EP0000004B1 - Dispositif de filtration centrifuge continue pour séparation, lavage ou épuisement, et application à une machine à café automatique - Google Patents

Dispositif de filtration centrifuge continue pour séparation, lavage ou épuisement, et application à une machine à café automatique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0000004B1
EP0000004B1 EP78100037A EP78100037A EP0000004B1 EP 0000004 B1 EP0000004 B1 EP 0000004B1 EP 78100037 A EP78100037 A EP 78100037A EP 78100037 A EP78100037 A EP 78100037A EP 0000004 B1 EP0000004 B1 EP 0000004B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fact
end plate
wall
rotary
filtering device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP78100037A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0000004A1 (fr
Inventor
Serge Cailliot
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CAILLIOT Serge
Cor Bertrand
GASTINNE, ARNAUD
Generale Pour Le Financement De L'innovat Ste
Normande de Services Ste
Bpifrance Financement SA
Original Assignee
Cor Bertrand
GENERALE POUR LE FINANCEMENT DE L'INNOVATION SOGINNOVE Ste
Agence National de Valorisation de la Recherche ANVAR
Normande de Services Ste
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cor Bertrand, GENERALE POUR LE FINANCEMENT DE L'INNOVATION SOGINNOVE Ste, Agence National de Valorisation de la Recherche ANVAR, Normande de Services Ste filed Critical Cor Bertrand
Publication of EP0000004A1 publication Critical patent/EP0000004A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0000004B1 publication Critical patent/EP0000004B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B3/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls in which solid particles or bodies become separated by centrifugal force and simultaneous sifting or filtering
    • B04B3/08—Centrifuges with rotary bowls in which solid particles or bodies become separated by centrifugal force and simultaneous sifting or filtering discharging solid particles by bowl walls in the form of endless bands
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
    • A47J31/00—Apparatus for making beverages
    • A47J31/22—Centrifuges for producing filtered coffee

Definitions

  • the invention relates to filtration in general, and more particularly to the preparation of coffee.
  • the filtration operation in general consists in passing a liquid through a porous wall which retains solid particles, these solid particles possibly being previously contained in suspension in the liquid, in the case of filtration for separation. , or on the contrary be placed in advance in the filter and then watered by the liquid when it is desired to carry out a washing or exhausting operation using an appropriate solvent of soluble active substances contained in the solid particles .
  • This is particularly the case for the preparation of coffee which consists of passing hot water through ground coffee.
  • the passage of the liquid takes place by simple gravity.
  • the filtration efficiency can be improved by passing the liquid under the effect of centrifugal force by using a porous cylindrical wall driven in rotation at high speed around its axis.
  • the filtration operation is necessarily intermittent, that is to say that filtration phases are followed by cleaning phases for the evacuation of the solid substances accumulated against the porous wall.
  • continuous filters are known in which an endless porous wall is used, either in the form of an endless band, or in the form of a rotary cylinder, and in this case there is a filtration zone or sector followed by another zone. or cleaning sector, this cleaning generally being obtained by scraping using a fixed squeegee then unclogging the porous wall by rinsing in the opposite direction.
  • the passage of the liquid is necessarily by gravity or by suction, but it is excluded to operate by centrifugal means, the displacement or rotation of the porous wall being necessarily slow since it is he who presides the sequence of filtering and washing operations.
  • German patent No. 691,923 to produce a filter which is both continuous and centrifugal, the cylindrical filtering wall of which is rotatable and constituted by a helical winding with contiguous turns of a long strap mounted in a rotary cage constituted by cylindrical rollers arranged according to external generators of this cylindrical wall, the strap being looped on itself in an endless assembly and driven so that the porous cylindrical wall advances slowly in the direction of the axis constantly renewing itself.
  • the drive of the strip is ensured by a central capstan which takes up the strip radially at the base of the cylinder and recycles it at the top, which has the disadvantage of malfunctioning given the difficulty in providing suitable tension.
  • the object of the invention is to produce a continuous centrifugal filter of the above type but which eliminates the aforementioned drawbacks by providing a safe and effective drive while freeing the central part of the cylindrical wall.
  • the invention consists, in an endless centrifugal filter of the preceding type, in ensuring the drive of the strap by the rotational drive on themselves of the rollers of the support cage by an appropriate mechanism, and in carrying out the endless looping by a return channel which extends from one end to the other of the helical winding passing through the outside of the winding and of the roller cage.
  • the strap is advantageously devoid of perforations and constituted by a solid part provided only with suitable notches on the surface.
  • the porous filtration wall is constituted by a long flexible strap 1 of small section arranged in a helical winding with contiguous turns to form a cylindrical sleeve 2, the two ends of the strap being connected to each other by a strap back 3 to form an endless set.
  • This flexible strap 1 can be made of metal or plastic, preferably of square or rectangular section, and it can advantageously include in its upper or lower face notches 4, preferably inclined so as to widen towards the exterior, starting from a very shallow depth on the side intended to constitute the interior, this depth corresponding to the desired filtration fineness, for example 0.1 mm.
  • the cylindrical sleeve 2 thus formed is mounted in a cage constituted by a number of cylindrical rollers 5, four in number in the figures, each arranged along a generatrix of the cylinder.
  • Each of these rollers journals by its base in a lower flange 6 and by a part close to its upper end in an upper flange 7 by means of a notch 8 opening towards the center in a bore 9 of a diameter just sufficient to allow the passage of the sleeve 2.
  • the upper flange 7 is rigidly fixed to the lower flange 6 by spacers 10, and the lower flange 6 is itself rigidly fixed by its hub 11 to an axis 12 journalled in fixed bearings 13 while being driven by a drive motor not shown.
  • the entire cage assembly including the two flanges and the four vertical rollers, therefore rotates as a block around the axis 12 at a suitable speed to obtain centrifugal filtration, for example 1500 revolutions / min.
  • the four rollers 5 are driven at a low speed of rotation on themselves, all in the same direction, thanks to an appropriate mechanism located below the flange 6.
  • This mechanism visible in particular in FIGS. 1 and 4. has a gear 14 integral with each of the lower ends of the rollers 5, below the flange 6, the four gears 14 meshing simultaneously on a single central gear 15 idling around the axis 12, this central gear being itself -Even driven in rotation by a pinion 16 secured to a gear 17 which rotates around an axis 18 carried by the flange 6 and meshes with a central pinion 19 idly mounted on the axis 12 and whose base 20 can be immobilized in rotation by means of a suitable device not shown.
  • the directions of rotation are those represented by the arrows in FIG. 4, remembering that this is a bottom view, and the ratios of the gears are such that the rollers rotate slowly on themselves at a very low speed while the whole of the cage rotates at high speed .
  • the sleeve 2 formed by all of the contiguous turns is applied by centrifugal force against the guide and drive rollers 5 and consequently begins to turn slowly on itself in the direction of the arrow 21 (see fig. 2) in a relative movement of rotation at low speed of the order of 12 revolutions / min in the example chosen.
  • the sleeve 2 actually turns in the same direction as the cage, that is to say in the direction of the needles of a watch in fig. 2, and at a speed barely lower, for example 1500 rpm for the cage and 1448 rpm for the sleeve.
  • the direction of winding of the contiguous turns of the sleeve 2 is chosen in such a way that, in the aforementioned relative movement of the sleeve relative to the cage, the strap takes place at the top, just after passing under one of the axial retaining cheeks 23 of one of the rollers 5, then performs the return turn 3 passing outside the following rollers 5, but preferably inside the spacers 10 to wind continuously 'lower end on the cylindrical outer surface of a bottom wall 24 visible in FIG. 1 and turning madly around the hub 11 in order to be able to take with respect thereto the slow rotational movement of the entire filter.
  • This movement is communicated to the bottom 24 by meshing or by friction on its periphery of a drive zone 25 situated at the base of the rollers 5 below the axial retaining cheeks 26.
  • the filter according to the invention can be operated by successive loads by simply providing for this a braking device controlled from the base 20 of the central pinion 19 relative to the frame 22.
  • the filtering device also has the advantage that it is possible to extend the axis 12 by an upper part 33, separable or not from the previous one and placed in the axis of the cylindrical sleeve 2, to drive at the upper part a screw grinder of the type known for grinding coffee.
  • the grinding screw 34 is cut directly in the upper end of the axis 33 and rotates in an outer part 35 with a conical interior located at the base of a hopper not shown feeding the coffee beans using 'An adjustable flow distributor 36 which can also be driven by the same axis.
  • the fineness of the grinding is adjusted, for example, by moving the base 35 in a helical movement with a vertical axis using a control rod 37 sliding in an inclined lumen 38 integral with the frame 22, the screw 33 being axially fixed.
  • the filter according to the invention When the filter according to the invention is used for washing or depleting a pulverulent solid substance with a liquid substance, it is advantageous to first have the solid substance near the bottom 24 in a uniform cylindrical layer, then to distribute the liquid above the place where the distribution of the solid takes place.
  • a coaxial rotary distributor 39 comprising a central passage for the solid product and an at least partially conical external surface 40 onto which the liquid is poured which is thus projected by centrifugal force, the distributor 39 being for this purpose driven in rotation, for example at the speed of the axis 12 or 33 by being secured to it by means of a through pin 41.
  • this distributor could be secured to the bottom 24 by pins parallel to the axis, the bottom speed being, as we saw above, very little different from that of the axis.
  • the conical outer surface 40 of the distributor 39 can be extended by a cylindrical part which preferably has asperities to distribute the spraying of the liquid over a certain height.
  • these asperities can be constituted by a rib 42 in the form of a helical spiral developing on the cylindrical outer surface 43 of the dispenser.
  • a circular rib 44 forming a deflector can be placed at the base of the dispenser to evacuate the droplets of liquid which could possibly fall outside the exterior surface of the dispenser.
  • the ground coffee can be fed into the axial passage of the rotary distributor 39 by any suitable means.
  • this distributor coaxially and outside this axis by extending it axially by a tubular part 45 of which the upper end journals at the base of the grinding cone 35. If the latter moves axially to allow adjustment as indicated above, an oblong hole 46 is provided in the base of the axis 33 for the passage of the pin 41 and allow this movement to occur.
  • the ground coffee which escapes directly between the screw 33 and the tubular part 45 may be pressed against the latter by centrifugal force and accumulate there.
  • This is avoided according to the invention by having a fixed spiral 47 of helical steel wire freely mounted in the interval between the axis 33 and the bore of the tube 45 and the rotary distributor. 39, being only immobilized axially and in rotation by fixing its upper end 48 in the base of the cone 35. In this way the ground coffee is routed regularly and without the possibility of blocking to the lower end of the distributor 39 where it is thus distributed by centrifugal force in the interval between the bottom 24 and the rib 44 to come to accumulate on an area of the same height on the inner surface of the sleeve 2.
  • the liquid substance which is obviously hot water in this case, can be continuously supplied and heated and distributed on the conical part 40 of the distributor 39. It is however preferable according to the invention to produce a water supply intermittently by supplying a continuous flow to a device well known in physics under the name of intermittent fountain and constituted by a self-priming siphon placed in a container (not shown) which gradually fills and empties under the effect of the siphon.
  • the capacity of this container between the high level and the low level is preferably chosen equal to a cup of coffee.
  • the cold or preferably preheated water is therefore distributed by a continuous distributor, such as a pump, to the intermittent fountain, which distributes it by a pipe 49 at a small capacity 50 in the form of an annular sleeve arranged coaxially with outside the tube 45 and stationary in rotation, this capacity 50 comprising an internal heating resistor 51 supplied by wires 52, while flow spouts 53 are formed all around its bottom and vertically above the surface conical 40 of the dispenser 39.
  • a continuous distributor such as a pump
  • this capacity 50 comprising an internal heating resistor 51 supplied by wires 52, while flow spouts 53 are formed all around its bottom and vertically above the surface conical 40 of the dispenser 39.
  • the periods of intermittent fountain shutdown have two advantages, the first being that there is a cessation of the flow of coffee through the chute 28 thus allowing to remove a full cup and replace it with an empty cup without losing of coffee, and the second being that, on the next arrival of the distribution of water on the hot resistance 51, there occurs a partial vaporization of this water which thus causes the ground coffee beans which have been dispensed to swell. the interval near the bottom 24.
  • the grounds evacuation chute 31 is directed towards a grounds tank forming part of the apparatus and which is emptied periodically.
  • the device also includes a water tank if you want to avoid a connection on the pipeline.
  • the apparatus according to the invention makes it possible to quickly and automatically carry out all the operations of grinding, distribution, vaporization, pouring, passage and spinning as well as cleaning of the filter and evacuation of the grounds, the apparatus being able thus to function in an absolutely uninterrupted manner and to produce as many cups of coffee as desired if simply to supply it and empty its grounds container without it being necessary to stop it.
  • this axis could also be arranged according to any other angle of orientation, for example horizontally, the rotary distributor 39 then being in this case replaced by simple fixed conduits, and the bottom 24 also being optional.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Making Beverages (AREA)
EP78100037A 1977-06-02 1978-06-01 Dispositif de filtration centrifuge continue pour séparation, lavage ou épuisement, et application à une machine à café automatique Expired EP0000004B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7716927 1977-06-02
FR7716927A FR2372658A1 (fr) 1977-06-02 1977-06-02 Dispositif de filtration centrifuge continue pour separation, lavage ou epuisement, et application a une machine a cafe automatique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0000004A1 EP0000004A1 (fr) 1978-12-20
EP0000004B1 true EP0000004B1 (fr) 1980-09-03

Family

ID=9191604

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP78100037A Expired EP0000004B1 (fr) 1977-06-02 1978-06-01 Dispositif de filtration centrifuge continue pour séparation, lavage ou épuisement, et application à une machine à café automatique

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US4204964A (US08158827-20120417-C00028.png)
EP (1) EP0000004B1 (US08158827-20120417-C00028.png)
DE (1) DE2860125D1 (US08158827-20120417-C00028.png)
FR (1) FR2372658A1 (US08158827-20120417-C00028.png)
IT (1) IT1206574B (US08158827-20120417-C00028.png)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2936659A1 (de) * 1979-09-11 1981-03-19 Braunschweigische Maschinenbauanstalt AG, 3300 Braunschweig Kontinuierlich arbeitende zuckerzentrifuge
US5265517A (en) * 1991-10-09 1993-11-30 Industria Columbiana De Electronicos Y Electrodomesticos, Incelt S.A. Of Carrera Method and apparatus for brewing coffee
CA2842145C (en) * 2011-08-09 2019-06-11 Nestec S.A. Centrifugal brewing machine with flow collecting assembly
AU2013369540B2 (en) * 2012-12-06 2018-07-05 Société des Produits Nestlé S.A. Device for preparing a beverage by centrifugation
CN105828644A (zh) * 2013-10-31 2016-08-03 尼普乐股份有限公司 筛滤装置
JP2017529955A (ja) * 2014-10-08 2017-10-12 ネステク ソシエテ アノニム 飲料調製マシンの抽出ユニット
WO2020167623A1 (en) * 2019-02-11 2020-08-20 North Carolina State University Self-cleaning screen
US20210346824A1 (en) * 2020-04-13 2021-11-11 Evoqua Water Techhnologies LLC Regenerative Media Filtration Apparatus Improvements
US20240058844A1 (en) * 2022-08-22 2024-02-22 Watershed Systems, LLC Debris Clearing System And Method

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1767905A (en) * 1926-02-27 1930-06-24 William C Walker Continuous centrifugal separator
US1846168A (en) * 1929-08-10 1932-02-23 Mine And Smelter Supply Compan Filter
US1950869A (en) * 1931-06-08 1934-03-13 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Centrifugal
DE691923C (de) * 1938-12-16 1940-06-08 Hans Decker Schleudermaschine mit endlosem Band
US2321207A (en) * 1941-08-25 1943-06-08 B H & M Company Screen for centrifugal machines
GB1108407A (en) * 1965-09-30 1968-04-03 Ceskoslovenska Akademie Ved Continuous filtration centrifuge

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0000004A1 (fr) 1978-12-20
FR2372658B1 (US08158827-20120417-C00028.png) 1981-07-17
IT1206574B (it) 1989-04-27
DE2860125D1 (en) 1980-12-11
US4204964A (en) 1980-05-27
IT7868230A0 (it) 1978-05-30
FR2372658A1 (fr) 1978-06-30

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