 ist mit seinem Inneren Gewindeschaft 38' dichtend in eine kopfseitige Gewindebohrung des inneren rohrförmigen Stempelkörpers 126 eingeschraubt.The drill punch 26 consists of two tubular, mutually coaxial punch bodies 126, 226 which are arranged one inside the other and form an annular intermediate chamber 37 for a cooling liquid. At the front, free end of the punch 26, the outer tubular punch body 226 is sealed off with the aid of a short, cylindrical punch end section 38. This stamp end section 38 is screwed with its inner threaded shaft 38 'sealingly into a head-side threaded bore of the inner tubular stamp body 126.

An dem vorderen, freien, gegen die Blockaufnahmematrize 2 gerichteten Ende des Bohrstempels 26 ist ein Treibkopf 39 vorgesehen, der um eine zur Längs- bzw. Drehachse des Bohrstempels 26 etwas z.B. um 1 °-10°, vorzugsweise um 4°-7° geneigte Achse frei drehbar gelagert ist. Zu deisem Zweck weist der Treibkopf 39 einen hinteren Zapfen 40 auf, der mit Hilfe einer Lagerbuchse 41 in einer Sackbohrung 42 des Stempelendabschnitts 38 drehbar gelagert ist. Die hintere, ebene Abschlussfläche 139 des Treibkopfes 39 steht senkrecht zur geneigten Drehachse des Treibkopfes 39 und liegt gegen eine entsprechend schräg gerichtete, ebene, vordere Abschlussfläche 138 des Stempelendabschnitts 38 an. Der Treibkopf 39 erweitert sich etwas kegelförmig nach vorn und seine vordere Abschlussfläche 43 ist flach kegelförmig ausgebildet, z.B. weist einen Kegelwinkel von 165°-175°, vorzugsweise von 170° auf.At the front, free end of the drilling die 26 directed against the block receiving die 2, a driving head 39 is provided, which is slightly rotated about a longitudinal axis or axis of rotation of the drilling die 26, e.g. is freely rotatable by 1 ° -10 °, preferably by 4 ° -7 ° inclined axis. For this purpose, the drive head 39 has a rear pin 40 which is rotatably mounted in a blind bore 42 of the stamp end section 38 with the aid of a bearing bush 41. The rear, flat end surface 139 of the drive head 39 is perpendicular to the inclined axis of rotation of the drive head 39 and bears against a correspondingly obliquely directed, flat, front end surface 138 of the stamp end section 38. The driving head 39 widens somewhat conically towards the front and its front end face 43 is flat conical, e.g. has a cone angle of 165 ° -175 °, preferably of 170 °.

Der frei drehbare Treibkopf 39 des Bohrstempels 26 wird durch Umlauf einer Kühlflüssigkeit gekühlt. Die Kühlflüssigkeit wird durch die als Vorlauf benutzte Zwischenkammer 37 des Bohrstempels 26 zugeführt und fliesst durch ein daran angeschlossenes, im Stempelendabschnitt 38 und im Treibkopf 39 vorgesehenes Kanalsystem 44, 45, 46. Die Rückführung der Kühlflüssigkeit erfolgt durch einen mittig im Treibkopf 39 vorgesehenen, axial durch den Drehzapfen 40 durchgeführten, in die Sackbohrung 42 auslaufenden Rückflusskanal 47 und durch einen weiteren, anschliessenden, mittig im Stempelendabschnitt 38 und im Gewindeschaft 138 vorgesehenen Rückflusskanal 48, der mit dem Hohlraum 49 des inneren, rohrförmigen, als Rücklauf dienenden Stempelkörpers 126 verbunden ist.The freely rotatable driving head 39 of the punch 26 is cooled by circulation of a cooling liquid. The cooling liquid is fed through the intermediate chamber 37 of the ram 26 used as a flow and flows through a channel system 44, 45, 46 connected to it in the ram end section 38 and in the driving head 39. The cooling liquid is returned axially through a centrally provided in the driving head 39 through the pivot pin 40, which flows out into the blind bore 42 and through a further connecting reflux channel 48, which is provided in the center in the punch end section 38 and in the threaded shaft 138 and is connected to the cavity 49 of the inner, tubular ram body 126 serving as a return.

Die Kanäle 45 im Stempelendabschnitt 38 sind mit den Kanälen 46 im Treibkopf 39 über eine flache, ringförmige, zwischen dem Stempelendabschnitt 38 und dem Treibkopf 39 ausgebildete, durch Dichtungsringe 51, 52 begrenzte Durchflusskammer 50 verbunden.The channels 45 in the stamp end section 38 are connected to the channels 46 in the drive head 39 via a flat, annular flow chamber 50, which is formed between the stamp end section 38 and the drive head 39 and is delimited by sealing rings 51, 52.

Zur Herstellung der durchgehenden, mittigen Bohrung im Metallblock 1 wird der Bohrstempel 26 durch den Kolben 32 des hydraulischen Presszylinders 27 in axialer Richtung in den in der Blockaufnahmematrize 2 eingeschlossenen Metallblock 1 eingedrückt. Das vom eingedrückten Bohrstempel 26 verdrängte Metall fliesst um den Bohrstempel 26 herum in axialer Richtung zurück. Dieses Zurückfliessen des verdrängten Metalls unter dem Druck des Bohrstempels 26 wird von einer entsprechenden Längsverschiebung der Blockaufnahmematrize 2 im Matrizenhalter 3 begleitet, so dass die Reibung zwischen dem fliessgepressten Metall und der Blockaufnahmematrize 2 vermieden wird. Das hintere Ende der rohrförmigen Blockaufnahmematrize 2 läuft infolgedessen beim Eindrücken des Bohrstempels 26 in den Metallblock 1 fortschreitend aus der Führungs- und Zentriernut 19 des Gegendruckkörpers 18 aus, während sich die Blockaufnahmematrize 2 auf den Gleitrollen 4 des Matrizenhalters 3 verschiebt. Der zylindrische Ansatz 118 des Gegendruckkörpers 18 und der vom Kolben 22 des Gegendruckzylinders in seiner vorgeschobenen Stellung festgehaltene Gegenstempel 23 bilden den festen Boden der rohrförmigen, axial verschiebbaren Biockaufnahmematrize 2 und nehmen den vom Bohrstempel 26 ausgeübten Durck auf. Dieser vom Presszylinder 27 aufzubringende Druck wird jedoch durch die Anordnung und Ausbildung des Treibkopfes 39 und durch die Drehung des Bohrstempels 26 bedeutend gegenüber dem Druck herabgesetzt, der im Falle eines einfachen, nur in axialer Richtung bewegten Bohrstempels erforderlich wäre. Die Drehung des Bohrstempels 26 um seine Längsachse und die Anordnung der beiden schräggerichteten Anlageflächen 138 und 139 zwischen dem Bohrstempel 2-6 einerseits und dem frei drehbaren Treibkopf 39 andererseits bewirken nämlich eine Taumelbewegung des Treibkopfes 39, der infolgedessen mit seiner vorderen kegelförmigen Abschlussfläche 43 auf dem Boden der in Bildung begriffenen Bohrung im Metallblock 1 abrollt. Der Treibkopf 39 des Bohrstempels 26 steht deshalb mit der Bodenfläche der in Bildung begriffenen Bohrung im Metallblock 1 nur im Bereich einer linien- bzw. streifenformigen, sehr schmalen, radialen Druckfläche in Berührung, die einer Erzeugenden der vorderen kegelförmigen Abschlussfläche 43 des Treibkopfes entspricht und kontinuierlich mit der Drehgeschwindigkeit des Bohrstempels 26 umläuft. Dadurch wird der axiale, vom Bohrstempel 26 ausgeübte Druck auf eine schmale, radiale, umlaufende Fläche konzentriert und es ergeben sich sehr hohe spezifische Drücke. Infolgedessen kann auch der vom Presszylinder 27 ausgeübte Druck entsprechend herabgesetzt werden.To produce the continuous, central bore in the metal block 1, the ram 26 is pressed in the axial direction into the metal block 1 enclosed in the block receiving die 2 by the piston 32 of the hydraulic press cylinder 27. The metal displaced by the pressed-in punch 26 flows back around the punch 26 in the axial direction. This backflow of the displaced metal under the pressure of the punch 26 is accompanied by a corresponding longitudinal displacement of the block receiving die 2 in the die holder 3, so that the friction between the extruded metal and the block receiving die 2 is avoided. As a result, the rear end of the tubular block receiving die 2 progressively runs out of the guide and centering groove 19 of the counterpressure body 18 when the punch 26 is pressed into the metal block 1, while the block receiving die 2 moves on the sliding rollers 4 of the die holder 3. The cylindrical projection 118 of the counter pressure body 18 and the piston 22 of the Ge counterpressure 23 held in its advanced position form the solid bottom of the tubular, axially displaceable Biockaufnahmatratrize 2 and take up the pressure exerted by the punch 26. This pressure to be applied by the press cylinder 27 is, however, significantly reduced by the arrangement and design of the drive head 39 and by the rotation of the punch 26 compared to the pressure which would be required in the case of a simple punch moved only in the axial direction. The rotation of the Bohrstempels 26 about its longitudinal axis and the arrangement of the two obliquely directed abutment surfaces 138 and 139 between the Bohrstempel 26 on the one hand and freely rotatable driving head 39 on the other hand cause namely a wobbling motion of the driving head 39 which, consequently, with its forward conical end surface 43 on the Bottom of the hole being formed in the metal block 1 rolls. The drive head 39 of the plunger 26 is therefore only in contact with the bottom surface of the bore in the metal block 1 which is being formed in the region of a linear or strip-shaped, very narrow, radial pressure surface which corresponds to a generator of the front conical end surface 43 of the drive head and is continuous rotates at the speed of rotation of the punch 26. As a result, the axial pressure exerted by the punch 26 is concentrated on a narrow, radial, circumferential surface, and very high specific pressures result. As a result, the pressure exerted by the press cylinder 27 can also be reduced accordingly.

Die von den Vibratoren 36 erzeugten Vibra-, tionen verhindern Verkantungen und Klemmungen sowohl des Bohrstempels 26 in der Bohrung 101 im Metallblock 1 als auch des Kolbens 32 im Presszylinder 27.The vibrations generated by the vibrators 36 prevent jamming and jamming of both the punch 26 in the bore 101 in the metal block 1 and the piston 32 in the press cylinder 27.

Kurz vor dem Durchdrücken des Bohrstempels 26 durch den Metallblock 1, d.h. wenn sich der Treibkopf 39 dem Boden der Blockaufnahmematrize 2 nähert und im Metallblock 1 eine entsprechend tiefe Sackbohrung ausgebildet ist, wird der Gegenstempel 23 in axialer Richtung zurückgezogen oder durch Öffnung der Rückflussleitung des hydraulischen Gegendruckzylinders 20 vom entsprechenden Stützdruck entlastet. Dadurch wird die mittlere Stanzöffnung 25 im Bodenteil 118 der Blockaufnahmematrize 2 freigegeben und die noch übriggebliebene Bodenscheibe der im Metallblock 1 durch das bisherige Eindrücken des Bohrstempels 26 erzeugten Sackbohrung wird im Zuge der selben Eindrückbewegung abgeschert, sobald der vom Bohrstempel 26 ausgeübte Axialdruck den für diese Abscherung ausreichenden Wert erreicht. Die abgescherte Bodenscheibe der Sackbohrung wird vom Bohrstempel 26 durch die Stanzöffnung 25 in die Kammer 24 ausgestossen.Shortly before the punch 26 is pushed through the metal block 1, i.e. when the driving head 39 approaches the bottom of the block receiving die 2 and a correspondingly deep blind hole is formed in the metal block 1, the counter-punch 23 is withdrawn in the axial direction or relieved of the corresponding supporting pressure by opening the return line of the hydraulic counter-pressure cylinder 20. As a result, the middle punch opening 25 in the base part 118 of the block receiving die 2 is released and the remaining bottom disc of the blind hole produced in the metal block 1 by the previous pressing in of the punch 26 is sheared off in the course of the same pushing-in movement as soon as the axial pressure exerted by the punch 26 provides the shearing force achieved sufficient value. The sheared bottom disk of the blind bore is ejected from the punch 26 through the punch opening 25 into the chamber 24.

Claims (8)

1. Apparatus for obtaining through-bores in metal blocks, particularly steel blocks presenting a circular cross section, comprising a block-holding die matching the outer shape of the metal block, which presents at its bottom a movable counter-punch mounted retractable so as to leave open an aperture in the die, arranged co-axially to the bore to be obtained in the metal block, and which is associated to a boring punch co-axial to the said counter-punch and forceable into the metal block carried by the block-holding die by means of an hydraulic press cylinder, said boring punch carrying, at its forward free end directed against the block-holding die, a frontal flat-conical piercing head, characterized by the fact that the boring punch (26) is rotatable around its longitudinal axis, and that the piercing head (39) is arranged freely rotatable on the boring punch (26) around a rotational axis slightly inclined with respect to the longitudinal axis of the boring punch, and it bears with a rear sliding surface (139) inclined with respect to the longitudinal axis of the boring punch (29) against a correspondingly inclined bearing surface (138) of the boring punch (26).
2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the boring punch (26) is mounted rotatable on a punch-carrying head (35) connected to the piston (32) of the press cylinder (27), that the said piston (32) is guided axially movable but not rotatable at the interior of the said press cylinder (27), and that on the punch-carrying head (35) there is also mounted the motor (28) for driving into rotation the boring punch (26).
3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that on the punch-carrying head (35) there are provided vibrator means (36).
4. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the rotational axis of the piercing head (39) is inclined with respect to the longitudinal axis of the boring punch (26) of an angle from 1 ° to 10°, and preferably from 4° to 7°.
5. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the frontal flat-conical end surface (43) of the piercing head (39) presents a cone angle from 165° to 175°, and preferably of 170°.
6. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the tubular block-holding disc (2) presents in cross section a non circular outer profile with longitudinally directed flat sliding surfaces and it is slidably guided with the said flat surfaces along corresponding inner sliding surfaces of the die-carrier support (3).
7. Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized by the fact that the tubular block-holding die (3) is fitted in an axially slidable manner with its rear portion inside an annular guide groove (19) which is obtained in a fixed reaction body (18), surrounding a projecting portion (118) of the said reaction body (18), said projecting portion fitting the block-holding die (2) and constituting the bottom of the die.
8. Apparatus according to claims 6 and 7, characterized by the fact that the counter-punch (23) engaging the aperture (25) in the bottom (118) of the block-holding die (2) is connected with the piston (22) of a counter-pressure cylinder (20) provided in the reaction body (18), and it passes through a chamber (24) provided in the reaction body (18) and which is open laterally and/or at the bottom.
EP19780100737 1977-08-31 1978-08-24 Device for making through-holes in metal blocks Expired EP0000943B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT1275477 1977-08-31
IT1275477A IT1082622B (en) 1977-08-31 1977-08-31 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DRILLING THROUGH HOLES IN METAL BLOCKS

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EP0000943A1 EP0000943A1 (en) 1979-03-07
EP0000943B1 true EP0000943B1 (en) 1981-01-07

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EP19780100737 Expired EP0000943B1 (en) 1977-08-31 1978-08-24 Device for making through-holes in metal blocks

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EP (1) EP0000943B1 (en)
DE (1) DE2860420D1 (en)
IT (1) IT1082622B (en)
SU (1) SU824881A3 (en)

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DE3604630A1 (en) * 1986-02-14 1987-08-27 Loehr & Bromkamp Gmbh STORAGE ARRANGEMENT
DE19803366A1 (en) * 1998-01-29 1999-08-05 Bosch Gmbh Robert Housing block
RO127383A2 (en) * 2010-09-03 2012-05-30 Mb Telecom Ltd S.R.L. Method and system for manufacturing hollow and profiled bodies
CN103909192B (en) * 2014-04-14 2016-06-22 上海电机学院 Multi-ram forging hydraulic extrusion press

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US2732738A (en) * 1956-01-31 Hydraulic press
US1374369A (en) * 1919-03-29 1921-04-12 Luther D Earl Tool for piercing billets
US1702278A (en) * 1928-05-18 1929-02-19 Simons Abraham Method of making seamless containers
GB449420A (en) * 1935-03-13 1936-06-26 Stewarts & Lloyds Ltd Improvements relating to the manufacture of hollow metal articles such as tubes
US2250338A (en) * 1939-03-21 1941-07-22 Omes Continental Ltd Manufacture of seamless hollow articles
US2299105A (en) * 1940-03-18 1942-10-20 Dominion Eng Works Ltd Method and apparatus for forging billets
CH387322A (en) * 1961-11-13 1965-01-31 Bodmer Gottfried Method and device for forming locking heads on rivets
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GB1434573A (en) * 1973-10-24 1976-05-05 Yoshikawa Iron Works Riveting machine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2860420D1 (en) 1981-02-26
SU824881A3 (en) 1981-04-23
EP0000943A1 (en) 1979-03-07
IT1082622B (en) 1985-05-21

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