EA042375B1 - SYNERGETIC HERBICIDE COMPOSITION AND METHOD FOR PROTECTING GRAIN CROPS - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to plant protection products, namely to a composition based on three active ingredients. The present invention can be used in agriculture to control annual and perennial weeds in crops of wheat, oats, barley, rye, corn, oats.

Weed control is a problem that constantly arises in agriculture. Weeds inhibit the growth and development of agricultural crops and thereby reduce their yield and quality of the products obtained. Now in the market of plant protection products there are a significant number of drugs. However, they are still not effective enough against individual weeds. In addition, when the same herbicides or herbicide mixtures are used in the same fields for several years, biologically resistant types of weeds begin to dominate in these fields. Resistant plants can no longer be controlled by the herbicide, even at higher doses. This leads to the abandonment of the use of previously used drugs. Therefore, there is a constant need to develop new herbicidal compositions that would have advantages over known preparations.

Preparations based on tribenuron-methyl and florasulam are commercially in demand and are widely used in agriculture to protect cereal crops. For example, the Russian drug BOMB (VDG) manufactured by August (563 g/kg of tribenuron-methyl and 187 g/kg of florasulam) is widely known (see the list of pesticides and agrochemicals approved for use on the territory of the Russian Federation, Appendix to the journal Plant Protection and Quarantine, Moscow, 2019, No. 4, p. 595). This herbicide is not effective enough against the tenacious bedstraw, medicinal fumigation, Theophrastus ropeweed, quinoa (species), mari (species), dandelion (species), nightshade (species), chistets (species), field sow thistle and others; ineffective - in relation to field bindweed, milkweed, wormwood.

To control weeds in grain crops, the drug Ballerina Super, SE (410 g/l of 2-ethylhexyl ester of 2,4-D acid, 15 g/l of florasulam) is also recommended (see the List of pesticides and agrochemicals approved for use on territory of the Russian Federation, supplement to the journal Plant Protection and Quarantine, Moscow, 2019, No. 4, p. 359). The following weeds are slightly sensitive to this drug: veronica (species), field bindweed, buttercup (species), spurge (species), black nightshade, tenacious bedstraw, gauze (species) and others.

The closest analogue of the invention is the herbicidal composition known from the patent literature based on florasulam and picloram in a weight ratio of (60:1) + (1:60) (see Chinese application CN 104115848 A, class A01N 43/40, 29.10.2014) . Also known from this document is a method for protecting crops. The specified composition does not destroy cruciferous (in particular, shepherd's purse, field yarutka) and cereal weeds.

The aim of the present invention is to develop new combinations of known biologically active substances that can most effectively suppress weeds in crops of cereals and corn, including in relation to resistant types of weeds, increasing yields.

The technical result consists in the creation of a synergistic herbicidal composition with an extended spectrum of action against annual and perennial dicotyledonous weeds of cereal crops and increased biological efficiency.

The object of the present invention is a herbicidal composition that contains florasulam (I) and cycloram (II) in a weight ratio of 1:(1+15), as well as an additional herbicide (III) selected from the class of phenoxyacetic acids or sulfonylurea.

An additional herbicide from the class of sulfonylurea is selected from tribenuron, tribenuron methyl, metsulfuron-methyl.

An additional herbicide from the class of phenoxyacetic acids is selected from esters and salts of 2,4dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D): 2-ethylhexyl, isooctyl ester of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, its ammonium, amine and/or sodium salts can be used.

The additional phenoxyacetic acid herbicide is selected from 2methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid esters and salts (2M-4X): 2methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid 2-ethylhexyl ester, its ammonium, amine, potassium and/or sodium salts can be used.

The weight ratio of component I to the sum of active components (II+III) is within 1:(7+34). The authors unexpectedly found that in this range of weight ratios, a synergistic effect is manifested, i.e. found the range of ratios of active substances, in which such a composition is synergistically effective. In addition, the claimed composition is the most effective and has a broader spectrum of action compared to known combinations against annual and perennial dicotyledonous weeds, including problematic weeds (in particular, bedstraw, pikulnik, thistle, sow thistle, chamomile, marsh weed), including overgrown. The combination of active ingredients with different mechanisms of action in the composition of the herbicidal composition reduces the risk of resistance.

The herbicidal composition is effective against the following annual and perennial dicotyledonous weeds: cicutus stork, ragweed, astragalus (species), thistle (field, bristly), speckled hemlock, common warthog, cornflower (species), Syrian wartwort, veronica ( species), hairy vetch, geranium (dissected, tender), field bindweed, field pea (pelyushka), mustard (field, black), mountaineer (bindweed, bud, spreading, sorrel), bindweed buckwheat, gulyavnik (medicinal, Lezel), delphinium (species), two-row (species), Sophia's descuria, common dope, pharmacy fumes, jaundice lakfiolny, chickweed medium (wood louse), field cabbage, oxalis (species), overturned clover, bedbug (species), stinging nettle, cochia broom, common ragwort, cockle (sowing, ordinary), Tatar lettuce, flaxseed (species), buttercup (species), blue alfalfa (sowing), lupine (species), self-seed poppy, field cuff, white gauze, common leucanthemum, dandelion medicinal, common bracken, sow thistle (field, garden, rough), common shepherd's purse, nightshade (prickly, Carolina), pikulnik (species), wormwood (cold, bitter), tenacious bedstraw, weed sunflower, garden purslane, navel (species) , carrion rapeseed, wild radish, chamomile (species, including odorless), small-fruited camelina, wild lettuce, common tarry, field toriza, odorless tririb, tender chorispore, sowing chrysanthemum, rank (species), annual chistets, sorrel (species) , amaranth (species, including upturned), bindweed fallopia, field violet, field yarutka, clear-headed (species, including purple) and others.

The claimed composition can be used to protect the following crops: wheat and barley (spring and winter), rye, oats, corn.

Suitable for this herbicide combination are both liquid formulations (suspoemulsions, emulsion concentrates, oil-in-water emulsions) and solid formulations (water-dispersible granules, wettable powders). To obtain these preparative forms, the herbicidal composition additionally contains agrochemically acceptable excipients, such as fillers, diluents, surfactants, disintegrants, acidity correctors, thickeners, emulsifiers, dispersants, antifreezes, biocides, defoamers and/or dyes.

Water-dispersible granules are spherical or cylindrical agglomerates. Before use, VDG is dispersed in water to form a homogeneous suspension. Granules can be obtained by various known methods of granulation from a charge consisting of a mixture of active ingredients with a filler, surfactants, and, if necessary, adding antifoam and other auxiliary substances.

Wettable powders are uniformly dispersible preparations in water. SP is made by mixing the active ingredient with a wetting agent, a dispersing agent and a powder filler, milled in a mill of the appropriate fineness, then mixed again until a homogeneous product is obtained.

Suspension concentrate - a concentrated suspension of active ingredients in water in the form of a viscous liquid mass. Before use, SK is diluted in water. Suspension concentrate is prepared by grinding a mixture of active ingredients with a diluent, surfactant and defoamer in bead mills until the required solid particle size is reached. After milling, an acidity regulator, thickener and/or coloring agent is added to the suspension, if necessary.

Suspoemulsion (SE) is a homogeneous white or yellowish opaque liquid containing a dispersion of particles of one active substance suspended in water and emulsified drops of another active substance or its solution in an organic solvent. The formulation may also include emulsifiers, as well as dispersants, antifreezes, thickeners, biocides, acidity regulators, and water.

Emulsion concentrate - a colloidal solution of active substances in a mixture of solvent with surfactants, which, when added to water, gives stable emulsions. CE is obtained by dissolving active ingredients and emulsifiers in a water-immiscible solvent.

Oil-in-water emulsions are a heterogeneous system in the form of a dispersion of drops of active substances dissolved in a solvent. The formulation may include emulsifiers, as well as dispersants, antifreezes, thickeners, biocides, acidity regulators, and water.

Herbicides known from the prior art were used as active ingredients in the patented combinations - see The Pesticide Manual, ^14th edition, BCPC, UK, 2006: florasulam (p. 470, no. 370), picloram (p. 838, no. 665), tribenuron-methyl (p. 1063, no. 844), metsulfuron-methyl (see p. 725 no. 574), 2,4-D (see p. 269 no. 214), MCPA (see p.653 No. 517).

As a carrier, both fillers (for example, silicon dioxide, kaolin, bentonite, aerosil, lactose, natural sugars, sodium sulfate, trisodium phosphate or mixtures thereof) and diluents (for example, mineral / vegetable oil, methyl alcohols of oils and / or water).

Nonionic, anionic and/or cationic surfactants commonly used in the technology of preparation of preparative forms, which act as a wetting agent, dispersant and/or emulsifier, can be used as surfactants.

Calcium citrate or calcium stearate can be used as a disintegrant.

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Acids such as citric, maleic, succinic and others can be used as an acidity regulator.

As a thickener, xanthan gums, polysaccharides, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, bentonite or silica derivatives and synthetic thickeners can be used.

As an antifreeze, if necessary, glycols, including propylene glycol and tetraethylene glycol, are used in the claimed invention.

Triazine derivatives or thiadiazole derivatives are used as biocides.

Polydimethylsiloxane can be used as a defoamer.

Varnishes can be used as dyes, for example, which are calcium salts of 2-hydroxy-4-[(4-methyl-2-sulfo(phenyl)]-azo-2-naphthalenecarboxylic acid, or pigments.

The content of excipients in formulations can vary widely.

Another object of the invention is a method for controlling unwanted vegetation in crops of grain crops, which consists in the fact that a herbicidal composition (or a preparation containing the specified composition) preliminarily diluted with water is applied to the weeds to be destroyed and their places of growth at agrochemically acceptable consumption rates.

It is most optimal to treat weeds in the early stages of their development: annual dicotyledonous - in the phase of 2-6 leaves (height 5-10 cm), perennial root weeds - in the rosette phase before the start of stalking. It is possible to use a herbicidal composition in the presence of overgrown weeds (for example, tenacious bedstraw, chamomile species, sow thistle and sow thistle species): annual dicotyledons are treated at a height of up to 20 cm, and perennials - until the budding stage.

The claimed composition is a systemic post-emergence herbicide. The phase of development of cultivated plants at the time of processing - in the period from the tillering phase to the formation of the second internode of the culture (depending on the degree of infestation and the presence of overgrown weeds).

After spraying, the herbicide, having fallen on the leaves of the weed and the bud, quickly spreads throughout the plant. Within 3 hours after application, the growth of herbicide-treated weeds is inhibited. They completely stop growing a day after spraying. Visible signs of action (leaf discoloration and curling, shortening of internodes, reddening of the veins, leaf chlorosis, death of growth points, tissue necrosis) appear after 3-4 days. The final death of weeds occurs 2-3 weeks after treatment.

The following are examples illustrating the invention. Biological tests were carried out both in the laboratory and in the field.

Example 1. Evaluation of the synergistic effect of the composition in the laboratory.

The experiment was carried out in the artificial climate laboratory with the following operating mode of the chambers: the duration of the day is 16 hours, the night is 8 hours, the illumination in the daytime is 15,000 Lx, the air temperature is 20°C, and the relative humidity is 75%.

White gauze, medium chickweed were used as test objects. These plants are representatives of families that include profiling weeds in agro-climatic zones for growing cereal crops (wheat, oats, barley, rye, corn, oats).

For the experiment, working suspensions were prepared at various ratios of active ingredients for the following alternative mixtures of the claimed herbicidal composition:

based on florasulam, picloram and tribenuron-methyl;

based on florasulam, picloram and 2-ethylhexyl ester of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid.

Test plants were grown in pots filled with soddy-podzolic soil, sand, and peat. Seeds of test plants were sown in each vessel. Next, the plants were culled, removing the largest and smallest specimens.

Test plants were treated in the phase of development of the cotyledon leaves - the appearance of the first leaf. The test plants were treated with a laboratory unit LU 1.01 with a monodisperse disk sprayer designed by VIZR. The consumption of the working suspension during processing was 250 l/ha.

Accounting for the ground mass of the treated plants was carried out 10 days after treatment. The herbicidal effect (BEf _act ) of the variants was evaluated by the percentage reduction in the ground biomass of the treated plants relative to the control, where 0 corresponds to the absence of damage, and 100 corresponds to the complete destruction of the test plant. The results are presented in table. 1-2.

The effectiveness for a mixture of three biologically active substances in% was calculated by the Colby formula and was determined as follows (COLBY L.R. Calculating synergistic and antagonistic responses of herbicide combinations (Calculation of the synergistic and antagonistic expected action of herbicide mixtures; Weeds 15, p. 20-22, 1967), (LIMPEL et al. 1962 Weeds control by certain combinations. Proc. NEWCL. vol. 16, pp. 48-53).

BE _calc =(X+Y+Z)-((Xχ Y+XxZ+YxZ)/100)+(Xx YxZ/10000).

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BEcalc is the calculated biological effectiveness with the combined use of active ingredients X, Y, Z.

X is the biological effectiveness of the active ingredient X (florasulam) at the same consumption rate as used in the mixture.

Y is the biological effectiveness of the active ingredient Y (picloram) at the same application rate as used in the mixture.

Z is the biological effectiveness of the active ingredient Z (tribenuron-methyl/2,4-D in the form of an ester) at the same consumption rate as used in the mixture.

Synergy index ( _BE f _act ./BE _calc ), having a value greater than 1, indicates synergy. IS equal to 1 indicates additivity. When IS is less than 1, then antagonism is detected.

From the table. 1-2 examples show that for mixtures of active substances in the claimed ratios, the actual efficiency is higher than that calculated by the Colby formula, and the synergy index is greater than 1. i.e. there is a synergistic effect. Test plants (white gauze, medium chickweed) show high sensitivity: the actual biological effectiveness is 90-100%.

For mixtures with ratios of active substances that go beyond the declared boundary ratios (ratios of 1:6 and 1:35), there is no synergism. The actual biological efficiency does not exceed 80%.

Example 2. Evaluation of the biological effectiveness of the composition and the yield of spring wheat.

Testing the herbicidal activity of the claimed composition was carried out in the field on crops of spring wheat, variety Akvilon (small-plot experiment, FGBNU VNIIZR).

For testing, aqueous suspensions of a herbicidal composition based on florasulam, picloram, and tribenuron-methyl were prepared at the stated ratios of active ingredients.

In accordance with the requirements for registration testing of pesticides, Bomba, VDG (563 g/kg of tribenuron-methyl + 187 g/kg of florasulam), produced by JSC Firma August, was chosen as a reference.

Vegetating plants were sprayed once with a knapsack. pneumatic sprayer Solo-456 with a boom of 1.5 m. The phase of development of spring wheat plants at the time of tillering. Consumption of working fluid - 300 l/ha.

Weeds were counted 30, 45 days after treatment and before harvesting.

Accounting methodology: by quantitative-weight method on 4 accounting sites with a size of 0.25 m ² on each plot of the experiment; in accordance with the Guidelines for registration testing of herbicides in agriculture (St. Petersburg, 2013).

In the crops on which the studies were carried out, such weeds as white gauze, bindweed fallopia, field bindweed, upturned amaranth, annual chistetsa, tenacious bedstraw, beautiful pikulnik, field thistle, field sow thistle and others prevailed.

During the spraying period, annual dicotyledonous weeds had up to 6 leaves (height 5-10 cm), perennials had a rosette phase (before stalking).

The effectiveness of the patented composition on certain types of weeds was evaluated in relation to annual (for example, amaranth and annual chistetsa) and perennial (for example, bindweed and field thistle) dicotyledonous weeds (Table 3).

The yield was determined by weighing the grain obtained from 1 ha of the treated area, and comparing the obtained value with the value obtained in the control.

From the data presented in Table 3, it can be seen that the herbicidal composition at the weight ratios of the components I:(II+III) equal to 1:(7+34) surpasses the standard (bomb preparation) in biological effectiveness. 30 days after treatment, complete destruction of annual weeds is observed, and a decrease in perennial weeds is up to 85-100%. The use of the patented herbicidal composition on spring wheat crops makes it possible to increase its yield by 10-12%.

The use of the compositions was safe for the test culture (spring wheat).

Example 3. Evaluation of the biological effectiveness of the composition and the yield of oats.

Testing the herbicidal activity of the claimed composition was carried out in the field on oat crops, variety Horizon (small-plot experience, Ryazan Research Institute of Agriculture).

For testing, aqueous suspensions of a herbicidal composition based on florasulam, picloram and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid 2-ethylhexyl ester were prepared at the stated ratios of active ingredients.

In accordance with the requirements for registration testing of pesticides, the preparation Ballerina Super, SE (410 g/l of 2-ethylhexyl ester of 2,4-D acid + 15 g/l of florasulam), produced by JSC August, was chosen as a reference.

Vegetating plants were sprayed once with a backpack sprayer. The phase of development of oat plants at the time of processing is tillering. Consumption of working fluid - 300 l/ha.

Weeds were counted 30, 45 days after treatment and before harvesting.

Accounting methodology: quantitative-weight method on 4 accounting sites with the size

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0.25 m ² on each experimental plot; in accordance with the Guidelines for registration testing of herbicides in agriculture (St. Petersburg, 2013).

In the crops on which the studies were carried out, weeds such as field bindweed, amaranth upturned, field thistle, field sow thistle, medium chickweed, shepherd's purse, annual chistets and others prevailed.

During the spraying period, annual dicots had up to 6 leaves (height 5-10 cm), perennials had a rosette phase (before stemming).

The effectiveness of the patented composition on certain types of weeds was evaluated in relation to annual (for example, amaranth and annual chistetsa) and perennial (for example, bindweed and thistle field) dicotyledonous weeds (Table 4).

From the data presented in Table 4, it can be seen that the herbicidal composition at a weight ratio of components 1:(II+III) equal to 1:(7/34) surpasses the standard (Ballerina Super preparation) in biological effectiveness. In 30 days after treatment, there is a complete destruction of annual weeds, and a decrease in perennial weeds - up to 85-98%. The use of a patented herbicidal composition on oat crops makes it possible to increase its yield by 5-15%.

The use of the compositions was safe for the test culture (oats).

Conducted field tests on crops of spring wheat and oats have shown that the herbicidal composition in accordance with the present invention is superior in efficiency to its counterparts, especially in terms of suppression of perennial weeds.

Table 1. Evaluation of the synergistic effect of the composition based on florasulam, picloram and tribenuron-methyl

Ratio a.i. 1:(P+S) Consumption rate a.i., g/ha Inhibition of test plants of mari white, % reduction to control synergy index, Befact. Inhibition of test plants of stellate medium, % reduction to control synergy index, Befact. BE calc. Florasulam (I) Picloram (I) Tribenuronmethyl (III) Befact. BEcalc. BE calc. Befact. BEcalc. 1:6 6 10 26 80.4 89.5 0.90 75.7 84.3 0.90 1:7 5 22 13 100 85.4 1.17 99.9 85.0 1.18 1:15 4 33 27 98.9 83.8 1.18 99.6 84.4 1.18 1:25 2 25 25 96.6 84.5 1.14 97.1 83.7 1.16 1:34 2 thirty 38 90.8 85.8 1.06 92.8 84.4 1.10 1:35 3 50 55 80.3 88.6 0.91 78.7 86.5 0.91

Table 2. Evaluation of the synergistic effect of the composition based on florasulam, picloram and 2,4-D acid ester

Ratio a.i. 1.(11+111) Consumption rate a.i., g/ha Inhibition of test plants of mari white, % reduction to control synergy index, Befact. Inhibition of test plants of stellate medium, % reduction to control synergy index, Befact. BE calc. Florasulam (I) Picloram (P) 2ethyl hexyl ester of 2,4-D acid (III) Befact. BEcalc. BE calc. Befact. BEcalc. 1:6 15 20 70 78.1 86.4 0.9 79.5 88.4 0.90 1:7 15 15 90 90.1 85.4 1.06 91.9 85.8 1.07 1:15 9 15 120 97.2 83.9 1.16 97.1 84.3 1.15 1:25 7 25 150 99.7 84.3 1.18 98.6 83.6 1.18 D.34 7 28 210 100 85.1 1.18 100 85.2 1.17 1:35 6 thirty 180 80.5 84.9 0.95 80.1 88.1 0.91

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Claims (10)

Table 3. Evaluation of the biological effectiveness of the composition and the yield of spring wheat Harmful object Ratio a.i. 1.(11+111) Application rate by AI, g/ha Biological efficiency after treatment, % yield Florasulam (I) Picloram (P) Tribenuronmethyl (III) After 30 days After 45 days Before harvest c/ha %.to control Control (without processing) - - - - 0 0 0 35.5 100 Shiritsa upturned 1:7 5 22 13 100 100 100 44.2 124.5 1:15 4 33 27 100 100 99 44.0 123.9 1:25 2 25 25 100 100 98 43.9 123.7 1:34 2 thirty 38 100 90 87 43.2 121.7 Bomb 5 - 13 95 83 66 38.7 109.0 Chistets annual 1:7 5 22 13 100 100 95 44.2 124.5 1:15 4 33 27 100 99 91 44.0 123.9 1:25 2 25 25 100 99 91 43.9 123.7 1:34 2 thirty 38 100 99 91 43.2 121.7 Bomb 5 - 13 85 83 80 38.7 109.0 field bindweed 1:7 5 22 13 85 85 83 44.2 124.5 1:15 4 33 27 86 84 82 44.0 123.9 1:25 2 25 25 85 83 82 43.9 123.7 1:34 2 thirty 38 84 84 81 43.2 121.7 Bomb 5 - 13 40 37 24 38.7 109.0 Sow thistle field 1:7 5 22 13 100 100 100 44.2 124.5 1:15 4 33 27 99 99 98 44.0 123.9 1:25 2 25 25 96 96 95 43.9 123.7 1:34 2 thirty 38 96 96 95 43.2 121.7 Bomb 5 - 13 90 90 85 38.7 109.0 Table 4. Evaluation of the biological effectiveness of the composition and the yield of oats Harmful object Ratio a.i. 1:(P+S) Application rate by AI, g/ha Biological efficiency after treatment, % yield Florasulam (I) Picloram (P) 2-ethylhexyl ester of 2,4-D acid (111) After 30 days After 45 days Before harvest c/ha %to control Control (without processing) - - - - 0 0 0 15.2 100 Shiritsa upturned 1:7 15 15 90 100 95 94 19.1 125.7 1:15 9 15 120 100 96 95 20.0 131.6 1:25 7 25 150 100 98 97 20.2 132.9 1:34 7 28 210 100 99 98 21.4 140.8 Ballerina Super 7 - 205 96 83 62 18.1 119.1 Chistets annual 1:7 15 15 90 100 97 96 19.1 125.7 1:15 9 15 120 100 98 96 20.0 131.6 1:25 7 25 150 100 98 97 20.2 132.9 1:34 7 28 210 100 99 99 21.4 140.8 Ballerina Super 7 - 205 85 84 75 18.1 119.1 field bindweed 1:7 15 15 90 85 83 83 19.1 125.7 1:15 9 15 120 88 87 85 20.0 131.6 1:25 7 25 150 89 89 89 20.2 132.9 1:34 7 28 210 89 89 88 21.4 140.8 Ballerina Super 7 - 205 45 42 40 18.1 119.1 Sow thistle field 1:7 15 15 90 95 94 80 19.1 125.7 1:15 9 15 120 95 93 85 20.0 131.6 1:25 7 25 150 97 97 86 20.2 132.9 1:34 7 28 210 98 98 85 21.4 140.8 Ballerina Super 7 - 205 80 73 69 18.1 119.1 CLAIM 1. Synergistic composition for combating unwanted vegetation in cereal crops containing florasulam (I) and picloram (II) in a weight ratio of 1: (1 ^ 15), characterized in that it includes an effective amount of an additional herbicide (III) selected from class of phenoxyacetic acids or sulfonylureas, while the weight ratio of component (I) to the sum of components (II+III) is within 1:(7^34). 2. The herbicidal composition according to claim 1, wherein the sulfonylurea herbicide is selected from tribenuron, tribenuron-methyl, metsulfuron-methyl. 3. The herbicidal composition of claim 1, wherein the phenoxyacetic acid herbicide is selected from esters and salts of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. 4. Herbicidal composition according to claim 3, in which the esters and salts of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid are its 2-ethylhexyl, isooctyl ester, ammonium, amine and/or sodium salts. 5. The herbicidal composition of claim 1, wherein the phenoxyacetic acid herbicide is selected from esters and salts of 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid. 6. Herbicidal composition according to claim 5, in which the esters and salts of 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid are its 2-ethylhexyl ester, ammonium, amine, potassium and/or sodium salts. - 6 042375 7. Herbicidal composition according to claim 1, characterized in that for the preparation of formulations it additionally contains agrochemically acceptable excipients, such as fillers, diluents, surfactants, disintegrators, acidity correctors, thickeners, emulsifiers, dispersants, antifreezes, biocides, defoamers and/or dyes. 8. Herbicidal composition according to claim 7, characterized in that it is presented in the form of a liquid formulation, such as suspoemulsion, emulsion concentrate or oil-in-water emulsion. 9. Herbicidal composition according to claim 7, characterized in that it is presented in the form of a solid formulation, such as water-dispersible granules or wettable powder. 10. A method for controlling unwanted vegetation in crops of grain crops, characterized in that a herbicidal composition pre-diluted with water according to any one of claims 1-9 is applied to the weeds to be destroyed and their places of growth at agrochemically acceptable consumption rates. Eurasian Patent Organization, EAPO Russia, 109012, Moscow, Maly Cherkassky per., 2