EA023417B1 - Method for production of complex organo-mineral fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention is related to a method for production of mineral fertilizers from a mixture of several components and can be used in production of organo-mineral fertilizers based on phosphates and humic acids. Provided is the method of production of an organo-mineral fertilizer containing coal-mining and coal-concentration wastes, ammonium sulphate and phosphorite meal, the method comprising source components milling and mixing, wherein lignites or wind-blown coals are used as coal-mining and coal-concentration wastes, with addition of vermiculite priorly fired at 750-900°C, sunflower ash or distiller grains ash, potassium sulphates, carbonates or chlorides, and nitrogen-containing fertilizers such as ammophos, carbamide, superphosphate, ammonium nitrates, milling and mixing of the components being performed simultaneously. The produced nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium-containing complex organo-mineral fertilizer is a dry mass containing the following nutrient substances: humate, POin available form, nitrogen, potassium sulphate, carbonate or chloride, vermiculite and microelements such as iron, manganese, titanium, zinc, vanadium, copper, cobalt, boron, molybdenum and others. The method improves cost-efficiency and environmental safety of the process, and the fertilizer produced increases agricultural crops yield, improves quality and enriches soil.

Description

The invention relates to the production of mineral fertilizers from a mixture of several components and can be used to obtain organic fertilizers based on phosphates and humic acids.

A known method of producing organophosphate mineral fertilizers containing up to 5758% Rel. P ₂ O ₅ in a lemon-soluble form in which the phosphate feed is mixed with an organic additive in the form of oxidized brown coals and technical hydrolysis lignin in a mass ratio of components (1: 2: 1) - (1: 2: 1.5) with simultaneous mixing and grinding phosphate raw materials and organic additives (RF patent 2098394, publ. 10.05.2004, bull. No. 13).

The disadvantage of this method is the lack of complex fertilizer potassium and nitrogen-containing components, which reduces its quality indicators.

The closest to the proposed invention in terms of technical nature and the achieved result is a method for producing organic fertilizer containing waste from coal mining and coal preparation, ammonium sulfate and phosphate rock with a ratio of components in wt.%, Respectively (80-83) :( 2-3) :( 15 -17), including grinding coal waste, mixing it with the components of the mixture in dry form, steam treatment of the resulting mixture, granulation by pressing through a perforated grid and drying the granules to a moisture content of 6-7% (RF patent 2017707, publ. 15.0 8.1994, bull. No. 15).

The disadvantages of this method are its complexity: the need to process the charge mixture with steam, followed by granulation by pressing through a perforated grate and the absence of a potassium-containing component in organic fertilizer.

The objective of the invention is the development of a method for producing organic fertilizer, which reduces energy consumption and improves the quality of fertilizer due to its content of phosphorus, potassium, nitrogen and humate.

The technical result achieved by using the present invention is to obtain a complex organomineral fertilizer with high technological properties.

The problem is solved in that in the method of producing organic fertilizer containing waste from coal mining and coal preparation, ammonium sulfate and phosphorite flour, including grinding the components and mixing them in dry form, according to the invention, brown coal or weathered coal are used as coal mining and coal concentration waste, with the addition of sunflower ash or bardic coal, previously burned at 750-900 ° C, vermiculite, sulfates, carbonates or potassium chlorides and nitrogen-containing fertilizers in the form of ammophos, urine ina, urea, ammonium nitrates, and the grinding of the components and their mixing is carried out simultaneously.

The method is as follows: phosphate rock class 0-0.1 mm is mixed with pre-calcined at 750-900 ° C vermiculite with a grain size of 0-3 mm, potassium-containing material (carnallite, sylvinite, polygalite) class 0-5 mm, brown or weathered coals fractions of 0-10 mm, ammonium sulfate, urea or with ammophos or ammonium nitrate, sunflower ash or hard coal, taken in certain proportions and crushed to a particle size of 0-0.1 mm in a ball mill for 28-30 minutes or in a disintegrator in for 4-6 minutes

The resulting nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium-humate-containing complex organomineral fertilizer is a dry mass containing the following nutrients: humate, P ₂ O ₅ in an assimilable form, nitrogen, carbonate, sulfate or potassium chloride, vermiculite and trace elements such as iron , manganese, titanium, zinc, vanadium, copper, cobalt, boron, molybdenum and others.

Significant differences of the ΝΡΚ-humate-containing organomineral fertilizer obtained by the proposed method include its increased biological activity, porosity and friability, due to the presence in it of a wide range of amino acids, organic carboxylic acids and vermiculite, which prevent caking of the fertilizer and hardening of the soil. The combination of mixing and grinding components leads to a simplification of the process of obtaining fertilizer by reducing the amount of equipment and reducing the number of staff and production facilities.

In the preparation of the reaction mixture in the examples used:

phosphorite of the Akzhar deposit in the Karatau basin, containing (wt.%): P ₂ O ₅ 21.5-24.0; CaO 32.0-36.1; MdO 1.3-1.9; P 1.35-1.9; A1 ₂ O ₃ 1.4-1.8; Re ₂ O ₃ 1.6-1.8; but. 23.1-25.8; CO ₂ 8.1-13.4; trace elements Mn, Mo, Τι, 8, B, Ζη, etc .;

brown coal containing 35-70% of humic acids and trace elements Mn, Mo, B, V, Cu, Ζη, Co and others;

potassium hydroxide - 42% solution; potassium carbonate - brands of chemical grade;

sunflower ash containing 15-35% - K ₂ CO ₃ , 3.5-4.1% - K ₂ 8O ₄ , 3.8-5.1% - KC1;

beet sugar coal containing 30-80% - K ₂ CO ₃ ; KC1: K ₂ CO ₃ - 0.06-0.67;

K ₂ 8O ₄ : K ₂ CO ₃ - 0.07-0.63;

vermiculite containing 8Y ₂ - 34-36; A1 ₂ O ₃ - 9.1-9.9; MdO - 24.7-26; CaO - 1.02-1.22; H ₂ O, 0.770.87; Re ₂ O ₃ - 5.6-6.5; ReO - 0.2-0.17; TU ₂ - 0.4-0.9%,

- 1 023417

Μη - 0.03-0.007%;

simple superphosphate containing (%): P ₂ O ₅ ( _assim .)> 19%, P ₂ O ₅ (fre.) <5%; double superphosphate containing (%): P ₂ O ₅ ( _assimilated ) 46 ± 1 - 49 ± 1, P ₂ O ₅ (unv.) 2.5-4.5%; fertilizer ammophos containing (%): N>12; P ₂ O ₅ ( _ass .)>39;

ammonium nitrate containing 32-35% nitrogen.

Example 1

A portion of coal 100 g, potassium carbonate 15 g, phosphorite flour 100 g, sunflower ash 30 g and vermiculite 30 g, ammonium nitrate 30 g were subjected to grinding in a disintegrator to a particle size of 0.10.15 mm until the color of the mixture for 4-6 minutes . As a result, at the outlet from the mill, a finished brownish product was obtained. At the same time, the degree of transition of humic acids to water-soluble humates was 71.1%, and phosphorus to an assimilable form was 59.2%, respectively. The resulting product is a dry mass, convenient for storage, transportation and packaging (table. 1, No. 3).

Example 2

A weighed portion of 100 g of phosphate rock, brown coal 100 g and 15 g of potassium carbonate, distillery coal 30 g, vermiculite 30 g, ammophos 30 g were mixed together and ground in a ball mill to a fineness of 0.1-0.15 m for 30 minutes. In this case, the relative percentage of lemon-soluble P ₂ O ₅ in the product is 59% (versus 23%) in the initial phosphorite. The resulting product is a dry mass containing nutrients: humate, digestible P ₂ O ₅ , carbonate, sulfate or potassium chloride, vermiculite, as well as trace elements (table. 2, No. 3).

Example 3

A sample of 100 g of dry brown coal, simple superphosphate - 75 g, 30 g of urea, 42% potassium hydroxide solution 100 g, sunflower ash 30 g and vermiculite 30 g are simultaneously mixed and ground in a ball mill for 30 minutes. The resulting product is a dry mass containing humate, an assimilable form of P2O5, nitrogen, carbonate, sulfate and potassium chloride, vermiculite and trace elements (table. 3, No. 4).

Given in the table. 1-3 results indicate that the proposed method provides complex organic-mineral fertilizers with high technological properties. The total content of digestible nutrients (Ν, P ₂ O ₅ , K ₂ O, humate) in the fertilizer obtained is from 46 to 141 g.

Table 1. The ratio of the components of the reaction mixture (coal, potassium carbonate, phosphorite flour, sunflower ash, vermiculite, ammonium nitrate), the degree of conversion of humic acids into humates and total P ₂ O ₅ in an assimilable form, fertilizer quality indicators

The original mixture Finished product Brown coal Potassium carbonate Phosphorite flour Ash sunflower tulips 5 h 6 £ Nit | ammo at chiya The total content of digestible substances (Ν, RA ?, KA. G), g Ratio nutritious substances G; CA: RA <N Namenova nie deposits and place of selection samples The lawsuit. weight g Gumi · new pussycat lot % The degree of conversion of humic ACID to humates,% The mass of humate g Ref. weight. g KA g Ref. weight, g RA>, g The degree of conversion of total RA + in an assimilable form,% Mass Р> о ₅ In an assimilable form, g Ref. weight, KA g Ref. weight g Kg [ Kara fat one hundred 62 71.1 441 one hundred 68.1 one hundred 22.5 59.2 13.32 thirty 4.6 thirty thirty 10.5 (41 3 2: 5.2: 0.95: 0.8 2 Kara fat one hundred 62 71.1 44.1 fifty 34.1 one hundred 22.5 59.2 13.32 thirty 4.6 thirty thirty 10.5 107 3.2; 2.8: 0.95: 0.8 3 Kara fat one hundred 62 71.1 44.1 fifteen 10,2 one hundred 22.5 59.2 13.32 thirty 4.6 thirty thirty 10.5 83 3.2: 1.1: 0.95: 0.8 4 May Cove one hundred 38 71.0 27.0 one hundred 68.1 one hundred 22.5 59.2 13.32 thirty 4.6 thirty thirty 10.5 124 1.9: 5.2: 0.95: 0.8 5 May Cove one hundred 38 71.0 27.0 fifty 34.1 one hundred 22.5 59.2 13.32 thirty 4.6 thirty thirty 10.5 90 1.9: 2.8: 0.95: 0.8 6 May Cove one hundred 38 71 0 27.0 fifteen 10,2 one hundred 22.5 59.2 13.32 thirty 4.6 thirty thirty 10.5 66 1.9: 1.1: 0.95: 0.8 7 Shubar count one hundred 31 71.0 22.0 one hundred 68.1 one hundred 22.5 59.2 13.32 thirty 4.6 thirty thirty 10.5 119 1.6: 5.2: 0.95: 0.8 $ Shubar count one hundred 31 71.0 22.0 fifty 34.1 one hundred 22.5 59.2 13.32 thirty 4.6 thirty thirty 10.5 71 1.6: 2.8: 0.95.0.8 nine Shubar KOL one hundred 31 71.0 22.0 fifteen 10.2 one hundred 22.5 59.2 13.32 thirty 4.6 thirty thirty 10.5 47 1.6: 1.1: 0.95: 0.8 10 Lenger one hundred thirty 70.0 21.0 one hundred 68.1 one hundred 22.5 59.2 13.32 thirty 4.6 thirty thirty 10.5 118 1.5: 5.2: 0.95: 0.8 eleven Lenger | one hundred thirty 70.0 21.0 fifty 34.1 one hundred 22.5 59.2 13.32 thirty 4.6 | thirty thirty 10.5 70 1.5: 2.8: 0.95 0.8 12 Lenger 100 thirty 70.0 21.0 fifteen 10.2 one hundred 22.5 59.2 13.32 thirty 4.6 30 thirty 10.5 46 1.5: 1.1: 0.95; 0.8

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Table 2. The ratio of the components of the reaction mixture (lignite, potassium carbonate, phosphate rock, beard coal, vermiculite, ammophos), the degree of conversion of humic acids to humates and total P ₂ O ₅ in an assimilable form and fertilizer quality indicators

Heh The original mixture Finished product Brown coal Carbonate kaliv Phosphorite flour Bardyany coal in M E ABOUT. f Ammophos (1 grade) The total content is assimilated, substances (Ν. P ₂ O <, K ₂ O, G), g Nutrient ratio G: K ₂ O; P ₂ O: N one Name of deposits and place of sampling Ref. weight g Humic acid,% The degree of conversion of humic acid into humates,% The mass of humate, g Ref. weight, ( K _g O, g Ref. weight g ΡζΟ>, g Power translation of total P2O5 into an assimilable form, Mass RgOch in assimilable form, g Ref. weight, g K ₂ O g Ref. weight, g Ν. g 2 Kara fat one hundred 62 71.1 44.1 one hundred 68.1 one hundred 22.5 59.2 13.32 thirty 4.6 thirty thirty 10.5 141 3.2 · 5.2 ί 0.95: 0.8 3 Kara fat one hundred 62 71.1 44.1 fifty 34.1 one hundred 22.5 59.2 13.32 thirty 4.6 thirty thirty 10.5 107 3.2: 2.8: 0.95: 0.8 4 Kara * fat one hundred 62 71.1 44.1 fifteen 10,2 one hundred 22.5 59.2 13.32 thirty 4.6 thirty thirty 10.5 83 3.2: 1.1: 0.95: 0.8 5 Mikobe one hundred 38 71.0 27.0 one hundred 68.1 one hundred 22.5 59.2 13.32 thirty 4.6 thirty thirty 10.5 124 1 9: 5.2: 0.95 0.8 6 Mikobe one hundred 38 71.0 27.0 fifty 34.1 one hundred 22.5 59.2 13.32 thirty 4.6 thirty thirty 10.5 90 1.9: 2.8: 0.95: 0.8 7 Mikobe one hundred 38 71.0 27.0 fifteen 10.2 one hundred 22.5 59.2 13.32 thirty 4.6 thirty thirty 10.5 66 3.9: | .1: 0.95: 0.8 8 Shubar count one hundred 31 71.0 22.0 one hundred 68.1 one hundred 22.5 59.2 13.32 thirty 4.6 thirty thirty 10.5 119 1.6; 5.2: 0.95: 0.8 nine Shubar * count one hundred 31 71.0 22.0 fifty 34.1 one hundred 22.5 59.2 13.32 thirty 4.6 thirty thirty 10.5 71 1.6: 2.8: 0.95.8 go Shubar count one hundred 31 71.0 22.0 fifteen 10,2 one hundred 22.5 59.2 13.32 thirty 4.6 thirty thirty 10.5 47 1.6: 1.1 0.95: 0.8 eleven Lenger one hundred thirty 70.0 21.0 one hundred 68.1 one hundred 22.5 59.2 13.32 thirty 4.6 thirty thirty 10.5 118 1.5: 5.2: 0.95: 0.8 12 Lenger one hundred thirty 70.0 21.0 fifty 34.1 one hundred 22.5 59.2 13.32 thirty 4.6 thirty thirty 10.5 70 1.5: 2.8: 0.95: 0.8 thirteen Lenger one hundred thirty 70.0 21.0 fifteen 10.2 one hundred 22.5 59.2 13.32 thirty 4.6 thirty thirty 10.5 46 1.5: 1.1 -0.95.8

Table 3. The ratio of the components of the reaction mixture: coal, KOH solution (42%), simple superphosphate, sunflower ash, vermiculite, urea, the degree of conversion of humic acids into humates and fertilizer quality indicators

Kg Source Finished product Brown coal KOH solution (42%) About super! stop yus fat Ash sunflower and E- 5 6 3 g &. <and wed Urea The total content of digestible substances (Ν, Р ₂ О ₅ , К ₂ О, Г), gr Nutrient ratio G: KeO; Ρ ₂ Ο ₅ : Ν Field name and sampling location Ex weight, g Gumi new acid, % The degree of conversion of humic acid to humates. % Weight humate g Ref. weight, g K ₂ O, g Ref. weight, g p ₂ about ₅ , G Ref. weight, g K ₂ O, g Ref. weight, g Ν, g Kara-zhyra one hundred 62 71.1 44.1 one hundred 35.6 75 15.0 thirty 4.6 thirty thirty 14.0 113 3.2: 2.9: 1.1: 1 2 Kara-zhyra one hundred 62 71.1 44.1 fifty 17.6 75 15.0 thirty 4.6 thirty thirty 14.0 95 3.2: 1.6: 1.1: 1 3 Kara-zhyra one hundred 62 71.1 44.1 25 8.9 75 15.0 thirty 4.6 thirty thirty 14.0 87 3.2: 0.97: 1.1: 1 4 Mikobe one hundred 38 71.0 27.0 one hundred 35.6 75 15.0 thirty 4.6 thirty thirty 14.0 96 1.9: 2.9: 1.1: 1 5 Maykove one hundred 38 71.0 27.0 fifty 17.6 75 15.0 thirty 4.6 thirty thirty 14.0 78 1.9: 1.6: 1.1: 1 6 Mikobe one hundred 38 71.0 27.0 25 8.9 75 15.0 thirty 4.6 thirty thirty 14.0 70 1.9: 0.97: 1.1: 1 7 Shubar one hundred 31 71.0 22.0 one hundred 35.6 75 15.0 thirty 4.6 thirty thirty 14.0 91 1.6: 2.9: 1.1: 1 8 Shubar one hundred 31 71.0 22.0 fifty 17.6 75 15.0 thirty 4.6 thirty thirty 14.0 73 1.6: 1.6: 1.1: 1 nine Shubar one hundred 31 71.0 22.0 25 8.9 75 15.0 thirty 4.6 thirty thirty 14.0 65 1.6: 0.97: 1.1: 1 10 Lenger one hundred thirty 70.0 21.0 one hundred 35.6 75 15.0 thirty 4.6 thirty thirty 14.0 90 1.5: 2.9: 1.1: 1 eleven Lenger yuo thirty 70.0 21.0 fifty 17.6 75 15.0 thirty 4.6 thirty thirty 14.0 72 1.5: 1.6: 1.1: 1 12 Lenger one hundred thirty 70.0 21.0 25 8.9 75 15.0 thirty 4.6 thirty thirty 14.0 64 1.5: 0.97: 1.1: 1

CLAIM

Claims (1)

A method of producing organic fertilizer containing waste from coal mining and coal preparation, ammonium sulfate and phosphorite flour, including grinding of the starting components and mixing them, characterized in that brown coal or weathered coal are used as waste from coal mining and coal beneficiation, with the addition of prebaked at 750-900 ° C vermiculite, sunflower ash or hard coal, sulphates, carbonates or potassium chloride and nitrogen-containing fertilizers selected from ammophos, urea, superphosphate, ammonium nitrate, grinding components and their mixing is carried out simultaneously.